US3091552A - Process for increasing the resistance of polyacrylonitrile fibers to discoloration - Google Patents
Process for increasing the resistance of polyacrylonitrile fibers to discoloration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3091552A US3091552A US106181A US10618161A US3091552A US 3091552 A US3091552 A US 3091552A US 106181 A US106181 A US 106181A US 10618161 A US10618161 A US 10618161A US 3091552 A US3091552 A US 3091552A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- discoloration
- increasing
- resistance
- polyacrylonitrile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYYXDZDBXNUPOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole-2,6-diamine;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1C(N)CCC2=C1SC(N)=N2 RYYXDZDBXNUPOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium metabisulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004297 potassium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010263 potassium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamidine Chemical compound NC=N PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISXSFOPKZQZDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;sodium Chemical compound [Na].O=C ISXSFOPKZQZDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYGBQXDNOUHIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O=C.[O-]S[O-] VYGBQXDNOUHIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004289 sodium hydrogen sulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUIVKWAWICCWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;formaldehyde;hydrogen sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].O=C.OS([O-])=O XUIVKWAWICCWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/06—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/38—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
Definitions
- This invention concerns the treating of artificial fibres of polyacrylonitrile to render them more stable to discoloration.
- fibres we include continuous filaments as well as staple fibre.
- polyacrylonitrile we mean homopolymers of acrylonitrile and copolymers containing at least 80 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
- Polyacrylonitrile fibres exhibit a tendency to discolour which may display itself when the fibres are subjected to heating, for example during drying or hot-stretching of the fibres, or during steaming.
- Various suggestions have been made for modifying the polyacrylonitn'le solution which is spun to form the fibres, in order to improve the colour of the freshly-spun fibres.
- a treatment he made available, which can be applied to the fibres after spinning, for improving the colour stability of spun fibres of poor stability. It is an object of this invention to provide such a treatment.
- a process for treating artificial fibres of polyacrylonitrile to render them more resistant to heat-discoloration and/ or steam discoloration comprises applying to the surface of the fibres, before they have been first dried, an aqueous solution or suspension of a reducing agent which does not have any adverse efiect on the fibres.
- a reducing agent which may he used are thiourea dioxide (also known as formamidine sulphinic acid), sodium and potassium metabisulphite, formaldehyde and addition compounds of formaldehyde with compounds which do not themselves adversely affect the fibres.
- formaldehyde addition compounds which may be used include that with sodium bisulphite, while sodium formaldehyde sul-phoxylate is unsuitable because of the deleterious effect of the second component.
- Formaldehyde may also be used in the form of its polymer paraformaldehyde.
- the application of the solution or suspension of reducing agent to the fibres may advantageously be carried out by passing a continuously moving bundle of filaments through a bath of the agent at a stage in the fibre production-line which precedes the drier.
- the treatment according to this invention may be combined with other treatments such as the application of a finish to the fibres.
- the solution or suspension of reducing agent may contain between 0.1 percent and 10 percent of reducing agent by weight, preferably less than 5 percent. Solutions containing of the order of 0.5 to 2. percent of reducing agent by weight have proved particularly useful.
- the treatment according to this invention may be carried out using a solution or suspension which is at room temperature or at an elevated temperature. If the treatment is combined with any other treatment of the fibres which makes elevated temperatures necessary or desirable, such temperatures may be used without objection.
- Example 1 Undried polyacrylonitrile filaments spun from a solution in sodium thiocyanate solution were immersed for "ice 2 seconds at 20 C. in a solution of sodium formaldehyde bisulphite prepared from 6 g. of a 40 percent solution of formaldehyde, 6 g. of sodium metabisulphite and 350 cc. of water. They were then dried at C.
- Treated and untreated fibres were compared (a) after steaming for half an hour under a steam pressure of 20 psi. and '(b) after heating in air at 150 C. for 30 minutes. In each case the treated fibre showed less discoloration than the untreated fibre, to an extent readily detectable by the unaided eye.
- fibre colour where given has been determined as fibre yellowness (Y) from the equation RB G where R, B and G are the reflectance ratios in red, blue and green respectively, as measured on a Colormaster diiferential colorimeter.
- Example 2 Undried polyacrylonitrile filaments were treated by immersion for 5 seconds in a bath consisting of 5 g. of paraformal dehyde suspended in cc. of Water. The fibres were then dried at 80 C.
- the treated fibres After steaming for half an hour at 20 psi. the treated fibres showed a colour of 0.082, compared with 0.180 for steamed untreated fibres.
- Example 4 Undried polyacrylonitrile filaments were immersed for 30 seconds at room temperature in filtered aqueous solutions of thiourea dioxide at pH 5.4, after which excess liquor was squeezed out by rollers and the fibres were dried for 2 hours at 80 C. Untreated fibres and fibres treated in solutions of varying concentration were subjected either to heating at C. for 30 minutes or to steaming for 30 minutes at 10 p.s.i. The following table gives the fibre colour of the various samples:
- treatment according to the invention has the efiect of improving the colour of the fibres after heating to higher temperatures or steaming, and in some cases improves the fibre colour of the dried fibre.
- a process for increasing the resistance of polyacrylonitrile fibres to discoloration comprising applying to the never-dried fibres in an aqueous medium a reducing agent which has no adverse effect on the fibre.
- a process for increasing the resistance of polyacrylonitrile fibres to discoloration comprising immersing the never-dried fibres in an aqueous bath containing compounds with formaldehyde of a compound which 0.5 percent to 2 percent of sodium formaldehyde bisulhas no adverse effect on the fibres. phite. 4.
- the aqueous A Process fOT increasing the resistance of P 3 medium contains 0.1 to 10 percent of the reducing agent.
- acrylonitrile fibres to discoloration comprising applying 5 to the never-dried fibres, in an aqueous medium, a re- References Cited in the file of this patent ducing agent selected from the group consisting of sodi- UNITED STATES PATENTS um metabisulphite, potassium metabisulphite, thiourea dioxide, formaldehyde, parafonmaldehyde and addition 2,768,995 Mosse 1956
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB16078/60A GB900911A (en) | 1960-05-06 | 1960-05-06 | Process for treating artificial fibres |
GB3108360 | 1960-09-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3091552A true US3091552A (en) | 1963-05-28 |
Family
ID=26251776
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US106181A Expired - Lifetime US3091552A (en) | 1960-05-06 | 1961-04-28 | Process for increasing the resistance of polyacrylonitrile fibers to discoloration |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3091552A (pl) |
BE (1) | BE603404A (pl) |
ES (1) | ES267142A1 (pl) |
GB (1) | GB900911A (pl) |
NL (3) | NL6812171A (pl) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3410647A (en) * | 1961-08-30 | 1968-11-12 | Monsanto Co | Treatment of gelled, swollen polyacrylonitrile type fibers with zinc sulfoxylate formaldehyde, zinc hydrosulfoxylate formaldehyde or zinc hydrosulfite |
US3664952A (en) * | 1967-04-03 | 1972-05-23 | American Cyanamid Co | Aqueous textile softening composition |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2768995A (en) * | 1951-02-19 | 1956-10-30 | Crylor Paris | Process for treating acrylonitrile polymers with aqueous formaldehyde |
-
0
- BE BE603404D patent/BE603404A/xx unknown
- NL NL126278D patent/NL126278C/xx active
- NL NL264237D patent/NL264237A/xx unknown
-
1960
- 1960-05-06 GB GB16078/60A patent/GB900911A/en not_active Expired
-
1961
- 1961-04-28 US US106181A patent/US3091552A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1961-05-04 ES ES0267142A patent/ES267142A1/es not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-08-27 NL NL6812171A patent/NL6812171A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2768995A (en) * | 1951-02-19 | 1956-10-30 | Crylor Paris | Process for treating acrylonitrile polymers with aqueous formaldehyde |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3410647A (en) * | 1961-08-30 | 1968-11-12 | Monsanto Co | Treatment of gelled, swollen polyacrylonitrile type fibers with zinc sulfoxylate formaldehyde, zinc hydrosulfoxylate formaldehyde or zinc hydrosulfite |
US3664952A (en) * | 1967-04-03 | 1972-05-23 | American Cyanamid Co | Aqueous textile softening composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE603404A (pl) | |
NL6812171A (pl) | 1968-10-25 |
GB900911A (en) | 1962-07-11 |
ES267142A1 (es) | 1961-11-01 |
NL264237A (pl) | |
NL126278C (pl) |
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