US3053993A - Magnetic trigger devices - Google Patents

Magnetic trigger devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3053993A
US3053993A US840696A US84069659A US3053993A US 3053993 A US3053993 A US 3053993A US 840696 A US840696 A US 840696A US 84069659 A US84069659 A US 84069659A US 3053993 A US3053993 A US 3053993A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
core
winding
cores
triggering
turns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US840696A
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English (en)
Inventor
Barber Donald Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB3393258A external-priority patent/GB857736A/en
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3053993A publication Critical patent/US3053993A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4906—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using binary codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/80—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using non-linear magnetic devices; using non-linear dielectric devices
    • H03K17/82—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using non-linear magnetic devices; using non-linear dielectric devices the devices being transfluxors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K23/00—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains
    • H03K23/76—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains using magnetic cores or ferro-electric capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/45—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of non-linear magnetic or dielectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
    • H03M1/34—Analogue value compared with reference values
    • H03M1/36—Analogue value compared with reference values simultaneously only, i.e. parallel type
    • H03M1/361—Analogue value compared with reference values simultaneously only, i.e. parallel type having a separate comparator and reference value for each quantisation level, i.e. full flash converter type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M5/00—Conversion of the form of the representation of individual digits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
    • H03M7/14—Conversion to or from non-weighted codes
    • H03M7/16—Conversion to or from unit-distance codes, e.g. Gray code, reflected binary code
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M9/00—Parallel/series conversion or vice versa
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
    • H04B14/04—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation using pulse code modulation
    • H04B14/042—Special circuits, e.g. comparators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
    • H04B14/04—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation using pulse code modulation
    • H04B14/044—Sample and hold circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
    • H04B14/04—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation using pulse code modulation
    • H04B14/046—Systems or methods for reducing noise or bandwidth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B14/00—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B14/02—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
    • H04B14/04—Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation using pulse code modulation
    • H04B14/046—Systems or methods for reducing noise or bandwidth
    • H04B14/048—Non linear compression or expansion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to magnetic trigger devices.
  • the object of the invention is to shorten the output pulses without increasing the amplitude of the driv ng wave. This is accomplished according to the invention by connecting a second coil, linked with a 'saturable magnetic core, in series with the coil of the core to be triggered, the second coil being so designed that its core switches first. During the period of switching the second core, the current supplied by the driving wave first practically ceases to increase and then, when switching is complete, increases very sharply and triggers the other core so that it generates a very short output pulse.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows graphical diagrams used to explain the operation of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a toroidal core 1 of saturable ferromagnetic material, such as a ferrite material, having wound thereon a triggering winding 2 and an output winding 3.
  • a second similar core 4 has a triggering winding 5.
  • the windings 2 and 5 are connected in series to a source 6 of a sinewave triggering voltage.
  • This source should preferably have a low impedaiice so that the voltage is not much affected by the current supplied to the load.
  • the number of turns of the winding 5' shouldv be several times that of the winding 2; for example the numbers of turns of the windings 5 and 2 could be 20 and 5, respectively.
  • Graph A of FIG. 2 shows at 7 the sinewave output voltage of the source 6. It will be assumed that initially both cores are saturated in the negative direction so that a positive applied voltage is necessary to switch them. At some time 11, shortly after the voltage of the sinewave 7 has changed sign from negative to positive, core 4 begins to be switched, but since the winding 2 has a smaller number of turns than winding 5, the flux in the core 1 will not have increased sufficiently to reach the critical switching value at time t As soon as core 4 starts to be switched, the winding 5 presents a high impedance to the switching wave, and the switching current shown by the curve 8 in Graph B of FIG. 2 ceases to increase at time 15,, and may remain practically constant, as indicated at 9 in Graph B.
  • the triggering wave from the source 6 need not be a sinewave; it could be a sawtooth wave, for example.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative method of ensuring that the core 4 switches before the core 1.
  • the magnetic field produced in a toroidal core by a given current in a winding with a given number of turns is approximately inversely proportional to the mean circumference of the core.
  • the diameter of the core 1 is shown to be about four times that of the core 4-, and the windings 2 and 5 have the same number of turns.
  • the magnetic field produced by the current in core 1 will be about one quarter of the field produced in core 4, so core 4 will reach the triggering point before core 1.
  • the operation will be substantially the same as that of FIG. 1 described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the common feature of the FIGS. 1 and 3 arrangements is that the ratio of the number of turns of the triggering winding to the mean circumferential flux path-length in the core is greater for core 4 than for core 1, and it will be clear that the core diameters and number of turns of the triggering windings can be selected in various ways to ensure that this condition is fulfilled.
  • a number of cores such as 1 with different diameters, and suitably biased may be connected in cascade in order to obtain a train of short pulses from each triggering flank of the sinewave, as explained with reference to FIG. 1.
  • One important application of the invention is to coders for pulse code modulation systems of communication.
  • coders for pulse code modulation systems of communication.
  • a group of similar magnetic cores is provided to define the quantizing levels.
  • Each core has a triggering winding with the same number of turns, and a triggering wave is supplied to all the triggering windings in series. Only one of the cores is in a condition -to be triggered, in which core there is substantially a balance between the bias flux and the flux due to the signal current.
  • a single additional core such as 4, FIG. 1, or 3 may be connected in series with the group of level-defining cores. Then, according to the invention, the output pulse generated by the level defining core which is triggered will be shortened.
  • the additional core may be of smaller diameter than the other cores, or may have a triggering winding with a larger number of turns.
  • a magnetic trigger device comprising:
  • a second core having a closed magnetic circuit of saturable magnetic material to control the time of reversal of the state of saturation of said first core
  • said trigger wave including a portion having the voltage increasing at a predetermined rate for a considerable time interval
  • said second core responding to said portion to complete the reversal of its state of saturation at a given time in said portion and simultaneously to sharply reverse the state of saturation of said first core to produce a narrow output pulse;
  • a device in which said cores are toroidal cores of a predetermined cross-section and in which the numbers of turns of the triggering windings and the diameters of the cores are so chosen that the ratio of the number of turns of the triggering winding of a core to the mean flux path-length in that core is different for each core, the said ratio being greatest for the said second core.
  • a device in which the cores have the same mean diameter, and in which the triggering windings have respectively difierent numbers of turns.
  • a device in which the triggering windings have the same number of turns, and the cores have respectively different mean diameters.
  • a device in which the said saturable material is a ferrite material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
US840696A 1958-10-23 1959-09-17 Magnetic trigger devices Expired - Lifetime US3053993A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3393258A GB857736A (en) 1958-11-14 1958-10-23 Improvements in or relating to magnetic trigger devices
GB3670558A GB840023A (en) 1958-11-14 1958-11-14 Improvements in or relating to magnetic information storage devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3053993A true US3053993A (en) 1962-09-11

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US840696A Expired - Lifetime US3053993A (en) 1958-10-23 1959-09-17 Magnetic trigger devices
US840771A Expired - Lifetime US3045216A (en) 1958-10-23 1959-09-17 Magnetic information storage devices

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US840771A Expired - Lifetime US3045216A (en) 1958-10-23 1959-09-17 Magnetic information storage devices

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US3053993A (cs)
CH (2) CH386484A (cs)
DE (3) DE1164472B (cs)
FR (2) FR1198643A (cs)
GB (3) GB834624A (cs)
NL (1) NL246422A (cs)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163854A (en) * 1959-10-30 1964-12-29 Amp Inc Magnetic flux transfer in core systems
US3183363A (en) * 1962-02-26 1965-05-11 Kenneth E Batcher Logic mechanization system
US3230407A (en) * 1962-08-01 1966-01-18 Anelex Corp Electromagnetic transducers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL244645A (cs) 1958-07-03

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2696347A (en) * 1953-06-19 1954-12-07 Rca Corp Magnetic switching circuit
US2805408A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-09-03 Librascope Inc Magnetic permanent storage
FR1158080A (fr) * 1955-09-29 1958-06-06 Siemens Ag Disposition pour la mesure de courants électriques en unités entières

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE906519C (de) * 1950-01-14 1954-03-15 Little Inc A Schaltungsanordnung zum Anzeigen oder Registrieren von Augenblickswerten
US2937285A (en) * 1953-03-31 1960-05-17 Research Corp Saturable switch
US2801344A (en) * 1954-11-29 1957-07-30 Underwood Corp Magnetic gating circuit
US2768367A (en) * 1954-12-30 1956-10-23 Rca Corp Magnetic memory and magnetic switch systems
DE1061368B (de) 1956-11-27 1959-07-16 Siemens Ag Anordnung zum Erzeugen von aus binaeren Schritten aufgebauten Zeichen
DE1062280B (de) 1957-10-26 1959-07-30 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Schaltungsanordnung fuer eine Einrichtung zur Auswertung von elektrischen Spannungen von abgestuften Groessenwerten

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2696347A (en) * 1953-06-19 1954-12-07 Rca Corp Magnetic switching circuit
US2805408A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-09-03 Librascope Inc Magnetic permanent storage
FR1158080A (fr) * 1955-09-29 1958-06-06 Siemens Ag Disposition pour la mesure de courants électriques en unités entières
US2962704A (en) * 1955-09-29 1960-11-29 Siemens Ag Measuring electric currents in terms of units

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163854A (en) * 1959-10-30 1964-12-29 Amp Inc Magnetic flux transfer in core systems
US3183363A (en) * 1962-02-26 1965-05-11 Kenneth E Batcher Logic mechanization system
US3230407A (en) * 1962-08-01 1966-01-18 Anelex Corp Electromagnetic transducers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB857506A (en) 1960-12-29
FR78798E (cs) 1963-01-02
GB834624A (en) 1960-05-11
DE1164472B (de) 1964-03-05
FR1198643A (fr) 1959-12-08
CH386483A (de) 1965-01-15
CH386484A (de) 1965-01-15
GB873944A (en) 1961-08-02
DE1113241B (de) 1961-08-31
US3045216A (en) 1962-07-17
DE1142906B (de) 1963-01-31
NL246422A (cs) 1964-02-10

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