US3064159A - Microwave tube with interdigital electrode construction - Google Patents

Microwave tube with interdigital electrode construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3064159A
US3064159A US807571A US80757159A US3064159A US 3064159 A US3064159 A US 3064159A US 807571 A US807571 A US 807571A US 80757159 A US80757159 A US 80757159A US 3064159 A US3064159 A US 3064159A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
segments
cathode
interdigital
microwave tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US807571A
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English (en)
Inventor
Weber Dieter
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Patelhold Patenverwertungs and Elektro-Holding AG
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Patelhold Patenverwertungs and Elektro-Holding AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/06—Cavity resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/28—Interdigital slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H01J25/54—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having only one cavity or other resonator, e.g. neutrode tubes
    • H01J25/56—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having only one cavity or other resonator, e.g. neutrode tubes with interdigital arrangements of anodes, e.g. turbator tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electron tubes of the microwave type and more particularly to microwave tubes which have an interdigital electrode structure.
  • the general object of the invention is to provide an improved rnterdigital electrode structure which exhibits a greater self-cooling characteristic therefore resulting in a correspondingly greater allowable output for the tube.
  • electrodes with mterdigital structure are used, as for example in singlecircuit magnetrons and in certain traveling field tubes and revertive wave tubes. Usually said electrodes must receive a considerable portion of the load current of the tube, in single-circuit magnetrons, for example, even the entire current emitted by the cathode.
  • the present invention now develops the idea that, instead of improving the transmission of the heat generated with an approximately uniform segment length, the generation of the waste heat should, on the contrary, be so distributed locally that it can be transmitted by means which are satisfactory in high-frequency technique. Accordingly, it is the object of the invention to form or arrange the segments so that as to the more diflicult portions to cool, i.e. those portions near the free end of each segment, a lower density of the impinging electrons prevails than in the portions near the segment root which are easier to cool.
  • the cathode In a single-cavity magnetron wherein the interdigital arrangement of the segments is concentric about the axis of the cathode, the cathode has one function of eflecting emission of the electrons and also has another function as a guide electrode in forming a radially extending electrostatic field which together with the perpendicular magnetic field serves to guide the electrons in a substantially tangential direction.
  • the interdigital arrangement of the segments takes a rectilinear form as distinguished from the circular form in the single-cavity magnetron, and the cathode is 3,064,159 Patented Nov. 13, 1962 arranged, for example, at the head of the interdigital structure.
  • a microwave tube according to the invention is thus characterized in that the free ends of the segments are farther removed from the cathode of a single-cavity magnetron or from the guide electrode of a travelling wave tube than are the roots of the segments.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in axial vertical section of one embodiment of the invention as applied to a single circuit magnetron;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing a modification of the improved interdigital electrode structure.
  • the single-circuit magnetron tube is seen to be comprised of a toroidal cavity type resonator which is established by-a cylindrical wall .1 and two parallel spaced end walls 2, 3 which meet the ends of the cylindrical 1.
  • the cylindrical cathode 4 extends along, and is concentric with, the axis xx of the resonator.
  • the resonator is provided with an interdigital electrode structure comprising one cylindrical array of circumferentially spaced electrode segments 5 extending inwardly from the end wall 2 and a like cylindrical array of circumferentially spaced electrode segments 6 extending inwardly from the opposite end Wall 3, the electrode segments 5 and 6 being interdigitated.
  • the interdigitated electrode segments 5 and 6 have a generally trapezoidal configuration with the base or root of the trapezoid terminating in the end Wall to which the segment is secured.
  • the outer free ends 5a, 6a of the electrode segments are located farther away from the cylindrical cathode 4 than the root ends 5b, 6b of these segments.
  • the sides 50, 6c of the electrode segments facing the cathode 4 extend along straight lines b which form an angle a with the axis x-x preferably not exceeding 10.
  • the same electrode segment form can be used, of course, when the interdigitated electrode structure does not have a toroidal self-enclosed form but is, for example, elongated and straight, as in traveling wave tubes.
  • a guide electrode with a flat surface taking the place of the cathode, usually is opposite and parallel with the side of the electrode provided with segments.
  • the sides of the electrode segments facing the guide electrode should be inclined by preferably at most 10 relative to the plane of the guide electrode.
  • FIG. 2 which is also a toroidal cavity type resonator similar to FIG. 1, those structural components corresponding to the FIG. 1 embodiment have been given the same reference numerals but with primes applied thereto for purposes of distinction.
  • the cylindrical outer wall bounding the cavity is designated by 1' and the end walls by 2' and 3 respectively.
  • the electrode segments 5' and 6 do not have the same configuration as in FIG. 1.
  • the upper sides 5a" and 6d of the interleaved electrode seg ments taper inwardly towards the resonator axis in the same manner as the upper sides 5d and (id in FIG.
  • the lower sides 5c and 6c are arranged parallel to the cavity axis with an ofiset or step Se and 6e in a direction away from the cathode so that the outer free end portions 5a and 6a of the electrode segments are thereby also located farther away from the cavity axis than are the root ends 5b and 6b.
  • the inner side edges of the electrode segment can be provided with a plurality of stepped sections.
  • the improved electrodevsegment construction as defined hereinafter in the claims provides for a more eflicient cooling in that the free end portions of the electrode segments which are more difficult' to cool than the root ends secured to the end walls 3 of the cavity are located more remote from the cathode than the root ends and thereby have a lower density of impinging electrons which means a lower heating effect than ,at the root ends.
  • the improved segmented electrode construction according to end portion of said electrode segments are located more remotely from said first electrode member than are the root portions of said electrode segments.
  • a microwave tube of the magnetron type comprising a toroidal resonator cavity established by a cylindrical wall and two parallel spaced end walls joined to said cylindrical wall, a cathode arranged along the axis of said cavity and a plurality of interdigitated electrode segments secured only at their root portions to said end walls and extending inwardly from said endwalls and surrounding said cathode, the outer end portions of said segments being therefore free, said cathode also serving as an electrode in the establishment of an electrostatic field for guiding electron flow, the improvement wherein the free end portions of said electrode segments are located more remotely from said cathode than are the root portions thereof 10- cated'at said end walls.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
US807571A 1958-05-09 1959-04-20 Microwave tube with interdigital electrode construction Expired - Lifetime US3064159A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH879879X 1958-05-09

Publications (1)

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US3064159A true US3064159A (en) 1962-11-13

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US807571A Expired - Lifetime US3064159A (en) 1958-05-09 1959-04-20 Microwave tube with interdigital electrode construction

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US (1) US3064159A (is")
CH (1) CH359212A (is")
DE (1) DE1081155B (is")
FR (1) FR1219581A (is")
GB (1) GB879879A (is")
NL (2) NL103922C (is")

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274431A (en) * 1961-07-03 1966-09-20 Varian Associates Crossed field high frequency electron discharge apparatus

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2647175A (en) * 1951-05-18 1953-07-28 Atomic Energy Commission Ultra-wide band amplifier tube
US2680209A (en) * 1950-05-12 1954-06-01 Sperry Corp High-frequency apparatus
US2730678A (en) * 1951-12-29 1956-01-10 Csf Improvements in interdigital delay lines
US2754448A (en) * 1950-06-21 1956-07-10 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Velocity modulation tube of the kind comprising a drift space
US2770780A (en) * 1951-04-23 1956-11-13 Csf Symmetrical interdigital line for travelling wave tubes
GB776072A (en) * 1953-07-18 1957-06-05 Csf Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes having ladder delay lines

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE952015C (de) * 1952-07-19 1956-11-08 Csf Wanderfeldroehre mit in Form einer symmetrischen Kammleitung ausgebildeter Verzoegerungsleitung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680209A (en) * 1950-05-12 1954-06-01 Sperry Corp High-frequency apparatus
US2754448A (en) * 1950-06-21 1956-07-10 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Velocity modulation tube of the kind comprising a drift space
US2770780A (en) * 1951-04-23 1956-11-13 Csf Symmetrical interdigital line for travelling wave tubes
US2647175A (en) * 1951-05-18 1953-07-28 Atomic Energy Commission Ultra-wide band amplifier tube
US2730678A (en) * 1951-12-29 1956-01-10 Csf Improvements in interdigital delay lines
GB776072A (en) * 1953-07-18 1957-06-05 Csf Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes having ladder delay lines

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274431A (en) * 1961-07-03 1966-09-20 Varian Associates Crossed field high frequency electron discharge apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1081155B (de) 1960-05-05
GB879879A (en) 1961-10-11
NL237599A (is")
FR1219581A (fr) 1960-05-18
CH359212A (de) 1961-12-31
NL103922C (is")

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