US3219421A - Tube for use in diagnostic and therapy control - Google Patents

Tube for use in diagnostic and therapy control Download PDF

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Publication number
US3219421A
US3219421A US426095A US42609565A US3219421A US 3219421 A US3219421 A US 3219421A US 426095 A US426095 A US 426095A US 42609565 A US42609565 A US 42609565A US 3219421 A US3219421 A US 3219421A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
strip
liquid
open end
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US426095A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Robert Schwarz
Helmut G Tietje
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB1054350D priority Critical patent/GB1054350A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US426095A priority patent/US3219421A/en
Priority to FR39316A priority patent/FR1466401A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3219421A publication Critical patent/US3219421A/en
Priority to DK20766AA priority patent/DK113312B/da
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5082—Test tubes per se

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved tube construction for diagnostic and therapy control applications, and more particularly, to a tube of this nature facilitating the expeditious identification of the tube contents.
  • samples of materials to be tested are frequently placed in tubes, vials or similar vessels and receptacles,
  • various controls and reagents are similarly contained as part of the diagnosis and particular therapy under consideration.
  • the particular tube contents may then be placed through at least one of a series of tests and may even have samples thereof extracted or aspirated and mixed as part of the test procedure.
  • the tubes are not properly identified, their contents and the samples thereof may not be properly employed, thereby enhancing the possibility of obtaining erroneous test results.
  • the consequences could be extremely confusing, if not damaging and detrimental.
  • the tubes may be utilized in prothrombin and coagulation time determinations wherein standardized and stabilized chemical reagents are placed in such tubes and heated to selected operating temperatures, approximately that of the normal human body.
  • the quantity of reagent is ordinarily fixed for proper time determinations.
  • Control plasma of predetermined quantity also in such tubes, is then dispensed in one of the tubes containing a reagent.
  • a probe either manually or automatically operated, is then inserted and withdrawn from this tube for purposes of sensing the initial clot formation. The same procedure is followed utilizing a controlled amount of patients plasma.
  • the prothrombin times are read and recorded.
  • the present invention contemplates essentially a tube of standard volumetric capacity closed at one end and open at the other.
  • a radial flange extends integrally from the open end of the tube and is so constructed and arranged to provide a relatively enlarged surface area. This area is so conditioned to permit the reception of the desired indicia.
  • the tube and its ultimate contents are most expeditiously identified; and their possible erroneous use and misapplication of test samples of the tube contents effectively minimized, if not eliminated.
  • tube dimensioning and materials for tube fabrication are selected to assure accurate prothrombin time determinations because of optimum volumetric control and heat transfer.
  • FIG. 1 is a top perspective View of the tube embodying the teachings of the present invention shown associated with another identical tube both of which are mounted in a heating block fragmentarily illustrated;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged top plan view thereof.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 33 of FIG. 2.
  • a tube 10 of any desired volumetric capacity will be formed with the usual cylindrical side wall 12 having a bottom closed end 14 and opened upper end 16.
  • the materials utilized in fabricating the tube 10 may be any one of a number of resins or plastics possessing characteristics and properties desirable for the selected tube applications and uses.
  • the tube 10 is preferably of a disposable nature such that, after a particular single use, it may be discarded thereby eliminating the need for cleansing and sterilization. It should be understood, however, that materials lending themselves to permanent use and the various sterilization techniques are also embraced by this invention. A successful and somewhat preferable application of this invention embraces those dimensions and materials specifically set forth below.
  • the tube 10 is formed with a flange 18 extending radially outwardly from the open end 16.
  • This flange is advantageously enlarged to provide an elongated radial strip 20 having an enlarged upper face 22.
  • the desired indicia can be conveniently placed on this surface so that it can be readily viewed.
  • the top face 22 may be defined by a pair of spaced and substantially parallel side edges 24 and 26 extending tangentially from the periphery 28 of flange 18.
  • the terminal ends of the periphery edges 24 and 26 are connected by an annular side edge 30 to provide the top of the tube 10 with a somewhat symmetrical appearance.
  • the upper face 22 of the strip 20 will provide suflicient area for the reception of the selected indicia.
  • a zone 32 of the upper face may be treated either chemically or mechanically to provide a roughened surface on which writing may be inscribed as, for example, with an ordinary pencil or pen.
  • the zone 32 for writing may be the result of the molding process employed. It has been found that satisfactory results are obtainable by providing zone 32 with the desired properties and characteristics through frosting, sand blasting and the like techniques. In any event,
  • the zone 32 may be defined by a pair of spaced and parallel edges 34 and 36 extending tangentially from the inner face of the top end 16.
  • the edge 30 of the strip 20 may define the remaining side of the zone 32.
  • the desired indicia which may be inscribed, marked or in any other discernable media readilyidentifiable, need only be placed or written on the upper face 22 of the strip 20.
  • an adhesively coated strip or tape can be applied to the upper face 22 and bear the desired data.
  • other data can be similarly placed or written from time to time in lieu of or in addition to the original.
  • the strip does not detrimentally affect the handling of the tube 10, nor render it cumbersome in filling or removing any of the tube contents.
  • provisions for the strip 20 in accordance with the present invention eliminates marking of the body 12 of the tube 10 with either written material or adhesively backed tape. Under such circumstances,
  • the tube contents would from time to time be hidden from view and certainly not be clearly viewable through the entire length of the tube. Tape would also interfere with fit in heating block which would interfere with heat transmission and might make insertion impossible or might prevent seating which is required for automatic determination of prothrombin time, for example.
  • the length of strip 20 should be sufliciently long to permit manual gripping thereof as well as adequate room for labelling; and the strip should not be unduly lengthened thereby resulting in occlusion of the openings of adjacent tubes or prevention of seating of the subject tube or prevention of insertion of adjacent tubes.
  • the thickness of the side wall 12 should be selected to avoid providing undesirable flexibility; and the thickness should not be increased beyond that point at which heat conduction therethrough will be decreasedsignificantly thereby resulting in inconveniently long solution warm-up times.
  • the outer diameter of the tube side wall 12, together with that of the bottom closed end 14, should be selected such that it is not too large thereby making proper seating of the tube in the well of a heating block, for example, extremely difiicult if not impossible; and if this outer diameter is too small, particularly in relation to this well, proper heat transmission into the tube contents will be detrimentally affected.
  • the outer surface of the side wall 12 and closed bottom end 14 should be sufficiently smooth to insure adequate heat transmission from well to tube; and the inner surface should 'be smooth to insure that the tube contents are adequately mixed.
  • a preferred material from which the tube of this invention is fabricated because of its superior dimensional suitability and optimum heat transfer characteristics is high density polyethylene.
  • this material provided for heat transmission through the tube from the well to the tube contents in a minimum period of time.
  • tube shrinkage was significantly minimized, if not eliminated, and acceptable matching or meeting relationship between tube and well was attained in substantially all instances. Consequently, errors in prothrombin time determinations were reduced.
  • a disposable tube having ability for obtaining optimum liquid level and heat transfer characteristics and being of standard volumetric capacity for containing a liquid sample in the order of tenths of a milliliter for use in diagnostic and therapy control in prothrombin time determinations made in a coagulation timer which are carried out at body temperatures within said tube, said tube being formed of molded synthetic resin suitable for coagulation tests and having suitable heat transfer characteristics, said tube having an open top end and a closed bottom end, the tube having a circular cross section substantially throughout its length, the interior and exterior surfaces of the tube being substantially smooth, the length of said tube being larger than its internal diameter and the closed bottom of said tube being hemispherical in configuration, the open end of said tube being provided with a flange extending radially outwardly of the tube, said flange having a substantially semi-circular peripheral edge, a strip projecting radially from the tube open end in the form of an integral extension for permitting manual holding of the tube, said strip having a pair of spaced side edges extending substantially tangential
  • the resin and thickness being selected such that the tube is provided with minimum flexibility and maintains its shape under test conditions at approximately body temperatures and provides suitable heat conductivity during warmup of the liquid contents of the tube and during the coagulation tests, the inner radius of the tube permitting vertical manipulation of a probe into and out of the liquid so as to sense a clot, the tube tapering outwardly from the closed end to the open end, the tapering and the outer radius of the tube being selected to provide op timum contact with the heat source.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
US426095A 1965-01-18 1965-01-18 Tube for use in diagnostic and therapy control Expired - Lifetime US3219421A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1054350D GB1054350A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-01-18
US426095A US3219421A (en) 1965-01-18 1965-01-18 Tube for use in diagnostic and therapy control
FR39316A FR1466401A (fr) 1965-01-18 1965-11-22 Tubes pour contrôles de diagnostic et de thérapeutique
DK20766AA DK113312B (da) 1965-01-18 1966-01-14 Rørformet beholder af støbt formstof til anvendelse ved diagnostisk og terapeutisk kontrol.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US426095A US3219421A (en) 1965-01-18 1965-01-18 Tube for use in diagnostic and therapy control

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3219421A true US3219421A (en) 1965-11-23

Family

ID=23689262

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US426095A Expired - Lifetime US3219421A (en) 1965-01-18 1965-01-18 Tube for use in diagnostic and therapy control

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3219421A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK113312B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1466401A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1054350A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540856A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-11-17 Beckman Instruments Inc Sample capsule and filtering mechanism
US3607134A (en) * 1968-10-02 1971-09-21 Delbert D Mcintyre Sample holder for maintaining blood samples at a preselected temperature
US3712465A (en) * 1970-11-24 1973-01-23 Sherwood Medical Ind Inc Tray for use in sealing capillary tubes
USD247578S (en) 1976-03-11 1978-03-21 Sponseller Harold D Micro reaction vial
US4218534A (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-08-19 Dairyland Food Laboratories, Inc. Phage detection
US4472357A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-09-18 Medical Laboratory Automation, Inc. Blood bank cuvette cassette and label therefor
USD310265S (en) 1987-09-21 1990-08-28 Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc. Immunoassay test kit
US5017342A (en) * 1988-06-01 1991-05-21 Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc. Device for immunoassay determinations
US5504007A (en) * 1989-05-19 1996-04-02 Becton, Dickinson And Company Rapid thermal cycle apparatus
US5602037A (en) * 1994-06-30 1997-02-11 Dade International, Inc. Combination reagent holding and test device
US5854076A (en) * 1994-06-30 1998-12-29 Dade International Inc. Method for testing coagulation of blood through bioactive porous partition members
US5888826A (en) * 1994-06-30 1999-03-30 Dade Behring Inc. Combination reagent holding and test device
US5958716A (en) * 1996-06-06 1999-09-28 Dade Behring Inc. Blood factor assay
US20020114741A1 (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-08-22 Brandeis University Adhesive label for microcentrifuge tube

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2346261A (en) * 1940-09-28 1944-04-11 Miles Lab Titration reaction vessel
US2837055A (en) * 1954-12-09 1958-06-03 Technicon International Ltd Tissue-holder receptacles
US3068855A (en) * 1957-04-29 1962-12-18 Jr Norman B Furlong Disposable blood-gas analyzer
US3071316A (en) * 1959-05-19 1963-01-01 Lourdes Instr Corp Bottle support and cap assembly for centrifuge
US3115460A (en) * 1960-04-28 1963-12-24 Lab Tek Plastics Co Centrifuge container

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2346261A (en) * 1940-09-28 1944-04-11 Miles Lab Titration reaction vessel
US2837055A (en) * 1954-12-09 1958-06-03 Technicon International Ltd Tissue-holder receptacles
US3068855A (en) * 1957-04-29 1962-12-18 Jr Norman B Furlong Disposable blood-gas analyzer
US3071316A (en) * 1959-05-19 1963-01-01 Lourdes Instr Corp Bottle support and cap assembly for centrifuge
US3115460A (en) * 1960-04-28 1963-12-24 Lab Tek Plastics Co Centrifuge container

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540856A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-11-17 Beckman Instruments Inc Sample capsule and filtering mechanism
US3607134A (en) * 1968-10-02 1971-09-21 Delbert D Mcintyre Sample holder for maintaining blood samples at a preselected temperature
US3712465A (en) * 1970-11-24 1973-01-23 Sherwood Medical Ind Inc Tray for use in sealing capillary tubes
USD247578S (en) 1976-03-11 1978-03-21 Sponseller Harold D Micro reaction vial
US4218534A (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-08-19 Dairyland Food Laboratories, Inc. Phage detection
US4472357A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-09-18 Medical Laboratory Automation, Inc. Blood bank cuvette cassette and label therefor
USD310265S (en) 1987-09-21 1990-08-28 Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc. Immunoassay test kit
US5017342A (en) * 1988-06-01 1991-05-21 Ortho Diagnostic Systems Inc. Device for immunoassay determinations
US5504007A (en) * 1989-05-19 1996-04-02 Becton, Dickinson And Company Rapid thermal cycle apparatus
US5602037A (en) * 1994-06-30 1997-02-11 Dade International, Inc. Combination reagent holding and test device
US5854076A (en) * 1994-06-30 1998-12-29 Dade International Inc. Method for testing coagulation of blood through bioactive porous partition members
US5888826A (en) * 1994-06-30 1999-03-30 Dade Behring Inc. Combination reagent holding and test device
US6702987B1 (en) 1994-06-30 2004-03-09 Dade Behring Inc. Bioactive porous partition members
US5958716A (en) * 1996-06-06 1999-09-28 Dade Behring Inc. Blood factor assay
US20020114741A1 (en) * 2001-02-16 2002-08-22 Brandeis University Adhesive label for microcentrifuge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1054350A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR1466401A (fr) 1967-01-20
DK113312B (da) 1969-03-10

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