Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
  • D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
  • Y10T442/2393—Coating or impregnation provides crease-resistance or wash and wear characteristics

Definitions

• This invention relates to improvements in the treatment with synthetic resins of linen textile fabrics manufactured wholly or partly from flax.
• the condensation of formaldehyde with urea to produce a resin-forming condensation product is customarily carried out in the presence of a quantity of a solution in water of ammonia having a specific gravity of 0.88, equivalent to 8.8% by weightcalculated on the weight of urea, as condensing agent.
• a quantity of ammonia is used in preparing the resin-forming condensation product from formaldehyle and urea in the molecular proportion of 1.6:1
• one tenth of the quantity of formaldehyde combines with the ammonia and is prevented from combining with the urea, and the equivalent proportions will be different if larger or smaller quantities of ammonia or no condensing agent, or a condensing agent other than ammonia, is used.
• a molecular proportion of formaldehyde to urea of 1:6;1 in the presence of a quantity of a solution in water of ammonia havinga specific gravity of 0.88, equivalent to 8.8% by weight calculated on the weight of urea is equivalent to a molecular proportion of 1.6 9/10:l, i.e. 1.44:1 where no condensing agent, or a condensing agent other than ammonia, is used.
• the proportion of formaldehyde which is prevented from combining with the urea compared with the total quantity of formaldehyde present is less than one tenth in simple proportion.
• a process for the production of a linen textile fabric having thermosetting synthetic resin within and substantially not beween the fibers in which the fabric is, in a first stage, impregnated with a low-viscosity resin-forming condensa tion product, which penetrates Within the fibers of the fabric, formed from urea and formaldehyde in the molecular proportion of formaldehyde to urea between the limits of 1.4:1 and 2.521 inclusive and containing an acidic or potentially acidic catalyst, the fabric then being heated to form such resin and thereafter being subjected to a swelling, or swelling and shrinking, process as set forth in our U.S. Patent :No.
• the fabric in a second stage, is further impregnated with a low-viscosity resin-forming condensation product, which penetrates within the fibers of the fabric, formed from urea and formaldehyde in the molecular proportion of formaldehyde to urea between the limits 1.4:1 and 2.521 inclusive and containing an acidic or potentially acidic catalyst, the fabric again being heated to form such resin without thereafter being subjected to a swelling, or swelling and shrinking, process, the amount of resin formed in the fabric as a result of the first stage impregnation and remaining in the fabric after the swelling, or swelling and shrinking, process being between the limits of 1% and 13% inclusive, the amount of resin formed in the fabric as a result of the second stage impregnation being between the limits 1% to 9% inclusive, and the total amount of resin in the fabric being between the limits of 4% and 18% inclusive, the percentage resin contents being calculated on the weight of the dry fabric before treatment and the molecular proportions of formaldeh
• linen fabric with resin-forming condensation product in two stages of which only the first stage includes a subsequent swelling, or swelling and shrinking, process, to obtain better dry crease-resisting properties than are :obtained by the same quantity of resin insolubilised in a single stage which includes such subsequent swelling, or
• the total amount of resin formed on the fabric should be at least 7%, or better at least 9%.
• Linen fabrics which have not been mercerized and which have received the first resin treatment and then 4 been subjected to a swelling, or swelling and shrinking, process, may then be dyed.
• a better colour yield is frequently obtained in comparison with the same fabric which has been dyed before resin treatment, thereby reducing dyestuff costs, and since the fabrics are not subsequently subjected to a severe caustic alkali treatment the range of dyestufis which may be used is increased.
• the treatment of linen fabrics according to this invention may include treatment with a lubricating agent for example as described in our British application No. 31150/55, filed November 1, 1955.
• Suitable lubricating agents are a methylol derivative of a condensation product of a higher fatty acid chloride with a polyethylene polyamine sold under the trade name Sapamine WP, or a dimethylol stearyl melamine sold under the trade name Phobotex PT.
• the resin may be formed in either or both stages of the treatment in atmospheres containing more than 50% of superheated steam, for example as described in our prior U.S. specification No. 529,774, filed August 22, 1955, now U.S. Patent 2,859,136.
• the catalyst present in the impregnating mixtures may be a weak acid, such as tartaric acid, or a potential acid, such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, which liberates acid on heating in the presence of the impregnating mixture.
• a weak acid such as tartaric acid
• a potential acid such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
• such catalyst is preferably one which does not develop sufiicient acidity during the low temperature drying to form more than a very small proportion of the total resin formed on the fabric to ensure that as much as possible of the resin is formed in the presence of superheated steam.
• the low viscosity resin forming condensation products formed from urea and formaldehyde which are used in the present invention may be alkylated to form alkylated methylol ureas and then used to impregnate linen textile fabrics according to the present invention.
• linen textile fabric we mean fabric containing at least 25% by weight of flax.
• the present invention therefore includes the treatment of mixture fabrics containing at least 25% by weight of flax and also containing other cellulosic fibre such as cotton or regenerated cellulose or non-cellulosic fibres such as nylon.
• EXAMPLE 1 2 gallons of aqueous formaldehyde solution containing 40 grammes of formaldehyde per ccs. of solution, 10 lb. of urea (molecular proportion of formaldehyde to urea 1.621) and 40S ccs. of ammonia (specific gravity 0.88) were allowed to stand at room temperature until the mixture reached equilibrium in density and viscosity. This mixture was diluted until the density was 19 Tw. (approximately 5% gallons).
• Mixture A was further diluted with water until its density was 7 Tw., Mixture B.
• the fabric was then squeezed and whilst still wet run into a bath of 65 Tw. caustic soda. It was then lightly squeeied so as to leave caustic soda on the fabric and was allowed to stand without tension either in warp or Wait far minutes during which time it was allowed to shrink in both direc tions. The fabric was then washed with water over a r'nercerizing stenter until neutral and dried on stem heated cylinders. At this stage the fabric contained 4.7% of resin.
• Second stage impregnation The treated fabric was then impregnated with Mixture B, dried and heated in the same way as iii the first stage impregnation. It was then washed at 80 C. for 30 seconds in /2% soda ash, washed in water and mangled and passed through a bath containing 1% of a mixture of 3 parts of stearin to l of bora'x, and dried on steam heated cylinders. It was then damped with water and cold and calendered and finished on a controlled compressive shrinkage machine.
• the fabric was treated with a further 4.3% of resin and the total resin content of the finished fabric was 9.0%.
• the finished fabric showed excellent dry crease-resistance and dresses made of the fabric could be worn, washed, squeezed free of excess water and when dried by hanging on a clothes hanger they could be worn without being ironed.
• the fabric had these properties to a greater degree than a similar fabric treated so as to contain 9.0% of resin by a single impregnation followed by a swelling and shrinkage treatment.
• Specimen strips of the fabric under test are cut in both warp and weft directions. These are weadom, squeezed through a small domestic mangle, and inserted in the crease maker in order to forth a sharp double crease. The specimen is next dried for half an hohr and during drying the crease inserted iii the wet fabric diminishes. The S.D. I. figni're is obtained from the extent of this recovery and it indicates 'the ability of the fabric to recover from creases formed during hormal domestic washing.
• EXAMPLE 2 Different samples of a fabric as in Example 1 were treated as described in Example 1, but suitable adjustments were made in the quantities of urea and formaldehyde used and in the extent of dilution of the partially condensed mixture, to form on the samples different quantities of resin. Mangle adjustment so as to leave about of liquor on the fabric after impreg- I claim:
• a process for improving the crease resisting and smooth drying properties of a linen textile fabric contain ing at least 25% by weight of flax comprising the steps of impregnating said fabric with a low viscosity resin forming solution comprising formaldehyde, urea and a catalyst for the reaction of said formaldehyde and said urea, the molecular proportion of said formaldehyde to '7 said urea being from 1.4:1 to 2.5 :1, applying heat to the impregnated fabric to insolubilize the ureaformaldehyde reaction product-within-the fibres of the fabric,
• said fabric having a urea-formaldehyde resin content of from 1 to 13% inclusive based on the weight of the dry fabric prior to treatment, further impregnating said treated fabric with said low viscosity resin-forming solution, heating said impregnated fabric to insolubilize additional ureaformaldehyde resin within the fibres of said fabric, said additional resin being present in an amount of from 1 to 9% based upon the'weight of the dry fabric, the total weight of the resin on the fabric being within the range of 4 to 18% inclusive, said fabric being held in a flat .position after each of said impregnating steps while said resin is being insolubilized thereon.
• a process for improving the crease resisting and smooth drying properties of a linen textile fabric containing at least 25% by weight of flax comprisingthe steps of impregnating said fabric with a low viscosity resin-forming aqueous solution comprising formaldehyde, urea and a catalyst for the reaction of said formaldehyde and said urea, the molecular proportion of said formaldehyde to said urea being from 1.4:1 to 20:1,
• said fabric having a ur ea-formaldehyde resin content of from 3 to 8% inclusive based on the weight of the dry fabric prior to treatment, further impregnating said treated fabric with said low viscosity resin-forming solution, heating said impregnated fabric to insolubilize additional urea-formaldehyde resin, said additional resin being within the range of 3 to 6% based upon the weight of the dry fabric, the total weight of the resin on the fabric being within the range of 6 to 14% inclusive, said fabric being held in a flat position after each of said impregnating steps while said resin is being insolubilized thereon.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9994644

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (6)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 0
  • NL NL109573D patent/NL109573C/xx active
  • BE BE556699D patent/BE556699A/xx unknown
  • NL NL216480D patent/NL216480A/xx unknown
• 1956
  • 1956-04-19 GB GB1189656A patent/GB871105A/en not_active Expired
• 1957
  • 1957-04-17 DE DET13499A patent/DE1109134B/de active Pending
  • 1957-04-18 ES ES0234979A patent/ES234979A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1957-04-18 FR FR736746A patent/FR1214826A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1957-04-19 US US65376057 patent/US2988416A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (5)

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