US3124527A - Magnetic separating machines - Google Patents
Magnetic separating machines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3124527A US3124527A US3124527DA US3124527A US 3124527 A US3124527 A US 3124527A US 3124527D A US3124527D A US 3124527DA US 3124527 A US3124527 A US 3124527A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- belt
- poles
- particles
- rubber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/04—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements in a magnetic separator of iron sand and other magnetic materials, and more particularly to a machine for selectively separating magnetic materials by combining in a flexible magnetic belt mechanical and physical separating effect and magnetic force to carry out the separation positively and effectively.
- magnet structures having a great number of permanent magnets or magnet structures which are magnetized and a common conveyor belt carrying ores or the material to be separated along the surface of the magnetic structures to effect separation by means of magnetic force so that the effects of magnets act indirectly and the magnetic lines of force developed from the magnetstructures could not be perfectly utilized for the separation of magnetic material.
- the belt itself for carrying the ores or other material to be separated is made of a flexible magnetic material such as magnetic rubber magnetized to have a sufficient number of magnet poles so that the magnetic powders or granules to be separated can be more perfectly and positively attracted by the special magnetic belt as it acts directly.
- the attractive force of a magnet is usually inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the magnet pole to the article to be attracted and when a material is adhered directly to magnet poles of the magnetic belt the attractive force increases intermittently and abruptly thoughthe magnetic force of the flexible magnetic belt itself is somewhat weaker than that of cast Alnico magnets orbariuin-ferrite sintered magnets, yet the attractive force of magnetic powders to the surface of conveyor.
- the flexible magnetic belt is specially constructed and the conveyor is adjustably arranged to have V a suitable slope and is provided with water injection noz- .be explained hereinafter in detail.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a magnetic separator of the invention
- FIG. 2A and -B are sectional elevation and plan view respectively of an embodiment of the flexible magnetic belt
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of an embodiment of the magnetic take-01f device
- FIG. 4 is a sectional View showing another embodiment of the magnetic take-01f device in which a permanent magnet is associated with each soft pole shoe,
- FlG. 5 is a partial sectional side view showing an embodiment of the magnetic'concentrating device.
- FIG. 6 represents curve diagrams illustrating the relation between the slope of the conveyor and yield, grades of concentrate and tailing.
- 1 represents a flexible magnetic belt of a substantial breadth having a suitable number of magnet poles provided there-
- the magnetic belt 1 may be made of a rubber belt as shown in -FIG. 2, wherein a suitable number of magnetic rubber pieces 2 are embedded therein at proper intervals.
- the belt may be made as a whole of flexible rubber material mixed with ferrite powders and vulcanized and then magnetized at definite spaces to have alternately different poles of N and S.
- the rubber magnet pieces 2 and nonmagnetic pieces 4 such as rubber pieces are attached alternately to the surface of a cloth belt 3 to form a flexible magnetic belt.
- the magnetic rubber pieces 2 are made of rubber mixed with ferrite powders for instance and magnetized to have N-S poles at each end alternately to show very sharp magnetic property to develop powerful attractive force.
- FIG. 5 represents belt pulleys supported on the machine frame 6, which is secured adjustably to the pillar 7 fixed to the base 8 of the machine and the slope of the belt conveyor maybe adjusted by means of a suitable adjusting device 9 sliding along the groove 9.
- adjusting means may be constructed in any Way as desired, but the adjustable feature of the belt conveyor is one of the essential features of the invention.
- 10 represents a driving motor, 11 a speed reduction gear, 12 and 13 represent belt pulleys and 14 a power transmission belt.
- the present magnetic separator is provided with a suitable number of water injection nozzles 15 arranged along the upper side of the belt adjacent thereto.
- a magnetic take-off means 1617 as shown in FIG. 3 is provided 'at a suitable position along the lower side 'of' shown in FIG. 4, wherein 18 represents a number of permanent magnets having pole pieces 19 of soft iron with alternately different polarities N and S.
- the magnetic forces act to takeoff the purified magnetic powders (concentrate) 21 attached to the surface of the magnetic belt 1 by the cooperation of N and S magnet pole pieces 19 with the alternate poles of N and S of the magnetic rubber pieces 2 on the belt 1 when the wheel 17 (FIG. 3) rotates.
- a water injection nozzle 22 is provided adjacent to the belt netic attraction of the magnetized portions or magnets 2 in the belt.
- the magnetic separator or concentrator of the invention can be operated at a suitable slope of the belt according to the kind and property of raw materials to be separated.
- the raw material such as iron sand is fed through a hopper or feeder 25 on the belt 1 which is supposed to be driven in the direction of arrow A.
- the magnetic particles are attracted to the belt and carried with it and the impurities in iron sand are washed off by the water issuing from the nozzles 15 and the concentrated iron sand is carried with the belt and is taken-off at the magnetic take-off device 1617.
- a magnetic separation device 23 (FIGS. 1 and is arranged adjacent to the back side of the upper magnetic belt conveyor 1 at a position opposite to the water injection nozzles 15.
- the magnetic separation device 23 is more clearly shown in FIG. 5, wherein 24 represents permanent magnets having pole pieces 25 of soft iron attached to each side thereof and energized to have N and S poles of alternately different polarities preferably to correspond with magnetic rubber pieces 2 of the belt 1.
- 26 represents non-magnetic piece such as wood or plastic material.
- the magnetic rubber belt 1 advances in the direction of arrow A (FIG. 1) carrying raw material to be separated thereon and passes the position opposite to the. magnetic device 23 the magnetic particles are acted upon by the magnetic field between the poles of the permanent magnets and N and S poles of the rubbermagnet pieces 2 and the particles take the direction of the magnetic field which is alternately reversed in phase as the belt travels so that the magnetic particles advance together with the traversing belt by alternately turning over and again tumbling over-and-over periodically and are subjected to the washing effect of the water jet so that impurities can be very clearly washed off and very high grade concentrate is carried by the magnetic belt and when they come to the position of the magnetic take-off device 1617, the very high grade concentrate can be taken off by the magnetic attraction, repulsion or demagnetization of the attracted magnetic powders.
- the action of the magnetic separating device 23 and the magnetic rubber pieces 2 of the belt on magnetic powders is very interesting in that the magnetic particles stand up on the surface of the belt by the magnetic lines of force caused by the cooperation of the magnet poles of rubber magnet pieces and the alternate N and S poles of the permanent magnets 24 and as the direction of flux is reversed by the travel of the belt the magnetic particles are turned over and water jet acts on the standing and upset particles so that the impurities can be very well eliminated and very excellent concentrate of high quality can be obtained.
- the magnetic field established by the magnets 25 therein will, in cooperation with the magnetic fields established in the magnets 2 in the belts surface, cause a periodic variation in the direction of the magnetic field. Therefore, as the belt traverses the separator 23, the magnetic field will reverse in direction as the magnets 4 in the separator 23 and the magnets in the belt are periodically aligned and misaligned. Since the particles will align themselves within the fields of force in the magnetic field, the particles will be subjected to position reversal such as tumbling. Thus, for example, a single particle will be aligned on'the surface of the belt, then will align itself standing on end with the magnetic field and finally tumble over as the field reverses.
- the magnetic separator of the invention as shown in FIG. 1 may be operated in a reverse direction as shown by thearrow B, i.e. in the same direction as the natural flow of water jet and in this case the upper surface of the belt is used as a rough separation and the lower surface of the belt may be used as a fine separation.
- the'belt is usually driven in the direction of the arrow A, i.e. in the reverse direction to the flowing water.
- the slope of the belt has an important relation to the grade of the concentrate to be obtained.
- An example of the relation is shown by the curve A in FIG. 6, wherein the ordinate shows the grade of concentrate and abscissa, the angle of inclination of the belt in degrees and the curve B shows the grade of tailing.
- the maximum grade of concentrate and tailing can be obtained at a slope from 50 to 60 showing that the highest grade of concentrate is 97.5 weight percent and the grade of tailing is 1.0 weight percent at the slope of 50 using the sample of beach iron sand of 5 to 7% grade at the rate of feed, 30 ton/hour and belt speed at m./min.
- A'magnetic separator for magnetic particles which comprises an endless belt conveyor having upper and lower runs arranged in an inclined position, the conveyorbelt being made of flexible material mixed with ferrite powders and magnetized to have a desired number of spaced apart magnetic poles, said spaced apart magnetic poles comprising north and south poles in alternately different polarities, a driving means for said flexible magnetic belt, water injection nozzles-arranged; above the upper run of said belt at the upper end of the incline and positioned to spray upon the upper surface of the upper run of said belt, a. magnetic take-01f device mounted adjacent the lower run of said belt to remove the'particles held on the belt surface, said device comprising means for establishing magnetic fields cancelling the attractive fields of said magnetic poles in said belt, and means for adjusting the slope of the belt.
- a magnetic separator which comprises a magnetic agitating device arranged adjacent an under side, of the upper run of the flexible magnetic belt in a position opposite to said water injection nozzles, said magnetic agitating device being made of a plurality of magnets having pole pieces of alternately different polarities to cooperate with the magnetic poles of the conveyor belt to cause alternately different magnetic fields when the belt travels, thereby agitating said magnetic particles on the surface of the belt as the field and the particles aligned therewith are reversed, during which the water from said nozzle acts to separate impurities from the magnetic particles.
- a magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic take-off device comprises a number of permanent magnets arranged at a spaced relation with each other and provided with pole pieces of alternately different polarities facing the magnetic belt, said permanent magnets being spaced adjacent said belt on the back side of the lower run thereof, and a revolving wheel positioned opposite said permanent magnets and on the other side of said belt, said revolving wheel having a number of soft iron poles projecting from its periphery adjacent to the magnetic belt and opposite said permanent magnets to cooperate with said permanent magnets and the magnet poles of the rubber magnet pieces of the belt acting to magnetically remove the concentrate from the magnetic belts and a water injection nozzle positioned adjacent the lower side of the lower run of said belt and longitudinally adjacent said revolving wheel on the side thereof facing toward the lower end of the incline cooperating with said magnetic take-01f device.
- a magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor belt consists of a flexible rubber belt having pieces of magnetic rubber embedded therein with a definite space between them and magnetized to have alternately 6 different magnetic poles N and S, said magnetic rubber pieces consisting of rubber material mixed with ferrite powders.
- a magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor belt consists of a cloth belt having pieces of magnetic rubber and non-magnetic rubber alternately adhered thereto and said magnetic rubber pieces are magnetized to have alternately different N and S poles.
- a magnetic separator comprising an endless belt conveyor having upper and lower runs arranged in an inclined position, said belt comprising a flexible material having a plurality of spaced apart magnetized strips extending across said belt, each strip having a north and south pole to provide magnetic fields to hold magnetic particles on the surface of said belt, means for driving said belt, means for spraying water onto the material on said belt, said spraying means being positioned adjacent and above the upper run of said belt and at the upper end of the incline, means for agitating said particles to expose the particle surfaces to the spray, said last named means comprising a plurality of magnets of alternating polarity positioned adjacent the underside of the upper run of said belt and opposite said spraying means to establish a mag netic field at the belt surface, said field being a composite field established by said magnets in said agitating means and said magnetized strips and said composite field changing direction as said belt moves past said agitating means to change the positions of the particles as the particles align themselves with the changing field and, thus, to agitate said particles exposing the surfaces
Landscapes
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP1188523X | 1960-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3124527A true US3124527A (en) | 1964-03-10 |
Family
ID=14746720
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US3124527D Expired - Lifetime US3124527A (en) | 1960-12-30 | Magnetic separating machines |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3124527A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1188523B (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3357559A (en) * | 1964-07-28 | 1967-12-12 | Eriez Magnetics | Endless belt magnetic separator with magnetic doffer |
DE1298464B (de) * | 1966-11-15 | 1969-07-03 | Philips Nv | Bandmagnetscheider |
US4295442A (en) * | 1978-08-04 | 1981-10-20 | Sperry Corporation | Magnetic toner apparatus |
US4298169A (en) * | 1979-09-26 | 1981-11-03 | The Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Selective flocculation, magnetic separation, and flotation of ores |
US5919737A (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 1999-07-06 | Broide; Efim | Method of separating a superconducting fraction from a mixture |
US20130026087A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2013-01-31 | Romar International Limited | Removal of magnetic particles from a fluid |
CN111298966A (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 韩国选别机株式会社 | 倾斜式磁选机 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US751150A (en) * | 1904-02-02 | Alexandeb dean | ||
US2759606A (en) * | 1952-12-31 | 1956-08-21 | Nippert Electric Products Comp | Magnetic oil cleaner for screw machine |
US3042205A (en) * | 1958-05-19 | 1962-07-03 | Robert F Merwin | Magnetic separator with magnetic rubber element |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE52188C (de) * | G. CONKLING in Glensfalls, New-York, Warren Street 106 | Magnetischer Scheideapparat | ||
DE1099935B (de) * | 1958-09-24 | 1961-02-16 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Magnetfoerderer mit einem endlosen Gummi- oder Kunststoff-Foerderband |
-
0
- US US3124527D patent/US3124527A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1961
- 1961-12-29 DE DEJ21108A patent/DE1188523B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US751150A (en) * | 1904-02-02 | Alexandeb dean | ||
US2759606A (en) * | 1952-12-31 | 1956-08-21 | Nippert Electric Products Comp | Magnetic oil cleaner for screw machine |
US3042205A (en) * | 1958-05-19 | 1962-07-03 | Robert F Merwin | Magnetic separator with magnetic rubber element |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3357559A (en) * | 1964-07-28 | 1967-12-12 | Eriez Magnetics | Endless belt magnetic separator with magnetic doffer |
DE1298464B (de) * | 1966-11-15 | 1969-07-03 | Philips Nv | Bandmagnetscheider |
US4295442A (en) * | 1978-08-04 | 1981-10-20 | Sperry Corporation | Magnetic toner apparatus |
US4298169A (en) * | 1979-09-26 | 1981-11-03 | The Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Selective flocculation, magnetic separation, and flotation of ores |
US5919737A (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 1999-07-06 | Broide; Efim | Method of separating a superconducting fraction from a mixture |
US20130026087A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2013-01-31 | Romar International Limited | Removal of magnetic particles from a fluid |
US8999159B2 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2015-04-07 | Romar International Limited | Removal of magnetic particles from a fluid |
CN111298966A (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 韩国选别机株式会社 | 倾斜式磁选机 |
CN111298966B (zh) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-09-06 | 韩国选别机株式会社 | 倾斜式磁选机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1188523B (de) | 1965-03-11 |
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