US3233596A - Boiler system with spheroidal combustion chamber for liquid and gaseous fuels - Google Patents
Boiler system with spheroidal combustion chamber for liquid and gaseous fuels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3233596A US3233596A US261125A US26112563A US3233596A US 3233596 A US3233596 A US 3233596A US 261125 A US261125 A US 261125A US 26112563 A US26112563 A US 26112563A US 3233596 A US3233596 A US 3233596A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- boiler
- flue
- chamber
- outlet passage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
- F24H9/001—Guiding means
- F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B13/00—Steam boilers of fire-box type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed in a chamber or fire-box with subsequent flue(s) or fire tube(s), both chamber or fire-box and flues or fire tubes being built-in in the boiler body
- F22B13/005—Steam boilers of fire-box type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed in a chamber or fire-box with subsequent flue(s) or fire tube(s), both chamber or fire-box and flues or fire tubes being built-in in the boiler body with flues, other than fire tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B7/00—Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
- F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
- F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
- F24H1/282—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with flue gas passages built-up by coaxial water mantles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to boilers fired with liquid or gaseous fuels to heat water or other heatcarrying media. More specifically, this invention is concerned with the special design of a combustion chamber and the lines connected thereto.
- boilers have been provided with a cylindrical or conical combustion chamber of the reversing type, which operates on the so-called three-flue principle, with the third flue arranged either helically or parallel to the boiler axis.
- Still another object of the invention is to increase the range of capacity of a boiler.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a boiler of such a configuration as to achieve optimum flow conditions thereby reducing the pressure drops of the flue gases to a minimum.
- the boiler according to the invention is provided with a combustion chamber of spheroidal shape. At one end of the chamber a burner is disposed, whose nozzle points toward the inside of the chamber, while at the opposite end an outlet passage is provided, which has a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the combustion chamber.
- the outlet passage is in communication with a deflection chamber, whose configuration insures optimum flow condition.
- the deflection chamber passes 3,233,596 Patented Feb. 8, 1966 over into at least one cylindrical flue surrounding the combustion chamber. In this flue, stabilizing members are provided, whose purpose is to stabilize the turbulence of the line gases passing therethrough.
- the approximate ball shape of the combustion chamber insures a large chamber volume, at the same time minimizing the surface area, that is, the size of the chamber walls whereby under extremely heavy load conditions the combustion and the thermal effect on the chamber walls will be most favorable. As a result, the heat transfer inside the combustion chamber is greatly improved.
- the flues communicating with the deflection chamber similar results will be obtained by the acceleration of the flue gases, as they leave the combustion chamber through a constricted outlet passage and impinge upon a wall whereby they are deflected and a heavy turbulence is produced.
- the gases Prior to entering the flue, the gases are accelerated anew such that there is a turbulence throughout the annular flue gas chamber. This effect is achieved by proper calculation of the cross-sectional area of the annular chamber.
- stabilizing members are inserted in the flues communicating with the deflection chamber.
- the purpose of these stabilizing members or plates is to maintain the turbulence of the flue gases and to permit the time during which the flue gases reside in the flues to be adjusted.
- Such an adjustment of the dwelling time has the advantage that the range of capacity of a standard boiler type can be considerably increased at about the same constant flue gas temperature, but without a change in the heating surface.
- the stabilizing plates permit the resistance to the flow to be adjusted to any particular furnace-heat capacity.
- stabilizing plates are that they cause a certain predetermined pressure to be generated in the combustion chamber, which promotes the optimum combustion of the fuel, at the same time insuring that the amount of flue gases passing through the succeeding flues remain substantially constant.
- a further advantage of the adjustability of the boiler capacity is that the boiler can be adjusted so that it will operate satisfactorily both in winter and summer.
- a flue-gas bypass is preferably provided in the boiler which, at the instant of ignition, insures that the pressure gradient between the combustion chamber and the boiler outlet is quickly balanced.
- the size or the bypass is such that only a negligible amount of flue gases can leave the boiler therethrough.
- a boiler incorporating the features enumerated hereinbefore can also be equipped with a continuous flow heater or a hot-water tank directly attached to the boiler.
- the continuous flow heater or the hot-water tank will be heated by the heat-carrying medium.
- means are provided which permit the boiler to be slightly lifted toward its water outlet.
- FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view of a boiler according to the invention, taken along line II in FIG. 2;
- FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the boiler in FIG. 1, taken along line IIII in FIG. 1;
- FIGURE 3 shows another embodiment of the invention with two flue-gas escape channels
- FIGURE 4 shows one arrangement of stabilizing members in the boilers of FIGS. 1 and 3;
- FIGURE 5 shows another arrangement of stabilizing members.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a shell 20 filled with water 21 in which the heating elements of the boiler are immersed.
- the elements include a combustion chamber 1 of spheroidal shape.
- a burner 2 is provided at one end of the combustion chamber 1, in such a manner that its nozzle or orifice points into the inside of chamber 1.
- Combustion chamber 1 is completely enclosed by a water jacket 3.
- the orifice of an outlet passage 4 is provided at the diametrically Opposite end of chamher 1, the orifice of an outlet passage 4 is provided.
- the passage 4 is in communication with a deflection chamber 5, which, in turn is enclosed by water jackets 3 and 6.
- a flue 7 is provided which communicates with deflection cham ber 5.
- Flue 7 accommodates stabilizing members 3 which are arranged around the entire water jacket 3 and whose purpose is to maintain constant turbulent flow of the flue gases.
- Each stabilizing plate 8 has the shape of a segment of a flat ring and is held in place by securing or connecting rods 9, whereby a rigid plate structure is formed. As shown in F163. 4 and 5, the segments 8 may be inter connected in different ways.
- Water jackets 3 and 6 are connected by water-bearing channels 11, 11', while combustion chamber 1 directly communicates with flue 7 via a bypass 10.
- the boiler shell 20 is also provided in a conventional manner with a hot water outlet 12 and a reflux connection or Water feed inlet 13. Moreover, ad justing means 14 are provided, which serve to slightly tiit FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention.
- the structure of the boiler shown in FIG. 3 is similar to that of the boiler illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, except that deflection chamber 5 connects the combustion chamber with two coaxial flues 7'.
- deflection chamber 5 connects the combustion chamber with two coaxial flues 7'.
- ribs 17 are provided at the rear of the boiler.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has the advantage that with an optimum utilization of the flue gases the external dimensions of the boiler are extremely small.
- the burner flame extends into the combustion chamber 1, which latter insures optimum combustion because of its spheroidal shape.
- the flue gases are partly deflected so that incompletely burned particles of the fuel will be returned to the fire zone.
- the flue gases After leaving the combustion chamber 1 through the restricted outlet passage 4, the flue gases enter the deflection chamber 5 where they impinge upon a wall 5", whereby they are deflected. This deflection is accompanied by a heavy turbulence.
- turbulent flow of the flue gases is further maintained by acceleration, as the gases enter the tides, and by the stabilizing segments 8 mounted inside the fiues 7, '7.
- a boiler shell heated by the combustion of liquid and gaseous fuels
- a boiler shell and a system of heating elements in said shell, said system including a combustion chamber of substantially spheroidal shape, a burner, an outlet passage, said burner and said outlet passage respectively having orifices in diametrically opposite portions of said combustion chamber, said orifice of said outlet pasage having a cross-sectional area substantially smaller than that of said combustion chamber, a deflection chamber communicating with said outlet passage, a flue extending around said combustion chamber and communicating with said deflection chamber, and a plurality of stabilizing members mounted in said flue to maintain turbulent flow of flue gases therethrough.
- a by-pass conduit connecting the combustion chamber and said flue, said conduit having an orifice in a portion of said combustion chamber adjacent the orifice of said burner and remote from the orifice of said outlet passage.
- a boiler shell in a boiler heated by the combustion of liquid and gaseous fuels, a boiler shell; a system of heating elements in said shell, said system including a combustion chamber of substantially spheroidal shape, a burner, an outlet passage, said burner and said outlet passage respectively having orifices in diametrically opposite portions of said combustion chamber, said orifice of said outlet passage having a cross-sectional area substantially smaller than that of said combustion chamber, a deflection chamber communicating with said outlet passage, at least one cylindrical flue extending around said combustion chamber and communicating with said deflection chamber, a plurality of stabilizing members mounted in said cylindrical flue to maintain turbulent flow of flue gases therethrough; and a continuous flow heater in said shell and outside said system of heating elements.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEV22114A DE1229268B (de) | 1962-03-01 | 1962-03-01 | Heizkessel zum Verfeuern von fluessigen oder gasfoermigen Brennstoffen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3233596A true US3233596A (en) | 1966-02-08 |
Family
ID=7579634
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US261125A Expired - Lifetime US3233596A (en) | 1962-03-01 | 1963-02-26 | Boiler system with spheroidal combustion chamber for liquid and gaseous fuels |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3233596A (de) |
AT (1) | AT238412B (de) |
CH (1) | CH401413A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1229268B (de) |
GB (1) | GB993330A (de) |
LU (1) | LU43224A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3683867A (en) * | 1969-12-27 | 1972-08-15 | Hans Viessmann | Boiler |
US4407235A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-04 | Deng Shye Yih | Safety boiler with high efficiency |
US4409926A (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1983-10-18 | Vosper Thornycroft Limited | Horizontal sheel boiler |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4400481A1 (de) * | 1994-01-11 | 1995-07-13 | Gerhard Christian Di Rambacher | Heizkessel |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US935759A (en) * | 1906-08-27 | 1909-10-05 | Allen Gardiner Ingalls | Furnace. |
FR787261A (fr) * | 1934-06-15 | 1935-09-19 | Usines Lobstein | Perfectionnements aux chaudières à lames de fumée et à lames d'eau |
US2040951A (en) * | 1931-05-20 | 1936-05-19 | Cons Car Heating Co Inc | Motor resistance heater |
US2232546A (en) * | 1939-02-06 | 1941-02-18 | Watson Water Tube Boiler Compa | Internally fired water tube type boiler |
FR55950E (fr) * | 1945-03-03 | 1952-09-09 | Ile D Etudes Thermo Mecaniques | Chaudière à vapeur alimentée en gaz comburant à pression élevée |
FR57328E (fr) * | 1948-02-07 | 1953-01-02 | Const Mecano Thermiques Soc D | Appareil pour la vaporisation des liquides |
US2715390A (en) * | 1950-07-18 | 1955-08-16 | Tenney | Resonant intermittent combustion heater and system |
US2753390A (en) * | 1952-02-18 | 1956-07-03 | Ace Engineeriag & Machine Co I | Radio shielded enclosures |
US2761430A (en) * | 1952-09-22 | 1956-09-04 | Frank W Schaefer | Boiler mounting |
US3007457A (en) * | 1958-01-27 | 1961-11-07 | Ospelt Gustav | Heating boiler |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE350099C (de) * | 1919-12-14 | 1922-03-14 | Huettenwerke A G | Brenner fuer Gasfeuerungen |
US2552044A (en) * | 1945-09-24 | 1951-05-08 | Comb Eng Superheater Inc | Directly fired waste-heat boiler |
US2674981A (en) * | 1948-04-28 | 1954-04-13 | Vapor Heating Corp | Heat generator |
CH282664A (de) * | 1950-10-20 | 1952-05-15 | Huber Rudolf | Heizkessel. |
-
1962
- 1962-03-01 DE DEV22114A patent/DE1229268B/de active Pending
-
1963
- 1963-02-18 CH CH200863A patent/CH401413A/de unknown
- 1963-02-18 AT AT121763A patent/AT238412B/de active
- 1963-02-19 LU LU43224D patent/LU43224A1/xx unknown
- 1963-02-21 GB GB7009/63A patent/GB993330A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-02-26 US US261125A patent/US3233596A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US935759A (en) * | 1906-08-27 | 1909-10-05 | Allen Gardiner Ingalls | Furnace. |
US2040951A (en) * | 1931-05-20 | 1936-05-19 | Cons Car Heating Co Inc | Motor resistance heater |
FR787261A (fr) * | 1934-06-15 | 1935-09-19 | Usines Lobstein | Perfectionnements aux chaudières à lames de fumée et à lames d'eau |
US2232546A (en) * | 1939-02-06 | 1941-02-18 | Watson Water Tube Boiler Compa | Internally fired water tube type boiler |
FR55950E (fr) * | 1945-03-03 | 1952-09-09 | Ile D Etudes Thermo Mecaniques | Chaudière à vapeur alimentée en gaz comburant à pression élevée |
FR57328E (fr) * | 1948-02-07 | 1953-01-02 | Const Mecano Thermiques Soc D | Appareil pour la vaporisation des liquides |
US2715390A (en) * | 1950-07-18 | 1955-08-16 | Tenney | Resonant intermittent combustion heater and system |
US2753390A (en) * | 1952-02-18 | 1956-07-03 | Ace Engineeriag & Machine Co I | Radio shielded enclosures |
US2761430A (en) * | 1952-09-22 | 1956-09-04 | Frank W Schaefer | Boiler mounting |
US3007457A (en) * | 1958-01-27 | 1961-11-07 | Ospelt Gustav | Heating boiler |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3683867A (en) * | 1969-12-27 | 1972-08-15 | Hans Viessmann | Boiler |
US4409926A (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1983-10-18 | Vosper Thornycroft Limited | Horizontal sheel boiler |
US4407235A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-04 | Deng Shye Yih | Safety boiler with high efficiency |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT238412B (de) | 1965-02-10 |
DE1229268B (de) | 1966-11-24 |
LU43224A1 (de) | 1963-04-19 |
CH401413A (de) | 1965-10-31 |
GB993330A (en) | 1965-05-26 |
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