US3207706A - Resistor compositions - Google Patents
Resistor compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3207706A US3207706A US225121A US22512162A US3207706A US 3207706 A US3207706 A US 3207706A US 225121 A US225121 A US 225121A US 22512162 A US22512162 A US 22512162A US 3207706 A US3207706 A US 3207706A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- resistor
- palladium
- compositions
- less
- silver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUJPNZNXGCHGID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z)-beta-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1CCC(C)(O)CC1 RUJPNZNXGCHGID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUWSSMXCCAMYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold platinum Chemical compound [Pt].[Au] JUWSSMXCCAMYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJVXKWHHAMZTBY-GCPOEHJPSA-N syringin Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\CO)=CC(OC)=C1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 QJVXKWHHAMZTBY-GCPOEHJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000037 vitreous enamel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/07—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead
- C03C3/072—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead containing boron
- C03C3/074—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing lead containing boron containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
- H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
- H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
- H01C17/06513—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
- H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
- H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
- H01C17/06513—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component
- H01C17/06533—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component composed of oxides
- H01C17/06546—Oxides of zinc or cadmium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
- H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
- H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
- H01C17/06573—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the permanent binder
- H01C17/0658—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the permanent binder composed of inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
Definitions
- Precious metal resistor compositions containing a vitreous enamel binder have recently become highly desirable for use in the production of fired electrical resistors.
- Such resistor compositions and resistors prepared therefrom are, for example, shown in DAndrea US. Patent No. 2,924,540 and Dumesnil US. Patent 3,052,573.
- TCR Temperature coefiicient of resistance, (TCR), generally expressed in parts per million per degree centigrade, is an important characteristic of resistors since changes in temperature will create relatively large changes in resistance when the TCR is high. TCR is generally measured by measuring (1) Resistance at room temperature (2) Resistance at -75 C. (3) Resistance at 105 C.
- the change in resistance is expressed as a function of the room temperature resistance, divided by the temperature increment to give the coefiicient.
- Drift is referred to as an irreversible change of resistance upon heating. This effect may be noticeable at temperatures as low as 100 C. This was a severe limitation on the aforementioned prior art resistor-s.
- One Way of testing for this effect is to measure the resistance of a soldered, completed resistor and place it in an oven, at atmospheric conditions, at 150 C. for 16 hours. After this high temperature exposure, the resistance is remeasured and the change expressed as a percentage of the original value. The prior art compositions averaged about 5% under these test conditions.
- the finely divided dry mixture may be made into a paste or liquid by the addition of a vehicle in a known manner.
- a vehicle Fifteen percent to sixty percent by weight of an inert liquid, for example, Water, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or higher alcohols, the corresponding esters such as acetates, propionates, the terpenes and liquid resins such as pine oil or alpha or beta terpineol and the like may be used to prepare a suitable consistency for application purposes.
- an inert liquid for example, Water, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or higher alcohols, the corresponding esters such as acetates, propionates, the terpenes and liquid resins such as pine oil or alpha or beta terpineol and the like may be used to prepare a suitable consistency for application purposes.
- the vehicles may contain or be composed of volatile liquids to promote fast setting after application, or they may contain waxes, thermoplastic resins, or wax-like materials which are thermofiuid by nature whereby the composition may be applied to a 3,207,706 Patented Sept. 21, 1965 ceramic insulator while at elevated temperature to set upon contact with a cold ceramic base.
- the essential combination of the present invention is the specific composition of the glass frit together with a ratio of Pd:Ag of 3:2 to 2:3.
- the glass frit must have a linear thermal expansion between about 3% and 7% lower than the linear expansion of the substrate on which it is fired to produce the resistor.
- Other ceramic bodies e.g., steatite, titanates, mullite, glass and zircon porcelains may, however, be used as substrates for resistors of this invention.
- the glass frit for use in accordance with this invention should contain, in weight percent, 2434% ZnO, 18-25% SiO 22-30% B 0 3-7% A1 0 4-10% Na O, 4 6% ZrO 0-4% CaO, 0-4% P 0 less than 1% each, or less than 2% total amount, of PbO, Sb O' TiO NiO or Fe O and less than 0.1% of other alkali metal oxides.
- the above percentages of the constituents are essential to obtain the low TCR and drift in resistors produced from the resistor compositions of this invention.
- the easily reducible oxides, PbO, Sb O TiO NiO and Fe O must either be entirely absent or in very small amounts, as indicated, since these can react with the silver and palladium metal powders and give rise to unstable alloy phases or semi-conducting oxides with deleterious effect.
- the presence of A1 0 in the compositions is essential for low drift and the minimizing of time consuming elastic recovery processes in the glass enamel.
- Zr0 is essential in my compositions for low voltage coefiicient and the prevention of dissolution of sodium ions in resistor surface moisture films with resulting ionic surface conductivity.
- Frit compositions weight percent The frit is prepared in the conventional manner by melting the constituents of the examples at about 1200 C. in a fire clay crucible for just sufficient time to dissolve all the constituents. It is then quenched in water and ball milled to a particle size of 0.1 to 50 microns and then dewatered and dried.
- the resistor compositions are prepared by mixing with about 35-85% of the frit 65% to 15% of a mixture of finely divided silver and palladium in which the silver and palladium have a weight ratio of 3:2 to 2:3.
- the silver and palladium may be obtained by chemical precipitation techniques or in any other known manner and may consist of relatively pure silver and palladium or to a large extent of silver oxide or palladium oxide.
- silver and palladium or their oxides should have a particle size of 0.1 to 50 microns.
- resistors may be dry mixed or they may be mixed with a liquid or pasty vehicle to produce liquid or pasty resistor compositions for easy application to a ceramic base.
- the most usual manner of forming resistors is to apply a paste form of the resistor composition by a screen stencil operation on a ceramic base and then subject the same to a firing operation to form a glaze resistor film in which the metal particles are imbedded. During the firing operation any silver oxide present is usually reduced to relatively pure silver and palladium or palladium oxide ends in a composition containing palladium and a minor amount of palladium oxide.
- the firing of the resistor composition is commonly carried out at a temperature of 750 C. to 780 C. for about minutes.
- the fired resistor pattern on the ceramic substrate should be provided with a solderable terminal connection. This may be done by applying a relatively heavy coating of the silver-palladium-frit resistor composition at each end of the fired resistor and refiring at a sufiicient temperature to form a glaze film. Alternatively, a solderable silver composition or a solderable platinum-gold composition can be applied over each end of the fired resistor pattern, and the whole refined at 750 C. to 780 C. If the solderable terminal compositions are applied under the resistor pattern at the ends thereof, only one firing operation will be necessary.
- a resistor composition consisting essentially of 35 to 85 percent of a frit having 2434% ZnO, 18-25% SiO 22-30% B 0 3-7% A1 0 4-10% Na O, 46% ZrO 04% CaO, 04% P 0 less than 1% each and less than 2% total amount of PbO, Sb O TiO NiO and Fe O and less than 0.1% of other alkali metal oxides, and to 15% of silver and a substance of the group consisting of palladium and palladium oxide, in which the ratio of Ag:the Pd content of said substance is between 3:2 and 2:3.
- a resistor composition consisting essentially of 35 to percent of a frit having 24-34% ZnO, 18-25% SiO 22-30% B 0 3-7% A1 0 4-10% Na O, 46% ZrO 0-4% CaO, O-4% P 0 less than 1% each and less than 2% total amount of PbO, Sb O TiO NiO and F3203 and less than 0.1% of other alkali metal oxides, and 65% to 15 of silver and a substance of the group consisting of palladium and palladium oxide, in which the ratio of Agzthe Pd content of said sustance is between 3:2 and 2:3, in admixture with 15 to 60 percent by weight of the aforesaid composition of an inert vehicle.
- a glass enamel frit suitable for use in a resistor composition consisting essentially of 24-34% ZnO, 18- 25% SiO 22-30% B 0 3-7% A1 0 4l0% Na O, 46% ZrO 0-4% CaO, 04% P 0 less than 1% each andless than 2% total amount of PbO, Sb O TiO NiO and Fe O and less than 0.1% of other alkali metal oxides.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL298179D NL298179A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1962-09-20 | ||
| US225121A US3207706A (en) | 1962-09-20 | 1962-09-20 | Resistor compositions |
| DE19631490160 DE1490160B2 (de) | 1962-09-20 | 1963-09-17 | Silber und palladium enthaltende glasurmasse zur herstellung elektrischer widerstaende |
| FR948068A FR1370296A (fr) | 1962-09-20 | 1963-09-19 | Résistance électrique |
| GB36942/63A GB982788A (en) | 1962-09-20 | 1963-09-19 | Improvements in and relating to glass enamel frits |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US225121A US3207706A (en) | 1962-09-20 | 1962-09-20 | Resistor compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3207706A true US3207706A (en) | 1965-09-21 |
Family
ID=22843616
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US225121A Expired - Lifetime US3207706A (en) | 1962-09-20 | 1962-09-20 | Resistor compositions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3207706A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE1490160B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB982788A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL298179A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3343985A (en) * | 1963-02-12 | 1967-09-26 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Cermet electrical resistance material and method of using the same |
| US3380812A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1968-04-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Sintered palladium materials for electric contact |
| US3479216A (en) * | 1964-11-04 | 1969-11-18 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Cermet resistance element |
| US3497384A (en) * | 1967-08-31 | 1970-02-24 | Du Pont | Process of metalizing ceramic substrates with noble metals |
| US3544330A (en) * | 1967-04-24 | 1970-12-01 | Du Pont | Glasses and capacitor dielectric compositions made therefrom |
| US3547835A (en) * | 1969-06-09 | 1970-12-15 | Du Pont | Processes of producing and applying silver compositions,and products therefrom |
| US3639274A (en) * | 1967-09-06 | 1972-02-01 | Allen Bradley Co | Electrical resistance composition |
| US3643756A (en) * | 1969-12-16 | 1972-02-22 | Libbey Owens Ford Co | Safety circuit control device |
| US3673092A (en) * | 1970-06-05 | 1972-06-27 | Owens Illinois Inc | Multilayer dielectric compositions comprising lead-barium borosilicate glass and ceramic powder |
| US3717837A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1973-02-20 | Micro Electric Ag | Potentiometer |
| US3808046A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1974-04-30 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Metallising pastes |
| US3854957A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1974-12-17 | Du Pont | Metallizations comprising nickel oxide |
| US3919441A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-11-11 | Seinosuke Horiki | Panel-styled calorific devices and a process for manufacturing the same |
| US3922387A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-11-25 | Du Pont | Metallizations comprising nickel oxide |
| US4110124A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1978-08-29 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation | Thick film thermocouples |
| US4359536A (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1982-11-16 | General Electric Company | Frit glass composition |
| US4401767A (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1983-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Silver-filled glass |
| US4409292A (en) * | 1981-07-09 | 1983-10-11 | Societe Anonyme Dite Compagnie General D'electricite | Vitreous material and semiconductor component incorporating same |
| US4425378A (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1984-01-10 | Sprague Electric Company | Electroless nickel plating activator composition a method for using and a ceramic capacitor made therewith |
| US4436785A (en) | 1982-03-08 | 1984-03-13 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Silver-filled glass |
| US4459166A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1984-07-10 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Method of bonding an electronic device to a ceramic substrate |
| US4476090A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1984-10-09 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Material for jewelry and commodities and process for its production |
| US4732802A (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-03-22 | Bourns, Inc. | Cermet resistive element for variable resistor |
| US20050104712A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-05-19 | Habboosh Samir W. | Extended temperature range thermal variable-resistance device |
| US20060202792A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2006-09-14 | Habboosh Samir W | Thermal variable resistance device with protective sheath |
| KR20150091664A (ko) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-08-12 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 세라믹 광변환 부재용 유리 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 세라믹 광변환 부재 |
| US9840663B2 (en) | 2014-01-29 | 2017-12-12 | Lg Innotek Co., Ltd | Glass composition for photo-conversion member and ceramic photo-conversion member using the same |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2306282C1 (ru) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-09-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Эмаль |
| RU2446116C1 (ru) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-03-27 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Эмалевое покрытие |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2688560A (en) * | 1953-04-27 | 1954-09-07 | Corning Glass Works | Eye-protective ophthalmic glass |
| US2726965A (en) * | 1951-11-01 | 1955-12-13 | Gen Electric | Ultramarine blue enamel pigment |
| US2924540A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1960-02-09 | Du Pont | Ceramic composition and article |
| US3052573A (en) * | 1960-03-02 | 1962-09-04 | Du Pont | Resistor and resistor composition |
-
0
- NL NL298179D patent/NL298179A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-09-20 US US225121A patent/US3207706A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1963
- 1963-09-17 DE DE19631490160 patent/DE1490160B2/de active Pending
- 1963-09-19 GB GB36942/63A patent/GB982788A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2726965A (en) * | 1951-11-01 | 1955-12-13 | Gen Electric | Ultramarine blue enamel pigment |
| US2688560A (en) * | 1953-04-27 | 1954-09-07 | Corning Glass Works | Eye-protective ophthalmic glass |
| US2924540A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1960-02-09 | Du Pont | Ceramic composition and article |
| US3052573A (en) * | 1960-03-02 | 1962-09-04 | Du Pont | Resistor and resistor composition |
Cited By (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3343985A (en) * | 1963-02-12 | 1967-09-26 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Cermet electrical resistance material and method of using the same |
| US3479216A (en) * | 1964-11-04 | 1969-11-18 | Beckman Instruments Inc | Cermet resistance element |
| US3717837A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1973-02-20 | Micro Electric Ag | Potentiometer |
| US3380812A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1968-04-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Sintered palladium materials for electric contact |
| US3544330A (en) * | 1967-04-24 | 1970-12-01 | Du Pont | Glasses and capacitor dielectric compositions made therefrom |
| US3497384A (en) * | 1967-08-31 | 1970-02-24 | Du Pont | Process of metalizing ceramic substrates with noble metals |
| US3639274A (en) * | 1967-09-06 | 1972-02-01 | Allen Bradley Co | Electrical resistance composition |
| US3547835A (en) * | 1969-06-09 | 1970-12-15 | Du Pont | Processes of producing and applying silver compositions,and products therefrom |
| US3643756A (en) * | 1969-12-16 | 1972-02-22 | Libbey Owens Ford Co | Safety circuit control device |
| US3673092A (en) * | 1970-06-05 | 1972-06-27 | Owens Illinois Inc | Multilayer dielectric compositions comprising lead-barium borosilicate glass and ceramic powder |
| US3808046A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1974-04-30 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Metallising pastes |
| US3919441A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-11-11 | Seinosuke Horiki | Panel-styled calorific devices and a process for manufacturing the same |
| US3854957A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1974-12-17 | Du Pont | Metallizations comprising nickel oxide |
| US3922387A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-11-25 | Du Pont | Metallizations comprising nickel oxide |
| US4110124A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1978-08-29 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation | Thick film thermocouples |
| US4359536A (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1982-11-16 | General Electric Company | Frit glass composition |
| US4425378A (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1984-01-10 | Sprague Electric Company | Electroless nickel plating activator composition a method for using and a ceramic capacitor made therewith |
| US4409292A (en) * | 1981-07-09 | 1983-10-11 | Societe Anonyme Dite Compagnie General D'electricite | Vitreous material and semiconductor component incorporating same |
| US4401767A (en) * | 1981-08-03 | 1983-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Silver-filled glass |
| US4476090A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1984-10-09 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Material for jewelry and commodities and process for its production |
| US4459166A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1984-07-10 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Method of bonding an electronic device to a ceramic substrate |
| US4436785A (en) | 1982-03-08 | 1984-03-13 | Johnson Matthey Inc. | Silver-filled glass |
| US4732802A (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-03-22 | Bourns, Inc. | Cermet resistive element for variable resistor |
| US20050104712A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-05-19 | Habboosh Samir W. | Extended temperature range thermal variable-resistance device |
| US7026908B2 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2006-04-11 | Harco Laboratories, Inc. | Extended temperature range thermal variable-resistance device |
| US20060202792A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2006-09-14 | Habboosh Samir W | Thermal variable resistance device with protective sheath |
| US7915994B2 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2011-03-29 | Harco Laboratories, Inc. | Thermal variable resistance device with protective sheath |
| US9840663B2 (en) | 2014-01-29 | 2017-12-12 | Lg Innotek Co., Ltd | Glass composition for photo-conversion member and ceramic photo-conversion member using the same |
| KR20150091664A (ko) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-08-12 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 세라믹 광변환 부재용 유리 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 세라믹 광변환 부재 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL298179A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | |
| GB982788A (en) | 1965-02-10 |
| DE1490160B2 (de) | 1971-12-02 |
| DE1490160A1 (de) | 1969-09-04 |
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