US3169584A - Rock drilling apparatus - Google Patents

Rock drilling apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3169584A
US3169584A US121626A US12162661A US3169584A US 3169584 A US3169584 A US 3169584A US 121626 A US121626 A US 121626A US 12162661 A US12162661 A US 12162661A US 3169584 A US3169584 A US 3169584A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hammer
valve
piston
cavity
bit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US121626A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stenuick Andre Pierre Camille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd
Original Assignee
Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd filed Critical Halco Directional Drilling Products Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3169584A publication Critical patent/US3169584A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a pneumatically operated percussive hammer for rock drilling or like boring apparatus or rigs, such harnme-r being of the kind (hereinafter re ferred' to as the kind specified) comprising a cylinder having at its operative end a part or chuck (hereinafter called a fchuc adapted to receive the shank of a bit axially reciprocable in said chuck to an extent limited by retaining means (c.g.
  • a retaining ring, pin or key and the inner end of which bit is adapted to be struck repeated 1 blows by a piston located within said cylinder and reciprocable axially therein by compressed air alternately applied to opposite ends'ot" the piston under the control of a distributor; ValVe located” in a valve'chest disposed'towards that end of the cylinder remote from the said chuck,
  • said distributor valve controlling at least two ports or sets or ports, one for supplying compressed air to one end of said piston and the other for'supplyingcompressed air i to theotherend of the'piston and the distributo'r valve being adapted to close these ports or sets' of. ports alternately automatically as the said piston recipr'ocates in the cylinder- 0f thehamrner and opens one; or-more exhaust ports alternately tothe opposite-ends of the piston.
  • The' i nvention isespecially applicable'to down-the-hole equipment of the form described in U,S. l atent 7N twe -j a I v 1 j
  • the said retaining means permits an' axial movement of V the bit in its chuck considerably g reater thamthebit makes in normal operation, aniwhen'a pneumatically operated percussivelhammer of the kindlspecifiedis in normal use, the resultant reaction thrust of the ground onwhich the bit is acting plus the forward ordownwmd thrust .ofthe hammerpmaintains the bit in P IOp errelaof the hammer which it wouldflnot ordinarily strike: this 1 Will particularlyfbe the case where the hammer has been in use for some time and somejdegr'ee of wear has taken place whereby air, which would otherwise form a cushion to retard the latter portion of the advance movement of the piston, mayescape.
  • the piston is, as it usually will be, furnished at the: head of a shank
  • a pneu matically operated percussive hammer for rock drilling or like boring apparatus including "by-pass valve' means for thy-passing compressed air past the distributor valve of the hammer to onetend of the cylinderof the latter, and means adapted automatically to open said by-pass valve means so that compressed air will automatically be supplied to or predominantly to one end of the said hammer piston so as to retain such piston ,at oneend of the said cylinder and against reciprocation in such cylindenwheneyer the bit of the hammer is, du ing.
  • the back-end Preferably his tothe back-end '(ie. the end remote tne bit) of't'he hammer-piston to which. the said f by-passed compressed air is supplied soQthat the piston
  • the invention is especially applicablc 'to'a pneumatically operated percussive hammer of the specifiedfandin .which a shock absorber piston is provided c'oaxially in,
  • the said" valve chest thus, being located between the shock absorber piston and the hammer piston and the shock absorber piston having port means through whichfcompressed air may be supplied to the valve chest,
  • shock absorber piston being adapted-,- when the hammr'isi in use; for attachment to will be. maintained in its advanced. position by sucli aii the leading end ofthe said drill tube or tubes by which the hammer is carried.
  • the said by-pass valve may be so associated therewiththat, on relative axial withdrawal movement taking place between the shock absorber piston and the hammer cylinder due to the initiation of the withdrawal of-the drill tubes immediately preparatory to the withdrawal of the hammer from the bore hole, or due to the uncontrolled advancement or falling of the hammer due to it meeting a cavity during drilling, the said by-pass valve means are automatically opened to admit compressed air to the hammer cylinder in order to retain the hammer piston inactive at one end, preferably the forward end thereof as above described.
  • FIGURE 1 shows mainly in axial section the upper part i and 24 communicating at their lower ends with radial inlet ports located in the lower part of the said liner, and at their upper ends with lateral portions of the ports 10 leading from the valve chest 3v secured in the upper portion of the hammer cylinder between the liner 22 and th tubular shock-absorber case 14.
  • the upper end 26 of the shock absorber piston 13 is screw-threaded to screw into the lower part of an adaptor 27 for connection to the lower end of the drill tube 19.
  • An internally splined shock absorber bush 28 is screwed into the upper end of the shock absorber case 14- and the shock absorber piston 13 (which is corresponding splined) has its upper part passing through a fluid-tight seal 29 in the upper end of this bush.
  • the splines of the shock absorber piston in co-operation with those in the shock absorber bush 28 serve'to ensure that the hammer cylinder 1 rotates with the drill tube 19 and also to limit the axial movement: permitted to the shock absorber piston with the lower part of thesame hammer as is shown partly in FIGURE 1, the View being insection on the line IIII in FIG. 3; and FIGURE 3 shows the apparatusof FIG. 2 in section on the line III-III.
  • the apparatus will be regarded as being in such la position that the pneumatic percussive hammer and the drill tube or tubes by which it is carried occupy a vertical position with the percussive hammer at the lower end i
  • the inner end of applied to opposite ends of the piston under ,the control 1- of a distributor valve 7 located in a valve chest 8 disposed toward that end of the cylinder 1 remote from the chuck 2, said distributor valve controlling outlet p0rts 9 and .10 for supplying compressed air to the lower end of 'the piston 6 and another set of outlet ports 11 for supplying compressed air to the upper-end of the'piston 6, the distributor valve 7 being adapted to close these sets of outlet ports alternately automatically as the said piston reciprocates in the cylinder of the hammer and opens "exhaust ports 12 in turn to the opposite ends of the pistons 6.
  • a tubular shock absorber piston 13 is provided coaxially in a shock absorber case 14 screwed coaxially into the upper end of the hammer cylinder 1, the' shock absorber piston “being axially slidable with respect to the cylinder 1 and being located at the opposite end'of the valve chest 8 to the hammer piston 6 and having port means 15 through which compressed .air may'be supplied to the valve chest 8 through inlet ports 16 in'the latter controlled by aicheck valve 17.
  • shock absorbed'piston 13 being adapted, when thehammer is in use, for attachment to the leading end ofa drill tube 19 or string of such drill tubes by which the hammer is carried and the upper end of which tube 'j or tubes is connected to a hammer rotating motor (not,
  • the shock absorber piston is of reduced diameter-so as to provide a coaxial cylindrical plunger'valve which constitutes the male part of a by-pass valve.
  • the aforementioned ports 15 of the shock absorber piston lead from the bore 31 of the latter and 'diverge downwardly, the arrangement thus being such 'tween them a centraLcavity 32 and the hereinbefore mentioned ports 9, 10, 11 and .16 and the upper and lower ends of the chest are respectively furnished with a central coaxial ,bore 33 and a'coaxial bypass bore 34 in whichbores.
  • shock absorber piston is a close sliding fit' and the lower of these bores constituting , a valve seat for the plunger valve which is fluid-tightly sealed inthe central 'bore 33 by a surrounding O-ring 35 or equivalent means.
  • the ports 16 are arranged as a series around, but
  • the check valve 17 which is of annular form and is slidable upwardly and downwardly along that portion of the plunger valve 30 which protrudes I axially into the cavity 32, the spring 18ifor closing this check valve beingarranged around the said plunger valve and bearing at one'end on the underside of the check valve and. at the other end upon the bottom of the major cavity 32 of the valve chest.
  • the check valve 17 serves to prevent the reverse flow of air from the through said ports 16.
  • the plunger valve- 30 projects into and closes the central bore 34 in the lower 'end of the valve chest 8. Compressed air passing down the centre of the shockabsorber piston and throughthe .ports 15 depresses the check valve 17 and passes into the cavity 32 in the valve chest for distribution alternatelyto the upper and lower ends of the "hammer cylinder.
  • the distributor valve 7 is of annular formv and coaxial with, the bore 34 of the valve chest 8, the valve "being free for free rising and falling within the valve chest.
  • the valve? is adapted to open and close the ports 9 and 10 alternately with the ports 11 as the piston 6 rises,
  • the ports 10 communicate, via the aforementioned passages 2 3 and 24 in the liner 22 of the cylinder, with series of radialinlet ports25 at: the lower partofthe liner 22 and which serve to admit air to the interior of the liner below the lower end of the hammer piston 6.
  • ports 12 connected by ducts 12" through which air in the hammer cylinder is exhausted from the cylinder respectively towards the end of the downward and upward strokes of the hammer piston, this exhaust air being conducted through axial channels 12 in the walls of the hammer cylinder from the ducts 12", the channels communicating with an annular space 35' around the piston shank guide bush 21 and along longitudinal channels 36 in the outer wall of V the latter, down the interior of the bit chuck 2, and down the bit and via channels through an internally splined chuck bush 37 screwed into'the lowerend of the bit chuck 2.
  • This chuck bush 37 retains the split ring in-positionin the latter as well as co-operating with the splines 38 along the bit shank 3.
  • shock absorber piston 13 by withdrawn with respect to the hammer cylinder, 'e.g. by the shock absorber 1 piston being raised thedrill tube or tubes 19 or by" reason of the hammer-entering a cavity during drilling and falling withrelation to-the shock absorber piston,-
  • the plunger valve '30 on the shock absorber piston will be withdrawn from its .valve seat or bore 34 in the lower end of the valve chest so that therdistributor valve 7 .will be, as it were, shortcircuited so that compressed air will then be permitted free flow from the major cavity 32 of the valve chest 8 directly into the upper end of the hammer cylinder efiectively to hold the hammer piston down in its lower position and vto stop it reciproeating, only a relatively restricted flow of compressed air being permitted in theseconditions through the exhaust ports 12 for discharge at-the operating endof the hammer for maintaining debris evacuation at the bit and for preventing the sucking of such debris, sludge or the like into thehammer.
  • valve means being respon- 5 sive to pressure differencesin said conduits for alter-V natingly connecting said inlet conduit with a re'spective outlet conduit;
  • said by-pass valve means including two members respectively a connected to said support members for joint movev ment therewith toward and away-from an open position of said by-pass valve means members in which said by-pass valve means connects said inlet conduit 'cludes' a chuck adapted to receive and retain a bit
  • said reciprocable hammer means includes a piston arranged for striking a bit received by said shanlc
  • said hammer cylinder means includes a valve chest'above said piston
  • said distributor valve means being mounted in said valve chest and adapted to control the admission of saidifluid 'alternatelyto the upperand lower sidesofsaid pistontto reciprocate the latter, .
  • a shock absorber piston located above said valve chest and capable of limitedaxial movement relativeto said hammer cylinder means, said shock I absorberpiston having passage means for the flow'of said fluid therethrough, and adaptor means connecting the shock absorber piston'to' said drill tube'm'eans for 'sup porting the hammer and supplying said fiuidtto the latter, and wherein said by-pass'valve means members are constituted by said shock absorber piston and'said valve" it chest,
  • a pressure-fluid operated percussive boring, apparatus comprising, in combination 5.
  • said plunger valve comprises a coaxialreduced extension of said'shock absorber piston and projecting centrally into said valve chest for axial sliding movement therein, sealing means around said plunger valve adjacent its entrance to said valve chest, said by-pass bore portionbeingformedwith an axial bore located in the-end of said valve chest re mote from said shock, absorber piston and' adapted to sealingly receive said plungervalve; said axial bore connecting said inlctconduitwith said one portion of said cavity, and the discharge-of said fluid from said inlet conduit tosaid cavity being controlled solely. by, said distributor valve means when said plunger valve i'srs'ealingly rece ved in said axial bore.
  • valve chest includes a non-return check valve through which said fluid may pass from said sourceto said .valve' chest 4.
  • said memf bers of said by-pass' valve means include a plunger valve on said shock absorber piston and a bypass bore por-f tion of the said valve chest" adapted to receive said but which bars the return of fluid to the shock absorber piston.
  • said cavity for actuating movement of said drill bit means in a direction away fromsaid drill tube means, a source of fluid under pressure communicating with said drill tube means, said drill tube means and hammer cylinder means constituting the supporting members of said apparatus, and means for exhausting said cavity; in combination, r
  • first valve means formed with an inlet conduit and two outlet conduits, and responsive to pressure differences in said conduits for alternatingly connecting said inlet conduit with respective outlet conduits;

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US121626A 1960-07-07 1961-07-03 Rock drilling apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3169584A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB23813/60A GB946677A (en) 1960-07-07 1960-07-07 Improvements in or relating to pneumatically operated percussive hammers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3169584A true US3169584A (en) 1965-02-16

Family

ID=10201725

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US121626A Expired - Lifetime US3169584A (en) 1960-07-07 1961-07-03 Rock drilling apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3169584A (pm)
DE (1) DE1256597B (pm)
GB (1) GB946677A (pm)
SE (1) SE300004B (pm)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3434548A (en) * 1966-10-19 1969-03-25 Thos Barlow & Sons Ltd Down-the-hole rock drill with flushing fluid bypass control
FR2528104A1 (fr) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-09 Stenuick Freres Marteau de forage
US20100193208A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-05 Plunkett Timothy J Fluid distributor cylinder for percussive drills
WO2011097380A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-11 1461160 Alberta Ltd. System and metod for conducting drilling and coring operations
US11686157B1 (en) * 2022-02-17 2023-06-27 Jaime Andres AROS Pressure reversing valve for a fluid-actuated, percussive drilling tool
US11933143B1 (en) * 2022-11-22 2024-03-19 Jaime Andres AROS Pressurized fluid flow system for percussive mechanisms

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4000691A1 (de) * 1990-01-12 1991-07-18 Fritz Zimmermann Masch U Appar Exzentrisch bohrender tiefloch-hammer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2837317A (en) * 1957-02-15 1958-06-03 Ingersoll Rand Co Hole cleaning device
US3059619A (en) * 1961-03-14 1962-10-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Rock drill

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2823013A (en) * 1951-09-26 1958-02-11 Stenuick Andre Pierre Camille Apparatus for dry drilling of bore holes
NL211829A (pm) * 1955-10-31
DE1097920B (de) * 1958-06-09 1961-01-19 Bassinger Tool Company In ein Bohrloch absenkbares Schlagbohrgeraet

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2837317A (en) * 1957-02-15 1958-06-03 Ingersoll Rand Co Hole cleaning device
US3059619A (en) * 1961-03-14 1962-10-23 Ingersoll Rand Co Rock drill

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3434548A (en) * 1966-10-19 1969-03-25 Thos Barlow & Sons Ltd Down-the-hole rock drill with flushing fluid bypass control
FR2528104A1 (fr) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-09 Stenuick Freres Marteau de forage
EP0096639A1 (fr) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-21 Stenuick Freres S.A. Marteau de forage
US20100193208A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-05 Plunkett Timothy J Fluid distributor cylinder for percussive drills
US7992652B2 (en) * 2009-02-05 2011-08-09 Atlas Copco Secoroc Llc Fluid distributor cylinder for percussive drills
WO2011097380A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-11 1461160 Alberta Ltd. System and metod for conducting drilling and coring operations
US11686157B1 (en) * 2022-02-17 2023-06-27 Jaime Andres AROS Pressure reversing valve for a fluid-actuated, percussive drilling tool
US11933143B1 (en) * 2022-11-22 2024-03-19 Jaime Andres AROS Pressurized fluid flow system for percussive mechanisms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB946677A (en) 1964-01-15
DE1256597B (de) 1967-12-21
SE300004B (pm) 1968-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3583501A (en) Rock bit with powered gauge cutter
US3045768A (en) Fluid operated percussion drill
US3934662A (en) Core bit
US4312412A (en) Fluid operated rock drill hammer
US2620162A (en) Hammer type rotary rock-drilling bit
US3301009A (en) Rotary shock absorbing sub unit
US5131476A (en) Down hole percussion drill apparatus
US8544566B2 (en) Fluid actuated impact tool with solid piston-standard bit arrangement and water seal
US2800884A (en) Positive displacement-type hammer drill
US4133393A (en) Down-the-hole percussion drills
US3198264A (en) Double head piston downhole drill
US4084647A (en) Pneumatic percussion hammer
US3169584A (en) Rock drilling apparatus
US2774334A (en) Reciprocating prime mover
US3640350A (en) Pneumatic drill for boring
US1461713A (en) Well drill
US5139096A (en) Pneumatic percussion hammers
US3712388A (en) Down-hole air hammer
US4450920A (en) Hydraulic reciprocating machines
US3095046A (en) Hammer drill
US3893521A (en) Rock drill
US3311177A (en) Percussion drilling tool
US3150727A (en) Drill-stem core bit and wall sampler
US4534422A (en) Fluid operated hammer
US2584978A (en) Percussion tool