US380114A - Chaeles heislee - Google Patents

Description

(No Mddel.)

c. HEISLER. v INGANDESGENT ELECTRIC LAMP HOLDER AND GUT-OUT.

Patented Mar; 27

o, Wu N11112: W! 6 & a i v a k k 7 J I 7 x. M a; 6 7 M, f 9' W n @w o rvwfflw h drill ll k jmo'erzzw @wrf Weckf UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES HEISLER, OF. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

INCANDESChNT-ELECTRlC-LAMP HOLDER AND CUT-OUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 380,114, dated March 27, 1888.

Application filed January 18,1887. Serial No. 224,709. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES HEIsLnR, of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Incandesoent-Electric-Lamp Holders and Out-Outs; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to incandescent electric lamps placed in series, and more particularly to mechanism for shunting the current from one lamp to another in double or multiple lamps when, from any cause, a lamp becomes inoperative or when they all become 'inoperative for short-circuiting the whole of the double or multiple lamp.

The invention includes details of construction and involves the same general principle shown in an application, No. 224,708, filed by me'in the United States Patent Office of even date herewith.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the magnets with the armatures and the shunting-levers added thereto. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line a: w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the lamp-terminals. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the apparatus with the electrical connection, the parts being somewhat displaced for the purpose of more clearly showing the connections.

In the drawings is shown a pair of incandescent lamps, A B. The lamp A is attached to two sockets, a b, and the lamp B to two other sockets, c d, and these are supported upon the frame-works of the electro-magnet, hereinafter explained. They connect with the terminals of the lamp, as shown more clearly in Fig. 4-.-that is to say, a b with the terminals of the lamp A, and c d with the terminals of the lamp B. The cores of the electro-magnets are shown at D. They are in the form of a flat bar, as shown in Fig. 2 in dotted lines, set on end. These form practically one piece, and are preferably cast, though they may be otherwise formed, with flanges of g, these flanges forming pole-pieces of two magnet-s, the central flange, f, being common to both.

The lower flange, g, has a raised portion or boss, on its lower surface, to which is bolted one of the sockets a of the lamp A. On the upper flange, e, is a binding-post, z", for electrically connecting one end of the line-wire with that flange, thus forming an electrical connection with the line directly through the core D of both magnets, and the boss g to one of the terminals of the lamp, in the same manner as explained in my application before mentioned. The sockets b 0 may be cast in one piece, and they are both connected to a conducting-bracket, E, which extends upward outside of the electro-magnet, and the upper part is bent inward and bolted to, but insulated upon, the upper flange, e, and in electrical connection with the binding-post i. The insulating-disk F, preferably of vulcanized fiber, is held by the bolts which connect the sockets to their supports, being interposed between the sockets and the said supports.

It will be observed that the current from the line when the lamp A is working is through permanent connectionsviz., through the core D, socket a, the lamp, the socket b, the bracket E, and back to the line-and when the current is through this circuit there is practically no current through the socket d.

The next point is to establish a current in the lamp B in case of failure in the working of the lamp A. This action is accomplished in the following manner: About the upper part of the core D a coil, Z, is wound, this being connected electrically at its upper end directly with the binding-post 73, through which the current enters. The lower end of this coil is connected by means of the wire 9 with the arm G. The lever H is supported out of contact with the spring 6 by means of an armature, K, pivotally supported, as shown, and depending so that it will extend downwardly beside the coil Z and its core, with its free end opposite the central flange, f. It is suitably notched at this end to engage with a shoulder on the lever H, and a spring is provided which keeps it normally away from the flange. Now, when from any cause the lamp A is inoperative, and the circuit through the core D is thus broken, the current will be forced through the coil Z, finding an outlet or complete circuit through the wire 9, arm G, lamp B, and conducting-bracket E. While this establishes a current, the current derived does not render the lamp fully operative, and hence the working-circuit must be formed through the lever H and contact 6. The combined magnetic force of the pole-piece f, upper core, D, and

coil Z attracts the armature K against the pressure of the spring, thus releasing the lever H, which, falling upon the spring 6, closes the circuit and furnishes the current necessary to work lamp B.

The means for short-circuiting the entire lamp upon the failure of lamp B is now to be described.

A second lever similar to H is employed, as at 3, also pivoted to the central flange, f. \Vith this is combined an armature, K, secured to the lower flange, so as to have movement toward and from the adjacent portion of core D. As with the other armature K, a spring is used to hold the armature in a normal position away from the central flange and in engagement with the lever 3 to support the same. Directly beneath and in range of the end of lever 3 as it falls is a second spring, 7, connected directly with the conducting-bracket E. The circuit which must be established for cutting out the entire lamp is formed through the lever 3, contact 7, and bracket E, and this is effected as follows: Around the lower core, D, is wound a coil, Z, having its upper end in electrical connection with the flan ge f, and its other end connected to one of the contact-pieces, 14, of a switch, 13 14:, which, as shown, is usually normally open. The contact-piece 13 of this switch is connected electrically with the bracket E, and mechanically with a tail-piece on the lever H, through non-conducting connection 15. Now when the lever I-I falls, to work the second lamp, ]3, contact is made at the switch, so that upon the failure of this lamp, the circuit being broken therethrough, and also through the cores D and first lamp, the current will have only one outletviz., through the coil Z, switch, and bracket. The passage of the current through this course will magnetize the lower core, D, which, together with the coil Z and pole-piecef, will exert sufficient force to overcome the spring and to attract the armature, thereby releasing the lever 3 and making the required short-circuit for the entire lamp.

To state briefly,the action of the parts is as follows: While the lamp A is operative the current passes entirely through the soft-iron core D, little or no current being present in the coil Z of the electro magnet, wherein the resistance is much greater than that offered in the lamp. NVhen, however, this lamp ceases to work by reason of the destruction of the filament, the current is forced through the upper coil of the electromagnet, the lower one being broken at the switch. The passage of the current through the upper coil magnetizes the upper core only, and this attraction, together with that of the coils and pole-pieces, causes the upper armature, K, to move, the other armature remaining inactive. This movement of the upper armature releases the lever H,which establishes the working-circuit through the contact 6 and lamp B. This action also closes the switches and provides an additional circuit through the lower coil, Z,

switches, and bracket E, which circuit, however, is of high resistance and receives little or no current while the lamp B is operating. Upon the failure of this second lamp, however, the current is forced through this high-resistance circuit with a result similar to that described in connection with the coil Z-that is to say, the lower coil is magnetized, the lower armature drawn up, and the lever 3 falls, thus accomplishing the cut'out of the entire lamp.

A manual and thermal switch may be located upon the upper flange, c, and the parts are intended to be connected and supported in the same manner as explained in my aforesaid application.

I have shown only two lamps; but others may be added by grouping them on the same principle. It will of course be understood that the resistance of the coils Z Z must be greater than the resistance of the filament of the lamps, the difference of connection being left to the skill of the operator, it being understood that when the lamp is working practically no current shall go through the coils of the electro-magnets.

I am aware that it is not new to shunt the current in an electric lamp temporarily through the core of an electro-magnet, and I do not wish my claims to be understood as including this matter.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination, an electric lamp permanently in the main circuit through the core of an electro-magnet having two spools on one core, a second lamp, one terminal of which is connected with the main line by a shunt through the core of the electro-magnet,which is normally open while the first lamp is operating, connection between the coil of one spool and one terminal of the second lamp, an armature operated by the electro-magnet to close the circuit of said lamp through the core,a second switch arranged to short-circuit the lamps through the core, a switch between the second coil on the electro-magnet and the line, normally open and closed by the first switch of the electro-magnet to form connection with the main line, and a second armature to operate the switch which short-circuits the lamp, all substantially as described.

2. In combination, the core D, having the pole-flanges f g and its armatures and coils, an electric lamp having one terminal directly connected to the lower flange and to the line through the upper flange, and its other terminal connected to the line through a conductingpiece supported upon a flange of the core, but insulated therefrom, whereby the circuit ofthe lamp is through the core of the electromagnet, at second lamp having one terminal connected to the same conducting-piece with the second terminal of the first lamp and its other terminal connected to theline through a switch released by an armature, K, when the first lamp ceases to work by means of the coil Z, whereby the second lamp is placed in circuit, a second switch arranged to shortcircuit both lamps and released by an armature, K, con trolled by the coil Z, in circuit with the main line through a switch, as 13 14, all substantially as described.

3. In combination with two spools having a common iron core, flanges upon the ends of said core and an intermediate flange forming one common pole-piece combined with two armatures, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the core D, having the pole-pieces e and f, the armature K, and the switch-lever H, said armature and switch-1ever being supported by the said flanges e and f, substantially as described.

5. In c0mbination,the coreD,cornmon to two I 5 spools, and having flanges e and g and intermediate flange, f,the armatnres,and switch-1evers, all of said parts being supported by the flanges, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name 20 to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. HEISLER.

Witnesses:

W. B. HOMER, PAUL F. COSTE.

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