US3202980A - Cathode ray tube control matrix employing magnetic shields - Google Patents

Cathode ray tube control matrix employing magnetic shields Download PDF

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Publication number
US3202980A
US3202980A US254137A US25413763A US3202980A US 3202980 A US3202980 A US 3202980A US 254137 A US254137 A US 254137A US 25413763 A US25413763 A US 25413763A US 3202980 A US3202980 A US 3202980A
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United States
Prior art keywords
transformers
character
output
cathode ray
primary
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US254137A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph J Stone
Roman A Adams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AB Dick Co
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AB Dick Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL124050D priority Critical patent/NL124050C/xx
Priority to BE642790D priority patent/BE642790A/xx
Priority to NL302549D priority patent/NL302549A/xx
Application filed by AB Dick Co filed Critical AB Dick Co
Priority to US254137A priority patent/US3202980A/en
Priority to GB47077/63A priority patent/GB998448A/en
Priority to DED43421A priority patent/DE1262647B/de
Priority to FR961476A priority patent/FR1387408A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3202980A publication Critical patent/US3202980A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G1/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data
    • G09G1/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows
    • G09G1/14—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows the beam tracing a pattern independent of the information to be displayed, this latter determining the parts of the pattern rendered respectively visible and invisible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/02—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused
    • H01J31/06—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with more than two output electrodes, e.g. for multiple switching or counting
    • H01J31/065—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with more than two output electrodes, e.g. for multiple switching or counting for electrography or electrophotography, for transferring a charge pattern through the faceplate

Definitions

  • An object of this invention is the provision'of a character signal generating system which enables a change for generating different character signals to be made in a very simple manner.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of a system for generating character signals, the cost of which is relatively inexpensive.
  • Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel and unique system for generating character signals.
  • a magnetic shielding material is inserted between the orthogonally positioned sets of conductors, which shielding material substantially prevents air coupling between the orthogonally related conductors at predetermined ones of the intersections.
  • FIGURE 1 is a block diagram illustratingan arrangernent for displaying a character generated by an embodiment of this invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a drawing of printed circuit boards in accordance with thisinvention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of this invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a waveshape drawing illustrating the waveshape generated by the arrangement shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIGURE 4A shows the appearance of a dot pattern when no shield material is inserted between printed circuit boards.
  • FIGURE 5 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGURE v6 is a waveshape diagram illustrating the pulses generated by the arrangements shown in FIG- URE 5.
  • FIGURE 7 is a block diagram of an arrangement for generating and displaying a multiplicity of characters on a cathode ray device employing embodiments of this invention.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a block diagram of cathode ray display apparatus using a character'signalgenerator of the type comprising this .invention.
  • the diagram is shown to indicate how a character signal generator which is an embodiment of this invention may be incorporated into cathode ray display apparatus. From this, those skilled in the art will :have no diificulty in both the comprehension and construction of the arrangement.
  • a ring counter 10 has a count capacity which may be determined by the number of horizontal lines which are employed to represent a character on the cathode ray device.
  • the ring counter output is applied to acharacter generator matrix 12, which supplies in response thereto, pulses which are spaced in a manner to represent a charaacter on the face of the cathoderay tube 14, provided that the vertical and horizontal positioning of the cathode ray beam is proper.
  • the output of the ring counter is also applied to a vertical sweep generator 16, and a horizontal sweep generator 18.
  • the horizontal sweep generator 18, applies line deflection voltages to the cathode ray tube 14, in response to the ring counter output.
  • Each count output of the ring counter causes the horizontal sweep generator to deflect the cathode ray beam across one line.
  • the vertical sweep generator 16 applies vertical deflection voltages to the cathode ray tube 14.
  • the vertical sweep generator is synchronized to provide a vertical deflection voltage equal to the total vertical deflection of a character in response to a total count of the ring counter.
  • a bias source 20 applies a potential to an electrode of the cathode ray device 14, for the purpose of biasing oif the cathode ray beam.
  • the ring counter 10 commences counting. Assume that the total count capacity of the ring counter is five, therefore, upon the occur rence of the first output of the ring counter, the horizontal sweep generator commences deflecting the cathode ray beam horizontally. Output signals from the character generator matrix have a suflicient amplitude to overcome the bias of the source 20. Thus, if it were the letter E that were to be displayed on the face of the cathode ray tube 14, the character generator matrix would emit four pulse signals which would be displayed along the 0 horizontal line as four bright spots.
  • the vertical sweep generator Upon the occurrence of a second count output from the ring counter, the vertical sweep generator provides the ver- 7 .tical displacement of the cathode ray beam While the horizontal sweep generator commences sweeping another line. This time the output of the character generator matrix, in response to this second signal, is a single pulse signal resulting in a single bright spot.
  • FIGURE 2 shows number of conductors on the vertically oriented circuit board 22, is determined by the number of lines 'of dots or bright spots to'be displayed on the cathode ray tube face.
  • printed circuit conductor 24 has the five coils 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D, and 24E, connected in series and a return line 24'.
  • printed circuit conductor 44 comprises five coils 44A through 44E connected in series and a return line 44', Each of the printed circuit conductors 24, through 32 and their return lines end in terminals, as for example 34. .Each of all g the printed circuit conductors 44 through 52 and their return lines end in terminals, as for example 54.
  • the windings 24Athrough 24B are positioned directly opposite windings 44Athrough 52A. Accordingly, should a current pulse be applied to the'conductor 24, each one of the windings 24A through'24E'would operate in the manner of the primary winding of a transformer and each one of the windings 44A through 52A would operate in the manner of the secondary windings of a transformer, j whereby a voltage would be induced from eachone of the respective primary windings 24A through 24E into each one of the secondary windings respectively SZA through
  • shield materiahcan operate as a transformer.
  • FIGURE 3 is a circuit diagram representation of an embodiment of the invention employing the components 22, 42, and 26, as well as others for the purpose of generating signals, which Reference numer als applied to the structures in FIGURE 3 correspond to those of the structures in FIGURE 2. Since the two printed circuit boards are superimposed, as previously stated, transformers are effectively provided at the intersections of the printed circuit'boards which are represented in FIGURE 3 by circles at the intersections of the grid of conductors. The circle actually represents' the appearance of the coils when the boards are superimposed.
  • Each one of the transformers which are formed by the superimposed printed circuit boards will The first part indicates the vertical conductor which forms the primary winding portion of the transformer and the last part is the unit place number of the decimal number designating the horizontal conductor in which the Thus, at the intersection of conductors 24 and 44, the transformer 24-4gis formed. At the intersection of conductors 28 'and 4 6, the transformer 28-6 is formed. 25
  • the shield 26 which is placed between the two superimposed printed circuit boards, prevents magnetic coupling from being established between primary and secondary windings of the transformers 24-2, 26-2, 28-2 and 30-2, and 32-2. Also transformers 26-6, 26-8, 26-0, 28-0, 30-0, 30-8, and 30-6. The remaining transformers, which are formed at the intersections of the printed circuit conductors, have their primary and A clock pulse generator 60, applies pulses to drive a 'ring counter 10. Each one of the five outputs of the ring counteris applied to a different amplifier circuit respectively 64,66, 68, 70,- 72. Each one of these amplifier circuits applies a pulse of current to the respective conductors 24, 26, 28, 30, and 32, the other ends of which are grounded.
  • Each one of the conductors 44, 46, 48, and 52 are respectively connected to pulse amplifiers respectively 74, 76, 78, 80, and '82.
  • the ,0utput of each one of these pulse amplifiers is connected to a different tap on a multi-tap delay line 90.
  • the delay line may also be made from a plurality of separate short sections of delay line which are connected in series with the amplifiers 74 through 82, connected to each one of the junctions thereof.
  • the output of the delay line 90 is applied to'a load resistor 92. Output developed across the load resistor 92, is taken from an output terminal 94.
  • the signals existingat the output terminal 94 may be applied to an electrode of a cathode ray tube such as 14, for the purpose of overcoming the bias from a bias source, such as 20, whereby a bright spot will be displayed on the face of the cathode ray tube.
  • the clock pulse generator is enabled, whereby ringcounter 10 is successively driven through each one i of its count states; This causes a succession of pulses to y be applied by the amplifiers 64 through 72 to the respective lines 24 through 32.
  • the clock pulses are represented by the waveforms 96.
  • the output of the first amplifier 64 designated by 64A, in FIGURE 4, is applied to the conductor 24.
  • pulses are induced'in the secondary windings of trans- Jformers 24-4, 24-6, 24-8, and 24-0.. These are applied by the respective amplifiers 74 through to the delay line 90.
  • the delay line serves the function or presenting these pulses at the output terminals '94, as a pulse interval of the first count, the four pulses in the wave train 04A will be represented as four bright spots in line on the face of the cathode ray tube. 7
  • the second amplifier 65 Upon the occurrence of the second clock pulse 98, the second amplifier 65, applies a pulse of current to the line 26, whereby only a single output will occur on the line 44, since the remaining transformers have their primaries shielded from the secondaries by the shield 26. This output is amplified by amplifier 74, and applied to the output terminal 94. Since the pulse occurs without delay, and since the vertical sweep generator has initiated a vertical sweep in response to the counter output, this pulse is displayed at the beginning of the horizontal deflection for the second count.
  • the third count of the counter drives the amplifier 68, which in turn applies a current pulse to the primaries of the transformers connected to the line 23. Only the secondary windings of transformers 284, 28-6, and 28-3 have voltages induced therein. In response thereto, the waveshape 94C appears at the output terminal 94. This is displayed as the center bar of three dots of the letter E.
  • FIG- URE 4A wherein there may be seen a dot pattern which is generated were there no shield present in the circuit arrangement in FIGURE 3.
  • a pattern 102 of the character desired to be displayed, is placed over this dot pattern.
  • the uncovered dots indicate the transformer which should have their primaries shielded from their secondaries. Some of the dots which are uncovered are given the same reference numerals as the transformers from which they are generated, in order to show the one to one correspondence.
  • the derivation of the pi-shaped shield 26, for generating the letter E should be apparent from this. I
  • FIGURE 5 is a circuit arrangement of an embodiment of the invention which is substantially identical with that shown in FIGURE 3. However, by changing the output circuitry slightly, it is possible to cut the shield for insertion between the two circuit boards directly in the pattern of the character desired to be displayed.
  • similarly functioning structure is given the same reference numerals-as were applied in FIGURE 3. Note here however, that-the shield 104,'has the same configuration as the letter E which is the character desired for display.
  • the clock pulse generator 60 not only drives the ring counter 10 in the manner previously described, but also applies its output to a pulse amplifier 106,
  • the output of the pulse amplifier is applied to five inhibit gates, respectively 103 through 116.
  • These inhibit gates are well known two input gate circuits which in the presence of an inhibiting input to one input can prevent the signal applied to the other input of the inhibiting gate from being transferred to the inhibit gate output.
  • the inhibit input to each one ofthe inhibit gates 108 through 116 are the respective outputs of the amplifiers 7 4 through 02.
  • the pulse amplifier 106 output is the second or inhibit input to each gate.
  • the outputs of the inhibit gates are connected, in the manner described in connection with FIGURE 3, t0 the respective taps along the multi-tap delay line 90.
  • the output of the delay line is applied to a load resistor 02 from, across which output is taken by means of the output terminal 94.
  • the ring counter 10 Upon the occurrence of the first pulse output from the clock pulse generator 60, the ring counter 10 applies its first count output to the amplifier 64. This causes a voltage to be induced in the secondary of the transformer 24-2. This voltage is amplified by the pulse amplifier 82, and is applied to the inhibit gate 116.
  • the clock pulse generator 60 also applies an output to the amplifier 106, the output of which is applied to all of the inhibit gates 108 through 116. Accordingly, each one of the inhibit gates 108 through 114 will provide an output to the delay line 90, while the effect of the output of amplifier 82 is .to prevent the inhibit gate 116 from providing an output to thedelay line.
  • the only amplifier which produces an output in response to the first clock pulse 96 is amplifier 82, as represented by the waveshape 82A.
  • the operation of the inhibit gates is such that the waveshape 94A occurs at the output terminal 94.
  • This is identical with the waveshape 94 as is shown in FIGURE 4. Accordingly, upon the occurrence of the first count of the counter fourdots are displayed along the first lines on the face of the cathode ray tube.
  • inhibit pulses respectively 76A through SZA are generated at the outputs of the respective amplifiers 76 through 82, whereby the only pulse that is applied to the delay line is received from the output of the inhibit gate 108, since no voltagepulse is applied to the amplifier 74, and therefore there isno inhibit pulse applied to the gate 108.
  • the pulse 94B is displayed at the beginning of the second horizontal line on the face of the cathode ray tube.
  • pulse, inhibit signals 80A;, and 82A are applied to the inhibit gates from the outputs of the amplifiers 82 and 80. Therefore, a pulse train consisting of three pulses as represented by waveshape 94C, occurs at the output terminal 94. These three pulses are displayed on the third horizontal line on the cathode ray tube face.
  • FIGURE 7 A simple arrangement for such a selective display device is shown in FIGURE 7.
  • a single ring counter 110 driven by a clock pulse source 112, may be employed.
  • the output of the ring counter drives five coincidence gates for each character signal generator employed. Each five gates is designated as a gate set.
  • three gate sets respectively 120,122 and 124 are shown receiving one output from the ring'counter 110 and a second selecting output from a character selection source 126
  • Each one of the character signal generators hasits output connected to the cathode ray display apparatus 128.
  • the synchronizing signals from the ring counter 110 are also applied to the cathode ray display apparatus 128;
  • the character selection source 126 enables one of the sets of gates 120 through 124.v
  • the ring counter 110 in response to the clock signals applies its output successive ly to each one of the five gates in the selected set.
  • the character signal generator associated with the selected set will have the circuitry shown in" either FIGURE 3 or FIGURE 5, commencing with the drive amplifiers 64 through 72, which receive the outputs of the selected gate set.
  • the output of the delay line of each character. signal generator is connected to the cathode ray display apparatus 128.
  • the arrangement shown maybe employed for generating words, or sentences, orany other display.
  • a character signal generator comprising a plurality of transformers each of which has a primary winding and .series, means for magnetically shielding the secondary windings of predetermined ones of said transformers from the primary windings of said predetermined ones of said transformers for preventing a voltage from being induced in said secondary windings in response totcurrent in'said.
  • a character signal generator comprising'a plurality of transformers,each said transformer having a primary and secondary winding, said transformers being arranged in columns and rows, means connecting all the primary windings of transformers in each column in series, means connecting all the secondary windings of the transformers in each row in series, means for magnetically shieldingthe secondary windings of predetermined onesof said transformers from their primary windings, means for apply- 7 ing a current pulse in sequence to each one of the columns of series connected primary windings, whereby a voltage is induced in the secondary windings of those'transformapplying current pulses to said columns of primary windings and to the outputs of said secondary windings for displaying a predetermined character as determinedfby 3.
  • a character signal generator comprising a plurality of transformers arranged in columns and rows, each of said transformers having a primarywinding and a secondcitingin sequence with ajc'u'rrent pulse each one of said columns of said series connected primary windings, a delay line having taps spaced therealong, means connecting each of said rows of series connected secondary windings to a different tap along said delay line, display means connected to the output of said delay line, and means for applying to said display means synchronizing signals from said means for sequentially exiting said columns of series connected primary windings for displaying the signals received by said display means from said one end 'of said delay line.
  • the primary windings of said plurality of transformers comprise printed circuit wiring deposited on a first board
  • the secondary windings of said plurality of transformers comprise printed circuit wiring deposited upon a second board, said second board being superimposed upon said first board to provide magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary winding
  • said shield means for preventing magnetic coupling between the primary windings and secondary windings of predetermined ones of said transformers comprises a magnetic shield which is inserted between said first and second boards.
  • a character signal generator comprising a plurality -of transformers arranged in columns and rows, each of said transformers having a primary and secondary winding, means connecting in series the primary windings of each column of transformers, means connecting in series the secondary windings of each row of transformers, shield means for preventing magnetic coupling between predetermined ones of said primary and secondary windings in QCCOIdHllCfliWlih the shape of a predetermined character desired to be displayed, a counter having each ings of each row of transformers to a different one of said delay line tapping points, means for energizing said counterto sequentially advance its count to sequentially excite the series connected primary windings of each column of transformers, and means to which said delay line output is applied for displaying in successive lines after each output of said counter the signals received from the series connected secondary windings, of said rows .of transformers.
  • a character signal generator comprising a plurality of transformers disposed in rows and columns, each said transformer having a primary'and secondary winding, means connecting the primary windings of each column of transformers in series, means connecting the secondary windings of each row of transformers in series, shield means for preventing magnetic coupling between predetermined ones of said primary and secondary winding in accordance with the shape of a predetermined character desired to be displayed, a ring counter, means for ad- ;vancing said ring counter through its successive count states, means for connecting each count state output to the series connected primary windingsrof a different column of transformers, an inhibit gate for each row of secondary windings of each row of transformers to the the location of the ones of said transformers having their. secondary windings shielded from their primary windings.”
  • ary winding means connecting -in series the primary windings of each column of transformers, means' conpredeterminedones of said transformers inaccordance.]'
  • apparatus for providing signals from which said spots are derived comprising a plurality of transformers having primary windings in the form of printed circuit conductors on one board and secondary windings in the form of printed circuit conductors on a second board, said first and second boards being superimposed on one another, and a magnetic shield positioned between the first and second boards for preventing magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary windings of predetermined ones of said transformers in accordance with the signals desired for forming a predetermined character.
  • apparatus for providing signals from which said spots are derived comprising a plurality of transformers disposed in rows and columns, each transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary windings of each separate column of transformers being connected in series, the secondary windings of each separate row of transformers being connected in series, said separate series connected columns of primary windings comprising printed circuit conductors on a first substrate, said separate rows of series connected secondary windings comprising printed circuit conductors on a second substrate, said second substarte being superimposed on said first substrate, a magnetic shield inserted between said first and second substrate, said magnetic shield being shaped for preventing magnetic coupling between predetermined ones of said transformer primary and secondary windings in accordance with a character desired to be displayed, means for successively applying current pulses to each separate column of series connected primary windings, means for spacing the signals induced in said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
US254137A 1963-01-28 1963-01-28 Cathode ray tube control matrix employing magnetic shields Expired - Lifetime US3202980A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL124050D NL124050C (de) 1963-01-28
BE642790D BE642790A (de) 1963-01-28
NL302549D NL302549A (de) 1963-01-28
US254137A US3202980A (en) 1963-01-28 1963-01-28 Cathode ray tube control matrix employing magnetic shields
GB47077/63A GB998448A (en) 1963-01-28 1963-11-28 Improvements in or relating to character signal generators
DED43421A DE1262647B (de) 1963-01-28 1964-01-22 Zeichensignalerzeugungsvorrichtung
FR961476A FR1387408A (fr) 1963-01-28 1964-01-24 Générateur de signaux de caractère

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US254137A US3202980A (en) 1963-01-28 1963-01-28 Cathode ray tube control matrix employing magnetic shields

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US3202980A true US3202980A (en) 1965-08-24

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US254137A Expired - Lifetime US3202980A (en) 1963-01-28 1963-01-28 Cathode ray tube control matrix employing magnetic shields

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US (1) US3202980A (de)
BE (1) BE642790A (de)
DE (1) DE1262647B (de)
GB (1) GB998448A (de)
NL (2) NL302549A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3406377A (en) * 1965-02-02 1968-10-15 Bernard Edward Shlesinger Jr. Electrical cross-bar switch having sensing means in close proximity to the cross points of the switch
US4564917A (en) * 1982-07-29 1986-01-14 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Speed display device for automotive vehicle

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2814031A (en) * 1955-08-26 1957-11-19 Ibm Magnetic storage keyboard
US2856597A (en) * 1956-07-26 1958-10-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Matrix translator
US3012240A (en) * 1958-10-28 1961-12-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Digital-to-analog converter
US3027548A (en) * 1956-12-17 1962-03-27 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electromagnetic coupling arrangements
US3103658A (en) * 1958-01-13 1963-09-10 Ibm Character generation system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2814031A (en) * 1955-08-26 1957-11-19 Ibm Magnetic storage keyboard
US2856597A (en) * 1956-07-26 1958-10-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Matrix translator
US3027548A (en) * 1956-12-17 1962-03-27 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electromagnetic coupling arrangements
US3103658A (en) * 1958-01-13 1963-09-10 Ibm Character generation system
US3012240A (en) * 1958-10-28 1961-12-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Digital-to-analog converter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3406377A (en) * 1965-02-02 1968-10-15 Bernard Edward Shlesinger Jr. Electrical cross-bar switch having sensing means in close proximity to the cross points of the switch
US4564917A (en) * 1982-07-29 1986-01-14 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Speed display device for automotive vehicle

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Publication number Publication date
NL124050C (de)
DE1262647B (de) 1968-03-07
BE642790A (de)
GB998448A (en) 1965-07-14
NL302549A (de)

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