US3194879A - Electrical anti-interference insulators - Google Patents

Electrical anti-interference insulators Download PDF

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Publication number
US3194879A
US3194879A US351312A US35131264A US3194879A US 3194879 A US3194879 A US 3194879A US 351312 A US351312 A US 351312A US 35131264 A US35131264 A US 35131264A US 3194879 A US3194879 A US 3194879A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
head
groove
rib
cap
pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US351312A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hopwood Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilkington Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Pilkington Brothers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pilkington Brothers Ltd filed Critical Pilkington Brothers Ltd
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Publication of US3194879A publication Critical patent/US3194879A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention provides an electrical cap and pin insulator comprising a dielectric body consisting of a hollow head, an integral skirtextending radially and downwardly from the head, and an annular rib extending downwardlyffrom the head under the skirt and having an inner surface of conical shape splayed outwardly and downwardlyk from the inner surface of the head, the region where the rib joins the head being formed as an annular groove joining the inner surface ofthe head to said conical inner surface of the rib, an electricallyconductive ycap cemented over the outer surface of the head, an electricallyconductive pin cemented inside the head, and conducting means electrically connecting the whole surface of said groove to the pin, the depth and shape of the groove and the conical shape of the inner surface of the rib being such that in use the electric field in the dielectric body
  • Another object of the invention is to minimise or prevent electrical discharges which would otherwise occur between the lower edge 'of the cap and the upper surface of the skirt of the dielectric body.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a specially 'shaped dielectric body for an electrical inice sulator, for example a toughened glass body or a porcelain body of a cap and pin insulator.
  • FIGURE l is a section on a diameter through a cap and pin insulator according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagram showing the shape of the electric eld in part of the dielectric body of theinsulator of FIGURE l when in use.
  • an electrical cap and pin insulator for supporting a high-voltage power line comprises a dielectric body consisting of a hollow head 1 and an integral skirt 2 extending radially and downwardly from the head 1.
  • the insulator is one of a number of insulators which are connected together to form an insulator assembly or stack for ⁇ supporting a high-voltage power line.
  • the dielectric body' may be a moulded and toughened glass body, or a moulded porcelain body.
  • the insulator is connected to identical adjacent insulators by means of cap and pin connectors which are electrically-conductive.
  • a cap 3 has a specially shaped internal cavity 4 which tits over the head 1 of the dielectric body, and the cap is attached to the head by a joint 5 of electricallyeconductive cement.
  • the inner surface of the lower part 6 of the cap slopes inwardly so that when the cement 5 has set, any force on the cap tending to pull the cap 3 and the dielectric body apart causes the lower part 6 of the cap to tighten on to the head 1 by reason of the outwardly splayed shape of the outer surface of the head 1.
  • An electrically-conductive pin connector 7 is cemented inside the head by a joint 8 of electrically-conductive cement.
  • the upper end 9 of the pin 7 is of conical shape and increases in diameter towards the top of the pin.
  • the diameter of the upper part l@ of the inside surface of the head also increases towards the top of the head so that when the insulator is assembled in an insulator chain any pull on the pin 7 causes the cement 3 between the upper end 9 of the pin and the conically shaped sur face 1i) of the inside of the head, to bind on to the surface 10, so increasing the strength of the' joint between the pin and the head.
  • the lower end of the pin 7 is shaped as a ball 11 which engages in a socket 12 in the top of the cap 3 of the next lower insulator in the chain. Normally the ball 11 would be held in the socket 12 of the next lower insulator cap by a spring clip (not shown) in well known manner.
  • the dielectric body also includes integral annular ribs 13, 14 and 15.
  • the ribs 14 and 15 extend downwardly underneath the skirt 2, and the rib 13 extends downwardly iromthe bottom ofthe head 1 under the skirt 2.
  • the inner surface 16 of the rib 13 is of conical shape splayed outwardly and downwardly from the lower part 17 of the 4inner surface of the head 1, which part 17 is of substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the region where the inner surface 16 of thefrib joins the inner surface 17 of the head is formed as an annular groove 18 of curved cross-section which extends'into the dielectric body in that region.
  • the groove 18 joins the vinner surface 17 of the enea-,are
  • the whole surface of the groove 18 is provided with a coating 19 of an electrically conductive material, for example sprayed metal, and the cement i which holds the pin 7 in the hollow head iills the groove 1S and terminates at the lower edge of the groove so that the whole surface of the groove is electrically connected to the pin 7 by conducting means constituted by the coating 19 and the electrically conductive cement
  • conducting means constituted by the coating 19 and the electrically conductive cement
  • the dielectric body is formed with a second annular groove 20 which is formed in the upper surface of the body in the region where the upper surface 21 of the skirt 2 joins the outer surface 22 of the head 1.
  • the groove 26 dips into the dielectric body at the bottom of the outer surface 22 of the head and is of flattened U-shape in crosssection so that it can easily receive and accommodate the thickened lower edge 23 yof the lower part 6 of the cap 3.
  • the whole surface of the groove Ztl is provided with a coating 24 of electrically conductive material, for example sprayed metal, and thecement 5 which cements the cap 3 to the head 1 of the dielectric body fills the groove 2t? so that the lower edge 23 of the cap 3 is embedded in cement in the groove 20.
  • This arrangement ensures that the whole surface of the groove Ztl is electrically connected to the cap 3 through the cement in the groove and the coating 2d on the inner surface of the groove.
  • the cement ⁇ fills the grooves 18 and 2t), but the cement need not till the grooves las long as it is in good electrical connection with the coatings 19 and 24 on the groove surface.
  • the whole of the outer surface 22 of the head may be coated with electrically conductive material such as sprayed metal, as may the whole of the inner surface 1d, 17 Aof the head.
  • electrically conductive material such as sprayed metal
  • the shape of the grooved dielectric body affects the electric eld in the space 25 between the surface 16 of the rib 13 and the pin 7.
  • the depth and shape of the groove 18 are such that in use the electric field which is generated in the dielectric body is shaped by the groove 18 and the conical inner surface 16 of the rib 13, in such a way as to produce a low electric stress in the space 25 thereby minimising or preventing electric discharges in that space.
  • FIGURE 2 shows equipotential lines, indicated by dotted lines, defining the electric field as it exists lin the dielectric body and the air surrounding the dielectric body, when the insulator is in use.
  • FIGURE 2 shows in detail a part of the insulator including the dielectric body, the cap 3 and the pin 7.
  • the dielectric material of the dielectric body for example glass or porcelain is of a high electrical permittivity as compared to that of air, and this leads to a large proportion of the electric stress in the region where the field emerges from the bottom of the head 1 of the insulator being developed in the air around the insulator rather than in the dielectric material.
  • a potential difference exists between the cap 3 and the pin 7, and this results in the field concentration which is indicated in FIGURE 2 in the head 1 of the dielectric body.
  • this field seeks to emerge into the surrounding air and the groove 18 formed in the dielectric body is of such a size, depth and position that, in combination with the conically shaped -inner surface 16 of the rib 13, it shapes the electric eld so that there is no concentration i of electric stress in the region 25 between the inner surface 16 of the rib 13 and the surface of the pin 7, where electrical discharges would otherwise occur.
  • FIGURE 2 There is shown in FIGURE 2 how equipotential surfaces 26 and 27 are diverted back into the dielectric material by the groove 1S, and are further diverted away from the region 2S when they emerge from the dielectric material by being refracted through the outwardly splayed surface 16 of the rib 13 so that the region 25 between the rib 13 and the pin 7 is a region of relatively low electric stress.
  • the shape of the rib 13 and the groove 18 are such that in practice under any potential difference which might exist between the cap 3 and the pin 7 the electric stress in the region 25 never reaches a value which would cause a breakdown in the air gap and consequential discharges between the pin 7 and the rib 13, which discharges would give rise to radio interference.
  • the cement referred to herein may be any material effecting a metal/dielectric or dielectric/dielectric joint, for example electrically conductive cementitious material.
  • a multi-part insulator that is an insulator assembly having a number of dielectric parts bonded to each other without intervening metal components
  • two adjacent dielectric bodies may be attached to each other by a layer of electrically conductive cement which forms a joint.
  • a number of dielectric bodies according to the invention each comprising a hollow head and a radially extending skirt may fit into each other, a joint between adjacent bodies being effected by electrically conductive cement and the inner and outer surface of each head being grooved adjacent the periphery of the cement joint.
  • An electrical cap and pin insulator comprising a dielectric body consisting of a hollow head, an integral skirt extending radially and downwardly from the head, and an annular rib extending downwardly from the head under the skirt and having an inner surface of conical shape splayed outwardly and downwardly from the inner surface of the head, the inner surface of the body being formed with an annular groove which forms a radial depression around the inner surface of the body and joins the inner surface of the head t0 said conical inner surface of the rib, an electrically-conductive cap cemented over the outer surface of the head, an electrically-conductive pin cemented inside the head, and conducting means electrically connecting the whole surface of said groove to the pin, the depth and shape of the groove and the conical shape of the inner surface of the rib being such that in use the electric field in the dielectric body is shaped by the groove and the rib in such a way as to produce a low electric stress in the space between the inner surface of said rib and the pin, thereby minimising or preventing
  • dielectric body is formed with a second annular groove in its upper surface in the region where the upper surface of the skirt joins the outer surface of the head, ⁇ the lower edge of the cap is located in said second groove, and second conducting means electrically connects the whole surface of said second groove to the cap thereby minimising orpreventing electric discharges between the lower edge of the cap and the upper surface of the skirt.
  • a dielectric body consisting of a hollow head, an integral skirt extending radially and downwardly from the head, and an annular rib extending downwardly from the head under the skirt and having an inner surface of conical shape splayed outwardly and 'downwardly from the inner surface of the head, the inner surface of the body being formed with an annular groove which forms a radial depression around the inner surface of the body and joins the inner surface of the head to said conical inner surface of the rib, 'the depth and shape of the groove and the conical shape of the inner surface of the rib being such that in rib 5.
  • a dielectric body dielectric body is formed wi in its upper surface in a second region where surface of the skirt joins the outer surface of the head, which second groove has a U-shaped cross-section of such a depth and shape that from the skirt in said second from the head so as to pro air adjoining said second groove.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
US351312A 1961-03-01 1964-03-12 Electrical anti-interference insulators Expired - Lifetime US3194879A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7549/61A GB1009571A (en) 1961-03-01 1961-03-01 Improvements in or relating to electrical insulators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3194879A true US3194879A (en) 1965-07-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US351312A Expired - Lifetime US3194879A (en) 1961-03-01 1964-03-12 Electrical anti-interference insulators

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3194879A (no)
AT (1) AT245074B (no)
BE (1) BE614557A (no)
BR (1) BR6236826D0 (no)
CH (1) CH420306A (no)
DE (1) DE1287180B (no)
DK (1) DK111760B (no)
ES (1) ES274996A1 (no)
GB (1) GB1009571A (no)
NO (1) NO115007B (no)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324659A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-06-13 David C Byers Electrostatic thrustor with improved insulators
US3848076A (en) * 1973-12-17 1974-11-12 H Greber Supplemental insulation with bypass impedance for electrical lines
US5977487A (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-11-02 Hoechst Ceramtec Aktiengesellschaft High voltage insulator of ceramic material having shrink-fit cap and method of making
US5981878A (en) * 1996-04-22 1999-11-09 Hubbell Incorporated Polymer insulators with metal caps
US6265669B1 (en) * 1996-08-12 2001-07-24 Clyde N. Richards Semiconductive attachment disc for insulators to reduce electrical stress-induced corrosion
RU2722921C2 (ru) * 2018-07-16 2020-06-04 Акционерное общество "Ю.М.Э.К." (АО "Ю.М.Э.К.") Высоковольтный подвесной изолятор

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE337289C (de) * 1916-07-25 1921-05-28 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Freileitungsisolator fuer Hochspannung
US1994282A (en) * 1934-06-02 1935-03-12 Ohio Brass Co Fog type insulator
US1994281A (en) * 1933-01-17 1935-03-12 Ohio Brass Co Insulator
US2154387A (en) * 1938-05-24 1939-04-11 R Thomas & Sons Company Electric insulator
US2239809A (en) * 1939-03-09 1941-04-29 Ohio Brass Co Insulator
US2275208A (en) * 1940-07-11 1942-03-03 Ohio Brass Co Electric insulator
GB586065A (en) * 1945-05-21 1947-03-05 Taylor Tunnicliff And Company Improvements in electric insulators

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT75616B (de) * 1916-01-24 1919-02-25 Porzellanfab Rosenthal & Co Ag Mehrteiligen Hochspannungsporzellanisolator.
CH100296A (de) * 1922-02-06 1923-07-16 Porzellanfab Rosenthal & Co Ag Hängeisolator der Kappen- und Bolzentype.
DE535660C (de) * 1927-11-23 1931-10-14 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isolatoren
DE1818752U (de) * 1957-10-18 1960-09-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Isolator mit auf- bzw. eingekitteter metallener armatur.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE337289C (de) * 1916-07-25 1921-05-28 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Freileitungsisolator fuer Hochspannung
US1994281A (en) * 1933-01-17 1935-03-12 Ohio Brass Co Insulator
US1994282A (en) * 1934-06-02 1935-03-12 Ohio Brass Co Fog type insulator
US2154387A (en) * 1938-05-24 1939-04-11 R Thomas & Sons Company Electric insulator
US2239809A (en) * 1939-03-09 1941-04-29 Ohio Brass Co Insulator
US2275208A (en) * 1940-07-11 1942-03-03 Ohio Brass Co Electric insulator
GB586065A (en) * 1945-05-21 1947-03-05 Taylor Tunnicliff And Company Improvements in electric insulators

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324659A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-06-13 David C Byers Electrostatic thrustor with improved insulators
US3848076A (en) * 1973-12-17 1974-11-12 H Greber Supplemental insulation with bypass impedance for electrical lines
US5977487A (en) * 1994-06-17 1999-11-02 Hoechst Ceramtec Aktiengesellschaft High voltage insulator of ceramic material having shrink-fit cap and method of making
US5981878A (en) * 1996-04-22 1999-11-09 Hubbell Incorporated Polymer insulators with metal caps
US6265669B1 (en) * 1996-08-12 2001-07-24 Clyde N. Richards Semiconductive attachment disc for insulators to reduce electrical stress-induced corrosion
RU2722921C2 (ru) * 2018-07-16 2020-06-04 Акционерное общество "Ю.М.Э.К." (АО "Ю.М.Э.К.") Высоковольтный подвесной изолятор

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES274996A1 (es) 1962-07-16
AT245074B (de) 1966-02-10
BE614557A (fr) 1962-07-02
DK111760B (da) 1968-10-07
CH420306A (de) 1966-09-15
DE1287180B (de) 1969-01-16
NO115007B (no) 1968-07-01
GB1009571A (en) 1965-11-10
BR6236826D0 (pt) 1973-05-15

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