US311072A - hochhausen - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

W. HOGHHAUSEN.

AUTOMATIG GUT-OUT FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS.

No. 311,072. Patented Jan.20,1885.

ATTEST:

INVENTDH: $2 7 (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. HOOHHAUSEN.

AUTOMATIC GUT-OUT FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS.

No. 311,072. Patented Jan.20,1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HOOHHAUSEN, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

AUTOMATIC CUT-O UT FOR ELECTFHC LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,972, dated January 20, 1885.

Application filed May 31, 1882.

T aZZ'wh-om it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WM. ITIOCHI'IAUSEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Cut-Outs for Electric Lamps, of which the tollowing is a specification.

My invention is designed to remove a defeet in the operation of automatic cut-outs, and to make a cut-out that shall be perfectly reliable and positive in action in every phase of its operation. Under the present methods of constructing automatic cut-outs the restoration of the cut out devices to their normal position, so as to break the cutout circuit and put the lamp into operative condition again after being shunted, is dependent upon the shunting or short-circuiting of the current around the cut-out when the carbons come into contact. Under this plan the cutout, although it may be certain in its action in forming a cut-out circuit, is not perfectly reliable in restoring the circuits to their normal condition. I aim to make the action of the cut-out device positive and certain by causing its restoration to a normal condition by a positively-acting device energized by the closing of the circuit through the carbons.

My invention consists in employing a sup plemental coil or magnet the circuit through which is closed by contact of the carbons, and which acts in any suitable manner, either mechanically or electrically, to cause the cut-out device to break the cut-out circuit, so that the lamp may resume its operation. My invention may be applied to any form of cut-out, although I have shown it as applied to the cut-out arrangement claimed in Letters Patent granted to me August 23, 1881, No. 2-.t6,l37, in which arrangement the cut-out circuit is closed by the recession of the regulating devices of the lamp, and is maintained by the action of an electro-magnet in the cut-out circuit. I wishit to be distinctly understood, however, that I do not limit myself to this particular kind of a cutout, my invention being applicable to any automatic cutout device which acts to close a safety-circuit when 50 the arcis extinguished from any cause, the

l l l (No model.)

design being to cause the carbons when they come together to close the circuit of a positively-acting device for restoring the cut-out devices to their normal condition.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a diagram of circuits and apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a modified plan of carrying the invention into practice. Fig. 3 is aside view showing the details of construction of a portion of the cut-out device, and the mechanism for restoring it to a normal condition. Fig. 4: is an end view of the electromagnetic switch that actsto keep the cut-out closed, and that also acts, when set, to close the circuit for the unsetting magnet or coil, so that when the carbons come together a current shall flow through said unsetting-coils.

Referring to Fig. 1, A represents a portion of the lever for the regulating mechanism of the lamp, which lever serves, when retracted to an abnormal extent, to close a shunt or safety circuit, in the manner explained in the patent mentioned, by means or a double pivoted latch device, (to, consisting of a swinging piece, (6, pivoted on the lever, and a second piece, I), pivoted on a stationary support, and adapted, when actuated by a pin on a, to be thrown into contact with a spring, 0.

I I? represent the positive and negative binding-posts ot' the lamp, the circuit from one to the other of which is through the carbons, as indicated, in the ordinary way.

The electro-magnets l'or the regulating mechanism are omitted for the sake of simplicity.

E represents the switch electro magnet, which acts to keep the safety cut-out circuit closed, although contact may be broken at b c. The armature-lever of this electro-' magnet carries a double circuit-closing device consisting of a pivoted block, 13, hung from the lever in such a way that it may be turned to one side or the other, but will retain the position it may take,which block carries two circuit-closers, O 1), adapted to make contact, respectively, with two contact-stops, 5 6, one connected to the switch-magnet E and the other to the releasing or unsett-ing coil F. The purpose of thus mounting the block 13 willbe presently explained. Grepresents the :00

armature-lever of the unsetting-magnet F, provided with an extension, h, extending over armature-lever of electro-magnet E, so that whenG is attracted the extension h will strike sharply against said armature-lever and restore it or assist in restoring it to a normal position.

M is a small artificial resistance, )laced in the main circuit with the carbons at some point between the points at which the cut-out circuit is connected, the purpose of the resistance being only to cause the diversion of some current into the circuit which contains the releasing coil or magnet, and which forms a derived circuit around the resistance when said circuit is closed and the main current flows through the carbons.

It is obvious that the resistance M might be the resistance of the main-circuit coilor magnet for thefeed-regulating devices of 'thelam p.

The circuits and the operation are as follows: In the normal condition of the parts that is, when the lamp is acting properly the shunt or safety circuit is open, and the armature-lever of E being unattracted, the contacts at C 6 and D 5 are broken. As the contacts 0 6 serve to complete the circuit of coil F through wires 9 9, &c., said coil is under the above conditions unaffected, and its armatureis retracted, as indicated. lVhen the are for any reason is undulylengthened or becomes extinguished, the cut out circuit 8 8, &c., including the eleetro-magnet I is completed at c in the well-known manner, causingthe armature-lever of E to be attracted and to close both contacts 0 6 D 5, the effect of which is to complete a new connection for electro-magnet E, and the cut-out circuit through wires 10 10, leading from the positive binding-post I and circuit-closer D 5 through wires 8 8 to post N, so that said magnet continues to hold the armature-lever in the proper position to keep the safety-circuit closed, although contact may be broken at c. The closing of the contacts 0 6 also completes the circuit for magnet F through-wires 9 9, spring 0, and stop, but the latter is as yet unaffected, no current flowing through the carbons. In this operation, if the two circuitclosers carried by the block B should happen not to be in proper position or adjustment to make good contact with both stops, the block will turn upon its support and adjust itself to the inequality, so that both contacts will be fully made, and so that, further, when the an mature-lever recedes or is forced back both circuits will be broken simultaneously. The latter function is quite importantin the proper operation of the device, since, as will be readily understood, it is desirable that the nnsetting electromagnet F should not break its own circuit and be de-energized before it breaks the cut out circuit at D 5. lVhen the carbons are restored to contact, so that the lamp is ready to resume its operation, the cut-out circuit should be broken.

In previous forms of cut-out the contact of the carbons, by establishing a short circuit around the cut-out magnet, causes it to be deenergized, and to thus release the cut-out mechanism and break the cut-out circuit. In my invention the restoration of the cut-out circuit is brought about by the positive action of the electro-magnet F, the circuit to which has been closed at O 6 simultaneously with the formation of the cut-out circuit, and which is energized by the current flowing through the carbons, a portion of which current is diverted by the resistance M into said elcctro-mag net. In the present instance the energizing of the magnet by the coming together of the carbons causes,through theintervention ofmechanical devices, the restoration of the cut out mechanism to its normal position, the device here shown consisting of the tail h to the armature-lever, which, when the armature is attracted, strikes sharply against the end of the lever carrying the circuit-closer, by which the cut-out circuit is maintained so as to break said circuit. In so doing it breaks its own circuit by disconnecting the circuit-closer G from the stop 6, so that no portion of the light ing-current can any longer flow through it.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2 the coming together of the carbons closes the circuit, ofa depolarizing coil applied to the core of the electro-magnet D, so as to neutralize the effects of the cut-out current flowing through said electroanagnet.

The arrangement of the parts and the construction is substantially the same as in Fig. 1,with the exception that in place of the electro-magnet I a supplemental coil, H, wound reversely to the coils E of the cut-out electromagnet is employed, the circuit of which coil is closed in the same way as the circuit of magnet F by means of the circuit-closer C (5.

The diagram clea rl y shows the arrangement. lVhen the current is caused to flow through coil H by the coming together of the carbons, said coils act to depolarize the core of electromagnet E, so that the switch-lever will be unattracted, and will return to anormal position breaking the cut-out circuit, as also the circuit of coil I-I.

Itis obvious that the depolarizing influence of the coil II might be used in other ways l'amiliar to those versed in the applications olelectricity for accomplishing the desired object.

It is obvious that the electro-magnet or coil which is energized by the current conveyed to it by the contact of the carbons, may act in other ways besides those shown, either directly or indirectly, to restore the cutout devices to their normal position, and I do not limit myself to the particular methods described, as my invention consists, broadly, in employing the positive action of a coil or magnet energized by the coming together of the carbons for restoring the cut-out devices, instead of depending merely upon the diversion IlO of the current from the cut-out device by the closing of the circuit through the carbons.

It is also to be understood that I do not limit my invention tothe particular kind of a cutout shown, as it is within the scope of it to use the unsetting or releasing coil or magnet with other forms.

One construction of the switclrmagnet E and the unsetting magnet F that may be adopted in practice, is shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

R represents a base-block of any suitable material, carrying standards or gallows-frames 1' r, to the cross-beams of which are bolted the horseshoe electro-magnets E and F. The armatures for said elcctro-magnets are pivoted in the uprights at the points 7, as shown, and each is retracted by its own weight, being pivoted to one side of its center of gravity.

Connected to the armature of E is a horizontal pin or stem, L, upon the cylindrical end of which is pivoted, in such a way as to swing with slight friction, a block, B, of insulating material, to the upper side of which on either end are secured the ends of conductingstrips Z, of copper, to which are secured the proper connecting-wires.

S is a block of insulating material, upon which are mounted the standards T T, bent over at their top and carrying adjustable contact-screws, as shown, with the ends of which the strips 1 make contact when the armaturelever of E is attracted.

To the standards T are attached in any suitable manner the connecting wires, for the unsetting coil or magnet and for the cut-out circuit, respectively, after the manner already described.

The armaturelever of the unsettiug-inagnet F is provided with an extension, h, through the end of which projects an adjustable screw, \V,which, when the armature of F is attracted, comes into contact with the block B immediately over the point where the stem L supports it.

The construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is but one of many that may be adopted in practice.

I do not limit myself to the particular arrangement of connections, and the particular circuitcloser herein described for introducing the unsetting electro-magnet into circuit with the carbons. Other circuit-closers or switches operating with. the cut-out may be employed, provided they be so arranged and connected as to introduce the unsetting-coil into proper electrical relation with the carbons, so that when a current flows through them said electro-magnet will be energized.

Vhat I claim as my invention is 1. The combination, substantially as and for the purpose set forth, with an automatic safety cut-out mechanism for an electriearc lamp, of a releasing or unsetting coil or electro -n1agnet, and connections, as described, from said coil or eleetro-inagnet to the general circuit, so that when the carbons come to gether said coil or electro-magnet will be en ergized.

2. The combination, substantially as described, with an automatic safety circuit-closer for electric-arc lamps, of an electroanagnet whose armature is arranged so as to impinge upon said circuit-closer when the electromagnet is energized, and circuit-connections from said electro-magnet to the carbon-circuit, so that it may be energized when the carbons come together.

3. The combination, in an electric-arc lamp, of circuit-closing devices, a derived or branch circuit closed thereby when the current in the main circuit decreases, mechanism arranged to impinge upon said circuit-closing devices, an electro-magnet for actuating said mechanism, and connections from said electro-magnet to the circuit containing the carbons, so that when the latter come together the electromagnet will be energized.

4. The combination, with a circuit-closer for a derived or safety-circuit of an electricarc lamp, of a supplemental circuit-closer for closing the circuit of an unsetting-magnet, and mechanism actuated by the unsetting electro magnet, and arranged to impinge against the circuitclosing mechanism so as to break both circuits.

The combination,with a circuit-closer for a safety-shunt or derived circuit for an electriclamp, of an unsetting electroanagnet or coil and circuit-closing devices opera-ting simultaneously with the safety-circuit closer, for including said magnet or coil in a circuit con nected with the carbon-circuit, so as to be co mpleted by the coming together of the carbons.

6. The combination, substantially as described, of a general circuit, a safety circuitcloser, an unsetting-coil or eleetro-magnet connected to the general circuit betweeen the points of connection olthe safety-circuit, and a supplemental eircnitcloser for closing a break in the circuit of the releasing magnet or coil.

7. The combination, with an automatic cut out, of a releasing or unsetting magnet in a circuit connected to the general circuit on either side of an artificial resistance, and a circuitcloser in the circuit of said magnet,said circuitcloser being controlled directly or indirectly by the automatic cut-out devices.

8. The combination, substantially described, of an electro-niagnet, E, two circuitclosers operated thereby, and electroanagnet F, having a break in its circuit controlled by one of said circuit-closers, and having also an armature-lever projecting over the support for the circuit-closers, for the purpose set forth.

E). The combination, substantially as de scribed,of a safety cut-out circuit-closer, a supplemental circuit-closer, an unsetting or releasing electro-magnet in circuit with the supplemental circuit-closer, an artificial resistance in the circuit for the carbons at a point between the points of connection of the safety circuit, and connections from the general circuit on either side of the resistance to the supplemental circuit-closer and the u nsetti 11g electro-magnet.

10. The combination, substantially as described, of an electro-magnet, E, in the cutout circuit, a circuit-closer operated thereby for preservingthe cut-out circuit, a supplemental circuit-closer, also operated by said electromagnet, and an unsetting or releasing magnet in circuit with the supplemental circuitcloser for unsetting or releasing both circuit-closers, so as to break the circuit of electromagnet E, as well as its own circuit.

11. The combination, with the two contactstops, of the two contact-plates or circuit-closers, mounted on a pivoted block whose pivot is carried by a support adapted to move to ward and away from the contact-stops, said contact plates or circuit closers being arranged 011 opposite sides of the pivot, as and for the purpose described.

12. The con'ibination, substantially as described, of a safety cut-out circuit-closer, an unsetting electro-magnet, a supplemental circuit-closer in circuit with said electro-magnet, a swingingframe or support to which said circuit-closers are connected on eitherside of the pivotal point, and fixed stops ranged in line with the two sides of the swinging frame.

13. The combination of the armature-lever, the pivot or stem L,attached to said lever, the bodily-movable block B, swinging on said'piv- 0t and carrying the two circuit-closing points or surfaces on either side of the pivot, and the two fixed stops on the same side of the block, arranged as described, so that when the block B is carried bodily by the armature toward the stops both contacts will be closed, and the block will automatically take position so that both contacts will be broken at the same instant on the reverse movement.

14. The combination, substantially as described, of a safety cut-out cireuit-closer, an nnsetting electro-magnet, and a supplen'iental circuitcloser for introducing the electromag not into a circuit with the carbons.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 29th day of May, A. D. 1882.

VILLI AM I-IOOH. HAUSEN.

Witnesses:

H. C. TowNsEND, THos. TooMEY.

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