US3147357A - Circuit breaker capable of serving as a disconnect switch - Google Patents

Circuit breaker capable of serving as a disconnect switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US3147357A
US3147357A US195065A US19506562A US3147357A US 3147357 A US3147357 A US 3147357A US 195065 A US195065 A US 195065A US 19506562 A US19506562 A US 19506562A US 3147357 A US3147357 A US 3147357A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
circuit breaker
distance
wall
serving
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Expired - Lifetime
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US195065A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hochrainer August
Schick Wolfgang
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of US3147357A publication Critical patent/US3147357A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch, and, more particularly, to a circuit breaker which is capable of serving as a disconnect switch as well.
  • circuit breakers which are especially adapted to interrupt the flow of heavy current.
  • Such circuit breakers are generally used in conjunction with so-called disconnect switches whose contacts, when open, are spaced sufficiently far apart to form a spark gap which will prevent arc-over.
  • Such disconnect switches have to meet very rigid design standards because the flow of leakage currents along the surfaces of the insulating parts which separate the two contacts must be prevented, least breakdown of the insulation occur.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a circuit breaker which is also capable of serving as a disconnect switch, and, with this object in view, the present invention resides in a switch in which the insulation which separates the open contacts is interrupted by a metallic electrode which, when the circuit breaker is opened, is grounded.
  • the metallic electrode divides this chamber into two parts and is located at a point along the distance by which the switch contacts, in open position, are separated.
  • the electrode may be in the form of a ring which extends in a plane transverse to the mentioned distance.
  • the term ring is not to be taken literally, since the actual configuration of the grounding electrode will depend on the cross-sectional configuration of the insulation forming the switching chamber. The ring need therefore not be fully closed.
  • FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modification of a circuit breaker" according to the instant invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of another modification of a circuit breaker according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of yet another modification of a circuit breaker according to the instant invention.
  • FIGURE 5 shows the electrode arrangement of a multiple-pole switch arrangement incorporating three circuit breakers. according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 1 a circuit breaker 1t incorporating a stationary contact 11 and a movable contact 12, the latter being movable between a closed position in which the two contacts are in engagement with each other and an open position in which the movable contact 12 is spaced a distance T from the stationary contact 11.
  • the con tact 12 passes through a ring 13, and both the ring 13 and the stationary contact 11 are connected to an insulator whose walls form a closed switching or arcextinguishing chamber within which the switching action 3,ll7,35? Patented Sept. 1, I964 ice occurs.
  • the two contacts 11 and 12 in open position, are thus separated from each other not only by the gaseous medium in the switching chamber, namely, air or an inert gas, but also by the wall of the switching chamber which bridges the distance T.
  • This wall inherently provides a path for leakage currents which, in turn, gives rise to the possibility of electric breakdown and arc-overs.
  • leakage currents are prevented from causing any arc-over by the presence of a metallic electrode 14 located at approximately the midpoint of the distance T and dividing the switching chamber into two parts 15 and 16.
  • the wall of the switching chamber is cylindrical, and the electrode 14 is in the form of a ring whose Width is at least equal to the thickness of the wall; in practice, however, it is desirable to make the ring electrode somewhat wider than the thickness of the wall so that it will project outwardly beyond the outer surface of the wall.
  • the electrode 14 is connected to a switch 17 which, when closed, connects the electrode 14 to ground,at 18.
  • the switch 17 is mechanically and/or electrically connected With the moving device which moves the contact 12 so that the switch 17 is closed whenever the main circuit breaker contacts 11, 12, are open.
  • the interlock between the contact 12 and the switch 17 is shown schematically at 19.
  • the distance Tis so selected as to meet the requirements of a high-voltage disconnect switch.
  • the circuit breaker device according to the instant invention is incorporated in a multiple-pole switching arrangement comprising a plurality of such circuit breakers.
  • the projecting portion of the grounding electrode which extends laterally beyond the outer surface of the wall is likewise insulated. This insulation is preferably in the form of a head.
  • the operating standards of the spark gap are maintained, namely, that the grounding electrode will take up leakage currents which may flow along the outside of the insulation due, for instance, to dirt particles which accumulate on the outside of the insulation or to atmospheric influences, the bead is so shaped that an electric breakdown of the insulating material of which the wall is made will cause an arc-over from the outer surface to reach the electrode before it can go past the head or jump to an adjacent phase.
  • FIGURE 2 shows such a Wall 20 carrying the grounding electrode 21 whose laterally extending projecting portion is embedded within a head 22, the latter being integral with the wall 20. Any breakdown which may occur will take place at the place where the insulation is thinnest, as shown by the distance 23. Thus, the breakdown will reach the electrode 21 before it can go around the head 22.
  • FIGURE 3 shows an arrangement similar to that of FIGURE 2, except that the Wall 3% has two grounding electrodes 31 and 32 which are spaced some distance from each other.
  • the two electrodes are at the same electrical potential and have their projecting portions embedded within a common head 33.
  • the advantage of this double electrode arrangement is that the field distribution at the surface of the bead is more favorable for meeting the requirement that breakdown occur to the grounded electrode rather than past the bead. This is so because there is a certain region at the surface of the head, the size of which region is determined by the distance between the two electrodes 31, 32, in which region there is no drop of potential.
  • FIGURE 4 shows an even more advantageous arrangement in which the wall 48 carries a grounding electrode 41 which is but partly embedded in a bead 42. As is illustrated, only the extreme end of the projecting portion of the electrode 41 is embedded, there thus being a free section 41a which is located between the outer surface of the wall 40 and the bead 42. This allows leakage currents flowing along the outside of the wall 40 to reach the electrode 41 just as easily as leakage current flowing along the inside of this wall, without first having to pass through any insulation at all.
  • FIGURE 5 shows a three-phase switching arrangement incorporating three circuit breakers 50 according to the present invention.
  • the circuit breakers are aligned so that their central axes 51 lie in a common plane 52, and the several grounding electrodes 53 pass through the respective beads 54 only in a direction which is at right angles to the plane 52, it being at these points that the electrodes 53 are connected to a grounding conductor 55.
  • the grounding electrode will be located approximately at the midpoint of the distance T.
  • the electrodes of the respective circuit breakers are preferably located at different points along the respective distances, i.e., the physical positioning of the respective electrodes will be staggered with respect to each other.
  • the switching chamber may be annular.
  • the grounding electrode should be made of non-magnetic material, or, if made of magnetic, i.e., magnetizable, material, the electrode should be radially slotted so as to form but an incomplete annulus. The purpose of this is to prevent the ring from acting as a magnetic short-circuit ring.
  • a circuit breaker capable of serving as a disconnect switch comprising, in combination:
  • a circuit breaker as defined in claim 1 wherein said insulating means form a switching chamber within which said movable contact means move, and wherein said electrode extends transversely to said distance by which said contactmeans, when in their open position, are spaced apart.
  • a multiple-pole switching arrangement comprising a plurality of circuit breakers as defined in claim 2, wherein the electrodes of the respective circuit breakers are located at different points along the respective dis tances.
  • a circuit breaker as defined in claim 2 wherein said switching chamber is constituted by wall means having an outer surface and wherein said electrode has a projecting portion extending laterally beyond said outer surface.
  • a circuit breaker as defined in claim 2 further comprising at least one additional electrode which is also located in said insulating means at a point along said distance, said additional electrode being spaced from the first-mentioned electrode, and both electrodes being at the same electrical potential.
  • a multiple-pole switching arrangement comprising a plurality of circuit breakers as defined in claim 2, said circuit breakers being aligned so that their central axes lie in a common plane, each respective electrode having a free projecting portion extending in a direction which is at right angles to said common plane, and said grounding means being connected to said electrodes at said respective free projecting portions thereof.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
US195065A 1961-05-18 1962-05-16 Circuit breaker capable of serving as a disconnect switch Expired - Lifetime US3147357A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL39010A DE1201453B (de) 1961-05-18 1961-05-18 Trennstrecke
DEL40815A DE1219112B (de) 1961-05-18 1961-12-27 Isolierte Trennstrecke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3147357A true US3147357A (en) 1964-09-01

Family

ID=25985425

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US195065A Expired - Lifetime US3147357A (en) 1961-05-18 1962-05-16 Circuit breaker capable of serving as a disconnect switch

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3147357A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH398739A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1201453B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1006433A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL278374A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602039C (de) * 1927-10-30 1934-09-04 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Schalter

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR741416A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1932-03-03
DE643192C (de) * 1933-02-19 1937-03-31 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Elektrischer Schalter
DE603883C (de) * 1933-03-23 1934-10-10 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Schaltanordnung
AT164162B (de) * 1947-11-06 1949-10-10 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Hochspannungsschalter mit Spannungssteuerung

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602039C (de) * 1927-10-30 1934-09-04 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Schalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1201453B (de) 1965-09-23
GB1006433A (en) 1965-09-29
CH398739A (de) 1966-03-15
DE1219112B (de) 1966-06-16
NL278374A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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