US3211098A - Cartridge for practice firing - Google Patents

Cartridge for practice firing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3211098A
US3211098A US351282A US35128264A US3211098A US 3211098 A US3211098 A US 3211098A US 351282 A US351282 A US 351282A US 35128264 A US35128264 A US 35128264A US 3211098 A US3211098 A US 3211098A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
charge
projectile
container
cartridge
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US351282A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stadler Hans
Gawlick Heinz
Stahlmann Rudolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3211098A publication Critical patent/US3211098A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F42B8/10—Cartridges with sub-calibre adaptor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/20—Mortar grenades

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cartridge for practice firing of a gun such as a mortar.
  • the cartridge of the invention comprises a projectile having a leading end and a trailing end, and an axially extending bore.
  • a signal generating charge is disposed in the bore adjacent the leading end thereof. This charge is for ignition upon impact of the projectile occurring when the projectile strikes.
  • a propelling charge adjacent the trailing end. This charge is suitable for propelling the projectile into a trajectory upon the firing of the cartridge.
  • a container is provided for the propelling charge, the container having an end wall disposed adjacent the signal charge, and side walls extending from the end wall toward the trailing end of the cartridge.
  • the container is of such size and construction that it fits loosely in the axial bore following combustion of the propelling charge so as to permit passage of signal material from the signal charge, through the axial bore toward the trailing end, upon ignition of the signal charge.
  • Radially extending openings can be provided in the sides of the projectile opposite the side walls of the propelling charge container. Such openings communicate the bore with the outside of the container for discharge of signal material from the container.
  • the projectile can include releasable retaining means which limit movement of the propelling charge container toward the trailing end of the axial bore, and means for releasing such retaining means following impact of the projectile when the projectile strikes.
  • an end cup can be positioned over the trailing end of the projectile, the cup being secured by friction to the body of the projectile, and such friction fit being of a tightness suitable to retain the cup in place on the projectile until a rearwardly directed force is impressed thereon due to ignition of the signal charge.
  • Such force can serve to release the cup from the body of the projectile.
  • the rearward force can then be utilized to force the propelling charge container rearwardly in the axial bore, whereby to expose radially extending openings in the projectile or to eject the container from the axial bore, so that the signal material may stream from the axial bore and perform its indicating function.
  • the practice shell can further include safety means for preventing accidental detonation of the signal charge.
  • the practice shell includes a casing therefor.
  • the casing has a closed end and an open end closed by the practice projectile, which is connected to the casing at the casing open end, by means which release the practice shell from the casing upon combustion of the propelling charge.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in elevation depicting a charge for practice firing according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are enlarged views of a portion of the practice shell, both views being in elevation and in cross-section, and depicting, respectively, conditions before firing and after firing.
  • a charge for practice firing includes dummy cartridge 1, which can be loaded into a weapon in the usual manner, and which is of a size equal or about equal to the size of the usual shell used in the weapon.
  • the dummy cartridge includes a body portion 1a and side wall portion 1b, threaded onto the body portion and further includes the head 10 at the leading end of the charge threaded onto the side wall portion 1b and the body portion 1a.
  • An axially extending bore 2 extends from the leading end of the dummy charge to adjacent the trailing end 1d.
  • the trailing end 1d includes an outwardly flared portion 1e and the threaded stub If.
  • a cap 3 is threaded onto the stub 11 and closes the axial bore 2.
  • the cap 3 has a small axially positioned bore hole 3a for entrance of a firing pin (not shown).
  • the cartridge 4 includes a projectile made up of warhead 5, which is formed integrally with a body 6.
  • the body 6 is provided with an axially extending bore 12 which extends from the warhead 5 rearwardly through the body.
  • a signal charge 13 Within the bore hole 12 is a signal charge 13 and a propelling charge 11.
  • the propelling charge 11 is contained in a container 16 having rearwardly extending side walls 16a.
  • the end wall of the container adjacent the signal charge 13 is thick relative to the side walls 16a of the container.
  • a retaining sleeve 19 Within the container and extending along the rearwardly extending side walls 16a thereof, is a retaining sleeve 19, and atop the retaining sleeve is a rupturable disc 20, which, upon exploding of propelling charge, is ruptured permitting gases to issue axially through the retaining sleeve to provide a rocket-like propelling action to the practice shell projectile.
  • a cap 19a retains the retaining sleeve in place in the bore hole 12.
  • the cap 19a, retaining sleeve 19, and the propelling charge container 16 are expelled from the bore hole channel 12.
  • the practice shell further includes the control surfaces 7 which are integral with a control surface sleeve 7a. The sleeve 7a fits tightly about the casing 6, so as to secure the control surface '7 in place on the projectile.
  • the projectile is contained within a casing 8.
  • the casing has an open end through which the warhead 5 projects, and it is provided with inturned bed 5a which engages a groove 5]) so as to releasably secure the projectile in the casing.
  • the closed end of the casing 9 is provided with a percussion cap 10 and flanges 10a which are received in the cap 3 in a manner so that the casing is retained in place in the bore 2 of the dummy cartridge 1 for practice firing.
  • the projectile body 6, opposite the propelling charge 11, is provided with radially extending perforations 21, which communicate the inside of the projectile bore 12 with the outside thereof.
  • the container 16 for the propelling charge is formed of a material, for example a thermoplastic material, which, upon exploding of the propeller charge, will rupture opposite the perforations 21, whereby to communicate the perforations 21 with the gases resulting from the exploding of the propelling charge. The gases are then free to issue through the perforations 21 into the cartridge 8 about the projectile 4.
  • the gases entering the cartridge through the perforations 21, and the gases issuing through the bore 18 of theretaining sleeve 19 work to release the projectile from the cartridge by rupturing the seal at the open end of the cartridge, where the inturned bead engages the projectile, and to thence expell the projectile through the charge bore 2 and shoot it into its trajectory.
  • the radially extending openings can serve as means communicating the outside and the inside of the axial bore to permit passage of signal material from the axial bore to without the projectile.
  • the container 16 following the combustion of the propelling charge fits loosely in the axial bore, so that signal material can pass to the radial openings 21 by passage between the side walls of the container and the side wall of the axial bore, or the construction can be such that upon ignition of the signal charge, the container is forced rearwardly past the radially extending openings, permitting free flow of signalling material through the radially extending bores.
  • the signal charge 13 is contained in a container 13a which is disposed in the projectile bore 12 intermediate the propelling charge and the warhead of the projectile.
  • the signal charge container 13 has a closure cup 13b sealing off the end of the container which is disposed adjacent the propelling charge 11.
  • these charges are spaced in the bore from each other and a separator sleeve 130 is interposed between them.
  • a detonator assembly 27a For detonating of the signal charge upon target impact, a detonator assembly 27a is provided.
  • the detonator assembly 27a includes the detonator assembly container 271) within which is the detonator charge 27.
  • the detonator charge is contained within a detonator charge holder 25, and the holder 25 rests on the detonator charge support 30.
  • a pin 28 is secured to the end of the container adjacent the warhead and serves to detonate the detonator charge upon target impact.
  • the detontator charge in turn sets off the signal charge 13, whereby the position of impact is indicated.
  • the support 30 is provided with the bore 30a, and the signal charge container 15 is provided with the opening 32, whereby to communicate the signal charge with the detonator charge.
  • the detonator charge assembly includes a safety device for preventing accidental detonation of the detonator charge as might be occasioned by inadvertent dropping of the practice shell.
  • the safety device includes a clamp sleeve 26 which tightly engages the detonator charge holder 25.
  • a coil spring 29 is interposed between the clamp sleeve 26 and the end of the detonator container having the detonating pin 28. The normal position of the coil spring 29 and the clamp sleeve 26 is indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the clamp sleeve Upon firing of the cartridge, however, due to the high shock upon the firing, and the inertia of the parts involved, the clamp sleeve is forced rearwardly relative to the detonator charge holder 25, so that these parts take the relative position shown in FIG. 3. Then, upon impact of the cartridge with the target (i.e. upon the projectile striking the earth at the conclusion of its trajectory), the detonator charge will move forward into engagement with the pin 28. This will effect the detonation and, in turn, the signal charge 13 will be set off.
  • the propelling charge 11 ignites. This ruptures the disc 20 and the side wall of the propelling charge container 16 opposite the perforations 21 in the projectile casing 6.
  • the side wall of the container 16 due to their elasticity and the forces involved, expand so that the container side walls tightly grip the inner surface of the bore 12. This tends to retain the container 16 in its position in the bore 12 and serves to help isolate the propelling charge from the signal charge "13.
  • the forces resulting from the exploding of the propelling charge shoot off the projectile and place it in its trajectory.
  • the container 16 of the propelling charge retracts from tightfitting engagement with the bore 12 of the projectile body 6 and the container 16, is then forced rearwardly through the bore 12 following setting off of the signal charge, whereby to communicate the signal charge with the perforations 21 in the casing 6, so that smoke from the signalling charge can issue through the perforations, for observation thereof so as to provide the signalling function.
  • the container 16 of the propelling charge can be forced axially rearwardly through the bore 12 so that it is completely ejected from the bore, whereupon the signal charge would then communicate with the outside of the projectile by means of the bore 12.
  • the cap 19a disposed at the rearward end of the projectile casing 6 is a press-fit, proportioned to yield to the force resulting from the setting off of the signal charge, whereby to permit the described axially rearward movement of the container 16 of the detonator charge.
  • the container 16 can fit loosely in the axial bore of the projectile so that signal material can sweep past the side walls of the container and the side walls of the axial bore, for discharge of the signal material from the projectile.
  • FIG. 2 The condition of the various parts within the bore 12 of the projectile casing 6 before firing is indicated in FIG. 2, and the position of these parts after firing, but before the setting off of the signal charge is indicated in FIG. 3.
  • the size of the cartridge can be appropriate to the Weapon in connection with which the shell is used. A size of 20-50 mm. is preferred.
  • the body 6 can be steel; the axial bore 12 can be 9.7 mm.; the container 16 can have an outside diameter of 9.5 mm.; and the container can be plastic having a side wall thickness of 0.65 mm.
  • a cartridge adapted for use as a practice round of I ammunition comprising a projectile having a leading end and a trailing end, and an axially extending bore, a signal generating charge disposed in said bore adjacent said leading end and for ignition upon impact of the projectile occurring when the projectile strikes, a propelling charge disposed within the bore adjacent said trailing end and for propelling the projectile into trajectory upon the firing thereof, a container for the propelling charge having an end wall disposed adjacent the signal charge and side walls extending from said end wall toward said trailing end, said container following combustion of the propelling charge fitting loosely in said axial bore to permit passage of signal material from the signal charge through the axial bore toward said trailing end, upon ignition of the signal charge.
  • a cartridge according to claim 1 and including means defining radially extending openings in said projectile opposite the side walls of the propelling charge container, said openings communicating said bore with the outside of the container for discharge of signal material from the container.
  • a cartridge according to claim 1 releasable retaining means limiting movement of the propelling charge container toward the trailing end of the axial bore, and means for releasing said retaining means following impact of the projectile when the projectile strikes.
  • a cartridge according to claim -1 said container being plastic and fitting loosely in the axial bore prior to ignition of the propelling charge, said container being elastically expandible and under the pressure resulting from ignition of the propelling charge, expanding into tight engagement with the axial bore, and following combustion of the charge contracting to loose fitting relation permitting discharge of signal material as aforesaid.
  • a cartridge according to claim 1 said container fitting loosely in the axial bore prior to ignition of the propelling charge, said container being elastically expandible and under the pressure resulting from ignition of the propelling charge, expanding into tight engagement with the axial bore, and following combustion of the charge contracting to loose fitting relation permitting discharge of signal material as aforesaid.
  • a cartridge according to claim 1 and impact sensitive detonating means for igniting the signal charge when the projectile strikes, and safety means for preventing accidental actuation of said detonating means.
  • a cartridge according to claim 1 and including separator means for separating said container and the signal charge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
US351282A 1962-03-03 1964-03-10 Cartridge for practice firing Expired - Lifetime US3211098A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0038285 1962-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3211098A true US3211098A (en) 1965-10-12

Family

ID=7044026

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US351282A Expired - Lifetime US3211098A (en) 1962-03-03 1964-03-10 Cartridge for practice firing

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3211098A (it)
AT (1) AT242566B (it)
BE (1) BE620869A (it)
DE (1) DE1678492B1 (it)
FI (1) FI40074B (it)
GB (1) GB996672A (it)
NL (3) NL6714863A (it)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3576165A (en) * 1967-04-07 1971-04-27 Dynamit Nobel Ag Safety projectile percussion primer
US3638571A (en) * 1967-09-06 1972-02-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag Recoilless practice cartridge
US3948179A (en) * 1973-04-12 1976-04-06 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft Practice device for mortars
US4007690A (en) * 1975-11-21 1977-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Practice bomb signal for day or night operation
US5228855A (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-07-20 Ffe International Mortar training ammunition device having independently rotatable vent closure rings

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3033061C2 (de) * 1980-09-03 1987-02-12 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Granatwerfer-Übungsgeschoß

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE567455A (it) * 1957-05-16
GB693335A (en) * 1950-08-05 1953-06-24 Energa Practice ammunition for instruction and training purposes
GB767488A (en) * 1954-06-14 1957-02-06 Losfeld Andre Improvements in and relating to projectiles
US2786415A (en) * 1951-06-15 1957-03-26 William D Alderson Mortar training device
US3085509A (en) * 1960-01-15 1963-04-16 Energa Practice grenade

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH218108A (de) * 1940-02-16 1941-11-30 Maag Max Einsatzgranate für Geschütze zum Schiessen mit Munition kleineren Kalibers.
US2821923A (en) * 1953-05-19 1958-02-04 Patent License Corp Mortar training device and components thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB693335A (en) * 1950-08-05 1953-06-24 Energa Practice ammunition for instruction and training purposes
US2786415A (en) * 1951-06-15 1957-03-26 William D Alderson Mortar training device
GB767488A (en) * 1954-06-14 1957-02-06 Losfeld Andre Improvements in and relating to projectiles
BE567455A (it) * 1957-05-16
US3085509A (en) * 1960-01-15 1963-04-16 Energa Practice grenade

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3576165A (en) * 1967-04-07 1971-04-27 Dynamit Nobel Ag Safety projectile percussion primer
US3638571A (en) * 1967-09-06 1972-02-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag Recoilless practice cartridge
US3948179A (en) * 1973-04-12 1976-04-06 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft Practice device for mortars
US4007690A (en) * 1975-11-21 1977-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Practice bomb signal for day or night operation
US5228855A (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-07-20 Ffe International Mortar training ammunition device having independently rotatable vent closure rings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL282115A (it)
GB996672A (en) 1965-06-30
DE1678492B1 (de) 1969-09-11
NL6714863A (it) 1968-01-25
AT242566B (de) 1965-09-27
BE620869A (it)
NL134255C (it)
FI40074B (it) 1968-05-31

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