US3170834A - Method of dressing crude asbestos - Google Patents

Method of dressing crude asbestos Download PDF

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Publication number
US3170834A
US3170834A US12492A US1249261A US3170834A US 3170834 A US3170834 A US 3170834A US 12492 A US12492 A US 12492A US 1249261 A US1249261 A US 1249261A US 3170834 A US3170834 A US 3170834A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibres
asbestos
shaft
fibre
dressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US12492A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oesterheld Karl Adolf
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DEO7532A external-priority patent/DE1126813B/de
Priority claimed from DEO8052A external-priority patent/DE1139442B/de
Priority claimed from DEO8060A external-priority patent/DE1139443B/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3170834A publication Critical patent/US3170834A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/08—Defibrillating asbestos
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated

Definitions

  • short-fibred asbestos material such as for example material known internationally under the designation 6 and 7, can only be used as filling material if it is added in not tob large quantities by weight to high-grade long asbestos fibres.
  • the fibre material dressed by the method according to the invention represents an absolutely uniformly loosened or opened up fibrousmass which, owing to exceptionally highv capability of the fibres felting or becoming matted, corresponds to the ideal state of the fibre material required for producing articles from asbestos cement and which is moreover also excellently suitable for the production of asbestos spun products and asbestos boards.
  • a test of the asbestos fibres dressed according to the method forming the subject matter of the invention for preparing articles from asbestos cement has unexpectedly shown that it has now become possible to make asbestos cement products which comply with or even exceed the strength factors prescribed by international standards for asbestos cement products without adding longer asbestos fibres that is solely from the asbestos fibres prepared ac cording to the invention which possess at the most the quality of the fibres 6.
  • the entire quantity of cement required for making the asbestos cement finished products can be added to the fibre-liquid mixture already before the treatment of the fibres. If, for example finely ground quartz or finely ground asbestos cement blende is added to the fibre-liquid mixture when dressing crude asbestos, a considerable saving of cement (about 10% of the quantity of cement required without these filling PatentedFeb, 23, 1965 V substances) is achieved. This has the effect on the one hand of lowering the cost of the finished products and on the other hand of considerably improving the elasticity of the finished products.
  • the fibre-liquid mixture in the passage gap which is preferably made adjustable in width, is first fed with slow peripheral speed which then becomes gradually greater between the closely adjacent rigid working surfaces of the conical housing and the conical working body, thereby undergoing thorough vorticity so that the fibres are subjected to torsional effect.
  • a continuous bending to and fro and vigorous rubbing of the fibres against the rigid working surfaces can, however, also be attained with a particularly simple dressing apparatus which consists of a stationary pipe coil preferably arranged with a vertically upright longitudinal axis and which can be suitably adapted in length, radius and free passage cross-section, and which is connected up to the delivery side of a feed pump the speed of rotation of which is adjustable.
  • a particularly simple dressing apparatus which consists of a stationary pipe coil preferably arranged with a vertically upright longitudinal axis and which can be suitably adapted in length, radius and free passage cross-section, and which is connected up to the delivery side of a feed pump the speed of rotation of which is adjustable.
  • the special advantages of such a dressing apparatus are its constructional simplicity, as it has no rotating driven parts, the reliable operation resulting therefrom and the low rate of mechanical wear.
  • the upright arrangement of the pipe coil presents operational advantages as regards simple emptying and flushing out of the pipe coil.
  • an apparatus for the gentle treatment of crude asbestos with delicate fibres between rigid working elements and elastically yieldable counter pressure elements, an apparatus is suitable in which a conical working body composed or having at least a surface layer of rubber or elastically compressible plastic substance is arranged on a shaft mechanically driven with variable speed of rotation and so mounted in a conical housing that its wall surface and the rigid inner working surface of the housing enclose a narrow passage gap in the shape of a hollow truncated cone.
  • the fibre-liquid mixture is thoroughly whirled during this feeding movement and as a result the fibre bundles and the individual fibres are repeatedly bent to and fro in different directions and at the same time a torsioningof the fibres is attained while carefully dressing the fibre material, which is extremely favourable for opening up the fibres.
  • An elastically compressible working body can with advantage be composed of a packet of annular disks of rubber or elastic material clamped on the shaft immediately in contact with each other.
  • an apparatus is also suitable in which the working body consists of a metal body or a metallic hollow body with a coating of rubber or elastically compressible synthetic material.
  • the inner working surface of the conical housing may be provided with depressions extending all around.
  • a sleeve which is adjustable and fixable in the longitudinal direction of the shaft in order to vary the width of the passage gap.
  • a hand-wheel may be screwed onto a screwthreaded section of the shaft outside the housing and, on being operated, moves the sleeve carrying the conical working body backwards and forwards on the shaft.
  • a pressure spring which holds it in its operative position so that it can yield resiliently. If foreign bodies, such as unground clinker, pieces of asbestos blende, stones, pieces of iron or the like get into the passage gap with the fibre-liquid mixture, the conical working body will then yield and the passage gap be temporarily widened so that the foreign body can pass through the gap.
  • the devices for adjusting the width of the truncated conical passage and for the resilient yielding of the conical working body can with advantage be combined by the arrangement of two sleeves on the shaft, one of which sleeves carries the conical working body and the other sleeve is in operative connection with the hand adjusting wheel, whereby the last-mentioned sleeve has a flange serving as supporting surface for a pressure spring, which pushes forward the conical working body into operative position, and for guiding bolts fixed on a plate holding the conical working body and Welded on the shiftable sleeve, said bolts being provided with abuntment nuts on screw threads at their free ends.
  • the end of the shaft carrying the shiftable sleeve with the conical working body is exposed and provided with a conical head piece of hardened steel in the region of the point of the conical housing where the fibre-liquid mixture enters the passage gap.
  • the exposed arrangement of the end of the shaft carrying the elastic working body contributes, on the one hand, to trouble-free working of the dressing apparatus when foreign bodies accidentally get into the truncated conical passage gap and, on the other hand, facilitates the assembly and cleaning of the dressing apparatus.
  • the conical steel headpiece keeps excessively large foreign bodies away from the passage gap and thus protects the dressing apparatus against damage without itself being liable to damage by large foreign bodies.
  • the housing may be constructed in the shape of a double com: the apices or small base surfaces of the two cones being placed together, while the one conical part surrounds the conical working body and the other conical part forms a chamber for the fibre-liquid mixture introduced under pressure.
  • a shaft rotatably mounted inside a cylindrical housing and connected to an adjustable drive is surrounded by an elastically yieldable lining, capable of being inflated with compressed air, and/or by a packet of annular disks, in which rigid annular disks with a bore diameter which is greater than the diameter of the shaft alternate with annular disks of elastically yieldable material, such as rub-- her, with a bore diameter which is equal or approximately equal to the diameter of the shaft;
  • the apparatus is provided with regulating elements by which the pressure of the fibre-liquid mixture fed to one end of the housing and the pressure exerted by the elastically yieldable lining can be adapted to each other so that as the shaft rotates the fibre-liquid mixture is forced between the lining and the shaft with the necessary friction effect and the required bending intensity of the fibres.
  • Another possibility of regulating can be attained by driving the shaft of the apparatus through the intermediary of variable speed gear.
  • the bundles of fibres are subjected to vigorous friction, adjustable in intensity, and at the same time the fibres are bent continuously to and fro, due to the fact that, on the one hand, the liquid pressure producing the feed movement and, on the other hand, a transverse force component act on the rotating shaft.
  • the apparatus consists of two functional parts arranged one behind the other, the fibre bundles already partly loosened in the first functional part are subjected to repeated friction or rubbing owing to the fact that they are forced between the inner edge of the hole of each rubber disk and the shaft, whereby the fibres are bent, in that, on entering the annular chambers bordered by the bores of the rigid annular disks, the fibres turn upwards.
  • the shaft can be provided with one or more helically wound flat ribs on the section clamped by the elastically yieldable counter pressure elements.
  • the object of these ribs is not, however, to force the fibre-liquid mixture through the apparatus; the feeding movement is effected, as has already been mentioned, by the inflow pressure in every case.
  • the helically wound ribs actually serve for bending the fibres into a second plane as they pass between the shaft and the elastically yieldable counter pressure elements.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a first form of construction of a dressing apparatus with two different groups of rigid working elements and elastic counter pressure elements;
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are elevational views, on a smaller scale, of details of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the arrangement of a plant in which the fibre material is circulated several times through the dressing apparatus.
  • reference numeral 1 designates a horizontally arranged elongated housing of a dressing apparatus which has on the left-hand side of this figure a rigid end Wall 2 and is closed on the right-hand side by a screwedon cover 3.
  • a rigid shaft 5 is rotatably mounted which extends through the entire length of the housing 1.
  • Wall 2 is connected to an electric motor 7 through the intermediary of'a variable intermediate gear 6 and can be driven at an adjustable speed.
  • the other endof the shaft passes through a central bearing bore 8 in the cover 3. Lougitudinal channels 9 are formed in the bearing bore 8 for the discharge of the fibre-liquid mixture from the dressing apparatus.
  • annular chamber 10 Behind the end Wall 2 (FIG, 1) there is an annular chamber 10 which is open towards the shaft 5.
  • This annular chamber 10 communicates with a container 13 (FIG. 4) by means of a connecting piece 11 and a pipe conduit 12 connected thereto, which container 13 accommodates asbestos material to be dressed mixed with water or any other suitable liquid.
  • a feed pump 14 In the pipe conduit 12 a feed pump 14 is arranged which feeds, in the arrowed direction, the
  • annular hollow body 18 is inflated by meansof a connecting piece 19 passing through the wall of the housing 1 and fitted with a check valve (not shown in the drawing), to such an extent that the cylindrical inner wall of the annular hollow body 18 bears tightly against the shaft 5.
  • the inflation pressure must be so adapted to the pressure produced by the feed pump 14 that the latter is capable of forcing the fibre-liquid mixture slowly between the cylindrical inner wall of the annular hollow body 18 and the shaft 5 in the direction towards the other end of the shaft thereby pushing back the elastically yieldable cylindrical inner wall of the inflated annular hollow body 18.
  • the fibre bundles passing between the shaft 5 and the elastically yieldable body 18 are divided up into separate fibers in a gentle manner by friction and the individual separated fibres are continually bentto and fro on the surface of the shaft 5 as they continue to passthrough the narrow gap between the cylindrical inner wall of the annular hollow body 18 and the shaft 5.
  • the bending movement is caused by the fact that the cylindrical inner wall of the annular hollow body 18, under the influence of the feed pressure, is not lifted con tinually the same distance from the shaft 5 at all points of its cylindrical surface but is pressed-in more strongly at some places than at others, whereby the strongly pressed-in places change continually. .As a result, the fibres are alternately subjected to the feed pressure moving them along the shaft 5 and to the peripheral force of the revolving shaft 5 acting transversely to the longitudinal direction of the shaft, so that the fibres continually change their direction of travel,
  • the. apparatus is equipped not only with dressing or working elements as described above in a first functional part but also with w r ing el e by wh h t e g ha t 5 a o ooperates with elastically yieldable counter pressure elements arranged in a second functional part.
  • This, second functional part is separated from the first functional part by the partition wall 16 removably fitted in the housing 1 and surrounding the shaft 5 with clearance. Between the partition wall 16 and the cover 3 screwed on to the housing 1 a packet of annular disks is clamped.
  • This packet consists of alternately arranged rubber disks 20, the bore diameter of which is so dimensioned that these disks fit closely around the shaft 5 or extend up to the shaft leaving only a small annular slit up against the shaft, and of rigid annular disks 21 made for example of metal and having a bore diameter which is considerably larger than the diameter of the shaft, so that annular spaces or chambers 22 are formed between these annular disks 21 and the shaft 5,
  • the annular disks 20 and 21 are not axially shiftable in the housing 1 by means of the screwed-on cover 3 and secured against rotation in that they are provided, as shown in FIGS, 2 and 3,
  • the fibre-liquid mixture passing through the central bore in the partition wall 16 into the second functional part of the dressing apparatus is forced through the small annular slit of the first rubber disk 20, whereby the fibres are subject to strong friction.
  • the fibres turning upwards are bent and relieved in the annular chamber 22.
  • Thefibre-liquid mixture pressing forward conveys the fibres with the liquid surrounding them past the next rubber disk 20 into the annular chamber 22 following it, whereby the fibres are again subjected to strong friction and on entering the next annular chamber 22 are bent. This procedure is repeated at each successive rub ber disk 20 and annular chamber 22.
  • the fiber-liquid mixture is forced out of the last annu lar chamber 22 through the already mentioned channels 9 in the bearing bore 8 in the cover 3 into a pipe conduit 24 (FIG. 4) in which it is conveyed to a further treatment-stage, for example a drying place, or is returned through a two-Way cock 25 arranged in the pipe conduit 24 and a branch conduit 26 into the container 13 from which the fibre-liquid mixture is again forced into the dressing apparatus by the feed pump 14.
  • a further treatment-stage for example a drying place
  • the shaft 5 can have one or several ribs 27 extending in a helical line and bending the fibres when they slide over the ribs in their forward movement underthe feed pressure.
  • the dressing apparatus may possibly be sufficient to equip the dressing apparatus only with one or other of the functional parts of the combined dressing apparatus described above.
  • the method and dressing apparatus according to the invention can be employed not only for opening up crude asbestos but also for dressing or preparing other natural or synthetic fiber materials.
  • a method of dressing adhered asbestos natural state .fibres from the source rock and retaining the natural length of said fibres comprising the steps of suspending unseparated natural state asbestos fibres in a liquid, forcing the suspended fibres under hydraulic pressure to traverse an elongated helical path extending as a spaced curve of a length greatly in excess of the greatest length of the natural asbestos fibres, subjecting the suspended fibres to continuous frictional pressure between elastically yieldable counter-pressure forces exerted to apply friction to the fibres and these counter-pressure forces also defining the helical path of travel and subjecting the fibres to repeated bending transversely of the length of the fibres by the exertion of oppositely directed compressive forces at intermittent intervals along the path of travel to permit the fibres to bend transversely of the force imposed helical path and forcibly return them thereto by repeated exertion of the last mentioned compressive forces, the helical path subjecting the fibres to transverse bending in constantly varying directions and at variou points relative to the length of the

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US12492A 1960-07-20 1961-07-18 Method of dressing crude asbestos Expired - Lifetime US3170834A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEO7532A DE1126813B (de) 1960-07-20 1960-07-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Rohasbest
DEO8052A DE1139442B (de) 1961-05-10 1961-05-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Aufbereiten von Rohasbest
DEO8060A DE1139443B (de) 1961-05-15 1961-05-15 Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Rohasbest

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3170834A true US3170834A (en) 1965-02-23

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US12492A Expired - Lifetime US3170834A (en) 1960-07-20 1961-07-18 Method of dressing crude asbestos
US57442566 Expired - Lifetime US3428265A (en) 1960-07-20 1966-08-23 Apparatus for dressing crude asbestos separated from the source rock

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US57442566 Expired - Lifetime US3428265A (en) 1960-07-20 1966-08-23 Apparatus for dressing crude asbestos separated from the source rock

Country Status (8)

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US (2) US3170834A (pl)
CH (1) CH405194A (pl)
CY (1) CY316A (pl)
DK (1) DK103341C (pl)
FI (1) FI40154B (pl)
GB (1) GB988700A (pl)
SE (1) SE302276B (pl)
YU (2) YU31556B (pl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3506536A (en) * 1964-01-21 1970-04-14 Brev Granofibre Soc D Exploit Method of treating suspensions of fibres to form aggregates
US3650886A (en) * 1970-02-26 1972-03-21 Yara Engineering Corp Formation of colloidal suspensions of chrysotile asbestos by treatment with hydrogen smectites
CN108046703A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-18 广东基业长青节能环保实业有限公司 一种粉磨用生态环保型复合混凝土研磨体及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2290728B (en) * 1992-11-11 1996-03-13 Kemutec Group Ltd Mill
US20160265421A1 (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 Ken Chen Turbocharger system

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311180A (en) * 1919-07-29 Cotton cleaner
US1500111A (en) * 1923-02-09 1924-07-08 Saco Lowell Shops Vertical cotton-opening machine
US1545132A (en) * 1919-10-31 1925-07-07 Samuel B Pack Individually Process of purifying asbestos and fabricating asbestos materials
US1642495A (en) * 1924-02-15 1927-09-13 World Bestos Corp Process for making paper
US2500154A (en) * 1946-09-28 1950-03-14 Brassert & Co Recovery of asbestos from asbestos tailings
US2565340A (en) * 1949-06-08 1951-08-21 Keasbey And Mattison Company Insulation board
US2684206A (en) * 1948-04-05 1954-07-20 Johns Manville Brush roll apparatus for opening and tufting fibrous materials and mixing the fiberswith binders
US2685825A (en) * 1949-05-28 1954-08-10 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Refinement of asbestos
US2838246A (en) * 1954-11-05 1958-06-10 Adorno Stefano M Cattaneo Machines for treating asbestos and similar fibers
US2915790A (en) * 1956-04-02 1959-12-08 Union Asbestos & Rubber Co Device and method for exfoliating and blending asbestos fiber

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286938A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-11-22 Beloit Corp Vertical refiner

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311180A (en) * 1919-07-29 Cotton cleaner
US1545132A (en) * 1919-10-31 1925-07-07 Samuel B Pack Individually Process of purifying asbestos and fabricating asbestos materials
US1500111A (en) * 1923-02-09 1924-07-08 Saco Lowell Shops Vertical cotton-opening machine
US1642495A (en) * 1924-02-15 1927-09-13 World Bestos Corp Process for making paper
US2500154A (en) * 1946-09-28 1950-03-14 Brassert & Co Recovery of asbestos from asbestos tailings
US2684206A (en) * 1948-04-05 1954-07-20 Johns Manville Brush roll apparatus for opening and tufting fibrous materials and mixing the fiberswith binders
US2685825A (en) * 1949-05-28 1954-08-10 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Refinement of asbestos
US2565340A (en) * 1949-06-08 1951-08-21 Keasbey And Mattison Company Insulation board
US2838246A (en) * 1954-11-05 1958-06-10 Adorno Stefano M Cattaneo Machines for treating asbestos and similar fibers
US2915790A (en) * 1956-04-02 1959-12-08 Union Asbestos & Rubber Co Device and method for exfoliating and blending asbestos fiber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3506536A (en) * 1964-01-21 1970-04-14 Brev Granofibre Soc D Exploit Method of treating suspensions of fibres to form aggregates
US3650886A (en) * 1970-02-26 1972-03-21 Yara Engineering Corp Formation of colloidal suspensions of chrysotile asbestos by treatment with hydrogen smectites
CN108046703A (zh) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-18 广东基业长青节能环保实业有限公司 一种粉磨用生态环保型复合混凝土研磨体及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI40154B (pl) 1968-07-31
CH405194A (de) 1966-01-15
GB988700A (pl) 1965-04-07
CY316A (en) 1965-09-09
YU191468A (en) 1975-02-28
US3428265A (en) 1969-02-18
DK103341C (da) 1965-12-20
YU191568A (en) 1973-02-28
SE302276B (pl) 1968-07-15
YU31556B (en) 1973-08-31

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