US3079663A - Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3079663A
US3079663A US736900A US73690058A US3079663A US 3079663 A US3079663 A US 3079663A US 736900 A US736900 A US 736900A US 73690058 A US73690058 A US 73690058A US 3079663 A US3079663 A US 3079663A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tow
jet
rolls
air
filaments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US736900A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard F Dyer
Gallagher Paul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL239385D priority Critical patent/NL239385A/xx
Priority to GB918598D priority patent/GB918598A/en
Priority to NL113839D priority patent/NL113839C/xx
Priority to US736900A priority patent/US3079663A/en
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to ES0249365A priority patent/ES249365A1/es
Priority to DE1959E0017650 priority patent/DE1188998C2/de
Priority to FR795127A priority patent/FR1226046A/fr
Priority to CH356705D priority patent/CH356705A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3079663A publication Critical patent/US3079663A/en
Priority to MY196412A priority patent/MY6400012A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/161—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam yarn crimping air jets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0229—Filter rod forming processes
    • A24D3/0233—Filter rod forming processes by means of a garniture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of tobacco smoke filters suitable for cigarettes, pipes, and cigarette
  • this invention is concerned with an apparatus and process for treating a continuous filament crimped tow to substantially increase the filtration efiiciency thereof for the removal of nicotine, tars and aerosol particles from the tobacco smoke while at the same time elfecting a reduction in weight of filter material required and materially improving the processing of the tow into filter plugs.
  • One object of this invention is to provide an apparatus and means for processing a continuous filament crimped tow into a filter plug having a randomized filament arrangement, said filaments retaining a high .degree of their original crimp so that a filter may be obtained which has an eificiency that is relatively high to the weight of the filter material. Another object is to obtain a well opened up tow suitable for filters without substantially impairing the strength or the degree of crimp in the individual filaments.
  • a particular object is to provide a simple and efiective apparatus arrangement for converting a dense continuous filament crimped tow into a well opened up filter tow readily susceptible to treatment with plasticizer and the like.
  • Still another object is to make a filter from continuous filament crimped tow, which filter for a specific filament size and resistance to air flow, is more efiicient in removing tars and nicotine than prior art filament filters.
  • a still further object is to utilize tows which have a higher crimp than heretofore tolerated with the prior art processes used in making filters from such tow.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the processing of the continuous filament tow into a filter plug for tobacco smoke filters.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall apparatus arrangement of apparatus which would be used in carrying out the process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the finding jet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a part semi-diagrammatic front end view of the jet shown in H6. 3.
  • one object of the tow conditioning of filter tow is to convert the densely packed crimped tow from the supply package into a relatively fiufiy resilient flat sheet of filaments which are in a randomized state, then to establish an adhesive condition on the filaments by suitto 50 p.s.i. gauge. .high velocity gas how is produced which is evenly disjet and the rolls 6. the exit zone of the jet the filaments can thus be violentbly 7 described above.
  • tow feed No. 1 may be at the rate of 50 y.p.m.
  • tow feed No. 2 at the rate of 49 y.p.m.
  • tow .feedNo 3 at the rate of 48 y.p.m.
  • the ifilamen-ts are given a strong thrust by the air flow such that tension is generated in the tow between the rolls 4and the jet 5.
  • the tow then passes to roll pair 6 which is driven 'atsnch a speed relative to roll pair 4 as to allow the tow to'be in arelaxed state between-the In this area and particularly in 1y agitated and vibrated such that each filament is separated from the other and the crimp knees assume completely random position relative to each other.
  • This cycle of blooming or debundlizing is then repeated with roll pairs 6 and 9 and jet 7.
  • tension is again present between rolls 6 and jet 7 due to the in- :tiuence of the high velocity jet air on the tow.
  • Roll pair 9 however is driven at a speed relative to roll pair 4S so that betweenjet 7 and rolls 9 therevis substantially no tension other than that required to prevent excessive sag in the tow.
  • spray booth 8 which applies plasticizer or other material to the tow. Since the tow is relaxed and the filaments wellseparated at this point excellent distribution and even application of the plasticizer or the like on each filament is possible.
  • a common drive motorll drivesall the individual rolls and the cigarette machine 10 by chain, cog belt or other positive drive means.
  • variable speed transmissions 12 and 13 Interposed between the motor 11 and roll pairs '4 and 6 there are variable speed transmissions 12 and 13 such that the relative speeds of roll ;pairs 4, 6 and9' can be adjusted to establish the desired degree of relaxation in each blooming stage.
  • roll pair 4 and blooming jet 5 may be omitted with the tow passing directly from guide 3a to roll pair 6.
  • This arrangement may not bloom the 'tow as etiectivelyas the two-jet assem-
  • the one jet assembly of the present invention will process the tow better than prior art procedures. Thereare other'alternatives.
  • Another alternative is to utilize one flufiing jet 7 and do some tension blooming between rolls 4 and 6 with or without the aid of a beater between the two sets of rolls. This method requires a larger tow to provide a specified filter efiiciency and firmness.
  • The-two nozzle plates 16 and 17 are assembled to venturi body plates Hand 14 respectively by cap screws as indicated at 25 and 26. These nozzle plates coact with each other to form a slot-like yarn entrance passage 27 which convengesat 28.
  • the nozzle plate 16 also co acts with venturi plate 15 to form a wedge-shaped chamber .29 which is in communication with the circular air chamber 20 via'slot passage 21. At the down stream side of this chamber 29 it converges at an angle of about fifteen degrees so that air passing through is accelerated to a high velocity at the transition between the venturi entrance 22and the venturi throat 23.
  • Nozzle plate 17 and venturi plate 14 coact in a similar manner. As apparent from FIG. 3 that although only slot 22, airchamber 20, etc. have been referred to specifically, that on the otherside of part17 there are comparable slots, chambers and the like. Hence, further description thereof appearsto be unnecessary.
  • the tow enters the jet through passageway 27 and atthe tipof the nozzle 2 8, it is subjected to the impingement-ofthe high velocity sheets of air emerging from the venturi entrances. It maybe observed from inspection of these'ctional v'iew shown in FIGURE 3 of the drawings that there is a low-included angle of incidence. Also the tow is subjected to the impingement "of two'thin intersecting fiat sheets of air emerging from "the passages tormed by the mating plates 15, 16 and 14, 17 so that there are two high velocity sheets of air In the throat 23 air and emer ing from the entrances.
  • tow are intermixed and parallelized in their direction of flow and the velocityeflect of the air generates a tension in' the tow'and a suction in'the nozzle entrance 27.
  • This suction is strong enough to make the jet self 'threading, i;e. it will suck the tow into the jet.
  • the air begins to lose velocity and expand. This action has the effect of exploding the tow and causing the filaments of the 'tow to diverge also, thus separating the filaments one from another. 'Also the filaments tend to vibrate muchin the manner of ribbons attached to the front of an electric fan. This :action further assists This will bloom the tow pressure spot.
  • divergence of the venturi should be from four to ten seven times the length.
  • the filaments Recalling that between the jet and the downstream feed roll the tow is allowed to relax and Contact, the filaments also move longitudinally relative to each other so that knees of crimp in adjaccnt filaments are thrown out of phase in a completely random manner. Thus as the tow emerges from the jet the filaments are completely rearranged relative to each other as compared with their relative positions on entering the area of high velocity gas flow.
  • FIG. 4 The principal purpose of FIG. 4 is to illustrate that the jet shown in FIG. 3 is not the usual round or cylindrical type of jet known in the prior art but is an elongated slot type of jet. In FIG. 4 the jet has been shown broken away on one corner to show the air chamber. The width of the jet may be, for example, 4-20 inches.
  • the air inlet pipe is shown at 20 as are the nozzle plate parts 16 and 17.
  • the opening indicated at 27 is the entrance passageway for the tow being fed to the jet.
  • PEG. 4 also shows parts 18 and 13:: which are the end plates.
  • An end plate is merely a metal plate bolted onto the side of the parts discussed in the description of FIG. 3 to provide an end closure for the jet. Also, the construction of the end plate is such that the spacing of the parts may be accomplished to the desired degree.
  • the length i the diverging portion 24 should be about four to ten times the length of the throat 23 and preferably about
  • the nozzle throat length 23 should be about three times its width.
  • the total area of the entrance slots as 22 should be about .10 times the area of the venturi throat. This latter ratio, however, is adjustable depending on the amount of suction or back pressure desired in the entrance nozzle 2. A low ratio tends to increase the suction while too high a ratio causes back pressure or blow back in the nozzle entrance 27.
  • the width of the jet is largely determined by the width to which it is desired to spread the tow.
  • the proportion of the area of the venturi throat to the denier of the tow is not unduly critical but values in the order of one square inch per 50,000 denier are esirable.
  • the included angle of the venturi throat entrance formed by plates 14 and 15 is preferably 90 but may vary from 4-5 to 135.
  • the manner in which the tow enters and leaves the jet can be arranged to improve the blooming. In general a straight line pass is less desirable. Bringing the tow in parallel to the jet axis and removing it at about a right angle produces improved results. Also about a right angle bend in the tow as it enters the jet and 21 second approximate right angle bend as it leaves with the tow either reversing its general direction of flow or ending up proceeding in the same direction are also bene- EXAMPLE I Filter rods were made by the air blooming process of this invention using a 54,000 denier tow containing approximately 20,300 filament-s having an average size of 2.6 denier.
  • filter rods were made by the prior art proce lures using a 72,000 denier tow containing approximately 27,700 filaments having an average size of 2.6 denier.
  • the physical characteristics and filtering eiiiciency of both rods are shown in the following table.
  • Filter rods were made by the air blooming process of the present invention using 5 d./f.70,000 denier tow. Filter rods were made by the prior art tensioning process using 5 d./f.-70,000 denier tow and also 5 d./f.- 80,000 denier tow. The comparative tests are tabulated below.
  • the tow was under no tension between jet 5 and roll "set 6 and between jet 7 and roll set 9.
  • the speed of the roll sets 4 and -6 in this case were equal with the .jet 5 being used to flex-the tow much in the manner of a spring, but this flexing-opened up the tow, randomized the filament arrangement and the locations of the crimp x-knees.
  • the roll speeds of the various rolls may be as follows: Input teed roll set '4, 200 y.p.-m.; rolls 4 to 6 speed ratio, 1.20/1 to .7/ 1; rolls 6 to 9speed'ratio, 1.20/1 to .8/ 1.0.
  • the total denier (T.D.) of the tow may vary bet-ween 15,000 to 100,000 and the denier per filament (D.F.')' may be .1 to 8. As pointed out above, this invention works well on highly crimped filaments.
  • the crimp in the tow would generally not be less than 7 crimps' per inch, and may be l7 or 18 per inch. In cer- --tain filaments the crimp may be higher, say up to per inch.
  • plasticizer glycerol triacetate weus'ed the plasticizer glycerol triacetate to the extent of 812% on the filaments
  • other plasticizers as dimethoxycthyl phthalate'or triethyl citrate may be used.
  • other materials such as dextrin or gum arabic in aqueouss'olution may be applied.
  • the term psi. gauge means pounds per square inch above atmospheric pressure as measured by any standard pressure recording instrument.
  • the tow is opened up and the crimp put out of registry; said air flow being distinctly in the direction of movement of the tow thereby advancing the tow, withdrawing the tow from the jet by further rolls at a speed such that'thetow is not put under tension, passing this withdrawn tow through a further jet where the tow is subjected to further air treatment,'then passing the'proc- 'essed tow through a spray booth and further rolls, said last-mentioned rolls also operating at a speed so that the tow is not put under tension and conducting the processed tow from the last-mentioned rolls to filter formation; and throughout the process avoiding tensions in the tow greater than those required to support and transport the tow.
  • tow through a high velocity slot venturi jet having a rectangular divergent exit section supplied with air including contacting the compact ribbon-like crimped tow with two intersecting fiat thin streams of high velocity air at a low angle of incidence, passing both the tow and air stream through a venturi throat to further accelerate the air velocity, then causing the air to expand and lose velocity in the divergent exit portion of the venturi such that the compact crimped tow is caused to expand and bloom in width and thickness and the filaments are longitudinally displaced relative to each other whereby the crimp is put out of registry without breaking the filaments.
  • a method of manufacturing tobacco smoke filters from crimped tow in a package form the steps which comprise withdrawing said tow from said package through the nip of a pair of feed rolls, passing the tow from said rolls through a high velocity rectangular cross section venturi jet supplied with a gas, said jet being positioned in close proximity to said rolls and the jet being of a construction whereby the gas flows from the jet in two sheets of gas in a direction relatively parallel to the direction of movement of the tow so that the tow is advanced by the gas, and conducting said tow after it passes through such slot jet to further steps for forming a filter therefrom and throughout the process avoiding tensions in the tow greater than those required to support and transport the tow.
  • An apparatus arrangement for carrying out processes for advancing and opening tow in the manufacture of filters which comprises three pairs of feed rolls in series, said feed rolls being adapted to receive and pass through the nip of the rolls a continuous filament crimped tow, a high velocity rectangular cross section venturi jet positioned between the first and second roll pair, said jet when supplied with gas being adapted to advance and open said tow, a further jet and spray booth positioned between the second and third roll pair, and means for forming in series with the third roll pair for forming tow processed in said jets into filter elements.
  • a high velocity rectangular cross section venturi jet having a divergent exit section adapted to be supplied with a gas positioned between the two pairs of rolls and in close proximity to the first pair of rolls, said jet being of a construction having an inlet for tow as it is received from the first pair of rolls and an exit from the jet, the internal construction of the jet being such that the gas supplied to the jet is caused to contact the tow and then is accelerated in the same direction as the movement of the tow to a high velocity, and is then caused to expand as it is discharged from the jet in the divergent exit section so as to exert both a longitudinal and divergent transverse thrusting force on the individual crimped filament of the tow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US736900A 1958-05-21 1958-05-21 Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters Expired - Lifetime US3079663A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL239385D NL239385A (id) 1958-05-21
GB918598D GB918598A (id) 1958-05-21
NL113839D NL113839C (id) 1958-05-21
US736900A US3079663A (en) 1958-05-21 1958-05-21 Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters
ES0249365A ES249365A1 (es) 1958-05-21 1959-05-13 Un método para abrir la estopa rizada de filamentos continuos
DE1959E0017650 DE1188998C2 (de) 1958-05-21 1959-05-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Filtermaterialstranges fuer Tabakrauchfilter od. dgl.
FR795127A FR1226046A (fr) 1958-05-21 1959-05-20 Procédé et machine pour la fabrication de filtres pour la fumée de tabac et nouveau produit obtenu
CH356705D CH356705A (fr) 1958-05-21 1959-05-21 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément filtrant pour la fumée de tabac, appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et élément filtrant obtenu par ce procédé
MY196412A MY6400012A (en) 1958-05-21 1964-12-31 Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US736900A US3079663A (en) 1958-05-21 1958-05-21 Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3079663A true US3079663A (en) 1963-03-05

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US736900A Expired - Lifetime US3079663A (en) 1958-05-21 1958-05-21 Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filters

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US (1) US3079663A (id)
CH (1) CH356705A (id)
DE (1) DE1188998C2 (id)
ES (1) ES249365A1 (id)
FR (1) FR1226046A (id)
GB (1) GB918598A (id)
MY (1) MY6400012A (id)
NL (2) NL239385A (id)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3111440A (en) * 1960-06-16 1963-11-19 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Devices and methods for applying strands
US3202747A (en) * 1961-04-26 1965-08-24 Celanese Corp Method for crimping wet spun cellulose triacetate
US3255506A (en) * 1963-02-20 1966-06-14 Eastman Kodak Co Tow treatment
US3273328A (en) * 1965-02-04 1966-09-20 Bloch Godfrey Process and apparatus for making bulked filament yarns
US3352735A (en) * 1966-10-25 1967-11-14 Eastman Kodak Co Method of preparing layered nonwoven products from continuous filamentary tow materials
US3804695A (en) * 1968-06-17 1974-04-16 Celanese Corp Apparatus for making tobacco smoke filters
WO1983003267A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-29 Eastman Kodak Co Improved pneumatic tow blooming process and apparatus
US4468845A (en) * 1982-03-19 1984-09-04 Eastman Kodak Company Jet and bustle tow blooming apparatus for a tow blooming process
US5225277A (en) * 1989-11-17 1993-07-06 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Acetate tow having high crimp modulus and manufacturing method thereof
US6253431B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2001-07-03 Celanese Acetate Llc Air opening jet apparatus
US6543106B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2003-04-08 Celanese Acetate, Llc Apparatus, method and system for air opening of textile tow and opened textile tow web produced thereby
US20050066497A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-03-31 Celanese Acetate, Llc Method and apparatus for making an absorbent composite
US20050066494A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-03-31 Celanese Acetate, Llc Method and apparatus for making an absorbent composite
US8623248B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2014-01-07 Celanese Acetate Llc Methods for producing nonwoven materials from continuous tow bands
US20160333507A1 (en) * 2014-01-08 2016-11-17 Daicel Corporation Method of and apparatus for manufacturing bloomed fiber material

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1339496A (en) * 1971-03-12 1973-12-05 British American Tobacco Co Production of tobacco-smoke filters
US4507107A (en) * 1979-11-21 1985-03-26 American Filtrona Corporation Filter manufacturing technique
JPS6087778A (ja) * 1983-02-01 1985-05-17 ハウニイ−ウエルケ・ケルベル・ウント・コンパニイ・コマンデイ−トゲゼルシヤフト タバコ加工工業に用いられるフイルタロツドを製造する方法及び装置
US8967155B2 (en) 2011-11-03 2015-03-03 Celanese Acetate Llc Products of high denier per filament and low total denier tow bands
DE102013202182A1 (de) * 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Filtern mit einem Additiv für Produkte der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
DE102015116564A1 (de) 2015-09-30 2017-03-30 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Beladen eines strangförmigen, kontinuierlich zugeführten Geschmacksträgers mit einem Geschmacksstoff für Produkte der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie

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US2750653A (en) * 1955-01-19 1956-06-19 Eastman Kodak Co Yarn structure
US2774680A (en) * 1953-10-07 1956-12-18 Edward J Hackney Process for making aerosol filters
US2783609A (en) * 1951-12-14 1957-03-05 Du Pont Bulky continuous filament yarn
US2793418A (en) * 1953-08-06 1957-05-28 Bachmann Uxbridge Worsted Corp Crimping of filaments
US2794239A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Tow for use in the production of tobacco smoke filters
US2794480A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US2807862A (en) * 1953-05-12 1957-10-01 American Enka Corp Method for bulking yarn
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US2914835A (en) * 1954-03-04 1959-12-01 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of crimping fibrous glass strand
US2966198A (en) * 1955-06-10 1960-12-27 British Celanese Production of cigarette filter tips

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US2435891A (en) * 1941-06-24 1948-02-10 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for crimping textile fibrous material
US2476582A (en) * 1945-06-11 1949-07-19 Houdaille Hershey Corp Method of making filter units
US2657433A (en) * 1950-11-14 1953-11-03 Courtaulds Ltd Continuous processing of filamentary tow
US2783609A (en) * 1951-12-14 1957-03-05 Du Pont Bulky continuous filament yarn
US2794480A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US2794239A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Tow for use in the production of tobacco smoke filters
US2807862A (en) * 1953-05-12 1957-10-01 American Enka Corp Method for bulking yarn
US2737688A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-03-13 Eastman Kodak Co Tow opening device
US2793418A (en) * 1953-08-06 1957-05-28 Bachmann Uxbridge Worsted Corp Crimping of filaments
US2774680A (en) * 1953-10-07 1956-12-18 Edward J Hackney Process for making aerosol filters
US2805671A (en) * 1953-10-07 1957-09-10 Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co Aerosol filters
US2914835A (en) * 1954-03-04 1959-12-01 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of crimping fibrous glass strand
US2828752A (en) * 1954-08-16 1958-04-01 Eastman Kodak Co Fibrous tobacco smoke filters
US2812569A (en) * 1954-10-08 1957-11-12 Scott & Williams Inc Apparatus for crinkling yarn
US2750653A (en) * 1955-01-19 1956-06-19 Eastman Kodak Co Yarn structure
US2966198A (en) * 1955-06-10 1960-12-27 British Celanese Production of cigarette filter tips
US2908045A (en) * 1955-10-20 1959-10-13 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing false twist and longitudinal folds from continuous filament crimped tow
US2815761A (en) * 1956-02-29 1957-12-10 Eastman Kodak Co Fibrous tobacco smoke filter

Cited By (20)

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DE1188998B (de) 1965-03-11
GB918598A (id)
MY6400012A (en) 1964-12-31
DE1188998C2 (de) 1965-12-30
NL113839C (id)
ES249365A1 (es) 1959-11-16
FR1226046A (fr) 1960-07-06
CH356705A (fr) 1961-08-31
NL239385A (id)

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