US3207130A - Continuous flow heater - Google Patents

Continuous flow heater Download PDF

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US3207130A
US3207130A US240539A US24053962A US3207130A US 3207130 A US3207130 A US 3207130A US 240539 A US240539 A US 240539A US 24053962 A US24053962 A US 24053962A US 3207130 A US3207130 A US 3207130A
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tubes
tube
heater
members
cavity
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US240539A
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Viessmann Hans
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/08—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/16—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters with water tubes arranged otherwise than in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways

Definitions

  • CONTINUOUS FLOW HEATER Filed Nov. 28, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 United States Patent 3,207,130 CONTINUOUS FLOW HEATER Hans Viessmann, im Hain, Battenherg (Eder), Germany Filed Nov. 28, 1962, Ser. No. 240,539 Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 30, 1961, V 21,672; Jan. 12, 1962, V 21,871; Apr. 17, 1962, V 22,375
  • the present invention relates to tube-type heaters. More specifically, this invention relates to such heating apparatus as may be used in boilers, furnaces, flues or the like and is concerned with the arrangement of the heatexchanging tubes and the configuration of the complete heater as well as with means facilitating the operation and maintenance of the heater.
  • continuous flow heating systems have consisted of a plurality of tubes designed to permit continuous flow of the fluid medium therethrough and have been mounted in a boiler or furnace such that only the ends of the tubing are accessible from without.
  • Such heaters may form a unit that can be mounted as a whole inside the boiler or furnace where it acts as a heat exchanger.
  • Another object of the present invention is to mount the tubes of the heater in such a manner as to facilitate the cleaning of each tube to its full original inner diameter without removing the heater from the boiler or furnace.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide means in the tubes generating a flow turbulence, such means being characterized by their ability to not hinder the tube cleaning process.
  • the complete heater although mounted in the boiler or furnace by conventional fixingmeans, is nevertheless characterized by special features peculiarto the configurations of the embodiments in accordance with the invention.
  • One of thesse features consists in the assembly of two tubes by a V'shaped elbow to form apairgof tubes mounted in the heater in such a way that one of the two tube ends forming, the V is connected to one box and the 3,207,130 Patented Sept. 21, 1965 other end to another box, the boxes being employed to interconnect the pairs of tubes and being covered by a cover plate common to all boxes such that the fluid medium entering one leg of the V-shaped tube pair leaves this pair by the other leg, and runs then through the associated box and from these to the first leg of the adjacent V-shaped pair of tubes, and so on.
  • each of the tubes is, in its inside, equipped with helical deflecting means mounted in a loose relation to the tube wall and ready to be withdrawn at any time.
  • Still another feature pertaining to the invention is the provision of helical deflecting means such that these means may be permanently attached to the inner tube walls, but are made from thin-gage sheet material so that they can be readily drilled out together with mineral deposits for the purpose of cleaning the tubes.
  • the tubes of the present heater can be mechanically cleaned without being removed from the heater and without removing the heater from the boiler or furnace, after the helical deflecting means have been pulled out by screw-like turning, unless the deflecting means are of the type suited for being drilled out with the mineral deposits.
  • the aforesaid mechanical cleaning process may be performed, for instance, with the aid of a crown-bit drill. Since the lower ends of the tubes of a V-shaped pair are interconnected by a V-shaped elbow, the latter becomes accessible by the drill used in the cleaning of the tubes, because the two paths of the drill through the two legs of the V formed by the tubes intersect in the elbow thereby removing any deposit accumulated in both the tubes and the elbow of any pair. It will be appreciated that in a conventional heater where the tubes are arranged horizontally or vertically and parallel to each other rather than in a V-configuration, all the remote ends of the tubes would have to be equipped with a junction box that would become accessible only after the whole heater has been removed from the boiler or furnace.
  • the arrangement of the helical deflecting means inside the tubes insures good heat exchange due to the resulting guidance of the liquid flow, and no high velocity of flow is required to attain a turbulence.
  • the deflecting means may according to the invention be provided with perforations, bent-out portions etc., thereby increasing the effect produced by the continuous direction of the liquid in the tube to the heat-exchanging surfaces.
  • the tubes may preferably be provided with fins at their outer periphery.
  • either single or double pairs of tubes assembled to V elements can be connected in series.
  • Other varieties of mounting are an upper row of tubes connected in parallel andanother lower row of tubes again connected in. parallel for cases where large quantities of water or some other liquid are to be slightly heated only; or vertical or horizontal orientation of the heater tubes in accordance with the above described principles.
  • removal of the cover plate will give full access to all the upper tube ends, so that the tubes may be cleaned Without removing the heater from the furnace or boiler.
  • the same advantage is also attained in case of the embodiment where the upper ends of the V-shaped pairs of tubes are directly interconnected by fittings. Here, only the plugs taking the place of the common cover plate have to be removed to attain the same effect.
  • FIGURE 1 is a graphic representation of the heater according to the invention, partly sectionalized
  • FIGURE 2 is a section along line II in FIG. 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a section through a tube showing a perforated deflecting means according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a section through a tube showing a deflecting means having bent-out portions
  • FIGURE 5 is a section through a tube showing a deflecting means being in contact with the tube wall at certain points only;
  • FIGURE 6 is a plan view of the heater, with the cover plate partly removed;
  • FIGURE 7 is a graphic representation and partly a section of a heater detail where the tubes are interconnected by fittings;
  • FIGURE 8 is a plan view of a heater, with the tubes arranged as shown in FIG. 7, and
  • FIGURE 9 is a plan view of a heater, with the pairs of tubes arranged in staggered relationship for low constructional height.
  • tubes 1 having fins 2 at their outer periphery are inserted in a mounting plate 3 that is reinforced by a mounting-plate frame 4.
  • Frame 4 has through-holes 5, which permit the frame to be mounted to a furnace or boiler 1'.
  • frame 4 is also provided with threaded holes 6 for fastening a coverplate 7.
  • Boiler 1 has an aperture 1" and, in fixed relation thereto, bolts 5', which, when the heater is mounted in place, engage in holes 5 in frame 4, the heater being secured to the boiler by nuts 5".
  • Coverplate 7 is provided with a rubber gasket 8 supported from cross and longitudinal wall members 9, 11 which upwardly project from the mounting plate 3 and form compartments or junction boxes of the desired tube configuration as exemplified in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the heater assembly with cover plate 7 can be inserted into aperture 1" of boiler or furnace 1 and is then secured thereto in sealing relation by bolts 5' and nuts 5".
  • FIG. 2 shows also the V-shaped relation of any two tubes 1, which are interconnected at their lower ends by an elbow 12, which may preferably be provided with a plug 13.
  • loose helical deflecting means 14 are inserted in tubes 1. These deflecting means may be easily removed after taking off coverplate 7. To increase the intermixing effect deflecting means 14 may be provided with perforations 14', bent-out portions 14" or the like. Further embodiments of deflecting means 14 are illustrated in FIGS. 3 through 5.
  • deflecting means 14 come into contact with tube 1 only at certain points 14" thereof, so that here again two flows may interact along the surfaces of the deflecting means in such a manner as to thoroughly mix the fluid stream.
  • FIG. 6 shows, among others, the connection for the service-water piping.
  • the water to be heated is fed into the heater through pipe 15 and directed through the series-connected tube, after which it leaves the heater by way of pipe 16, connection 17 serving for circulation purposes.
  • tubes 1 are readily accessible after removal of cover-plate 7, even when the heater remains installed in the furnace or boiler; hence, the latter need not be drained for a cleaning process.
  • deflecting means 14 which, as is indicated in FIG. 2, are in contact with the inner periphery of tubes 1, tend to be retained in place as the tubes become clogged with mineral deposits or the like under adverse operating conditions, unlike such deflecting means as are in contact with the inner walls of the tubes either not at all or at certain points only (FIG. 5).
  • jammed deflecting means present no difficulties in cleaning, because, in accordance with the present invention, they are made from such materials and are of such configuration as to permit the tubes to be cleaned even under the most adverse operating conditions.
  • deflecting means of rigid construction which are made from relatively heavy gage sheet material and cannot be removed in unscrewing fashion, are most difficult to clean, after they have become wedged, although the mineral deposits themselves can be relatively easily removed by drilling.
  • deflecting means 14 are therefore made from light-gage sheet material so that they can be removed, together with the mineral deposits, without impeding the drilling process.
  • deflecting means may for instance be made either from heatand liquid-resistant plastic or copper foils, which latter are even more advantageous because they are less expensive than plastic deflectors.
  • FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the heater wherein the junction boxes 8, 9, 10, 11 are replaced by fittings 18, 19, 20.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that with a small number of different types of fittings a great variety of heaters of different sizes and designs may be provided. Another advantage is that these fittings including plugs 25 can be manufactured at low cost in quantities by automatic molding processes.
  • fittings may have small noses 23 (FIG. 8) meeting each other, when mounted, and capable of being welded or soldered to each other, so that their combination on the mounting plate becomes as rigid and sturdy as if a junction box were used. If a plug 25 is unscrewed to clean a tube, the entire combination of fittings receives the forces applied and generated in the drilling process so that the respective fitting cannot be torn off from tube 1, which might otherwise easily happen, if the fittings were not interconnected as by welding or soldering.
  • FIGS. 7 through 9 the junction boxes illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 are completely eliminated by the use of fittings, tubes 1 being arranged in pairs in V-configuration in mounting plate 21 (FIG. 8), so that the entire heater is of compact and flat design.
  • tubes 1 having fins at their outer periphery extend through drilled holes of suitable size in mounting plate 21, with their free ends 22 being closely connected to fittings 18, 19, and 20.
  • Fittings 18 and 20 are designed to connect to the piping for cold, hot, and circulating water, while fittings 19 are employed to interconnect tubes 1 which, in the illustrated embodiment, are connected in series.
  • the heater with its mounting plate 21 need not be disassembled. Instead, only plugs 25 are removed from fittings 18, 19, and 20, whereupon the cleaning tool may be inserted into the respective tubes.
  • the deflecting means inside the tubes are simply destroyed by the drilling process, if they cannot be unscrewed anymore. Since the tubes are arranged in the shape of a V, the cavity 12 in the elbow 12, which is also shown in FIG. 2, is readily handled by the cleaning tool. The tool advances in the tubes 1 in straight paths which intersect in the elbow cavity so that the connecting portion between the lower ends of the tubes is likewise cleaned.
  • FIG. 9 another possible arrangement of tubes is shown. Unlike the configuration in FIG. 8, the pairs of tubes in FIG. 9 are arranged in staggered relationship in mounting plate 21'. This arrangement has the advantage that the number of noses 23 or flats required for interconnecting the fittings can be reduced. Moreover, the constructional height of this heater is still lower than in the other embodiments.
  • a heating apparatus for producing hot water comprising, in combination:
  • each coupling member connecting the first end portions of two tube members in communication with said cavity so as to form therewith a V-shaped conduit
  • each tube member of said conduit defining a straight path, the path of each tube member communicating with said cavity intersecting the path of another one of said tube members in said cavity;
  • said connecting means include a plurality of wall members projecting from said mounting plate means and defining a plurality of compartments, each compartment communicating with the connected second end portions, and having a side open in the direction of the paths defined by the associated tube members, said access means including a cover plate common to said compartments and releasably closing said open sides thereof.
  • said connecting means include a plurality of fitting members, each fitting member connecting the second end portions of a tube member of one of said conduits to the second end portion of a tube member of another conduit, and being formed with two openings respectively aligned with the paths defined by the connected two tube members, said access means including removable plug means in each of said openings.
  • connecting means include a coupling member formed with an opening therein, and said access means include a removable plug member in said opening.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US240539A 1961-11-30 1962-11-28 Continuous flow heater Expired - Lifetime US3207130A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3447532A (en) * 1966-07-21 1969-06-03 Geoscience Ltd Fog generating means and techniques
JPS476426U (de) * 1971-02-15 1972-09-21
JPS5920099U (ja) * 1983-05-18 1984-02-07 大同酸素株式会社 低温液化ガス蒸発装置
RU179225U1 (ru) * 2017-03-06 2018-05-04 Вячеслав Федорович Ишутин Аппарат комбинированный газовый водогрейный

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2912011B2 (de) * 1979-03-27 1981-03-26 Hans Dr.h.c. 35088 Battenberg Vießmann Rohrregister für einen Durchlauferhitzer
DE102005035428B4 (de) * 2005-07-28 2014-03-27 Wolf Gmbh Wärmetauscher für ein öl- oder gasgefeuertes Brennwertheizgerät und Brennwertheizgerät mit einem derartigen Wärmetauscher

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB135123A (de) *
US662255A (en) * 1900-03-19 1900-11-20 Preston Davies Steam-generator.
US1425273A (en) * 1920-02-18 1922-08-08 Griscom Russell Co Storage heater
US1495065A (en) * 1919-11-07 1924-05-20 Power Specialty Co Economizer
US1796509A (en) * 1927-04-23 1931-03-17 Bell & Gossett Company Of Chic Auxiliary water heater or heat-transfer device
US1834070A (en) * 1928-05-14 1931-12-01 Parkinson Heater Corp Heating device
US1961744A (en) * 1931-08-22 1934-06-05 Staley Mfg Co A E Heat transfer with viscous liquids
US2046569A (en) * 1934-06-25 1936-07-07 Harry L Madorin Submerged water heater
US2703072A (en) * 1950-07-12 1955-03-01 Petro Chem Process Company Inc Indirect heater
US2726643A (en) * 1953-02-03 1955-12-13 Ray C Edwards Heating unit

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB135123A (de) *
US662255A (en) * 1900-03-19 1900-11-20 Preston Davies Steam-generator.
US1495065A (en) * 1919-11-07 1924-05-20 Power Specialty Co Economizer
US1425273A (en) * 1920-02-18 1922-08-08 Griscom Russell Co Storage heater
US1796509A (en) * 1927-04-23 1931-03-17 Bell & Gossett Company Of Chic Auxiliary water heater or heat-transfer device
US1834070A (en) * 1928-05-14 1931-12-01 Parkinson Heater Corp Heating device
US1961744A (en) * 1931-08-22 1934-06-05 Staley Mfg Co A E Heat transfer with viscous liquids
US2046569A (en) * 1934-06-25 1936-07-07 Harry L Madorin Submerged water heater
US2703072A (en) * 1950-07-12 1955-03-01 Petro Chem Process Company Inc Indirect heater
US2726643A (en) * 1953-02-03 1955-12-13 Ray C Edwards Heating unit

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3447532A (en) * 1966-07-21 1969-06-03 Geoscience Ltd Fog generating means and techniques
JPS476426U (de) * 1971-02-15 1972-09-21
JPS5125790Y2 (de) * 1971-02-15 1976-07-01
JPS5920099U (ja) * 1983-05-18 1984-02-07 大同酸素株式会社 低温液化ガス蒸発装置
RU179225U1 (ru) * 2017-03-06 2018-05-04 Вячеслав Федорович Ишутин Аппарат комбинированный газовый водогрейный

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DE1404955A1 (de) 1968-10-24
AT240010B (de) 1965-05-10
DE1404955B2 (de) 1969-10-30

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