US3163493A - Process for disinfecting dry cleaning in conventional solvents - Google Patents

Process for disinfecting dry cleaning in conventional solvents Download PDF

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Publication number
US3163493A
US3163493A US160956A US16095661A US3163493A US 3163493 A US3163493 A US 3163493A US 160956 A US160956 A US 160956A US 16095661 A US16095661 A US 16095661A US 3163493 A US3163493 A US 3163493A
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Prior art keywords
cleaning
disinfecting
water
formaldehyde
dry cleaning
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Expired - Lifetime
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US160956A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hess Richard
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Stockhausen GmbH and Co KG
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Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen GmbH
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
    • D06L1/04—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents combined with specific additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor

Definitions

  • a disinfecting dry cleaning process has also been proposed according to which bactericidal and activating agents are' added to the solvents, products such as pyridine or methylene chloride and fatty acid glycol esters and aliphatic and aromatic sulphonates of relatively high molecular weight being suitable as activating agents.
  • F ormaldehyde is used in particular as a disinfecting agent.
  • a disinfecting dry cleaning with heavy benzine to which an emulsion of formaldehyde, water and a cationactive compound (Arquad 2 HT) in heavy benzine was added has been proposed by Finch.
  • the aqueous formaldehyde solution is present as a milky dispersed phase.
  • formaldehyde as formalin is added to a solution of 35 to 40% formaldehyde, 5 to methanol and 60 to 50% water.
  • the formalin composition fluctuates according to the literature references within the limits indicated, with the proviso that, in Winter, the quantity of the methanol necessary for stabilisation would have to be increased.
  • Heavy benzine which has no disinfecting action, is present as solvent and a short cleaning time a low cleaning temperature and a low drying temperature, for example by drying with cold air, are used and only little mechanical action is used, for example by using rotating drums of small diameter,
  • the material to be cleaned consisting for example of loose hospital blankets, which are only capable of limited cleaning and consequently only stand a relative solvent humidity of 60 to 65%,
  • formaldehyde content can be relatively low when the following factors are present:
  • Cleaning intensifiers which are suitable according to the invention and have a high water retention are for example anion-active', non-ionic or cation-active products which are completely soluble at 20'30' C. in solvents but are only soluble with an opal to cloudy appearance in water. There are also to be considered however those products which are completely soluble in both solvents and water, as well as products from the class comprising the ampholytes and combinations or products of the said classes.
  • Products which conform to these requirements are for example alkali metal, ammonium or amine salts of sulphonic acids,- for example sodium petroleum sulphonates (molecular weight about 380 to 480), sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, other diesters of sodiumor potassiumsulphosuccinic acid with a molecular weight of about 400 to 550, alkali metal or ammonium salts of compounds of the type of the so-called Twitchell reagent which decompose fats, salts of aromatic alkyl sulphonic acids, more especially alkyl benzene sulphonic acids, with a molecular weight of at least 380, for example the methoxypro pylamine salt of dodecyl-benzene sulphonic acid.
  • sulphonic acids for example sodium petroleum sulphonates (molecular weight about 380 to 480), sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate, other diesters of sodiumor potassiumsul
  • Salts of sulphated products can also be used if provision is made, by providing sufficient quantities of suitable buffering agents, so that when the splitting of sulphuric acid, occurs, for example upon distillation mineral acid reaction does not result.
  • suitable buffering agents such as sodium sulfate, sodium EDTA, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, sodium metabisul
  • Non-ionic products which have a suitable solubility are for example condensates of, on the one hand, 1 mol each of octylphenol, nonylphenol, coconut fatty alcohol, oleyl alcohol, oleic acid amide, oleic acid, a fatty acid partial ester of glycerine, sorbitol, mannitol and the like and on the other hand 2 to about mols each of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.
  • Suitable cation-active products have for example molecular weights of at least 380 per basic nitrogen atom, for example diisobutyl-phenoxyethoxyethyl-benzyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride, oleyl-amidopropyl-dimethyl ammonium chloride, oleyl-amidopropyltrimethylammonium methosulphate, octadecyl-oxyethyldioxethyl ammonium acetate, tetradecyl-(4,5-dichlorobenzyl)-dimethyl ammonium chloride, didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide.
  • ampholyte's such as aminocarboxylic acids with a molecular weight of at least 320, which are obtained by condensation of corresponding primary or secondary amines with chloracetic acid.
  • Products of the classes of substances as hereinbefore mentioned can also be mixed with other detergents which per se are not suitable, if the mixtures have the required solubility, i.e., hydrophility and lyophility.
  • a sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate with a molecular weight of 340 which is practically insoluble in perchlorethylene, can be processed together with a sodium petroleum sulphonate having a molecular weight of 460, it being possible to obtain numerous variations which are soluble in perchlorethylene and have an average molecular weight ofat least 380.
  • detergents which are insoluble in benzine and chlorinated hydrocarbons for example with alkali metal soaps, alkali salts or ammonium salts of fatty alcohol sulphates, sulphated oil's, fatty acid condensation products, aliphatic sulphonic acids and the like; moreover, non-ionic, cation-active or amphol'y-tic detergents which are insoluble in solvents can also be usedfor the mixtures under the conditions mentioned.
  • Mixtures of the products of the aforesaid classes of substances with those from the same or other classes are to be recommended when the essential properties which a cleaning intensifier must have are present and only one or afew properties are notsufiicient.
  • two substances one of which is more hydrophilic and the other more lyop'hil-ic, usually give a mixture which has the correct solubility and water retention.
  • mixtures with solution promoters more especially with alc0- hols such as ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, oleyl alcohol and the like are often to be recommended in order to improve component properties, but it is to be noted in such.
  • Cleaning intensifiers which are preferred according to the invention are thoseof homogenous components or o f several components, the active substance of which is able completely to dissolve half the quantity and at best the same quantity of water in the dry cleaning solvents, and which in addition have a good water retention, which is not to be below 5%, calculated on active substance, and with 80% relative humidity.
  • Organic solvents for the formaldehyde which are in particular to be mentioned include those which are of unlimited solubility in both the dry cleaning solvents, more especially perchlorethylene, trichlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride, heavy benzine and light benzine', and in water, especially when the formaldehyde solvents contain a'small quantity of water, for example up to 5%, and when they have a good dissolving power for formalde'hyde. This condition is satisfied by iso-propanol and n-propanol. However, there are other solvents which are suitable, even if with a smaller degree of success or under more difficult conditions. Such solvents are dimethyl formamide, isobutanol and secondary butanol,
  • An approximately 30% solution of formaldehyde in isopropanol is prepared by stirring 30 parts of paraformaldehyde, 70 parts of isopropanol and 0.5 part of 50% caustic potash solution at 45 C. until a clear solution has formed. After about 30 minutes, the depolymerisation is completed, whereupon neutralisation is effected with approximately 0.5 part of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The potassium chloride formed as secondary product settles on the bottom as a deposit, so that now the approximately 30% solution of formaldehyde in isopropanol which contains about 0.6% of water, can be decanted ofi.
  • EXAMPLE 3 6 batches, each comprising 5 kg. of. loose hospital blankets, which are only capable of limited cleaning, are cleaned in a Bowe RS machine.
  • the specifications of the machine are:
  • a union Arranged on the upper part of the housing of the machine is a union, to which is connected a pipe conduit leading to atmosphere.
  • a fan draws the vapours from the drum housing and forces them through the pipe into the atmosphere.
  • the switch of the fan is operated manually if required.
  • Disposed opposite the union is an adjustable value, through which air can be drawn. With the valve closed,"the air can be drawn in through the filling opening of the machine.
  • the machine is also equipped with an automatic water-proportioning instrument, more especially a Tempo-Aquamatic DGS 3, which is adjusted to 65% relative humidity and is not changed during the 6 batches.
  • EXAMPLE 4 The same working method as in Example 3 is used in other closed machines, for example in a Bowe RlSSK or RZSSK or RSOSK or in a Spencer Junior S20, Major S30 or Senior S50, or in a Holfmann H812 or H822 or H835 or HSSO, or in any suitable closed dry cleaning machine. The same results are obtained.
  • EXAMPLE 5 The same working methods as in Example 3 or 4 are used, employing other cleaning intensifiers with good water retention.
  • an intensifier which consists of 40 to 60 parts of petroleum sulphonate (sodium or potassium salts; molecular weight 420 to 480),
  • Another good cleaning intensifier consists of:
  • Another typical cleaning intensifier contains:
  • active substance consisting of nonyl phenoxy pentaethoxy ethanol and cyclohexylamine dodecyl benzyl sulphonate,
  • Another suitable cleaning intensifier consists of:
  • EXAMPLE 6 The same working methods as in Examples 3, 4 or 5 are used, employing'carbon tetrachloride or trichlorethylone or trichlorotrifluorethane or benzene or white spirit assolvent, and the same results are obtained.
  • the cleaning intensifier contains 30% of sodium petroleum sulphonate (molecular weight 15% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (molecular Weight 348) 5% of nonyl phenoxy-pentaethoxy ethanol 10% of mineral oil (about 4 Engler/50 C.; by-product of the mahogany sulphonate) 5% of isopropanol 33% of perchlorethylene 2% of water, including small amounts of inorganic salts as by-products
  • the water retention of a solution of 40 g. of the cleaning intensifier in 1 litre of perchlorethylene with respect to wool at 20 C. and relative humidity is 4.0 g, that is to say 20% of the active substance.
  • a strip on which are sewn various, pockets containing rags with test bacteria is introduced into the machine together with the woolen blankets.
  • the test bacteria consist of Staphylococci, Cell 0 1 11, Prodigiosus and Soor. It is cleaned for 15 minutes at 65 relative humidity and 25 C. over filters, for 1 minute with the drum rotating, 8 minutes with the drum stationary and finally for another 6 minutes with the drum rotating.
  • the blankets are now centrifuged for 2 minutes and simultaneously the liquid is pumped OE. With air suction, the strip with the pockets and test germs is removed from the drum. Drying is then carried out for 15 minutes with hot air in circulation and with interposed spray nozzle coolers and blown for 5 minutes with fresh air.
  • the rags with the test germs are rinsed twice with petroleum ether in known manner, dries in vacuo and subjected to subsequent culture. All germs are killed.
  • the blankets treated in this way are clean, flulfy to handle, have not shrunk and are not matted.
  • a process for simultaneously disinfecting and dry cleaningsoiled textile articles which comprises applying to said articles a cleaning and disinfecting substantially single phase medium comprising a dry cleaning solvent, a cleaning intensifier, substantially soluble in said dry cleaning solvent and soluble in water, having a water retention capability of at least 5% referred to said intensifier at 80% relative humidity, water in an amount suflicient to produce a 60-90% relative dry cleaning solvent humidity and a solution of formaldehyde in an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of isopropanol, n-propanol, dimethylformamid'e, isobutanol, secondary butanol, ethanol, n-butanol, and butyl glycol, said formaldehyde being present in a concentration effective for disinfecting, intimately contacting said articles with said cleaning and disinfecting medium whereby said articles 8 are cleaned and all pathogenic organisms destroyed with out the textile article being in any way deleteriously affected.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US160956A 1960-12-23 1961-12-20 Process for disinfecting dry cleaning in conventional solvents Expired - Lifetime US3163493A (en)

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DEC23023A DE1177110B (de) 1960-12-23 1960-12-23 Desinfizierende Trockenreinigung

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3310498A (en) * 1963-07-26 1967-03-21 Stamford Chemical Ind Inc Novel detergent compositions
US3310499A (en) * 1963-07-26 1967-03-21 Stamford Chemical Ind Inc Novel detergent compositions
US3649166A (en) * 1969-12-29 1972-03-14 Dow Chemical Co Sterile drycleaning composition and method for sterilizing fabrics
US3771950A (en) * 1967-05-26 1973-11-13 Gillette Co Process for preparing permanent-press articles
FR2215245A1 (en)) * 1973-01-30 1974-08-23 Atomic Energy Commission
WO2006084208A3 (en) * 2005-02-04 2006-11-09 Procter & Gamble Use of water structurants to provide fabric care benefits in a non-aqueous fabric treatment system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2733389C2 (de) * 1977-07-23 1986-12-04 Kruchen-Betten, Bettwaren- und Bettfedernfabrik GmbH, 4404 Telgte Reinigungsverfahren für Geflügelfedern

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189814202A (en) * 1898-06-27 1899-06-24 Emanuel Francis Kur Improvements in Cleaning and Disinfecting Textile Goods, Wearing Apparel, and similar Articles.
US879375A (en) * 1907-10-05 1908-02-18 Carleton Ellis Composition of matter.
US1911289A (en) * 1932-02-04 1933-05-30 Emery Industries Inc Method of cleaning fabrics
US2348795A (en) * 1938-12-13 1944-05-16 Endres Gunther Cleaning and disinfecting composition
GB745195A (en) * 1952-12-23 1956-02-22 Heinrich Kreussler Process for dry-cleaning textiles
US2967084A (en) * 1952-07-01 1961-01-03 Associates Discount Corp Process and apparatus for controlling water in a dry cleaning solvent composition with a humidity responsive device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE84338C (en)) *

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189814202A (en) * 1898-06-27 1899-06-24 Emanuel Francis Kur Improvements in Cleaning and Disinfecting Textile Goods, Wearing Apparel, and similar Articles.
US879375A (en) * 1907-10-05 1908-02-18 Carleton Ellis Composition of matter.
US1911289A (en) * 1932-02-04 1933-05-30 Emery Industries Inc Method of cleaning fabrics
US2348795A (en) * 1938-12-13 1944-05-16 Endres Gunther Cleaning and disinfecting composition
US2967084A (en) * 1952-07-01 1961-01-03 Associates Discount Corp Process and apparatus for controlling water in a dry cleaning solvent composition with a humidity responsive device
GB745195A (en) * 1952-12-23 1956-02-22 Heinrich Kreussler Process for dry-cleaning textiles

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3310498A (en) * 1963-07-26 1967-03-21 Stamford Chemical Ind Inc Novel detergent compositions
US3310499A (en) * 1963-07-26 1967-03-21 Stamford Chemical Ind Inc Novel detergent compositions
US3771950A (en) * 1967-05-26 1973-11-13 Gillette Co Process for preparing permanent-press articles
US3649166A (en) * 1969-12-29 1972-03-14 Dow Chemical Co Sterile drycleaning composition and method for sterilizing fabrics
FR2215245A1 (en)) * 1973-01-30 1974-08-23 Atomic Energy Commission
US3886269A (en) * 1973-01-30 1975-05-27 Us Energy Process for preparing odor and irritation free formaldehyde disinfectant
WO2006084208A3 (en) * 2005-02-04 2006-11-09 Procter & Gamble Use of water structurants to provide fabric care benefits in a non-aqueous fabric treatment system

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NL272389A (en))
DE1177110B (de) 1964-09-03

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