US3092559A - Gold plating - Google Patents
Gold plating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3092559A US3092559A US106541A US10654161A US3092559A US 3092559 A US3092559 A US 3092559A US 106541 A US106541 A US 106541A US 10654161 A US10654161 A US 10654161A US 3092559 A US3092559 A US 3092559A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gold
- cyanide
- silver
- bath
- potassium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 28
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title description 28
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 28
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold(3+);tricyanide Chemical compound [Au+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- IHEDBVUTTQXGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-[bis(2-oxidoethyl)amino]ethanolate;titanium(4+);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Ti+4].[O-]CCN(CC[O-])CC[O-] IHEDBVUTTQXGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HKSGQTYSSZOJOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium argentocyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Ag+].N#[C-].N#[C-] HKSGQTYSSZOJOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;gold(1+);dicyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Au+].N#[C-].N#[C-] XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940065287 selenium compound Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000003343 selenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Au] PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGJDXUIYIUGQGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(O)=O QGJDXUIYIUGQGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RLULIUSIDLLCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylcarbamothioylsulfanylselanyl n,n-diethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=S)S[Se]SC(=S)N(CC)CC RLULIUSIDLLCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116901 diethyldithiocarbamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(S)=S LMBWSYZSUOEYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- MJEMIOXXNCZZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylone Chemical group CCNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 MJEMIOXXNCZZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZLAVFWQHMDDGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold(1+);cyanide Chemical compound [Au+].N#[C-] IZLAVFWQHMDDGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver cyanide Chemical compound [Ag+].N#[C-] LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940098221 silver cyanide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-N sorbic acid group Chemical group C(\C=C\C=C\C)(=O)O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-MQQKCMAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010938 white gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000832 white gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/62—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of gold
Definitions
- composition and process for obtaining bright deposits of about 14 to about 23.5 carat gold with improved color is to provide a composition and process for obtaining bright deposits of about 14 to about 23.5 carat gold with improved color.
- This invention is based on the discovery that the addi tion of a small amount of an alkali soluble titanium compound to an alkali cyanide gold plating bath containing silver not only leads to an extended bright range and more brilliant deposits, but the addition of this addition agent also leads to deposits less green in color than those obtained from baths containing larger quantities of silver than as described under said US.
- Reissue Patent No. 24,582. Exceptionally brilliant gold-silver alloy deposits are obtained when the titanium compound is added in conjunction with a small amount of an alkali-soluble selenium compound.
- This invention is carried out most advantageously by employing a typical cyanide gold plating solution containing 4-32 g./l. of gold, 10 to 200 grams per liter of alkali cyanide, and 0.1 to 12 g./l. of potassium silver cyanide.
- the prefer-red composition and limiting concentrations are shown in Table 1 (below) from which it is obvious that a wide range for each constituent is possible.
- the ratio of silver to gold in the deposit will vary considerably dependent upon the AuzAg ratio in the bath, but wide variations can be accomplished by manipulation of the brightener content due to varying effects upon the polarization curves for gold and silver. Most striking is the development of low carat deposits going from gold to white with little evidence of the green color common to low-carat, gold-silver alloys.
- any titanium compound soluble in the bath may be employed, but particularly satisfactory results have been obtained by adding titanium coordination compounds having at least one ligand selected from the class consisting of polyols and alkanolamines, since these compounds are unusually stable for titanium salts in aqueous solution.
- the aminoalcohol titanates which may be employed in the practice of the present invention include the titanate esters of aminoalcohols which have the formula,
- R is selected from the group consisting of ethylone and alkyl substituted ethylene radicals and R and R" are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl hydrocarbon groups, B-amino-alkyl and B-hydroxy alkyl "ice radicals.
- These aminoa-lcohol esters are stabilized in solution by the addition to said ester of a compound selected from the group consisting of inositol, sucrose and the more or less related saturated and/ or unsaturated straight chain aliphatic alcohols and monocarboxylic acid derivatives thereof containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms and 3 to 6 hydroxy groups such as gluconic, sorbic, aconitic, glucoheptonie acids and the alkali salts thereof.
- the mechanism of the stabilization may involve the formation of a coordination compound between the aminoalcohol titanates and the polyhydroxy compounds.
- the exact structure is not known, but in general the greater the number of hydroxy groups, the more efilective is the compound as a stabilizer.
- Aminoalcohol titanates per se, are disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,894,966 but the following Examples A-C illustrate specific methods of producing such titanium compounds.
- a suitable stabilized ethanolamine titanate may be prepared by adding 1 mole of ethanolamine to mole of isopropyl titanate. The solution will become warm, then mole of sorbitol hemihydrate in 100 ml. of water is added and the mixture is heated to drive oil. the isopropyl alcohol after which the stabilized ethanolamine titanate is taken up in 250 ml. of water. The aqueous solution serves as the addition agent for the gold bath.
- EXAMPLE B The triethanolamine titanate was prepared by the same process as set forth in Example A by substituting 1 mol of triethanolamine for the ethanolamine.
- EXAMPLE C The solution of titanates of Examples A or B may also be stabilized by substituting or" a mol of inositol, sodium gluconate, sodium glucoheptonate, or similar polyliydroxy compound for the sorbit-ol.
- the gold bath normally is made up with potassium salts according to Table I, but sodium salts may be substituted in which case somewhat less brilliancy may be expected.
- EXAMPLE 1 A bath containing 4 g./l. of gold as KAu(CN) 0.04 g./l. of silver as KAg(CN) 0.05 g./l. of titanium as stabilized triethanolamine titanate and 10 g./l. of free potassium cyanide gave bright, yellowish gold deposits on a 2.5 x 10 cm. brass panel plated at .2 ampere/dmP'.
- EXAMPLE 2 A gold plating solution containing 8 g./l. of gold (as potassium gold cyanide), 3 g./l. of silver (as potassium silver cyanide), g./l. of potassium cyanide, 0.1 g./l. of titanium (as the ethanolamine titanate of Example A) and 0.1 g./l. of selenium diethyldithio-carbamate.
- posits were obtained on 2.5 x 10 cm. panels which were bright at 0.4, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 amperes/dmF.
- EXAMPLE 3 A bath was made up containing 8 g./l. of gold added as potassium gold cyanide, 4 gl/l. of silver, added as potassium silver cyanide, 90 g./l. of potassium cyanide and carbon-treated with 1 g./lite-r of carbon. At 0.6, 0.8 and 1.2 amperes/dm. the deposit was hazy. The 0.1 g./'l. of titanium as triethanolamine titanate of Example B and 0.1 g./l. of selenium as sodium selenite was added. The deposit became brilliant at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.2 amperes/dmf EXAMPLE 4 A bath was made up containing 8 g./l.
- Example 3 the deposits were hazy at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.2 amperes/dmf".
- EXAMPLE 5 A gold plating solution was prepared as for Examples 2 and 3. A characteristic haxy golden deposit was brightened considerably by as little as 0.05 g./l. of stabilized triethanolamine titanate and became brilliant when 0.1 g./l. of selenium diethyldithi-o-carbamate was also added.
- An aqueous alkali cyanide gold plating bath containing about 4 to 32 g./l. of gold, about 0.04 to 12 g./l. of silver, about 10 to 200 g./l. of alkali cyanide and about 0.05 to 5 g./l. of a water-soluble titanium compound.
- An aqueous alkali cyanide gold plating bath containing about 4 to 32 g./-l. of gold, about 0.04 to 12 g./l. of silver, about 10 to 200 g./l. of alkali cyanide, about 0.05 to 5 g./l. of stabilized amin'oaloohol titanium compound and about 0:03 to 3 g./l. of a bath-soluble selenium compound.
- a process of producing a bright gold alloy which comprises electrodepositing a gold-silver alloy of about 23.5 to about 14-ca1'at from an aqueous solution containing from about 4 to 32 g./l. of gold added as alkali gold cyanide, about 0.4 to 12. g./l. of silver added as alkali silver cyanide, about 10 10,200 g./l. of free alkali cyanide and about 0.05 to 5 g./l. of a soluble titanium compound.
- a process according to claim 6 comprising adding to said bath, in addition, 0.03 to 3 g./l. of selenium.
- a process according to claim 8 wherein the titanium compound is t-riethanolamine titanate and the selenium compound is diethyldithio-carbamate.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL277803D NL277803A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1961-05-01 | ||
| US106541A US3092559A (en) | 1961-05-01 | 1961-05-01 | Gold plating |
| CH19962A CH410576A (fr) | 1961-05-01 | 1962-01-09 | Procédé de placage or et bain de placage pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
| GB3952/62A GB929220A (en) | 1961-05-01 | 1962-02-01 | Gold plating |
| DES78269A DE1213196B (de) | 1961-05-01 | 1962-03-01 | Bad zum galvanischen Abscheiden glaenzender 14 bis 23, 5 karaetiger Gold-Silberueberzuege |
| FR890567A FR1324419A (fr) | 1961-05-01 | 1962-03-09 | Procédé de placage or et bain de placage pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
| ES275734A ES275734A1 (es) | 1961-05-01 | 1962-03-23 | Procedimiento de obtención de una aleación de oro brillante |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US106541A US3092559A (en) | 1961-05-01 | 1961-05-01 | Gold plating |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3092559A true US3092559A (en) | 1963-06-04 |
Family
ID=22311976
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US106541A Expired - Lifetime US3092559A (en) | 1961-05-01 | 1961-05-01 | Gold plating |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3092559A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CH (1) | CH410576A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE1213196B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ES (1) | ES275734A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB929220A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL277803A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3427231A (en) * | 1965-07-21 | 1969-02-11 | Litton Systems Inc | Method of electroplating and electroforming gold in an ultrasonic field |
| US3533923A (en) * | 1966-01-12 | 1970-10-13 | Technic | Gold and gold alloy plating solutions |
| FR2181455A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1972-04-25 | 1973-12-07 | Parker Ste Continentale | |
| US4121982A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1978-10-24 | American Chemical & Refining Company Incorporated | Gold alloy plating bath and method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3309397A1 (de) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-20 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Elektrolytisches bad zum abscheiden von niederkaraetigen, glaenzenden gold-silber-legierungsueberzuegen |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1731212A (en) * | 1926-06-10 | 1929-10-08 | Gen Plate Co | Gold alloy |
| USRE24582E (en) * | 1958-12-23 | Method and electrolyte for |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB759181A (en) * | 1953-04-01 | 1956-10-17 | Sel Rex Precious Metals Inc | Improvements in or relating to a process for electrodepositing gold and a composition of matter for use therewith |
-
0
- NL NL277803D patent/NL277803A/xx unknown
-
1961
- 1961-05-01 US US106541A patent/US3092559A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1962
- 1962-01-09 CH CH19962A patent/CH410576A/fr unknown
- 1962-02-01 GB GB3952/62A patent/GB929220A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-03-01 DE DES78269A patent/DE1213196B/de active Pending
- 1962-03-23 ES ES275734A patent/ES275734A1/es not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE24582E (en) * | 1958-12-23 | Method and electrolyte for | ||
| US1731212A (en) * | 1926-06-10 | 1929-10-08 | Gen Plate Co | Gold alloy |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3427231A (en) * | 1965-07-21 | 1969-02-11 | Litton Systems Inc | Method of electroplating and electroforming gold in an ultrasonic field |
| US3533923A (en) * | 1966-01-12 | 1970-10-13 | Technic | Gold and gold alloy plating solutions |
| FR2181455A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1972-04-25 | 1973-12-07 | Parker Ste Continentale | |
| US4121982A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1978-10-24 | American Chemical & Refining Company Incorporated | Gold alloy plating bath and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL277803A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | |
| CH410576A (fr) | 1966-03-31 |
| ES275734A1 (es) | 1962-05-16 |
| DE1213196B (de) | 1966-03-24 |
| GB929220A (en) | 1963-06-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL FINISHING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003967/0084 Effective date: 19741220 |
|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP. Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004075/0885 Effective date: 19801222 |
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| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:HOOKER CHEMICAS & PLASTICS CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004126/0054 Effective date: 19820330 |