US3214600A - Integrating amplifier circuit using an apertured square loop magnetic core - Google Patents
Integrating amplifier circuit using an apertured square loop magnetic core Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3214600A US3214600A US122868A US12286861A US3214600A US 3214600 A US3214600 A US 3214600A US 122868 A US122868 A US 122868A US 12286861 A US12286861 A US 12286861A US 3214600 A US3214600 A US 3214600A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- windings
- transfluxor
- over
- amplifier circuit
- load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06G—ANALOGUE COMPUTERS
- G06G7/00—Devices in which the computing operation is performed by varying electric or magnetic quantities
- G06G7/12—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers
- G06G7/18—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers for integration or differentiation; for forming integrals
- G06G7/182—Arrangements for performing computing operations, e.g. operational amplifiers for integration or differentiation; for forming integrals using magnetic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/80—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using non-linear magnetic devices; using non-linear dielectric devices
- H03K17/82—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using non-linear magnetic devices; using non-linear dielectric devices the devices being transfluxors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/45—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of non-linear magnetic or dielectric devices
- H03K3/51—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of non-linear magnetic or dielectric devices the devices being multi-aperture magnetic cores, e.g. transfluxors
Definitions
- This invention is concerned with an integrating amplifier circuit using a square'loop magnetic core with at least two apertures, constituting a switching member which has become known under the trade names Transfluxor or Magnistor.
- a switching member may also be described as a controllable six terminal device with storage properties.
- the transmission value between a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals can be selectively altered by impulse-wise triggering, the Transfluxor retaining thereby the adjusted transmission characteristics based upon its storage property.
- the Transfluxor or Magnistor is a ring core made of a material with at least approximately rectangular hysteresis loop, having at least two apertures, whereby the flux which is operatively effective in one region of the ring core is subdivided into two partial fluxes.
- This region which embraces one aperture, will be'herei'nafter referred to as initial aperture (controlled circuit).
- the device can be adjusted, by partial setting of the flux in the input circuit or in the control circuit, so that the inductivity and opposing inductivity, respectively, of the windings which are over this ap'erturelinked with the core, assume different values, whereby the values which have once been adjusted are retained by the action of the remanence of the magnet core.
- the magnetization direction for example, in clockwise direction of a ring shaped Transfluxor
- a magnetization in opposite direction which generally must not occupy more than one-half of the cross-sectional areaof the device, is designated as adjusting or setting direction.
- such a device operates as an integrating amplifier, since a conditionthat has once been set or adjusted, and which corresponds to the time integral of the pulses used for the setting, remains preserved for a desired length of time, whereby the setting or adjustment is in appropriate manner supplemented by a successive pulse.
- FIG. 1 shows a customary Transfiuxor T in a known circuit
- FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention
- FIG. 3 represents an impulse diagram as an aid to ex-' plain conditions in a partially adjusted Tran'sfluxor
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the impulse source is electrically separated from the load circuit.
- the customary Transfluxor T shown in FIG. 1 in a known circuit, illustrates the problemsinvolved.
- the Transfluxor T has a relatively large input aperture and a smaller output aperture.
- the input aperture is linked with the input winding N1.
- Upon the leg lying at the right of the output aperture are provided two power transmission windings N2 and N3.
- Over the winding N3 is supplied an alternating current which is by the inductive coupling over the winding N2 conducted to the load resistor Ra; The current thus supplied is limited by aresistor R3.
- the adjusting flux is proportional to u di, wherein u; is the input voltage at the Winding N1
- u is the input voltage at the Winding N1
- the output power P2 is proportional to the adjusting flux P 2ju dt
- the output power is limited by the fact that an alternating current is conducted to the winding N3, such cur-rent acting on the one hand in blocking direction and on the other hand in the adjusting direction of the magnetic field.
- at least one of the half waves of the alternating current supplied over the winding N3, must be limited as toarnplitude so that erroneous adjustment is reliably prevented.
- the invention is concerned with an amplifier circuit including a Transfluxor or Magnistor in which the output power can be very much increased; t
- the circuit according to the present invention provides't for taking off the output powerover two windings" arranged diam etrically upon the legs of the p'owervtransmiss'ion or output aperture, such windings becoming alternatively effective with each ha'lf wave of a feed current, preferably over a rectifier circuit, whereby the: polarity conducted to the individual windings, and the sense of winding direction thereof, are mutually matched so that there is produced a resultant field extending always in the direction of the flux which is operative to block the Transfluxor.
- the output power is accordingly not conducted to the output aperture over one leg thereof, as in the known circuits, but the alternating current power which is conducted to the load, preferably over a rectifier circuit, is separated according to its polarities, and the two possible polarities are conducted over the two legs of the Transfluxor, whereby the polarity and the sense of winding direction are for each leg selected so that only one flux change is always produced in the direction of the fluxes which act to block the Transfluxor. This avoids reliably the danger that the Transfluxor may be additionally set or adjusted by individual half waves of the alternating current conducted to the load.
- two phase shifted pulse sequences of unipolar pulses are as alternating control current conducted to the load over the two legs of the output aperture, whereby the two pulse sequences are preferably phase shifted by 180.
- Maximum power can be conducted to the load when the frequency of the carrier generator is tuned so that the reverse magnetization about the output aperture is in the fully adjusted condition of the Transfluxor just completed at the end of a half wave.
- FIG. 2 shows the square loop magnetic core of a Transfluxor, which is for ready comprehension conveniently represented in special rectangular configuration.
- the Transfluxor corresponds as to the number of windings and its broadly basic operation to the Transfluxor explained with reference to FIG. 1.
- the voltage a which is to be integrated is again supplied over a winding N1. With a positive sign, this voltage effects the adjustment of the Transfluxor which is initially blocked.
- windings N4 and N5. are disposed diametrically each upon a leg of the power transmission or output aperture, thus being respectively linked with different regions of the cross-sectional iron area of the Transfluxor core. These windings are circuited in series with the load Ra.
- the windings N4 and N5 are supplied with timing pulses of the identical frequency, which are mutually phase shifted. These two phases of the timing pulse are obtained from separate outputs of an impulse source I (carrier generator).
- the polarity of the pulses or of the windings N4, N5, respectively, . is such that the pulses support a flux extending in blocking direction, that is, in the illustrated example, a downwardly directed flux extending in the direction of the arrows.
- the two windings are combined at the output side.
- diodes D1 and D2 In the feed-in lines extending to the respective windings are inserted diodes D1 and D2, such diodes preventing current flow over the windings which would support the adjustment of the Transfluxor.
- Lines (a) and (b) in FIG. 3 show individual impulse voltages delivered by the impulse generator I included in FIG. 2.
- the magnetic circuit extending about the power transmitter or output aperture is by each impulse flowing through the windings N4, N5 (FIG. 2) more or less rapidly oppositely magnetized to saturation condition, minimum current flowing thereby initially and thereafter maximum current, for the duration of a feed impulse extended from the impulse source.
- the ratio of duration in time of the minimum and maximum current depends upon the degree of adjustment so that the mean value as to time, of the current depends linearly on the degree of the adjustment, that is, upon the time integral of the input voltage (see also line (c) in FIG. 3). Accordingly, a mean value will result as a load current, which corresponds to this ratio. This current in the load therefore depends upon the time integral of the input voltage.
- the integrating amplifier thus operates in stable and continuous manner, with the advantage, as compared with known integrating amplifiers constructed of Transfluxors, of producing a higher output power.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of the invention, in which the circuit supplied from the impulse source is electrically separated from the output circuit which feeds into the load.
- Two windings are for this purpose provided on each leg of the output aperture, namely, one primary winding which is supplied from the impulse source I, and one secondary winding which feeds into the load Ra.
- the diodes D3 and D4 are in this case provided in the secondary circuit for decoupling the two secondary windings.
- FIG. 4 An embodiment according to FIG. 4 is compared with an embodiment according to FIG. 2 less efficient because part of the power is consumed in the resistor R3 which would in a substitution diagram be in series with the load resistor Ra.
- the resistor R3 is however required for limiting the current taken from the generator I.
- An integrating amplifier circuit constructed with the use of a Transfluxor which is adjusted or blocked by the effect of the input voltage which is to be integrated, and over the output aperture of which is obtained the output power for connection to a load, comprising two windings, over which the output power is obtained, said windings being disposed diametrically upon the legs of the output aperture, circuit means for alternately conducting to said windings a half wave of an alternating feed current produced by an impulse source, the polarity of said feed current conducted to the respective windings being matched to the sense of direction of the windings so as to cause the field induced over such windings to act in the direction of the flux which is operative to block the Transfluxor.
- circuit means comprises rectifier means.
- alternating feed current is a current composed of two mutually phase shifted pulse sequences of identical frequency, the pulses of said sequences having a duration which corresponds to the maximum time of the opposing magnetization occurring at the output aperture, and means for extending the respective pulse sequences each over one leg of the output aperture to the load.
- alternating feed current is a current composed of two pulse sequences of identical frequency but with the pulses thereof phase shifted by the pulses of said sequences having a duration which corresponds to the maximum time of the opposing magnetization occurring at the output aperture, and means for extending the respective pulse sequences each over one leg of the output aperture to the load.
- An integrating amplifier circuit comprising, for the separation of the feed current source and the load circuit, a primary winding di-sposed upon each leg of the output aperture, means for connecting said primary windings with the impulse source, a secondary winding likewise disposed upon each leg of the output aperture, and a circuit for feeding the load from said secondary windings, said last named circuit containing rectifier means for decoupling said secondary windings.
- An integrating amplifier circuit comprising, for the separation of the feed current source and the load circuit, a primary winding disposed upon each leg of the output aperture, means for connecting said pri- 6 mary windings with the impulse source, a secondary Winding likewise disposed upon each leg of the output aperture, and a circuit for feeding the load from said secondary windings, said last named circuit containing rectifier means for-decoupling said secondary windings.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DES69291A DE1116725B (de) | 1960-07-08 | 1960-07-08 | Integrierverstaerkerschaltung unter Verwendung eines Transfluxors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3214600A true US3214600A (en) | 1965-10-26 |
Family
ID=7500881
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US122868A Expired - Lifetime US3214600A (en) | 1960-07-08 | 1961-07-10 | Integrating amplifier circuit using an apertured square loop magnetic core |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3214600A (sv) |
CH (1) | CH390993A (sv) |
DE (1) | DE1116725B (sv) |
FR (1) | FR1294560A (sv) |
GB (1) | GB978783A (sv) |
NL (1) | NL266620A (sv) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3344413A (en) * | 1963-01-04 | 1967-09-26 | Amp Inc | Magnetic core readout |
US3521253A (en) * | 1966-12-28 | 1970-07-21 | Johnson Service Co | Magnetic control device |
US3543257A (en) * | 1967-05-11 | 1970-11-24 | Nippon Electric Co | Transfluxor circuit having linear response characteristic |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1258453B (de) * | 1962-02-22 | 1968-01-11 | Licentia Gmbh | Verfahren zur Spannungs-Zeitumformung fuer Analog-Digital-Umsetzer |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2894250A (en) * | 1958-01-21 | 1959-07-07 | Robert W Rochelle | Variable frequency magnetic multivibrator |
-
0
- NL NL266620D patent/NL266620A/xx unknown
-
1960
- 1960-07-08 DE DES69291A patent/DE1116725B/de active Granted
-
1961
- 1961-06-27 CH CH752061A patent/CH390993A/de unknown
- 1961-07-08 FR FR867427A patent/FR1294560A/fr not_active Expired
- 1961-07-10 GB GB24941/61A patent/GB978783A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-07-10 US US122868A patent/US3214600A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2894250A (en) * | 1958-01-21 | 1959-07-07 | Robert W Rochelle | Variable frequency magnetic multivibrator |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3344413A (en) * | 1963-01-04 | 1967-09-26 | Amp Inc | Magnetic core readout |
US3521253A (en) * | 1966-12-28 | 1970-07-21 | Johnson Service Co | Magnetic control device |
US3543257A (en) * | 1967-05-11 | 1970-11-24 | Nippon Electric Co | Transfluxor circuit having linear response characteristic |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH390993A (de) | 1965-04-30 |
GB978783A (en) | 1964-12-23 |
DE1116725C2 (sv) | 1962-05-24 |
FR1294560A (fr) | 1962-05-26 |
DE1116725B (de) | 1961-11-09 |
NL266620A (sv) |
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