US3093867A - Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver Download PDF

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Publication number
US3093867A
US3093867A US82297A US8229761A US3093867A US 3093867 A US3093867 A US 3093867A US 82297 A US82297 A US 82297A US 8229761 A US8229761 A US 8229761A US 3093867 A US3093867 A US 3093867A
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United States
Prior art keywords
dye
nip
rolls
strand
roll
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US82297A
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English (en)
Inventor
Norman H Chandler
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Thor Mills Ltd
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Thor Mills Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL273433D priority Critical patent/NL273433A/xx
Application filed by Thor Mills Ltd filed Critical Thor Mills Ltd
Priority to US82297A priority patent/US3093867A/en
Priority to FR884636A priority patent/FR1315283A/fr
Priority to CH37262A priority patent/CH387581A/fr
Priority to CH1351662A priority patent/CH391635A/fr
Priority to GB1269/62A priority patent/GB934015A/en
Priority to LU41087D priority patent/LU41087A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3093867A publication Critical patent/US3093867A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P7/00—Dyeing or printing processes combined with mechanical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0003—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of fibres, slivers or rovings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/02—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through moving materials of indefinite length
    • D06B5/04—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through moving materials of indefinite length through slivers or rovings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the colouring or dyeing of running lengths of non-woven textile fibres, for example in the form of roving, sliver, slubbing, top, yarn, warp or filament.
  • the material In dyeing running lengths of unwoven textile fibre the material is generally wound into a loose form such as a hank or skein or otherwise wound onto a perforated tube and the material immersed in a dye bath which ultimately contains a liquid carrier such as water, the colouring matter to be applied, and generally a number of auxiliaries to aid in the dyeing depending on the method being employed. Either the material moves through a stationary dye bath or the dye bath is moved through the material which is stationary. The dyeing depends on the afiinity of the fibre for the dyestuff contained in the bath.
  • the auxiliaries in the bath are generally included to either aid affixing of the dyestuflt on the fibre, or to speed up the action, or to reduce the alfinity of the tdyestuff for the fibre so as to ultimately increase the levelness of the dyeing.
  • the dyeing is complete when the dyer feels that the goods have come up to shade by taking on of dyestuff from the bath.
  • Printing is generally carried out on running lengths of unwoven fibre by applying a thickened paste of colouring matter to the material by an embossed roll. This is generally referred to in the trade as vigoreux printing. After the printing paste has been applied in the desired fashion, the dyestulf is fixed to the fibre by convenient means. The fibre is then scoured to remove any excess colouring matter and thickening which has not become fixed to the fibre. Subsequent drafting and blending of the fibres is necessary to level out any unevenness occurring during printing.
  • the method of the present invention overcomes many of the difficulties encountered with existing methods of dyeing and printing running lengths of unwoven fibre.
  • a non-varying percentage of dyestuff solution to the material on a continuous basis and that non-varying amount is forced to migrate evenly throughout the running length.
  • the proportion of dyestuff based on the weight of the goods is non varying and such that it is always capable of being taken on by the fibre during the subsequent fixing operation and as a consequence a scour is not required to remove excess dyestuif.
  • the running lengths of unwoven fibres are passed between two surfaces of compression.
  • the dyes-tuft is applied with necessary auxiliary materials Patented June 18, 1963 (egg. acids, softeners, alkalis) in solution to the surfaces of compression by means of a pump of constant flow.
  • the solution to supply the pump comes from a reservoir in which the solution is constantly agitated so as to produce a homogeneous and constant solution to the surfaces of compression.
  • the dye is applied in measured amounts to the strand itself before the strand contacts the press rolls. This may be done, for example, by spraying the dye stuff through the strand. Similar results are achieved when the dye is applied to the rolls, the action of the rolls in the crimpbox serving to spread the dye through the strand.
  • the dyestuff may then be fixed to the fibre in the conventional methods: which employ heat, steam, etc.
  • FIGURE -1 is a front perspective View of the apparatus proper.
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-section along the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is a vertical cross-section through the apparatus of FIGURES 1 and 2. taken about mid-Way in the rollers.
  • FIGURE 4 is a diagrammatic view showing the approximate nature of the running length of unwoven fibre as it passes through the apparatus.
  • FIG. 5 'FIGURES 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are cross-sections along the lines 5-5, 66', 77, 8--8, and 99 of FIGURE 4.
  • and 17 are a pair of crimp rolls arranged to rotate on parallel shafts 15a and 17a respectively and extending from the frame A.
  • the rolls 15 and 17 are positioned so that their peripheral surfaces 15b and 1712 respectively form between them a nip N through which the textile material is passed.
  • a strand condenser 21 is adapted to receive a running length S of unwoven textile fiber i.e. a strand, for example a sliver and to lead it into the nip N.
  • a crimp box 23 is arranged beneath the crimp rolls 15 and 17 and in a position to receive the strand forced from the delivery side of the nip N.
  • the crimp box 23 is provided with a gate 25 hinged to the body 23 and under pressure effective to deter the passage of the strand. The amount of pressure is adjusted by a knob 24 through the shaft 24a.
  • the strand is thus backed up in a well-known manner, forcing it against the rotating peripheral surfaces 15b and 17b causing it to wipe the rolls and at the same time putting a crimp in the strand before it is allowed to emerge from the gate.
  • Felt pads 31 and 33 respectively are held on spring brackets 35 and 37 to bear against the peripheral surfaces 15a and 17a respectively.
  • Pipes "41 and 43 lead from the source of supply of liquid dye, for example, from a pump and a reservoir.
  • the pipes 41 and 43 have outlets 41a and 43a just above the pads 31 and 33 respectively.
  • the strand S is fed from a source of supply, for example a can, to the strand condenser 21 into the nip N of the rolls 15 and 17 which are rotated clockwise and counter-clockwise respectively so as to draw the strand into the nip N and force it into the crimp box 23.
  • a sthe strand is being continuously passed into the condenser 21, between the nip N into the crimp box 23 and past the crimp gate 25, dye is fed at a metered rate through the pipes 41 and 43 so as to supply dye at a known and constant rate to the felt pads 31 and 33 and thence to the peripheral surfaces 150 and 17a of the crimp rolls.
  • the amount of dye which is fed is at the most not greater than the amount which can be taken up by the strand. In other words, there is no excess.
  • the amount of dye is adjusted to be just that amount which it is desired to retain in the strand. This is possible because the entire amount of dye fed is taken up by the strand because of the particular manner of its contact with the dye. That is to say, the strand is backed up against the surfaces 15a and 17a of the crimp rolls by the action of the crimp gate and the strand wipes the surfaces of these rolls continually assuring the com plete transfer of dye from the rolls to the strand. At the same time, the strand is crimped by the action of the crimp gate. The speed of feed of the dye, the speed of rotation of the rolls, and the pressure of the gate are all adjusted to achieve the desired end.
  • the crimper rolls may operate at a speed at least fast enough that the dye will not flow 'faster than the rollers are moving, to a maximum speed where the centrifugal force is not suflicient to fling the dye from the rollers.
  • the maximum amount of dye-stuff which the strand is able to absorb is about 25% in the case of polyesters, about 60% in the case of wool. For acrylics this will be about 35% and for cotton about 45%, from about 10 to about 600 feet per minute surface speed with a preferred speed being in the neighbourhood of 350 feet per minute.
  • the range of pressure on the press rolls may run from five pounds to fifteen hundred pounds of loading between crimper rolls. This will handle all types of fiber and will apply from about 8 to about crimps per inch,
  • the force applied in a normal direction to the crimp box gate may range from about five pounds to about two hundred pounds, about fifty pounds being a preferred figure for most average processing.
  • the range of percentage of dye-stuff in the liquor will, under normal circumstances, be from about /2 to about 20% by weight, for example, 6% or 6 grams per milliliters of solution will yield medium to dark shades of a colour.
  • the percent of liquor by weight applied to a strand will vary from about /2% to about 60%. An excess of over 60% will in most cases cause drip from the strand thus defeating the purpose of the consistent application as possible by the invention.
  • Example I 100% DYEING Orlon 42 tow of 58,750 denier (where denier represents the number of grams per 9000 meters) and containing fibens of 3 denier per filament was dyed by passing through equipment of the type described above and of the dimensions given below, under the following conditions:
  • Crimper troll pressure 500 lbs.
  • Crimper roll width Crimp box width
  • Crimp box depth (same as roll width).
  • Crimp box length from nip..- 5 /2”.
  • Spring force on crimp box gate lbs.
  • Crimper productivity 327 gnrs/min.
  • Dye liquor flow rate 35 gms./min. per
  • the dye liquor was composed of the following components in grams per 100 milliliters of aqueous solution:
  • the coloured tow so produced was in a condition suitable for any of the textile processes such as stapling, cutting, etc.
  • the dye liquor was well dispersed and kept in agitation during pumping.
  • the liquor was metered to a nozzle above each pressure roll and the liquor fell onto a felt wick located on each roll.
  • the purpose of the felt wick which was the same width as the roll and centered on the roll, was to cause the liquor to be dispersed across the width of the roll to guarantee complete dyeing of the tow being processed.
  • the crimper which was used was the same as that used in the 100% dyeing example. Further details on the processing were as follows:
  • Dye liquor flow rate do- 14.8 Percent liquor applied on wt. of goods
  • the dye liquor contained the following components in grams per 100 milliliters of aqueous solution:
  • Example III OVERDYEING TWO COLOURS A wool strand of 64s quality and weighing 195 grains/yd. had been previously dyed to a yellow shade. It was desired to have a sliver containing yellow, green, brown and orange fibers which would result in a brown mix when intimately drafted and blended in subsequent processing. The colouring process was carried out by passing the sliver through the equipment of the applicants invention with settings similar to the case of 100% dyeing but with the following exceptions:
  • the red dye liquor was composed of the following components in gms./ millilitres of aqueous solution:
  • the types of fibers that can be dyed by the process of the invention include synthetic fibers like cellulose acetate, acrylic, azlon, nylon, nytril, polyesters, rayon, saran, vinal and natural fibers for example, cotton, linen, fur, silk and wool, monacrylics, and vinyon.
  • synthetic fibers like cellulose acetate, acrylic, azlon, nylon, nytril, polyesters, rayon, saran, vinal and natural fibers for example, cotton, linen, fur, silk and wool, monacrylics, and vinyon.
  • the forms of the material that can be dyed by the process of the invention are sliver, top, roving, slubbiug, yarn, warp and tow.
  • a continuous method of dyeing a running length of unwoven fiber comprising, passing the running length into the nip between the converging surfaces of press rolls moving at a constant linear speed, confining the material leaving the nip under resilient pressure thereby crimping it and causing it to Wipe the diverging compressing surfaces of the press rolls subsequent to the nip, continuously applying liquid dye to the converging surfaces prior to their point of contact with the running length in an amount 'absorbable by the running length, the speed of the rolls, the amount of resilient pressure and the speed of feed of the dye being coordinated and constant whereby there is continuous complete removal of dye from the roll surfaces and absorption by the running length.
  • a method of dyeing a running length of unwoven fibre comprising passing the material to be dyed between converging then diverging compression surfaces of constant linear speed, continuously applying dye on the surfaces prior to contact with the material and thence crimping the material against the said diverging compression surfaces to assure the complete removal and absorption of the dye.
  • a method of dyeing a running length of unwoven fibre comprising passing the material to be dyed between converging then diverging compression surfaces of constant linear speed on which a plurality of dyes have been applied and thence crimping the material against the diverging compression surfaces to :assure complete removal and absorption of dye.
  • a method of dyeing a running length of unwoven fibre comprising passing the material to be dyed between converging then diverging compression surfaces of constant linear speed which have been grooved and mated in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the compression surfaces and in the grooves of which a dye is constantly applied and crimping the material against the diverging compression surfaces to assure the complete removal and absorption of dye.
  • An apparatus for applying dye to strands of textile material comprising, a pair of smooth-surfaced crimp rolls arranged to rotate on parallel axes whereby their peripheral surfaces form therebetween a nip through which the strand is passed, a crimp box related to the rolls at the delivery side of the hip in such a. manner as to receive the strand from the rolls and to subject it to crimping pressure, a pad held to ride on the surface of each roll to disperse the dye across the width of the roll at a position prior to the nip, a condenser for the strand arranged in advance of the nip to deliver the material to the nip, and means for supplying metered amounts of dye in liquid form to the pads.
  • a method of dyeing comprising, continuously passing a running length of unwoven fiber between converging, then diverging compression surfaces of constant linear speed, continuously applying dye to the surfaces prior to contact with the material, crimping the material against the diverging compression surfaces to ensure complete removal of the dye from the surfaces and its absorption by 7 the material, and subsequently treating the dyed crimped material to fix the dye.
  • a method of dyeing comprising applying fluid dye to a continuous length of unwoven fiber whereby dye is absorbed therein, then substantially immediately passing said fiber continuously between converging then diverging compression surfaces of constant linear speed and crimping the length of said fiber against the diverging compression surfaces, and subsequently treating the dyed cr-imped fiber to fix the dye.
  • An apparatus for applying dye to strands of textile material comprising, a pair of smooth-surfaced crimp rolls arranged to rotate on parallel axes whereby their peripheral surfaces form therebetween a nip through which the strand is passed, a crimp box related to the rolls at the delivery side of the nip in such a manner as to receive the strand from the rolls and to subject it to crimping pressure, a pad held to ride on the surface of at least one roll to disperse the dye across the width of the roll at a position prior to the nip, a condenser for the strand arranged in advance of the nip 'to deliver the material to the nip, and means for supplying metered amounts of dye in liquid form to the pad.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
US82297A 1961-01-12 1961-01-12 Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver Expired - Lifetime US3093867A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL273433D NL273433A (is") 1961-01-12
US82297A US3093867A (en) 1961-01-12 1961-01-12 Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver
FR884636A FR1315283A (fr) 1961-01-12 1962-01-12 Procédé de teinture de fibres textiles sous forme de mèches et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre
CH37262A CH387581A (fr) 1961-01-12 1962-01-12 Procédé de teinture de fibres textiles non tissées en brin continu et fibres textiles teintes par ce procédé
CH1351662A CH391635A (fr) 1961-01-12 1962-01-12 Appareil pour la teinture d'un brin continu de fibres textiles non tissées
GB1269/62A GB934015A (en) 1961-01-12 1962-01-12 Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver
LU41087D LU41087A1 (is") 1961-01-12 1962-01-12

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US82297A US3093867A (en) 1961-01-12 1961-01-12 Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver

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US3093867A true US3093867A (en) 1963-06-18

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US82297A Expired - Lifetime US3093867A (en) 1961-01-12 1961-01-12 Process and apparatus for dyeing sliver

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US (1) US3093867A (is")
CH (2) CH391635A (is")
FR (1) FR1315283A (is")
GB (1) GB934015A (is")
LU (1) LU41087A1 (is")
NL (1) NL273433A (is")

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373470A (en) * 1961-02-08 1968-03-19 Rhodiaceta Process for crimping yarn
US3406436A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-10-22 Allied Chem Crimping process
US3600776A (en) * 1968-11-29 1971-08-24 Teijin Ltd Stuffer crimper
US3644969A (en) * 1966-06-28 1972-02-29 Rhodiaceta Process for producing yarns showing novel varying color effects
US3680181A (en) * 1970-04-01 1972-08-01 Akzona Inc Stuffer crimping apparatus
US3895495A (en) * 1973-01-23 1975-07-22 Shigeru Akazaki Pleasure boat for observation in the sea
US4013406A (en) * 1974-01-16 1977-03-22 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for continuously dyeing filaments of slivers of wet-spun acrylonitrile polymers
US4025302A (en) * 1973-09-13 1977-05-24 Pavena Ag Method of producing a dyed and stabilized non-twisted fiber sliver and a fiber sliver with mutually bonded fibers
US4357189A (en) * 1980-08-18 1982-11-02 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Through-color printing
AT503433B1 (de) * 2006-07-28 2007-10-15 Peter Zimmer Keg Einrichtung zum aufbringen von farbmustern

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2115218A (en) * 1933-12-20 1938-04-26 Hughes L Siever Fiber treatment
US2311174A (en) * 1940-12-06 1943-02-16 Du Pont Textile crinkler
US2715309A (en) * 1950-05-31 1955-08-16 Rosenstein Nathan Synthetic continuous filament yarn in the continuous filament yarn state
US2867005A (en) * 1953-06-11 1959-01-06 Pacific Mills Method and apparatus for continuous production of liquid treated crimped textile fibers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2115218A (en) * 1933-12-20 1938-04-26 Hughes L Siever Fiber treatment
US2311174A (en) * 1940-12-06 1943-02-16 Du Pont Textile crinkler
US2715309A (en) * 1950-05-31 1955-08-16 Rosenstein Nathan Synthetic continuous filament yarn in the continuous filament yarn state
US2867005A (en) * 1953-06-11 1959-01-06 Pacific Mills Method and apparatus for continuous production of liquid treated crimped textile fibers

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3373470A (en) * 1961-02-08 1968-03-19 Rhodiaceta Process for crimping yarn
US3406436A (en) * 1965-11-30 1968-10-22 Allied Chem Crimping process
US3644969A (en) * 1966-06-28 1972-02-29 Rhodiaceta Process for producing yarns showing novel varying color effects
US3600776A (en) * 1968-11-29 1971-08-24 Teijin Ltd Stuffer crimper
US3680181A (en) * 1970-04-01 1972-08-01 Akzona Inc Stuffer crimping apparatus
US3895495A (en) * 1973-01-23 1975-07-22 Shigeru Akazaki Pleasure boat for observation in the sea
US4025302A (en) * 1973-09-13 1977-05-24 Pavena Ag Method of producing a dyed and stabilized non-twisted fiber sliver and a fiber sliver with mutually bonded fibers
US4013406A (en) * 1974-01-16 1977-03-22 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for continuously dyeing filaments of slivers of wet-spun acrylonitrile polymers
US4357189A (en) * 1980-08-18 1982-11-02 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Through-color printing
AT503433B1 (de) * 2006-07-28 2007-10-15 Peter Zimmer Keg Einrichtung zum aufbringen von farbmustern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1315283A (fr) 1963-01-18
NL273433A (is")
GB934015A (en) 1963-08-14
CH391635A (fr) 1965-05-15
CH37262A4 (is") 1964-10-31
LU41087A1 (is") 1962-03-30
CH387581A (fr) 1965-05-15

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