US3122600A - Electrode holder for electric furnaces - Google Patents

Electrode holder for electric furnaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3122600A
US3122600A US89747A US8974761A US3122600A US 3122600 A US3122600 A US 3122600A US 89747 A US89747 A US 89747A US 8974761 A US8974761 A US 8974761A US 3122600 A US3122600 A US 3122600A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
sleeve
holder
current
integrally joined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US89747A
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English (en)
Inventor
Souchet Joseph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solumeta
Original Assignee
Solumeta
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solumeta filed Critical Solumeta
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3122600A publication Critical patent/US3122600A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/28—Seat parts with tensioned springs, e.g. of flat type
    • A47C7/32—Seat parts with tensioned springs, e.g. of flat type with tensioned cords, e.g. of elastic type, in a flat plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/74—Iron group metals
    • B01J23/755—Nickel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16—Reducing
    • B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/02—Gasoline

Definitions

  • clamps comprising a plurality of contact plates which, generally, are pivotally connected among themselves and pressed (clamped) onto the electrode.
  • the present invention makes it possible to increase in a large ratio the contact surface between the current inlet and the electrode because the totality of the electrode periphery is utilized for the current inlet. At the same time, the invention makes it possible to obtain a tight seal between the electrode and the electrode holder.
  • the present invention comprises the obtainment of electric contact between the electrode and the one or more elements of the electrode holder which receive the current, by packing between these two parts a comminuted or powdered material, which conducts the electric cur rent and which is heat resistant.
  • the electrode holder is provided with a metallic tubular part or sleeve, which is concentric with the electrode and having an internal diameter larger than the diameter of the electrode, and acomminuted material is disposed in the annular. space between these two parts, means being provided for maintaining this material in a compacted condition.
  • the contact is established uniformly over the entire periphery of the electrode, thereby avoiding formation of hot spots or burned areas.
  • the sleeve is chosen of a more or less greater length, and the current density is maintained between the usual limits by increasing the contact surface between the conducting powdered material and the electrode.
  • the upper part of the sleeve comprises a screw-type stufling box which compresses the graphite in the annular space provided therefor.
  • the novel device according to the invention presents the advantage of providing not only an excellent electric joint, but also a joint which is sealed to gases between the electrode and the'part where the current is introduced, the said joint nevertheless enabling relative displacement between the electrode and the partwhere the current is introduced.
  • the novel electrode is especially advantageous when used for electric furnaces where the atmosphere of the hearth must be different in pressure and/or composition from the external atmosphere.
  • a sealed (tight) electrode holder by additionally providing between the parts of the electrode holder which are subjected to relative longitudinal displacement, tight sliding (expansion) joints of a heat-resistant material.
  • the present invention finds a particularly important application in the case where it is desired to obtain a sealed (tight) electrode holder, of variable inclination, an arrangement which makes it possible to maintain optimum spacing between the electrodes of the same furnace, in spite of variations in the level of the bath ly used graphite in the form of powder and/or flakes.
  • the sleeve is provided at its lower end with one or more packing rings to avoid loss of graphite, aloss which can be produced by entrainment when the electrode is displaced relatively to the sleeve.
  • Means are provided for pressing the graphite-at least when the electrodes are under current-both against the electrode and against the current inlet sleeve.
  • the fixed part in the space of the electrode holder comprises a fixed sector-shaped base (seat), for example, on the roof of the furnace, and on whichis mounted an element, or electrode guide, having a surface complementary to that of the sector-shaped base.
  • a fixed sector-shaped base for example, on the roof of the furnace, and on whichis mounted an element, or electrode guide, having a surface complementary to that of the sector-shaped base.
  • FIGURE 1 represents, in (half) section, a current inlet arrangement according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 shows in (half) section an embodiment of a sealed electrode holder having a variable inclination.
  • the sleeve 1 of the electric holder has a slightly truncated internal surface 2.
  • the electric current is led into said sleeve, for example, by means of a lug (thimble, socket) 3 connected to the cable 4.
  • the sleeve 1 is moreover supported by any convenient means on a stationary portion of the installation, such as a cross piece, furnace roof, etc., not illustrated in the drawing, by the intermediary of any suitable longitudinal translation means such as a jack, pulley block, etc., which makes it possible to regulate the elevation of the electrode.
  • the electrode 5 is clamped in a locking collar (clamp) 6 integral with the sleeve 1, or integral with a part which is itself integral with said sleeve.
  • the space 7 between the electrode and the internal face 2 of the sleeve is provided with a mixture of graphite scales and powder which is retained at the bottom by a) one or more graphite rings 8, and which is compressed by means of a stufiing-box 9.
  • supplementary guiding rings are advantageously provided for the electrode, in order that the electrode not be forced on the graphite ring 8.
  • the said ring 3 has for its object to retain the powderscale graphite mixture 'while permitting sliding of the electrode, so that its diameter should be adjusted with precision.
  • FIGURE 2 there is illustrated a special embodiment of the present invention in which advantage is taken of the seal (tightness) secured between the current inlet sleeve 1 and the electrode by reason of the provision of a conductive joint of graphite flakes.
  • FIGURE 2 shows a sealed (tight) and orientable electrode holder, which makes it possible to obtain a very precise regulation of arc furnaces provided with a controlled atmosphere.
  • the electric contact between the sleeve 1, cooled by circulation of water in the tubes and the electrode 5 is assured, as previously described, by means of graphite powder and flakes which are packed in the space 7 by means of the stufiing-box 9, while the mechanical clamping of the electrode on the electrode holder is completed by a locking ring 6 integral with the sleeve.
  • the sleeve 1 is extended by a tubular skirt 11, likewise cooled, and comprising at its lower part a sealing joint 12 secured into a stuffing-box.
  • the said joint is susceptible of sliding with a translation motion on the external surface of a tubular electrode guide 13, cooled by water circulation and eventually comprising a ring 14, or a portion of a ring, for guiding or supporting the electrode when the latter is not vertical, said guide being not liable to any translation motion.
  • Regulation of the electrode in height is carried out by means of any usual regulating device such as-illustrated by way of example on FIGURE 2one or more jacks 15 the cylinders of which rest on a fixed part used in the translation of the electrode holder, such as the tubular guide 13, and the pistons 16 of which act on the sleeve 1 or on a part which is integral with the latter.
  • any usual regulating device such as-illustrated by way of example on FIGURE 2one or more jacks 15 the cylinders of which rest on a fixed part used in the translation of the electrode holder, such as the tubular guide 13, and the pistons 16 of which act on the sleeve 1 or on a part which is integral with the latter.
  • the ring 6 is then re-cl-amped and the collar 19 is loosened, to again permit operation of the electrode by means of the jacks 15.
  • the inclination of the electrode holder is rendered variable by providing for the tubular electrode guide 16, a cylindrical lower sup-. porting surface 2t) which rests on a corresponding surface of a cooled base 22-22 comprising an insulating joint 23 and fixed, for example, to the roof 24 of the furnace.
  • suitable means for pressing the cylindrical surfaces 2% and 22 against each other prevent any accidental inclination of the electrode holder, and flexible joints, such as 25, insure complete tightness of the pivoting arrangement.
  • an electrode in combination: an electrode, a tubular electrode holder sleeve surrounding said electrode, spaced therefrom and provided with tubes for circulating a cooling medium; a divided, heat resistant conductive, carbon containing material in the space between the sleeve and the electrode, said space being defined by a conical surface; a current inlet arrangement for said holder and means for passing current into the latter; means for compressing the divided material to thereby establish at the same time close electric con-tact and sealing to gases between the sleeve and the electrode; a jack device integrally joined with both the sleeve and an electrode guide; an electrode clamping device in-tegrally joined with the sleeve and adapted to operate during the time of current passing into said holder and to be temporarily loosen-ed during the upward movement of said sleeve; another electrode clamping device 19, independent cf said sleeve, integrally joined with the electrode guide and adapted to be loosened during the time of current passing into said holder
  • the electrode holder sleeve comprises a downwardly ex tending tubular skirt having a sealing joint at its lower part secured into a stufiing box, thereby perfecting the gas-tightness of the electrode holder.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
US89747A 1960-02-17 1961-02-16 Electrode holder for electric furnaces Expired - Lifetime US3122600A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR818760A FR1257155A (fr) 1960-02-17 1960-02-17 Porte-électrode pour fours électriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3122600A true US3122600A (en) 1964-02-25

Family

ID=8725355

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US89747A Expired - Lifetime US3122600A (en) 1960-02-17 1961-02-16 Electrode holder for electric furnaces

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3122600A (fr)
FR (1) FR1257155A (fr)
GB (1) GB970718A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3189673A (en) * 1962-09-19 1965-06-15 Union Carbide Corp Electrode holder

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US846521A (en) * 1905-09-16 1907-03-12 Advance Furnace Company Of America Electric furnace.
US871338A (en) * 1906-04-21 1907-11-19 Electro Metallurg Francaise Soc Electric furnace.
US908407A (en) * 1907-10-03 1908-12-29 Electro Metallurg Francaise Soc Electric furnace.
US1173960A (en) * 1914-11-02 1916-02-29 Southern Electro Chemical Company Electric furnace.
US1252633A (en) * 1917-08-06 1918-01-08 Carl Hans Vom Baur Electric furnace.
US1363815A (en) * 1919-04-24 1920-12-28 Vanadium Corp Electrode-holder
US1637052A (en) * 1921-08-01 1927-07-26 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Process of producing metallic carbon
US1737890A (en) * 1927-04-27 1929-12-03 Alexander Wacker Ges Fur Elect Apparatus and method of controlling electrodes in electric furnaces
US2405236A (en) * 1944-07-24 1946-08-06 Permanente Metals Corp Electrode sealing means

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US846521A (en) * 1905-09-16 1907-03-12 Advance Furnace Company Of America Electric furnace.
US871338A (en) * 1906-04-21 1907-11-19 Electro Metallurg Francaise Soc Electric furnace.
US908407A (en) * 1907-10-03 1908-12-29 Electro Metallurg Francaise Soc Electric furnace.
US1173960A (en) * 1914-11-02 1916-02-29 Southern Electro Chemical Company Electric furnace.
US1252633A (en) * 1917-08-06 1918-01-08 Carl Hans Vom Baur Electric furnace.
US1363815A (en) * 1919-04-24 1920-12-28 Vanadium Corp Electrode-holder
US1637052A (en) * 1921-08-01 1927-07-26 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Process of producing metallic carbon
US1737890A (en) * 1927-04-27 1929-12-03 Alexander Wacker Ges Fur Elect Apparatus and method of controlling electrodes in electric furnaces
US2405236A (en) * 1944-07-24 1946-08-06 Permanente Metals Corp Electrode sealing means

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3189673A (en) * 1962-09-19 1965-06-15 Union Carbide Corp Electrode holder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB970718A (en) 1964-09-23
FR1257155A (fr) 1961-03-31

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