US3008846A - Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass - Google Patents

Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3008846A
US3008846A US657923A US65792357A US3008846A US 3008846 A US3008846 A US 3008846A US 657923 A US657923 A US 657923A US 65792357 A US65792357 A US 65792357A US 3008846 A US3008846 A US 3008846A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
oven
roll
treating zone
glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US657923A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Remus F Caroselli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Owens Corning
Original Assignee
Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE567411D priority Critical patent/BE567411A/xx
Application filed by Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp filed Critical Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp
Priority to US657923A priority patent/US3008846A/en
Priority to US67099A priority patent/US3096970A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3008846A publication Critical patent/US3008846A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/002—Thermal treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • D06B3/18—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics combined with squeezing, e.g. in padding machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics

Definitions

  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of apparatus for carrying out .the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of the oven
  • FIGURE 3 is a section on line 33 of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a view in cross section on line 44 of FIGURE 3;
  • FIGURE 5 is a view in section substantially on line 5-5 of FIGURE 4;
  • FIGURE 6 is a plan view of a modified form of an inner mufile
  • FIGURE 7 is a view in elevation of the modified form of an inner muflle.
  • FIGURE 8 is a perspective view of a small oven for carrying out the process.
  • the apparatus comprises a left-off stand 11, idler rolls 12, 12, a pair of pull rolls 13, 14, the former being driven and the latter being an idler.
  • Idler roll 14 is adapted for movement through the horizontal plane into and out of contact with driven pull roll 13.
  • the pull rolls are actuated when scray pan 15 is to be filled. Scray pan 15 is filled during lacing operations and when a splice is to be made between ends of fabric as when a new roll 16 is being placed on let-off stand 11.
  • Roll 16 when supported in let-off stand 11 has a leather strap brake 17 which provides a constant resistance to unrolling of the fabric 10.
  • a sewing machine 18 provided with a transverse railway carriage is mounted on frame 19 for securing the ends of rolls of fabric together.
  • Guide roll 21 - is disposed above scray pan 15 as are the three tensioning rolls 22, 22.
  • the uppermost tensioning roll is provided with a leather strap braking member 23.
  • the weave set oven is provided a plurality of gas burners 29, 29 which heat the oven to the desired temperature. The combustion products from the burners surround an outer stainless steel muflle 31 in the oven 28 and are then vented through exhaust stack 32.
  • Outer mufile 31 through which the fabric passes is provided with an inner muffle 30.
  • the two parts 25, 26 of inner muflle 30 are disposed one above the other and extend transversely across the width of the muffle and fabric.
  • Pipes 42, 42 within inner mufile 30 have a plurality of openings which direct streams of a fluid which does not support combustion at a 45 angle toward the surface of the fabric being treated and against (the direction of travel of the fabric as it passes through the weave set oven.
  • Stainless steel muffle 31 is vented through exhaust stack 33 which is positioned above the inner muffie and extends at its lower end across the width of stainless steel mufile 31.
  • At the entrance and exit end of oven 28 are adjustable doors 34, 34 and 3-5, 35.
  • an exhaust duct 36 adapted for removing gases given off by the fabric due to volatilization as the fabric passes into and through the oven.
  • Heat cleaned fabric 43 passes from the weave set oven 28 into draw roll unit 45 which comprises two motordriven rolls 46, 46 positioned one above the other and one idler roll 47.
  • the draw roll unit pulls the fabric through the weave set oven with the proper tension, and also feeds the fabric into padder 48.
  • Draw roll unit 45 is provided with a scray pan 49 which is used when the fabric is to be heat cleaned only. When heat cleaning only, the fablie is directed to a roll-up unit immediately after passing over the draw roll uni-t 45 and the scray pan is used when changing rolls at the roll-up unit.
  • Driven rolls 46, 46 may be rubber covered or may be stainless steel rolls which are water cooled to help resist the oxidation which normally takes place because of the elevated temperatures to which the draw roll unit is subjected.
  • Padder 48 comprises a guide roll 51, an immersion roll 52 disposed within dip pan 53-, expander roll 54 and a pair of padder rolls 55, 55.
  • the padder rolls are large diameter rubber covered rolls, the rubber having a Shore A durometer hardness of about 65.
  • the lowermost padder roll is partially submerged in the liquor contained in tank 56.
  • the uppermost padder roll is journalled in lever arms 57 which are pivoted at pivot point 58 and connected to air cylinders 59 through linkage 61.
  • the lower padder roll is driven by an electric motor 62 and drive chain 63 and the upper padder is free to turn on its own axis.
  • the finishing agent which may or not include a dye as applied by padder 48, is set on the fabric by passing the treated fabric 64 through drying oven 65.
  • the drying oven is provided with a plurality of chain-driven rolls 66, 66 over which the fabric passes in the required number of passes as it is being dried. After the fabric leaves the drying oven, it is directed to roll-up unit 67.
  • Roll 68 of the take-up section 69 is driven by electric motor 71 through drive belt 72.
  • the spindle of roll-up stand 73 is driven by motor 74 through drive belt 75.
  • a scray pan 70 is disposed between take-up section 69 and rollup unit 67 Take-up section 69 runs at a constant speed and feeds the fabric to roll-up stand 73. During the time required to remove full rolls of the finished product, the fabric is deposited in scray pan 70.
  • the speed of the rollup stand 73 varies as the roll size increases as this section is driven by a constant torque motor.
  • padder and one drying oven are shown, for many applications another padder and oven is inserted into the line between the drying oven and roll- 3 up unit 67 shown in FIGURE 1. Any number of padders or padders and ovens may be inserted as desired. Two, three or more successive padding and drying steps are sometimes used.
  • the production equipment as described has a central direct current controlled drive system for regulating the speed of the fabric from draw roll unit 45 to roll-up unit 67.
  • Rheostats are located at draw ro-ll unit 45, oven 65, padder 48 and roll-up unit 67 to control the speed of the fabric so that the tension can be finely adjusted at each unit.
  • Inner muifle 30 is provided with pipes 42, 42 which introduce the fluid into the inner muffle for controlling the atmosphere within the inner muflie.
  • Pipes 42, 42 are connected with a suitable supply of the fluid through interconnecting pipes.
  • a tank 37 of nitrogen is connected to both the upper and lower pipes 42, 42 as follows.
  • the gas passes from tank 37 through line 38 and then through parallel lines 39, 39 to the ends of pipe 42.
  • Line 39 has an enlarged portion 40 for heating the gas passing therethrough.
  • the enlarged portion 40 is heated by the hot gases within outer muffle 31 and in turn heats the nitrogen or other gas passing therethrough.
  • the systems serving the upper and lower pipes 42, 42 of inner muflie 31 are similar as will be discerned from FIGURES 2, 3, 4 and 5.
  • FIGURES 6 and 7 a modification of the inner muifle is shown.
  • the incoming fluid is heated as it passes through a meandering pipe which is bent back upon itself as shown in the drawings.
  • a meandering pipe which is bent back upon itself as shown in the drawings.
  • Such a setup provides greater surface area for transmission of heat to the incoming fluid.
  • This modification has been found advantageous also in that the entire inner muffle and the pipes which connect it with the source of supply of fluid can be moved from the entrance end to the exist end of the oven as may be desired. It is ad vanta-geous to move the inner muffle with respect to the outer rnufile when operating under certain conditions.
  • FIGURE 8 is shown a compact, electrically heated oven that is suitable for treating fabric at high rates of speed.
  • This oven comprises a refractory block lining. 77 having a rectangular opening 78 through which the fabric to be treated is advanced. About the lining 77 is wrapped an electrical heating coil 79 having terminal leads 81, 81. About the entire heating device is a layer of refractory cement 82.
  • Inlet pipe 83 introduces a fluid which does not support combustion into the opening 78 through which the fabric passes as it is being heated.
  • This compact apparatus is used to treat fabric at high rates of speed with great effectiveness.
  • the material which is volatilized from the surfaces of the glass fibers and strands within the fabric passes from the opening in the heating device and can be collected in any suitable manner or allowed to escape into the atmosphere.
  • a leader cloth constructed of fibrous glass and heavy glass cords is used.
  • a wooden shell or tube of leader cloth is placed on let-ofl. stand 11 and brake 17 is released.
  • the leader cloth is laced through the apparatus substantially following the path shown in FIGURE 1.
  • Metal hooks or the like are used to pull the leader cloth through Weave set oven 28.
  • draw roll unit 45 heavy glass cords which have been laced through the padder rolls 55, 55, drying oven 65, and rollup unit 67 are secured to the leader cloth.
  • weave set oven 28 and drying oven 65 are brought to operating temperature by lighting the gas burners in each.
  • the temperature of the weave set oven 28 may be from about 1100 to about 2000" F. or higher.
  • Drying oven 65 is maintained at a temperature of from about 200 to 400 F. and preferably from 275 to 375 F.
  • the finish or after treatment solutions are prepared and introduced into dip pan 53 and adjoining tank 56.
  • a suitable finish comprises the following ingredients in weight percent:
  • finish is added to dip pan 53 as required to replace that being applied to the fabric.
  • suitable finishes include those of US. Patent 2,686,- 737, issued August 17, 1954. Pigments and dyestuffs are added to the finish as desired.
  • the yarns from which the fabric is woven may be treated with such materials as the gelatin size disclosed in US. Patents 2,245,620 and 2,371,- 933, issued to Hans Stein'bach on June 17, 1941, and March 20, 1945, respectively.
  • the central drive is energized and the process is then commenced.
  • the fabric to be treated is advanced through weave set oven 28 by the action of draw roll unit 45. As the fabric comes up to the temperature of the oven, the components of the size composition upon the fabric volatilize off and the products of volatilization pass upwardly through stack 33 and out the entrance of the oven and thence through stack 36.
  • the fabric is entirely heat cleaned and weave set as it passes through the oven. Jets of nitrogen or other suitable fluid from pipes 42, 42 preferably are directed at a 45 angle toward the oncoming fabric as shown in FIGURE 5. A true white fabric is achieved.
  • This fabric 43 can then be dyed true color shades or if it remains undyed, a true white product is provided.
  • Air cylinders 59 are set so that the pressure on the padder rolls 55, 55 is proper.
  • the fabric is drawn through dip pan 53 and then through padder rolls 55, 55 which distribute the finishing agent throughout the fabric and remove the excess finish.
  • the excess finish is collected in tank 56 and is returned to dip pan 53 through a connecting tube.
  • the tension of the fabric between the draw roll unit 45 and padder 48 is controlled by adjusting the speed of the padder rolls 55, 55 with a rheostat which is a part of the DC. central drive system.
  • drying oven 65 moisture is removed from the finish on the fabric and the finish becomes set upon the fabric.
  • roll 14 When the need for a new roll arises, roll 14 is moved into contact with roll 13 and rolls 13 and 14 are speeded up to accumulate enough fabric in the scray pan 15 to allow time for the splicing operation. When the splice has been made, roll 14 is again moved to the open position and driven roll 13 is stopped. When treating fabric such as marquisette, pull rolls 13 and 14 are maintained in a closed or in contact position except when a splice is being made. A supply of fabric is maintained in the scray pan 15 at all times, the amount being controlled by adjusting the speed of pull rolls 13, 14. Heavy fabrics such as casement fabrics and staple fabrics are not folded in the scray pan 15 except when it is necessary to make a splice.
  • the fabric is passed through the Weave set oven and then through the first padder when an emulsion of polyethylacrylate and dye or other suitable finish is applied.
  • the fabric is then dried at a temperature of from 275 to 300 F. and a further treatment such as a dispersion of stearato chromic chloride is applied at the second padder and the fabric again dried.
  • a boucl fabric was advanced through the treating apparatus at a rate of 36 feet per minute and was heat cleaned to a white product using an oven temperature of 1220 F. Very satisfactory results were obtained under these conditions. No flame was used in carrying out the process.
  • Casement fabrics were treated at a feed rate of 40 feet per minute at oven temperatures of about 1200 F. with satisfactory results. Using similar temperatures in the oven, the feed rate was advanced to 50 feet per minute with a white fabric being produced. The feed rate can be increased it the temperature of the oven is increased. For instance, a casement fabric was treated at a rate of 67 feet per minute when the oven temperature was 1300" F. with very satisfactory results.
  • Marquisette fabric has been treated successfully at a feed rate of 120 feet per minute when the oven temperature is maintained at about 1350 F.
  • a casement fabric was fed through the oven at 80 feet per minute which is double the normal speed used in treating with equipment utilizing a flame.
  • the oven was maintained at a temperature of 1350 F. and it was found that the fabric treated was very white and had a bursting strength of 170 pounds, as measured by the Mullenburst test, as compared to normal strengths of 125 pounds obtained when cleaning with a flame.
  • the fabric had improved resistance to abrasion.
  • Nitrogen is a preferred gas to be used. Very satisfactory cleaning with attendant retention of good physical properties of the fabric is achieved by the use of nitrogen. Other gases and liquids can be used. These include helium, carbon dioxide, water and the like. Nitrogen can be satisfactorily supplied by disassociating ammonia and using, the nitrogen in the muffle and utilizing the hydrogen in any way desired.
  • Method of continuously heat cleaning and weave setting a glass yarn fabric comprising advancing a glass fabric having volatile, combustible materials on the surfaces of the fibers into a treating zone, heating said fabric while in said treating zone to a temperature sufficiently high to drive off all volatile materials from the surfaces of the fibers, exhausting the volatile materials from the treating zone in a direction opposed to the advancement of the fabric, introducing a fluid into the treating zone which will not support combustion, and removing the glass yarn fabric from the treating zone.
  • Method of heat cleaning a glass fabric comprising providing a heated treating zone through which fabric can be passed continuously, advancing glass fabric having combustible materials thereon into the treating zone at sufiicient speed to reduce the temperature and pressure at the entrance end of the treating zone, introducing a fiuid which will not support combustion into said treating Zone at a rate s-ufiicient to prevent combustion, exhausting combustible and non-combustible materials from the entrance end of said treating zone, and removing the heat cleaned fabric from the exit end of said treating zone.
  • Flameless cleaning of a glass fiber fabric comprising advancing a fabric having volatile, combustible materials on the surfaces of the fibers into a treating zone, heating the confined fabric in the treating zone to a temperature sufficiently high to drive oif all volatile materials from the fibers, exhausting the volatile materials from the treating Zone in a direction opposed to the advancement of the fabric, introducing an inert gas into the treating zone to prevent self-ignition within the treating zone and to purge the volatile materials from the treating zone, and removing the heat cleaned fabric from the treating zone.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US657923A 1957-05-08 1957-05-08 Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass Expired - Lifetime US3008846A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE567411D BE567411A (it) 1957-05-08
US657923A US3008846A (en) 1957-05-08 1957-05-08 Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass
US67099A US3096970A (en) 1957-05-08 1960-11-03 Apparatus for treating fibrous glass

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US657923A US3008846A (en) 1957-05-08 1957-05-08 Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3008846A true US3008846A (en) 1961-11-14

Family

ID=24639197

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US657923A Expired - Lifetime US3008846A (en) 1957-05-08 1957-05-08 Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3008846A (it)
BE (1) BE567411A (it)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3065103A (en) * 1957-12-30 1962-11-20 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for cleaning and coating fibrous glass
US3253897A (en) * 1960-05-23 1966-05-31 Stevens & Co Inc J P Heat cleaning of fibrous glass fabrics
US3289265A (en) * 1963-06-20 1966-12-06 Bancroft & Sons Co J Spun glass crimper
US3352654A (en) * 1960-06-20 1967-11-14 Hitco Method for heat treatment of vitreous fibers
US3355314A (en) * 1964-05-21 1967-11-28 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Coating method for glass fabric and product thereof
US3502456A (en) * 1968-09-06 1970-03-24 Gas Heat Eng Corp Method and apparatus for heat cleaning glass fiber fabric
US3748176A (en) * 1971-09-03 1973-07-24 Honeywell Inf Systems Thermo-reclaiming process of aluminum substrates for disks

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2288980A (en) * 1941-10-30 1942-07-07 Gen Properties Company Inc Method of cleaning metals
US2450047A (en) * 1946-10-18 1948-09-28 Kloeckener Fritz Fabric
US2602653A (en) * 1948-07-06 1952-07-08 Electric Furnace Co Bright strip annealing apparatus
US2608499A (en) * 1946-09-12 1952-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat treated glass fabric
US2623549A (en) * 1949-04-21 1952-12-30 Research Corp Radiant-energy-opaque fabric
US2633428A (en) * 1949-01-22 1953-03-31 Alexander H Kerr & Company Inc Process of removing size from glass fibers and the subsequent coating thereof
US2665125A (en) * 1949-01-22 1954-01-05 Alexander H Kerr And Company I Apparatus for the heat treatment of fabrics
US2667568A (en) * 1949-06-20 1954-01-26 Ferier Albert Apparatus for treating glass fiber cloth
US2845364A (en) * 1954-03-01 1958-07-29 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Process for burning size from glass fabric and coating the resulting fabric
US2868669A (en) * 1954-09-02 1959-01-13 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of cleaning and coating sized glass fabric
US2916889A (en) * 1955-07-14 1959-12-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Automatic purging of liquid methane tanks

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2288980A (en) * 1941-10-30 1942-07-07 Gen Properties Company Inc Method of cleaning metals
US2608499A (en) * 1946-09-12 1952-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat treated glass fabric
US2450047A (en) * 1946-10-18 1948-09-28 Kloeckener Fritz Fabric
US2602653A (en) * 1948-07-06 1952-07-08 Electric Furnace Co Bright strip annealing apparatus
US2633428A (en) * 1949-01-22 1953-03-31 Alexander H Kerr & Company Inc Process of removing size from glass fibers and the subsequent coating thereof
US2665125A (en) * 1949-01-22 1954-01-05 Alexander H Kerr And Company I Apparatus for the heat treatment of fabrics
US2623549A (en) * 1949-04-21 1952-12-30 Research Corp Radiant-energy-opaque fabric
US2667568A (en) * 1949-06-20 1954-01-26 Ferier Albert Apparatus for treating glass fiber cloth
US2845364A (en) * 1954-03-01 1958-07-29 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Process for burning size from glass fabric and coating the resulting fabric
US2868669A (en) * 1954-09-02 1959-01-13 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of cleaning and coating sized glass fabric
US2916889A (en) * 1955-07-14 1959-12-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Automatic purging of liquid methane tanks

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3065103A (en) * 1957-12-30 1962-11-20 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for cleaning and coating fibrous glass
US3253897A (en) * 1960-05-23 1966-05-31 Stevens & Co Inc J P Heat cleaning of fibrous glass fabrics
US3352654A (en) * 1960-06-20 1967-11-14 Hitco Method for heat treatment of vitreous fibers
US3289265A (en) * 1963-06-20 1966-12-06 Bancroft & Sons Co J Spun glass crimper
US3355314A (en) * 1964-05-21 1967-11-28 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Coating method for glass fabric and product thereof
US3502456A (en) * 1968-09-06 1970-03-24 Gas Heat Eng Corp Method and apparatus for heat cleaning glass fiber fabric
US3748176A (en) * 1971-09-03 1973-07-24 Honeywell Inf Systems Thermo-reclaiming process of aluminum substrates for disks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE567411A (it)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPH07145552A (ja) コーティングされていないテクニカル織布を製造する方法
US3042568A (en) Method and apparatus for the manufacture of laminated fabric belting
US3785179A (en) Apparatus for application of dyes and/or chemicals to fabrics, webs, strands of yarn, or other material
US3008846A (en) Method for flameless heat cleaning fibrous glass
US3149003A (en) Apparatus for treating endless fabrics
US4586934A (en) Process and apparatus for coloring textile yarns
US2624934A (en) Method of and apparatus for heat treatment of filamentary material
CA1239782A (en) Method of and apparatus for thermally treating fiber yarns
US2589344A (en) Method of and apparatus for treating tubular textile fabrics
JPH01111062A (ja) なわ状繊維材料を連続的に処理、特に染色するための方法および装置
US3065103A (en) Method for cleaning and coating fibrous glass
US3273987A (en) Coating fibrous glass yarns
US2712170A (en) Treatment of textile fabrics
US3096970A (en) Apparatus for treating fibrous glass
US3253897A (en) Heat cleaning of fibrous glass fabrics
US2868669A (en) Method of cleaning and coating sized glass fabric
US2450022A (en) Cloth finishing
US3688354A (en) Method of handling and processing open width fabric
US4167600A (en) Superficially dyed fabrics
EP0322080A1 (en) Yarn dyeing process
JPH10317269A (ja) セルロース系丸編み物の連続染色方法及び装置
US2665125A (en) Apparatus for the heat treatment of fabrics
US3418065A (en) Method for high temperature dyeing
US2970934A (en) Desizing glass fabrics and desized product
EP0003252A1 (en) Method for manufacturing continuous coil slide fasteners