US3199284A - Process for making yarn from a thermoplastic strip - Google Patents

Process for making yarn from a thermoplastic strip Download PDF

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Publication number
US3199284A
US3199284A US297510A US29751063A US3199284A US 3199284 A US3199284 A US 3199284A US 297510 A US297510 A US 297510A US 29751063 A US29751063 A US 29751063A US 3199284 A US3199284 A US 3199284A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strip
yarn
piercings
thermoplastic
portions
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Expired - Lifetime
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US297510A
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English (en)
Inventor
Seragg Frederick
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Ernest Seragg & Sons Ltd
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Ernest Seragg & Sons Ltd
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Priority to US434257A priority Critical patent/US3273329A/en
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Publication of US3199284A publication Critical patent/US3199284A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
    • D01D5/426—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments by cutting films
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/06—Threads formed from strip material other than paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/907—Foamed and/or fibrillated

Definitions

  • non-pilling yarns having characteristics similar to those, for example, of a spun yarn such as cotton or wool, by applying a continuous crimp to the filaments of the yarn made from a continuous synthetic material.
  • Such yarn tends to be highly elasticized, which is to say its extension under a relatively small tensioning force is excessive, although the bulk of the yarn may be satisfactory.
  • pilling is, of course, prevented with such yarn, the fact that the yarn possesses a series of radially extending kinks or loops provide the disadvantage that the material tends to catch on the fingers as well as to be excessively elastic and to elongate far too readily and easily for many purposes.
  • thermoplastic material which will not have the extreme elongation capability of conventional twist-crimped yarn and which at the same tirne will be non-pilling.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a yarn which not only cannot be elongated excessively and will not pill, but in addition which has a bulk and feel very similar to that of natural spun yarn.
  • the invention includes, in a process for manufacturing a textile yarn, the steps of piercing a thermoplastic filament-forming strip at a plurality of closely-spaced locations distributed along the strip, and then drawing the thus-pierced strip to increase the length and reduce the width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof, and the thus-expanded strip is brodrawn strip is then transversely expanded so as to widen the piercings thereof, and the thus-expanded strip is bro ken at a plurality of portions thereof which separate ad- 3,l%,24 Patented Aug. 10, 1965 ice joining piercings so as to provide the strip with a plurality of free projecting portions, and then the thus-treated strip is twisted for the final yarn to be formed therefrom.
  • a textile yarn which consists of an elongated twisted thermoplastic strip which is formed with a plurality of piercings distributed thereal-ong and which has a plurality of free projecting portions distributed along the yarn and projecting from the exterior surface thereof as well as embodied in the interior thereof.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a portion of a thermoplastic strip which has been slit in accordance with one of the steps of the process of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the strip of FIG. 1 after it has been drawn in accordance with a further step of the process of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a portion of the strip of FIG. 2 after it has been transversely expanded and broken according to further features of the present invention.
  • PEG. 4 is an illustration of a portion of the yarn of the present invention.
  • thermoplastic filament-forming material such as nylon
  • the strip 1 has been pierced at closely-spaced locations so as tobe provided with a plurality of slits 2 in a manner similar to that used in the manufacture of expanded metal, or by the use of rotary knives.
  • the strip 1 must be made of a material which is capable of being drawn, and inasmuch as most filament-forming materials are thermoplastic, the drawing should in the case of a thermoplastic material be carried out with the use of suitably heated drawing apparatus. However, in the case of non-thermoplastic material the drawing can be carried out without any heating of the material.
  • *IG. 2 shows the condition of the strip 1 after it has been drawn. It will be noted that not only has the width of this strip decreased while the length thereof has correspondingly increased, but in addition the slits 2 have become elongated and in this Way formed into the longer slits 3 while at the same time the widths of the portions 4 located between the elongated parallel longitudinally extending slits has also diminished, so that the slits are located closer together in FIG. 2 than they are in FIG. 1.
  • the drawing step is important for the production of a yarn according to the invention inasmuch as each individual filament of an artificial yarn has a diameter on the order of 0.0006 inch and therefore it would be extremely difiicult to pierce a sheet of material which itself has a thickness of 0.001 inch or less with a pattern of slits so closely spaced that the material without any drawing could be made into a yarn.
  • the drawing step in which the material may be extended from four to twenty times its length before drawing, depending upon the nature of the material it used for the strip and the drawing temperature, it is clear that the slits can be spaced at substantial distances from each other and a thicker material can be used for the initial slitting step, while the final dimensions of the individual filamentary structures may be of the desired order. It is to be noted, however, that the dimensions of the strips and slits shown in the drawings are illustrative only and that in fact a much greater draw is possible than that which has been shown in FIG. 2 as compared to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the condition of a portion of the strip 7 panding operation inwhich the strip is pulled'transverselv so as to be transversely expanded and thus made to resemble expanded metal, as is apparent from PEG. 3.
  • This transverse expanding operation is preferably carried out continuously, and a device similar to a tenter may be employed for this purpose, suitably modified with respect to dimensions. Thereafter, a further operation is effected, according to which some of the filamentary structures are broken as indicated at the regions 5 in FIG. 3, while other filamentary structures, as illustrated .at the regions 6 in FIG. 3, remain unbroken.
  • portions of the strip which separate adjoining slots or piercings thereof are broken, as indicated at 5.
  • This breaking of the strip'r'nay be brought about by subjecting the strip to continuous or interrupted blasts of very high pressure air from minute air jets, or by bombarding the strip with a sand blast.
  • the particles in the blast may be edged as the case of sand, or they may be spherical and made of metal or glass, and the piercing may be assisted by heating the particles so that severance of the filamentary structures is effected cleanly.
  • the piercing of the strip is carried out in a series of parallel lines, this feature is not essential.
  • the strip'rnay be pierced with a series of holes in predetermined positions as by the use of combs with multiple needles, or by piercing at rana series of random crimps, the resulting twisted yarn then having a very high proportion of air spaces compared with its total volume.
  • the piercing of the strip can be brought about by a comb or similar structure having a large number of needle points or alternatively by a blast of particlesof metal or glass of suitable size which is directed against the material so that the particles pierce it, and these particles may be heated in order to assist the piercing of the'thermoplastic strip.
  • the required number of strippoitions may be broken or cut by passing the drawn strip, if necessary in an extended condition, beneath a further jet of particles, the number and size of which are adjusted to break the required percentage of strip portions, or by an air jet, or even by abrasion as a result of brushing the strip.
  • all of the operations are carried out in a continuous manner, the piercing, expanding, breaking and twisting operations following one another in a single machine, although several machines located in such a way that the yarn-forming material passes continuously from one to the other may be used.
  • the pierced, drawn or broken material may be wrapped on bobbins after each operation if it is found that such winding and storage is desirable, and the present invention is intended to cover both the continuous and discontinuous processes of manufacture.
  • a relatively low twist is applied to the strip of FIG. 3 in order to form the yarn of FIG. 4, and this yarn has a natural yarn-like characteristic in that it is only slightly extensible and in that a plurality, of filamentary free end portions protrude from the surface of the yarn.
  • this yarn has a natural yarn-like characteristic in that it is only slightly extensible and in that a plurality, of filamentary free end portions protrude from the surface of the yarn.
  • the yarn Before the yarn is twisted it may be heated to a point below its melting temperature under a condition of very low tension,so that each filament portion may develop.
  • a process for manufacturing a textile yarn comprising the steps of piercing an elongated thermoplastic filament-forming strip at a plurality of relatively closelyspaced locations distributed along the strip; drawing the strip so as to, increase the length and reduce the width thereof while elongatingthe pierced portions of the strip so as to form elongated piercings which extend longitudinally of said strip; breaking a plurality of strip portions which extend between pairs of transversely spaced adjoiningelon ated piercingsto provide. the strip with 'a plurality of free projecting portions; and then twisting the strip to form a yarn therefrom.
  • a process for manufacturinga textile yarn comprising the steps of forming'in an elongated thermoplastic strip of filament-forming material a plurality of'elongated parallel slits; drawing the slitted strip; extending the thus-drawn strip transversely; breaking some of the portions of the strip which extend between pairs of adjoining slits thereof; and then twisting the elongated strip.
  • a process for manufacturing a textile yarn comprising the steps of longitudinally slitting an elongated thermoplastic filament-formingstrip with a plurality of substantially parallel slits located relatively close to each other and distributed longitudinally along the strip;
  • a process for manufacturing a textile yarn comprising the steps of piercing an elongated strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material at a plurality of relatively closely spaced locations distributed longitudinally along the strip; drawing the strip to increase the length and decrease the width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof; expanding the strip transversely so as to widen said piercings; directing against the strip a highvelocity air jet in which high-speed particles are suspended for breaking the strip at some of the portions which separate adjoining piercings from each other; and twistin the strip.
  • a process for manufacturing a textile yarn comprising the steps of piercing a strip of thermoplastic filazent-forrning material at a plurality of relatively closely spaced locations distributed longitudinally along the strip; drawing the stri to increase the length and de crease the width thereof While elongating the piercings thereof; expanding the strip transversely to widen the piercings; directing against the strip a jet of heated particles which break the strip at a plurality of portions which separate adjoining piercings from each other; and then twisting the strip.
  • a yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of piercing a strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material at a plurality of relatively closely spaced locations distributed longitudinally along the strip; drawing the strip to increase the length and decrease the Width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof; transversely ex panding the strip to widen the piercings thereof; directing against the strip a jet of sand particles for breaking the strip at a plurality of portions which separate adjoining piercings from each other; and then twisting the strip to form a yarn therefrom.
  • a yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of piercin at a plurality of relatively closely spaced locations a strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material; drawing the thus-pierced strip to increase the length and decrease the width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof; transversely expanding the thus-drawn strip for widening the piercings thereof; directing against the thusexpanded strip a jet of glass particles which break the strip at a plurality of portions which separate adjoining piercings from each other; and then twisting the thusbroken strip into a yarn.
  • a yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of piercing a strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material at a plurality of relatively closely-spaced locations distributed longitudinally along the strip; drawing the thuspierced strip to increase the length and decrease the width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof; transversely expanding the strip to widen the piercings thereof; directing against the strip a jet of metal particles which break portions of the strip which separate adjoining piercings thereof; and then twisting the thus-broken strip.
  • a process for manufacturing a textile yarn comprising the steps of applying rotating knives against a strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material to provide in this strip a plurality of elongated slits which are relatively closely spaced and extend along the strip; drawing the strip to increase the length and decrease the width thereof while elongating the slits thereof; transversely expanding the thus-drawn strip to widen the slits thereof; breaking the strip at a plurality of portions which separate adjoining slits; and twisting the strip.
  • a textile yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of applying needle combs to a strip of thermoplastic iilament-forming material to slit the latter; drawing the thus-slit strip to increase the length and reduce the width thereof while elongating the slits; transversely expanding the thus-drawn strip; breaking the strip at a plurality of portions thereof which separate adjoining slits; and then twisting the thus-broken strip into a yarn.
  • a textile yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of directing a jet of high-speed particles against a strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material for piercing the latter at a plurality of relatively closelyspaced locations distributed longitudinally along the strip; drawing the thus-pierced strip to increase the length and decrease the width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof; transversely expanding the thus drawn strip to widen the piercings thereof; breaking the thus-expanded strip at portions which separate adjoining piercings from each other; and then twisting the thus-broken strip into a yarn.
  • a yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of piercing a strip of thermoplastic filament-forming material at a plurality of closely-spaced locations distributed along the strip; drawing the thus-pierced material without increasing the temperature thereof in order to increase the length and decrease the width of the strip While elongating the piercings thereof; transversely expanding the thus-drawn strip to widen the piercings; breaking the strip at a plurality of locations which separate adjoining piercings from each other; and then twisting the thus-broken strip to form a yarn therefrom.
  • a textile yarn manufacturing process comprising the steps of piercing a strip of thermoplastic filamentforming material at a plurality of closely spaced locations distributed longitudinally along the strip; drawing the thuspierced strip at an elevated temperature to increase the length and reduce the width thereof while elongating the piercings thereof; transversely expanding the thus-drawn strip to widen the piercings thereof; breaking portions of the strip which separate adjoining piercings thereof; and then twisting the thus-broken strip into a yarn.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US297510A 1962-07-26 1963-07-25 Process for making yarn from a thermoplastic strip Expired - Lifetime US3199284A (en)

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US434257A US3273329A (en) 1963-07-25 1965-02-23 Textile yarns

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GB28710/62A GB1058182A (en) 1962-07-26 1962-07-26 Improvements in the production of textile yarns

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3395525A (en) * 1967-01-13 1968-08-06 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for frictionally fibrillating films
US3401517A (en) * 1967-01-16 1968-09-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of fibrillation
US3471604A (en) * 1966-02-16 1969-10-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Preworking film
US3474611A (en) * 1966-09-05 1969-10-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method of making fibrous yarns and apparatus therefor
US3500627A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-03-17 Hercules Inc Synthetic textile yarn
US3631666A (en) * 1970-01-15 1972-01-04 Hercules Inc Method of preparing blended yarns
US3769120A (en) * 1968-05-31 1973-10-30 Fribourg Sa Method for making thermoplastic net-like product
US3791129A (en) * 1971-09-03 1974-02-12 Shuford Mills Inc Rope and its manufacture
US3885074A (en) * 1971-05-21 1975-05-20 Breveteam Sa Thermoplastic net
US3981952A (en) * 1971-07-27 1976-09-21 Lambeg Industrial Research Association Fibrous materials
US4433536A (en) 1981-09-23 1984-02-28 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Spiral wrapped synthetic twine and method of manufacturing same
US4478900A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-10-23 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Woven fabric containing partially fibrillated textile yarn
WO2013092622A1 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-27 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Rope comprising at least one fibrillated film tape
CN103614793A (zh) * 2013-12-02 2014-03-05 宜宾丝丽雅股份有限公司 粘胶扁平单丝生产的新工艺

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2336100A (en) * 1937-11-04 1943-12-07 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Process of producing twists of organic thermoplastic material
US2853741A (en) * 1954-05-27 1958-09-30 Dow Chemical Co Fibrous article and method of preparing the same from polymeric films
US2867890A (en) * 1955-11-30 1959-01-13 Baxter Edna Florence Method of making decorative material
US2869967A (en) * 1957-08-23 1959-01-20 Du Pont Bulky yarn
US2920349A (en) * 1957-09-10 1960-01-12 Du Pont Polyethylene films
US2948103A (en) * 1960-08-09 Process for the manufacture of
US2954587A (en) * 1954-05-29 1960-10-04 Rasmussen Ole-Bendt Method of producing fibrous materials
GB864695A (en) * 1957-06-11 1961-04-06 Du Pont Artificial yarn-like structures and process for their production by fibrillation
US3001359A (en) * 1954-11-04 1961-09-26 Ceolon Ges K E Merckle Method of producing threads of foamed material
US3081519A (en) * 1962-01-31 1963-03-19 Fibrillated strand

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2948103A (en) * 1960-08-09 Process for the manufacture of
US2336100A (en) * 1937-11-04 1943-12-07 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Process of producing twists of organic thermoplastic material
US2853741A (en) * 1954-05-27 1958-09-30 Dow Chemical Co Fibrous article and method of preparing the same from polymeric films
US2954587A (en) * 1954-05-29 1960-10-04 Rasmussen Ole-Bendt Method of producing fibrous materials
US3001359A (en) * 1954-11-04 1961-09-26 Ceolon Ges K E Merckle Method of producing threads of foamed material
US2867890A (en) * 1955-11-30 1959-01-13 Baxter Edna Florence Method of making decorative material
GB864695A (en) * 1957-06-11 1961-04-06 Du Pont Artificial yarn-like structures and process for their production by fibrillation
US2869967A (en) * 1957-08-23 1959-01-20 Du Pont Bulky yarn
US2920349A (en) * 1957-09-10 1960-01-12 Du Pont Polyethylene films
US3081519A (en) * 1962-01-31 1963-03-19 Fibrillated strand

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3471604A (en) * 1966-02-16 1969-10-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Preworking film
US3474611A (en) * 1966-09-05 1969-10-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method of making fibrous yarns and apparatus therefor
US3395525A (en) * 1967-01-13 1968-08-06 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for frictionally fibrillating films
US3401517A (en) * 1967-01-16 1968-09-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of fibrillation
US3769120A (en) * 1968-05-31 1973-10-30 Fribourg Sa Method for making thermoplastic net-like product
US3500627A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-03-17 Hercules Inc Synthetic textile yarn
US3631666A (en) * 1970-01-15 1972-01-04 Hercules Inc Method of preparing blended yarns
US3885074A (en) * 1971-05-21 1975-05-20 Breveteam Sa Thermoplastic net
US3981952A (en) * 1971-07-27 1976-09-21 Lambeg Industrial Research Association Fibrous materials
US3791129A (en) * 1971-09-03 1974-02-12 Shuford Mills Inc Rope and its manufacture
US4433536A (en) 1981-09-23 1984-02-28 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Spiral wrapped synthetic twine and method of manufacturing same
US4478900A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-10-23 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Woven fabric containing partially fibrillated textile yarn
WO2013092622A1 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-27 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Rope comprising at least one fibrillated film tape
CN103614793A (zh) * 2013-12-02 2014-03-05 宜宾丝丽雅股份有限公司 粘胶扁平单丝生产的新工艺
CN103614793B (zh) * 2013-12-02 2016-02-10 宜宾丝丽雅股份有限公司 粘胶扁平单丝生产的新工艺

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Publication number Publication date
GB1058182A (en) 1967-02-08
DE1435668A1 (de) 1969-02-20

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