US3019458A - Spoon-shaped swim-fin - Google Patents

Spoon-shaped swim-fin Download PDF

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Publication number
US3019458A
US3019458A US763922A US76392258A US3019458A US 3019458 A US3019458 A US 3019458A US 763922 A US763922 A US 763922A US 76392258 A US76392258 A US 76392258A US 3019458 A US3019458 A US 3019458A
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fin
blade
spoon
ribs
longitudinal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US763922A
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Barbieri Ettore De
Gatti Fernando
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B31/00—Swimming aids
    • A63B31/08—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs
    • A63B31/10—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet
    • A63B31/11—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet attachable only to the feet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to swin-fins and aims to obtain a fin, whose blade is shorter but larger than those of the conventional fins and which presents a very good gripping surface in the water and a sufficient resistance, the latter being achieved without increasing the thickness of longitudinal ribs and/or of the blade itself, therefrom resulting a lighter weight of the whole fin which is usually made in one piece of rubber or like, without metal reinforcement cuts.
  • the fin blade is made in the shape of a spoon, that is, it is cambered in the longitudinal and in the transversal direction, and it may be also widened by a pair of side flaps.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 show a fin according to the invention, viewed respectively from its topside and from its underside.
  • FIGURE 3 is a side elevation view of the fin.
  • FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal middle-section of the fin
  • FIGURE 5 is a transversal section of the fin blade in an enlarged scale.
  • the fin comprises a shoe portion 1 having a heel section la and a toe section 11), which may be closed as shown, or constituted by fixed or adjustable straps, and a front extension or blade 2 which is stiifened by longitudinal ribs 3 extending parallel to the blade sides and possibly, but not necessarily, by a central longitudinal bead 5 which stiflens the central part of said blade 2.
  • the active area of the fin may be also increased by providing side flaps 4 projecting from the said longitudinal ribs 3.
  • the shoe portion 1 comprises a substantially fiat base section from which the integral heel and toe sections 1a and 1b extend upwardly.
  • the flexible fin 2 is also preferably integrally formed with the shoe portion, extending forwardly from said base section at a downward angle and having outwardly diverging curved edges which are faired into the foot portion 1 at the middle thereof.
  • the stiffening ribs 3 extend from the top and bottom sides of the blade and are curved to follow the contour of the blade edges. Laterally of the ribs 3, the blade 2 has outwardly extending portions 4 which are reduced in thickness and these portions are concavely faired into the facing sides of the ribs 3.
  • the blade 2 instead of being substantially flat, is shaped like a spoon, being slightly cambered both in longitudinal direction (FIGURES 3 and 4) and in transversal direction (FIGURE 5).
  • the blade 2 and annexed flaps 4 of the fin may be made shorter and wider than the conventional fins of like construction and its active area may be even smaller than said conventional fins, due to the fact that the blade cannot bend substantially upwardly, that is in the direction of its convex side or fin top thus insuring an improved grip of the water.
  • the blade 2 including its side flaps, when provided, is curved even at its sides and thus the swim fin assumes a more rational shape from the hydrodynamic point of view, thus improving the propelling efiiciency of the fin.
  • a fin for a swimmer comprising a foot portion having a substantially fiat base section, an integral upwardly extending heel section and an integral upwardly extending toe section, an elongated, integrally formed flexible fin blade extending from the base of said foot portion at the toe section end thereof in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the foot portion but at a downward angle with respect to the plane of said base, said blade being longitudinally and transversely cambered, the curvature of the blade facing downwardly in reference to the heel and toe sections, and lateral stifieniug ribs on the top and the bottom side of the blade extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges of the blade, said ribs being faired into the foot portion at the middle thereof.
  • a fin for a swimmer comprising a flexible foot portion having a substantially flat base section, an integral upwardly extending heel grip section and an integral upwardly extending toe grip section, an elongated integrally formed flexible fin blade extending from the base of said foot portion at the toe section end thereof in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the foot portion but at a downward angle with respect to the plane of said base, said blade having outwardly diverging curved longitudinal edges and being longitudinally and transversely cambered, the curvature of the blade facing downwardly in reference to the heel and toe sections, and curved lateral stiifening ribs in the blade extending from the top and the bottom side of the blade and substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges of the blade along the entire length thereof, said ribs being faired into the foot portion at the middle thereof.

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

Feb. 6, 1962 E. DE BARBIERI ETAL 3,019,458
SPOON-SHAPED SWIM-FIN Filed Sept. 29, 1958 INVENTORS ETTORE DE BARB/ f FERNANDO GATT! BY Q WM ATTORNEYS The present invention relates to swin-fins and aims to obtain a fin, whose blade is shorter but larger than those of the conventional fins and which presents a very good gripping surface in the water and a sufficient resistance, the latter being achieved without increasing the thickness of longitudinal ribs and/or of the blade itself, therefrom resulting a lighter weight of the whole fin which is usually made in one piece of rubber or like, without metal reinforcement cuts.
To this end according to the invention, the fin blade is made in the shape of a spoon, that is, it is cambered in the longitudinal and in the transversal direction, and it may be also widened by a pair of side flaps.
These and other features of the invention will be apparent from the following specification of one preferred embodiment of the invention made with reference to the annexed drawing, in which:
FIGURES 1 and 2 show a fin according to the invention, viewed respectively from its topside and from its underside.
FIGURE 3 is a side elevation view of the fin.
FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal middle-section of the fin, and
FIGURE 5 is a transversal section of the fin blade in an enlarged scale.
With reference to the drawings, in its preferred embodiment, the fin comprises a shoe portion 1 having a heel section la and a toe section 11), which may be closed as shown, or constituted by fixed or adjustable straps, and a front extension or blade 2 which is stiifened by longitudinal ribs 3 extending parallel to the blade sides and possibly, but not necessarily, by a central longitudinal bead 5 which stiflens the central part of said blade 2. The active area of the fin may be also increased by providing side flaps 4 projecting from the said longitudinal ribs 3.
The shoe portion 1 comprises a substantially fiat base section from which the integral heel and toe sections 1a and 1b extend upwardly. The flexible fin 2 is also preferably integrally formed with the shoe portion, extending forwardly from said base section at a downward angle and having outwardly diverging curved edges which are faired into the foot portion 1 at the middle thereof. The stiffening ribs 3 extend from the top and bottom sides of the blade and are curved to follow the contour of the blade edges. Laterally of the ribs 3, the blade 2 has outwardly extending portions 4 which are reduced in thickness and these portions are concavely faired into the facing sides of the ribs 3.
As a difference from the conventional swim fins of like construction, the blade 2, instead of being substantially flat, is shaped like a spoon, being slightly cambered both in longitudinal direction (FIGURES 3 and 4) and in transversal direction (FIGURE 5).
Due to this spoon shape, the blade 2 and annexed flaps 4 of the fin may be made shorter and wider than the conventional fins of like construction and its active area may be even smaller than said conventional fins, due to the fact that the blade cannot bend substantially upwardly, that is in the direction of its convex side or fin top thus insuring an improved grip of the water.
ice
In this manner a good resistance of the blade to bending is ensured without increasing the thickness of the longitudinal ribs 3, which may be made even lighter than what was considered necessary uptodate.
As shown in FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawing, the blade 2, including its side flaps, when provided, is curved even at its sides and thus the swim fin assumes a more rational shape from the hydrodynamic point of view, thus improving the propelling efiiciency of the fin.
We claim:
1. A fin for a swimmer, comprising a foot portion having a substantially fiat base section, an integral upwardly extending heel section and an integral upwardly extending toe section, an elongated, integrally formed flexible fin blade extending from the base of said foot portion at the toe section end thereof in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the foot portion but at a downward angle with respect to the plane of said base, said blade being longitudinally and transversely cambered, the curvature of the blade facing downwardly in reference to the heel and toe sections, and lateral stifieniug ribs on the top and the bottom side of the blade extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges of the blade, said ribs being faired into the foot portion at the middle thereof.
2. A fin according to claim 1 wherein said fin blade is laterally extended beyond said ribs, said laterally extended blade portions being reduced in thickness toward the rims thereof.
3. A fin according to claim 2 wherein the sides of said ribs facing said laterally extended blade portions are concavely faired into the same.
4. A fin according to claim 1 wherein a central stiffening rib extends on the top side of the blade in alignment with the longitudinal axis of said fin portion.
5. A fin for a swimmer, comprising a flexible foot portion having a substantially flat base section, an integral upwardly extending heel grip section and an integral upwardly extending toe grip section, an elongated integrally formed flexible fin blade extending from the base of said foot portion at the toe section end thereof in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the foot portion but at a downward angle with respect to the plane of said base, said blade having outwardly diverging curved longitudinal edges and being longitudinally and transversely cambered, the curvature of the blade facing downwardly in reference to the heel and toe sections, and curved lateral stiifening ribs in the blade extending from the top and the bottom side of the blade and substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges of the blade along the entire length thereof, said ribs being faired into the foot portion at the middle thereof.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 23,006 Churchill June 15, 1948 1,066,696 Baker July 8, 1913 2,159,972 Larson May 30, 1939 2,290,943 Conley July 28, 1942 2,313,979 Tuma Mar. 16, 1943 2,672,629 La Trell Mar. 23, 1954 2,729,832 Schmitz Jan. 10, 1956 2,737,668 Cressi Mar. 13, 1956 2,889,563 Lamb June 9, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS 762,166 Great Britain Nov. 21, 1956
US763922A 1957-12-03 1958-09-29 Spoon-shaped swim-fin Expired - Lifetime US3019458A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411165A (en) * 1966-12-12 1968-11-19 Frank N. Murdoch Swim fin
US3810269A (en) * 1972-09-14 1974-05-14 K Tabata Swimmer{40 s foot fin
US4541810A (en) * 1983-10-28 1985-09-17 Wenzel Clarence E Swimming apparatus
US5312278A (en) * 1992-09-24 1994-05-17 Jen Wu R Swimming glove
US5356323A (en) * 1990-12-31 1994-10-18 Evans Robert B Closed shoe swim fin
US5702277A (en) * 1993-07-07 1997-12-30 Wagner; John Lee High performance swim fin
WO1999058203A3 (en) * 1998-05-14 1999-12-29 Peter T Mccarthy Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6146224A (en) * 1996-01-11 2000-11-14 Mccarthy; Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6159064A (en) * 1998-03-09 2000-12-12 Tabata Co. Ltd. Swimming fin
US20020025744A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2002-02-28 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US6371821B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2002-04-16 Nature's Wing Fin Designs, Llc High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6482059B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2002-11-19 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US20040127117A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-07-01 Mccarthy Peter T. High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US6758708B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-07-06 Johnson Outdoors Inc. Swim fin with energy storage and release system for improved angle of attack and water flow characteristics
US20100120304A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-13 Twombly Susan M Swim Fin Device
US20110081813A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2011-04-07 Twombly Susan M Recreational Swimming Ensemble
US20150223561A1 (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-13 Nike, Inc. Sole structure for an article of footwear with extended plate
US9364717B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-06-14 Kathleen Davis Swimming fin

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1066696A (en) * 1911-11-04 1913-07-08 Lorenzo M Baker Propelling-paddle for swimmers.
US2159972A (en) * 1938-09-19 1939-05-30 Larson Arvid Swimming device
US2290943A (en) * 1940-06-24 1942-07-28 Robert A Conley Swimming device
US2313979A (en) * 1939-06-19 1943-03-16 James L Tuma Swimming appliance
USRE23006E (en) * 1948-06-15 Swim fin
US2672629A (en) * 1949-04-14 1954-03-23 Trell Jack K La Swimmer's propulsion aid
US2729832A (en) * 1952-02-28 1956-01-10 Schmitz Walter Swimming fin
US2737668A (en) * 1953-08-31 1956-03-13 Cressi Giovanni Fins for swimmers
GB762166A (en) * 1954-02-24 1956-11-21 Stanley Joseph Clark Improvements in swimming fins
US2889563A (en) * 1956-02-27 1959-06-09 Edward W Lamb Swim flipper

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE23006E (en) * 1948-06-15 Swim fin
US1066696A (en) * 1911-11-04 1913-07-08 Lorenzo M Baker Propelling-paddle for swimmers.
US2159972A (en) * 1938-09-19 1939-05-30 Larson Arvid Swimming device
US2313979A (en) * 1939-06-19 1943-03-16 James L Tuma Swimming appliance
US2290943A (en) * 1940-06-24 1942-07-28 Robert A Conley Swimming device
US2672629A (en) * 1949-04-14 1954-03-23 Trell Jack K La Swimmer's propulsion aid
US2729832A (en) * 1952-02-28 1956-01-10 Schmitz Walter Swimming fin
US2737668A (en) * 1953-08-31 1956-03-13 Cressi Giovanni Fins for swimmers
GB762166A (en) * 1954-02-24 1956-11-21 Stanley Joseph Clark Improvements in swimming fins
US2889563A (en) * 1956-02-27 1959-06-09 Edward W Lamb Swim flipper

Cited By (45)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411165A (en) * 1966-12-12 1968-11-19 Frank N. Murdoch Swim fin
US3810269A (en) * 1972-09-14 1974-05-14 K Tabata Swimmer{40 s foot fin
US4541810A (en) * 1983-10-28 1985-09-17 Wenzel Clarence E Swimming apparatus
US5356323A (en) * 1990-12-31 1994-10-18 Evans Robert B Closed shoe swim fin
US5312278A (en) * 1992-09-24 1994-05-17 Jen Wu R Swimming glove
US5702277A (en) * 1993-07-07 1997-12-30 Wagner; John Lee High performance swim fin
US20040248481A1 (en) * 1996-01-11 2004-12-09 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6719599B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2004-04-13 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6146224A (en) * 1996-01-11 2000-11-14 Mccarthy; Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US20070173143A1 (en) * 1996-01-11 2007-07-26 Mccarthy Peter T High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6371821B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2002-04-16 Nature's Wing Fin Designs, Llc High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US7101240B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2006-09-05 Mccarthy Peter T High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6497597B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2002-12-24 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6585548B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2003-07-01 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6607411B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2003-08-19 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6482059B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2002-11-19 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6159064A (en) * 1998-03-09 2000-12-12 Tabata Co. Ltd. Swimming fin
US6918805B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2005-07-19 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6712656B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2004-03-30 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7862395B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2011-01-04 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US20020025744A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2002-02-28 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US20040152376A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2004-08-05 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade blade deflections
WO1999058203A3 (en) * 1998-05-14 1999-12-29 Peter T Mccarthy Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6843693B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2005-01-18 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US20070173142A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2007-07-26 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6095879A (en) * 1998-05-14 2000-08-01 Mccarthy; Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7581997B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2009-09-01 Mccarthy Peter T Method for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US20050181689A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2005-08-18 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7018256B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2006-03-28 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US6413133B1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2002-07-02 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7465205B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2008-12-16 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US20080045095A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2008-02-21 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6758708B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-07-06 Johnson Outdoors Inc. Swim fin with energy storage and release system for improved angle of attack and water flow characteristics
US6884134B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2005-04-26 Mccarthy Peter T. High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US20070049140A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2007-03-01 Mccarthy Peter T High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US20070037459A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2007-02-15 Mccarthy Peter T High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US20050176318A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2005-08-11 Mccarthy Peter T. High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US7601041B2 (en) * 2002-07-19 2009-10-13 Mccarthy Peter T High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US20040127117A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-07-01 Mccarthy Peter T. High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US20100120304A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-13 Twombly Susan M Swim Fin Device
US7854638B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2010-12-21 Twombly Susan M Swim fin device
US20110081813A1 (en) * 2008-11-12 2011-04-07 Twombly Susan M Recreational Swimming Ensemble
US9364717B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-06-14 Kathleen Davis Swimming fin
US20150223561A1 (en) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-13 Nike, Inc. Sole structure for an article of footwear with extended plate
US9532623B2 (en) * 2014-02-07 2017-01-03 Nike, Inc. Sole structure for an article of footwear with extended plate

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