US3240883A - Microphone - Google Patents

Microphone Download PDF

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Publication number
US3240883A
US3240883A US121280A US12128061A US3240883A US 3240883 A US3240883 A US 3240883A US 121280 A US121280 A US 121280A US 12128061 A US12128061 A US 12128061A US 3240883 A US3240883 A US 3240883A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
housing
diaphragm
acoustic
microphone
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Expired - Lifetime
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US121280A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles E Seeler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shure Inc
Original Assignee
Shure Brothers Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shure Brothers Inc filed Critical Shure Brothers Inc
Priority to US121280A priority Critical patent/US3240883A/en
Priority to GB20010/62A priority patent/GB1011871A/en
Priority to DE19621412953 priority patent/DE1412953A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3240883A publication Critical patent/US3240883A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/38—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means in which sound waves act upon both sides of a diaphragm and incorporating acoustic phase-shifting means, e.g. pressure-gradient microphone

Definitions

  • unidirectional microphones Of the various types of unidirectional microphones, one of the most well-known is the type utilizing a phase shifting system and rear entry structure for effecting cancellation of behind-the-microphone signals, such as that described and illustrated in Baumzweiger Patent No. 2,237,298, issued April 8, 1941.
  • the present invention overcomes these diiiiculties and in accordance therewith there is provided a new unidirectional microphone utilizing phase shifting characterstics and which has a response pattern that is uniform in polar orientation.
  • Microphones embodying this invention utilize an increased number of phase shifting and correcting networks in a simplified structure whereby more uniform frequency response is achieved and the acoustic circuit elements are so oriented that the response pattern is cardioidal and symmetrical in revolution about the longitudinal axis of the microphone normal to the diaphragm.
  • Microphones embodying this invention utilize a system of coaxially arranged, longitudinally distributed elements providing localized and distributed acoustic capacitances, resistances and inertances, whereby the desired results discussed above are readily achieved in a structure which may be relatively small and convenient to handle.
  • Structures embodying this invention utilize not only the parts which are generally considered to be the acoustic, magnetic and electrical components of a microphone, but also utilize the shell and case of the device to provide the coaxially arranged, longitudinally distributed acoustic phase shifting network.
  • the microphone cartridge consisting generally of the magnets and diaphragm, are so arranged in a shell and case that the physical interrelation of the cartridge with the shell and the case provides the distribution and localized capacitance, resistance and inertance.
  • FIGURE 1 of the drawings which form a part of this specification is a cross-sectional illustration of the aforementioned illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified mechanical schematic illustration of the microphone of FIGURE 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an electrical equivalent schematic illustration of the acoustic analogue of the microphone of FIGURE 1, and
  • FIG. 4 is a further simplified electrical equivalent schematic illustration of the acoustical analogue.
  • the microphone 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a rotationally symmetrical device, mechanically, about the longitudinal ICC axis thereof.
  • the outer structure of the microphone ini cludes, in this particular embodiment, a slightly conical base 2 in which the microphone transformer 3 is housed and mounted.
  • a cable jack 4 which cio-ses the end of the base and provides for electrical connection to the system that is to receive signals from the microphone.
  • the interior of the -base is acoustically sealed from the cable jack by a grommet S that is mounted on an internal flange 6 in the base.
  • An appropriate passage 7 in the grommet provides for the connecting wires for coupling the transformer to the cable jack. This passage is sealed with cement so that it does not destroy the acoustic sealing qualities of the grommet.
  • the front end of the base is threadably attached, as at 8, to an intermediate cylindrical shell and housing portion 9 within which the microphone cartridge assembly 10 is mounted.
  • the housing is completed at its front end by an acoustically permeable headpiece 11, also substantially cylindrical, which carries the perforated screen 12 for direct entryV of the acoustic vibrations to the cartridge of the microphone.
  • the physical assembly of the microphone cartridge 10 includes a magnet 13 on the front end of which there is secured an inner, cylindrical pole piece 14.
  • the cylindrical inner pole piece is coaxially arranged with a tubelike cylindrical outer pole piece 15 so disposed with respect to the inner pole piece that it is radially spaced therefrom. This provides an air gap 16 between the outer peripheral surface of the inner pole piece and the inner peripheral surface of the outer pole piece.
  • the spacing in coaxial arrangement of the inner and outer pole pieces is maintained -by a non-magnetic, such as brass, spacing bushing 17 disposed therebetween rearwardly of the defined air gap.
  • the outer pole piece is carried on a pole piece ring 18 that is mounted on a yoke 19 afiixed to the rearward end of the magnet 13.
  • the pole piece ring 18 and yoke 19 are of magnetic material, such as iron, to provide a closed magnetic circuit between the outer pole piece and the rearward end of the magnet. With this arrangement, the entire magnetic circuit is closed except for the radially oriented air gap between the inner and outer pole pieces at the front end of the assembly of the cartridge.
  • This air gap provides a radially oriented field in which the voice coil 20 is disposed.
  • the voice coil consists of a number of turns of fine wire cemented together to form a solid 'structure in the form of a short, thin-walled tube which is arranged in the air gap in such a manner that axial movement thereof will generate an E.M.F. to excite the primary winding of the transformer by appropriate electrical interconnection between these elements.
  • the voice coil is cemented to an appropriately configurated diaphragm 21 of thin, flexible material which will vibrate in accordance with the acoustic undulation engaging the same.
  • the diaphragm is carried on a resistance ring 22 secured in place on the outer pole piece 1S.
  • a protective, perforated resonator plate 23 mounted on the interior of the headpiece, substantially parallel to the diaphragm and radially of the microphone assembly.
  • the resonator plate 23 is provided with a plurality of circularly arranged poles 24.
  • the microphone cartridge is held coaxially within the shell 9 by shock mount rings 25 and 26 disposed about the pole piece ring 18 and the adjusting screw 27 at the rearward end of the yoke 19, respectively, with the inner peripheries thereof in tight engagement with the outer peripheries of the pole piece ring and the screw, and with the outer peripheries of the shock mounts in firm engagement with the inner peripheral surface of the shell 9.
  • Additional structure provided in the microphone assembly of FIG. 1 includes a cloth screen 28 disposed behind the non-magnetic spacer bushing 17 in line with the circularly arranged passages 29 in the bushing.
  • the ⁇ space between the magnet 13 and the outer pole piece ring 1S is substantially filled with felt or acoustically similar material, as indicated at 3f).
  • the yoke 19 has a plurality of circularly arranged apertures 31 therein, which are closed at their rearward ends by a felt or a cloth washer 32 and backed by a pressure plate 33 having apertures therein or -being slightly smaller in diameter than the felt washer 32.
  • the pressure on the plate 33, and thereby the compaction and acoustic qualities of the washer 32, is adjustably controlled by a nut 34 threadably engaged on the rearward end of the yoke and bearing against the back side of the pressure plate 33.
  • terminal plates 35 and 36 For electrical connections within the microph-one, terminal plates 35 and 36, carrying solder lugs thereon, are mounted at the back end of the yoke 19 and behind the apertured shock mount 26, respectively, and secured in position by nuts 37 and 38 on the screw 27.
  • the microphone described in conjunction with the illustrative embodiment of FIG. 1 performs four significant functions. These are (l) magnetic, (2) mechanical vibratory, (3) electrical, and (4) acoustic vibratory,
  • the magnetic function of providing an appropriate field for electro-magnetic relation with the voice coil is provided by the magnet, the inner pole piece, the outer pole piece disposed with an airgap between it and the inner pole piece, and the magnetic circuit closing elements of the outer pole piece ring and the yoke, with the bushing providing a stable spacing relation between the inner and outer pole pieces to maintain a mechanically stable, and therefore a magnetically stable, airgap.
  • the mechanical vibratory functions are provided by the diaphragm to which the voice coil is mounted and which is itself mounted on the resistance ring so as to be effectively secured in proper radial position with the voice coil disposed within the airgap without engaging either of the pole pieces.
  • the electrical function is performed when the diaphragm is vibrated to axially move the voice coil in the airgap so as to generate an transmitted to the transformer by electrical connections therewith effected at the terminal plates.
  • microphones embodying this invention have an essentially cardioidal response pattern which is uniform and rotationally symmetrical about the major aXis of the microphone. This characteristic is provided by t-he phase-shifting interrelation and rotationally symmetrical arrangement of the components of the microphone.
  • phase-shifting effects ⁇ of this microphone are obtained from the utilization of a plurality of isolated acoustic paths Within the device itself.
  • the acoustic vibratory functions ⁇ of the device are performed by the interrelation of three distinctive acoustic paths, the first of which is wholly isolated from the other two, and the second and third of which are physically in series but acoustically larranged in accordance with the electrical symbol equivalent circuit arrangements shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in conjunction with the simplified mechanical equivalent schematic illustration of FIG. 2.
  • the first path and the primary one for generation of signals in response to acoustic undulations from a source such as a voice, proceeds through the perforate screen 12 and the acoustically permeable headpiece 11 at the 4 front of the microphone structure, through the chamber between the screen and the resonator plate, and through perforations in the resonator plate to the front face of the diaphragm.
  • the pressure on the diaphragm from the first .air path is the primary signal source and is designated as P1 in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.
  • the second acoustic path is provided by a rear entry avenue progressing through a protective screen 39 underlying radial openings at the junction of the headpiece 11 with the shell 9 and at which the signal P2 appears.
  • the acoustic signals P2 entering these apertures progress axially forwardly through a plurality of peripheral recesses 40 in the outer surface of the outer pole piece 15 and the inner surface of the headpiece 11.
  • the rear entry signals progress from these recesses lforwardly to the back surface of the diaphragm 21.
  • the entry to the underside of the diaphragm and into the cavity 42 from the recesses 40 is provided by circularly arranged apertures 41 in the resistance ring 22.
  • This cavity is effectively an acoustic capacitance designated as C11 in the acoustic analogues of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Appropriate passages provided by proper configuration of the diaphragm in accordance with the principles of this invention provides for acoustic communication throughout the entire chamber 42.
  • the compliance of the diaphragm to the acoustic undulations presented to it is an acoustic capacitance designated as C3 in the equivalent analogues of FIGS. 3 and 4 while the diaphragm-voice coil assembly provides an inertance designated by an equivalent L3 and an acoustic resistance R3.
  • the inertance and acoustic resistance of the slots or recess paths 40 and the apertures 41 are indicated by equivalent elements L1 and R1 in the equivalent analogues of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the remainder of the acoustic path system of the microphone, while acoustically complex, is physically in series with the above-described second path and initiates in the chamber 42.
  • the path herein described as the third path, progresses from the chamber 42 through the cylindrical passages 43 defined by the voice coil 20 in the airgap, through the apertures 29 in the brass bushing, and into the felt-filled chamber between the outerpole piece ring and the magnet.
  • This felt-filled cavity provides an acoustic capacitance designated in the equivalent analogues as C1, while the passages defined by the voice coil in the airgap, the apertures in the bushing, and the acoustic action of the cloth washer, provide acoustic inertance and resistance designated as L1, and Rb.
  • the acoustic resistance of the felt pad 30 is designated by the equivalent Rb in the analogue of FIG. 3.
  • the third path continues through the apertures 31 in the yoke 19 on the felt pad 32, the pressure and compression on which is controlled by the nut 34 and brass washer 33 to the chamber 44 between the outer pole piece and the shell 9, the forward end of which chamber is acoustically sealed by the shock mount 25.
  • This chamber 44 is in acoustic connection with the microphone transformer chamber 45 by means of apertures 46 in the shock mount 26 at the back end of the shell 9.
  • the total of the acoustic capacitances of the chambers 44 and 45 are lumped as an equivalent Cb in FIG. 3 while the passages 31 and the compressed felt washer 32 provide acoustic inertance and resistance designated in the equivalent analogue of FIG. 3 as Lh and R"1,.
  • FIG. 3 which is the effective low frequency analogue and of the simplified equivalent schematic of FIG. 4, which is an effective schematic for medium frequency signals, readily shows that the phase-shifting capacities of the network for establishing a relation between the signals F1 and P2 is such that the desired cardioidal polar pattern is provided by structures embodying this invention and is such that the polar pattern is uniform and provides for uniform discrimination through the medium frequency range.
  • the shape, dimensional proportions and arrangement of the headpiece, cavities, apertures, felt piece, felt and cloth washers, openings, screens and recesses are chosen so as to transform the lumped impedances shown in FIG. 3 into distributed impedances which will, at higher frequencies, interact in such a manner so as to provide unidirectional characteristics at higher frequencies.
  • this invention provides for uniform polar response over substantially the entire audio spectrum while feedback at frequencies normally favored by the mechanical properties of a microphone are avoided and the pattern is rotationally symmetrical about the major axis of the microphone.
  • additional inertance and resistance elements may be provided at the openings 46 in the shock mount 26 to provide a separation of the capacitances of the chambers 44 and 45 in this embodiment of the invention, thereby creating an additional network in parallel with the capacitance Cb of FIG. 3 or the lumped capacitance Cb of FIG. 4.
  • a microphone having a housing, a diaphragm mounted in said housing and a voice coil mounted on one side of said diaphragm, an opening in said housing at the opposite side of said diaphragm from said voice coil to admit acoustic vibrations to said diaphragm from a source external of said housing, a second opening in said housing, a passageway in said housing defining an acoustic communication between said second opening and said one side of said diaphragm, a first chamber in said housing, an acoustic resistance defining a communication path between said first chamber and said one side of said diaphragm, a second chamber in said housing and a second acoustic resistance defining a communication path between the first chamber and the second chamber.
  • a microphone having a housing, a diaphragm mounted in said housing and a voice coil mounted on one side of said diaphragm, an opening in said housing at the opposite side of said diaphragm from said voice coil to admit acoustic vibrations to said diaphragm from a source external of said housing, a second opening in said housing, a passage in said housing providing acoustic communciation between said second opening and said one side of said diaphragm, a first chamber in said housing, an acoustic resistance providing a communication path between said first chamber and said one side of said diaphragm, a second chamber in said housing and a second acoustic resistance providing a communication path between the first chamber and the second chamber, said chambers and said resistances being axially arranged to provide a longitudinal major axis and being substantially symmetrical about the major axis of the microphone.
  • a microphone having unidirectional response, characteristics uniform in polar orientation with a polar response pattern symmetrical over substantially the entire audio spectrum comprising a housing, a diaphragm mounted in said housing, a voice coil mounted on one side of said diaphragm, an opening in said housing providing an acoustic entry to said diaphragm and coaxial therewith at the side thereof opposite to said voice coil, a chamber in said housing at said one side of said diaphragm, said one side of said diaphragm serving to define a portion of said chamber, a plurality of circumferentially disposed and symmetrically arranged openings in said housing in communication with said chamber, a second chamber in said housing, an acoustic resistance providing a communication path between the first mentioned chamber and said second chamber, a third chamber in said housing, and a second acoustic resistance providing a communication between said second chamber and said third chamber.
  • a microphone having unidirectional response characteristics uniform in polar orientation with a polar response pattern symmetrical over substantially the entire audio spectrum comprising a housing, a diaphragm mounted in said housing, a voice coil mounted on one side of said diaphragm, an opening in said housing providing an acoustic entry to said diaphragm and coaxial therewith at the side thereof opposite to said voice coil, a chamber in said housing at said one side of said diaphragm, said one side of said diaphragm serving to define a portion of said chamber, a plurality of circumferentially disposed and symmetrically arranged openings in said housing in communication with said chamber, a second chamber in said housing, an acoustic resistance providing a communication path between the first mentioned chamber and said second chaamber, a third chamber in said housing, and a second acoustic resistance providing a communication between said second chamber and said third chamber, said chambers and said acoustic resistances being axially arranged to provide a longitudinal major major
  • a microphone having unidirectional response characteristics uniform in polar orientation with a polar response pattern symmetrical over substantially the entire audio spectrum comprising a housing, a diaphragm mounted in said housing, a voice coil mounted on one side of said diaphragm, an opening in said housing providing an acoustic entry to said diaphragm and coaxial therewith at the side thereof opposite to said voice coil, a chamber in said housing at said one side of said diaphragm, said one side of said diaphragm serving to define a portion of said chamber, a plurality of circumferentially disposed and symmetrically arranged openings in said housing in communication with said chamber, a second chamber in said housing, an acoustitc resistance providing a communication path between the first mentioned chamber and said second chamber, a third chamber in said housing, and an adjustable second acoustic resistance providing a communication between said second chamber and said third chamber.
  • a microphone having unidirectional response characteristics uniform in polar orientation with a polar response pattern symmetrical over substantially the entire audio spectrum comprising a housing, a diaphragm mounted in said housing, a voice coil mounted on one side of said diaphragm, a first chamber in said housing at said one side of said diaphragm, said one side of said diaphragm serving to define a portion of said chamber, a second chamber in said housing disposed longitudinally of said housing with respect to said first chamber, an acoustic resistance providing a communication path between said rst chamber and said second chamber, a third chamber in said housing disposed longitudinally of said housing with respect to said second chamber and located on the side of said second chamber opposite the side on which said first chamber is located, and a second acoustic resistance providing a communication path between said second chamber and said third chamber.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
US121280A 1961-05-25 1961-05-25 Microphone Expired - Lifetime US3240883A (en)

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US121280A US3240883A (en) 1961-05-25 1961-05-25 Microphone
GB20010/62A GB1011871A (en) 1961-05-25 1962-05-24 Microphone
DE19621412953 DE1412953A1 (de) 1961-05-25 1962-05-25 Mikrophon

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GB (1) GB1011871A (de)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3585317A (en) * 1968-01-04 1971-06-15 Astatic Corp Cardioid microphone
US3651286A (en) * 1969-01-13 1972-03-21 Akg Akustische Kino Geraete Lavalier microphone assembly protected against friction noises
US3777079A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-12-04 Willco Gmbh Directional microphone for head mounted midget hearing aids
US3790724A (en) * 1971-04-14 1974-02-05 Philips Corp Electromagnetic microphone including at least one acoustic resistance
US3940575A (en) * 1975-03-03 1976-02-24 Cbs Inc. Directional microphone
US4038502A (en) * 1975-03-19 1977-07-26 Motorola, Inc. Acoustic coupling structure for microphone
US4199667A (en) * 1977-05-26 1980-04-22 Akg Akustische U. Kino-Gerate Gesellschaft M.B.H. Microphone having means for suppressing structure-borne sounds
US4410770A (en) * 1981-06-08 1983-10-18 Electro-Voice, Incorporated Directional microphone
US4637489A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-01-20 Nippon Chem-Con Corp. Electroacoustic transducer
US4648480A (en) * 1984-09-10 1987-03-10 Doryokuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu Jigyodan Condenser microphone having resistance against high-temperature and radioactive rays
US4694499A (en) * 1985-02-13 1987-09-15 Crown International, Inc. Directional microphone with acoustic washer
US20100189299A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-29 John Grant Microphone
US10638238B1 (en) 2019-06-04 2020-04-28 John A Kienzle Cacophony reduction in directional sound receivers
US11297423B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2022-04-05 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Endfire linear array microphone
US11297426B2 (en) 2019-08-23 2022-04-05 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. One-dimensional array microphone with improved directivity
US11303981B2 (en) 2019-03-21 2022-04-12 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Housings and associated design features for ceiling array microphones
US11302347B2 (en) 2019-05-31 2022-04-12 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Low latency automixer integrated with voice and noise activity detection
US11310592B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2022-04-19 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Array microphone system and method of assembling the same
US11310596B2 (en) 2018-09-20 2022-04-19 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Adjustable lobe shape for array microphones
US11438691B2 (en) 2019-03-21 2022-09-06 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Auto focus, auto focus within regions, and auto placement of beamformed microphone lobes with inhibition functionality
US11445294B2 (en) 2019-05-23 2022-09-13 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Steerable speaker array, system, and method for the same
US11477327B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2022-10-18 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Post-mixing acoustic echo cancellation systems and methods
US11523212B2 (en) 2018-06-01 2022-12-06 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Pattern-forming microphone array
US11552611B2 (en) 2020-02-07 2023-01-10 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. System and method for automatic adjustment of reference gain
US11558693B2 (en) 2019-03-21 2023-01-17 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Auto focus, auto focus within regions, and auto placement of beamformed microphone lobes with inhibition and voice activity detection functionality
US11678109B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2023-06-13 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Offset cartridge microphones
US11706562B2 (en) 2020-05-29 2023-07-18 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Transducer steering and configuration systems and methods using a local positioning system
US11785380B2 (en) 2021-01-28 2023-10-10 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Hybrid audio beamforming system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0727715Y2 (ja) * 1989-02-06 1995-06-21 株式会社東芝 ハンドセット

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US2252846A (en) * 1938-09-30 1941-08-19 Associated Electric Lab Inc Acoustic device
AT164714B (de) * 1946-03-12 1949-12-10 Goerike Rudolf Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung der Frequenzcharakteristik von elektroakustischen Wandlern
US2515031A (en) * 1948-03-31 1950-07-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microphone having controllable directional response pattern
US2627558A (en) * 1946-07-22 1953-02-03 Electro Voice Unidirectional microphone
US2699473A (en) * 1950-11-13 1955-01-11 Rca Corp Pressure gradient responsive microphone
AT186689B (de) * 1954-11-22 1956-09-10 Henry Radio Heinrich & Co Tauchspulenmikrophon
AT190988B (de) * 1956-02-09 1957-07-25 Henry Radio Heinrich & Co Tauchspulenmikrophon
US2852620A (en) * 1954-08-13 1958-09-16 Schoeps Karl Adjustable condenser microphone
US2865464A (en) * 1954-08-07 1958-12-23 Gorike Rudolf Unidirectional dynamic microphone
US2920140A (en) * 1958-03-14 1960-01-05 Rca Corp Electrostatic microphone circuits
CA599289A (en) * 1960-06-07 M. Wiggins Alpha Unidirectional microphone
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CA599289A (en) * 1960-06-07 M. Wiggins Alpha Unidirectional microphone
US2252846A (en) * 1938-09-30 1941-08-19 Associated Electric Lab Inc Acoustic device
AT164714B (de) * 1946-03-12 1949-12-10 Goerike Rudolf Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung der Frequenzcharakteristik von elektroakustischen Wandlern
US2627558A (en) * 1946-07-22 1953-02-03 Electro Voice Unidirectional microphone
US2515031A (en) * 1948-03-31 1950-07-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microphone having controllable directional response pattern
US2699473A (en) * 1950-11-13 1955-01-11 Rca Corp Pressure gradient responsive microphone
US2865464A (en) * 1954-08-07 1958-12-23 Gorike Rudolf Unidirectional dynamic microphone
US2852620A (en) * 1954-08-13 1958-09-16 Schoeps Karl Adjustable condenser microphone
AT186689B (de) * 1954-11-22 1956-09-10 Henry Radio Heinrich & Co Tauchspulenmikrophon
AT190988B (de) * 1956-02-09 1957-07-25 Henry Radio Heinrich & Co Tauchspulenmikrophon
US2957954A (en) * 1957-03-07 1960-10-25 Turner Company Microphone
US2920140A (en) * 1958-03-14 1960-01-05 Rca Corp Electrostatic microphone circuits

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3585317A (en) * 1968-01-04 1971-06-15 Astatic Corp Cardioid microphone
US3651286A (en) * 1969-01-13 1972-03-21 Akg Akustische Kino Geraete Lavalier microphone assembly protected against friction noises
US3790724A (en) * 1971-04-14 1974-02-05 Philips Corp Electromagnetic microphone including at least one acoustic resistance
US3777079A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-12-04 Willco Gmbh Directional microphone for head mounted midget hearing aids
US3940575A (en) * 1975-03-03 1976-02-24 Cbs Inc. Directional microphone
US4038502A (en) * 1975-03-19 1977-07-26 Motorola, Inc. Acoustic coupling structure for microphone
US4199667A (en) * 1977-05-26 1980-04-22 Akg Akustische U. Kino-Gerate Gesellschaft M.B.H. Microphone having means for suppressing structure-borne sounds
US4410770A (en) * 1981-06-08 1983-10-18 Electro-Voice, Incorporated Directional microphone
US4637489A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-01-20 Nippon Chem-Con Corp. Electroacoustic transducer
US4648480A (en) * 1984-09-10 1987-03-10 Doryokuro Kakunenryo Kaihatsu Jigyodan Condenser microphone having resistance against high-temperature and radioactive rays
US4694499A (en) * 1985-02-13 1987-09-15 Crown International, Inc. Directional microphone with acoustic washer
US20100189299A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-29 John Grant Microphone
US8116499B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2012-02-14 John Grant Microphone adaptor for altering the geometry of a microphone without altering its frequency response characteristics
US11310592B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2022-04-19 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Array microphone system and method of assembling the same
US11678109B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2023-06-13 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Offset cartridge microphones
US11832053B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2023-11-28 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Array microphone system and method of assembling the same
US11477327B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2022-10-18 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Post-mixing acoustic echo cancellation systems and methods
US11523212B2 (en) 2018-06-01 2022-12-06 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Pattern-forming microphone array
US11800281B2 (en) 2018-06-01 2023-10-24 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Pattern-forming microphone array
US11770650B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2023-09-26 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Endfire linear array microphone
US11297423B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2022-04-05 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Endfire linear array microphone
US11310596B2 (en) 2018-09-20 2022-04-19 Shure Acquisition Holdings, Inc. Adjustable lobe shape for array microphones
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GB1011871A (en) 1965-12-01
DE1412953A1 (de) 1968-10-17

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