US2986011A - Cold liquid storage tank - Google Patents

Cold liquid storage tank Download PDF

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Publication number
US2986011A
US2986011A US805159A US80515959A US2986011A US 2986011 A US2986011 A US 2986011A US 805159 A US805159 A US 805159A US 80515959 A US80515959 A US 80515959A US 2986011 A US2986011 A US 2986011A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tank
column
liquid
housing
tanks
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US805159A
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English (en)
Inventor
John A Murphy
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Conch International Methane Ltd
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Conch International Methane Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL112946D priority Critical patent/NL112946C/xx
Priority to BE589567D priority patent/BE589567A/fr
Application filed by Conch International Methane Ltd filed Critical Conch International Methane Ltd
Priority to US805159A priority patent/US2986011A/en
Priority to GB9471/60A priority patent/GB869130A/en
Priority to FR823060A priority patent/FR1253564A/fr
Priority to ES0256985A priority patent/ES256985A1/es
Priority to DE1960C0021182 priority patent/DE1191245C2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2986011A publication Critical patent/US2986011A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0138—Shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0379—Manholes or access openings for human beings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/061—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/918—Spacing element for separating the walls of a spaced-wall container
    • Y10S220/92—Shock absorbing spacing element, e.g. spring

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the storage and transportation of a liquid adapted to be maintained at subatmo'spheric temperatures, and it relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of insulated tanks of large capacity for use in the storage and transportation of a liquid which is adapted to be maintained at extremely low temperatures, such as at or below the boiling point temperature of a liquefied gas such as natural gas.
  • the objective is to make the excess gas at a source of plentiful supply available to the areas where deficiencies exist, thereby to make economical utilization of the less expensive natural gases otherwise wasted while conserving the supply of coal and the cost of manufacturing gas therefrom.
  • the source of plentiful supply is connected by land with the area where a deficiency exists, and where the demand in such is sufiicient, the natural gas can be transferred by pipeline from one area to the other while being maintained in the gaseous state.
  • the principal problem arises where the source of plentiful supply is separated by water or by great distances from the area where deficiencies exist, such that pipeline transmission becomes impractical.
  • the program which has been developed resides in the liquefaction of the natural gas at the source of plentiful supply whereby the gas is reduced in volume by a ratio of 600 to l.
  • the liquefied gas can be transported in suitable containers from the source of plentiful supply to the area where deficiencies exist so that the liquefied gas can be reconverted from the liquefied to the gaseous state for use.
  • One of the principal problems resides in the construction and arrangement vof suitable containers or tanks for use in the storage and transportation of such liquefied natural gases. For practical operation, it becomes desirable to provide means fo'r the storage and transportation of large volumes of liquefied gas.
  • tanks of suiiicient Wall thicknes for housing the liquid under pressure for transportation at reasonable temperature cannot be employed, at least from a practical or economical standpoint.
  • the temperature of storage and transportation of the liquefied natural gas which is composed mostly of methane, will be within the range of about -240 F. to 258 F.
  • means must be provided in the form of a blow-case pump located in the bottom of the tank for removal of liquid by the slow process of alternating pressure for liquid displacement with release of pressure for enabling liquid to ow into the blow-case.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevational view schematically setting forth the construction and arrangement of a tank embodying the features of this invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic elevational view of the arrange-- ment of a cluster of tanks.
  • illustration is made of a ship constructed with an outer hull 12 and an inner hull 14 spaced inwardly a short distance from the outer hull but interconnected therewith to provide a rigid construction having an open space 16 therebetween which may be subdivided into wing tanks through which ballast water can be circulated for proper operation of the ship or through which heat exchange fluid can be introduced for maintaining proper control of temperature of the inner hull, or to protect transfer of cold to the outer hull.
  • the hold space Within the inner hull can be further subdivided into separate hold spaces by cofferdams 18 extending crosswise of the ship.
  • the inner surfaces of the walls of the inner hull and the cotferdams are lined with a relatively thick layer 20 of thermal insulating material to provide insulated hold spaces in which one or more tanks 22 can be located for Vthe storage and transportation of the liquefied gas 24.
  • the liquid storage tank is constructed of aluminum, stainless steel or the like metal which is capable of retaining its strength and ductility when reduced to temperatures in the range of liquefied gas, and of a strength sufficient to retain the hydrostatic load under conditions of use.
  • the inner and outer hull of the ship may be ⁇ constructed of conventional ships steel although certain advantages are to be derived when the inner hull 14 is constructed of a metal or material, the strength of which is not adversely affected by the cold of the liquid, thereby to enable the inner hull to function as a secondary container in the event of failure of any of the containers 22.
  • the insulation is composed of a material of low heat ⁇ conductivity but it is preferred to construct the floor 26 of an insulation material having structural strength, such as balsa,
  • the tanks 22 may be of cylindrical or curvilinear shape in cross-section, but it is preferred to make use of tanks of prismatic shape, such as of square or rectangular shape, for fuller utilization of the insulated space available in the ship. It will be understood that the construction described can be adapted for use in other transportation means or even for land storage of the liquefied gas, although more of the problems arise in ship transportation and storage, as will hereinafter appear.
  • FIG 2 illustration is made of the construction and arrangement of a tank 22 embodying the features of this invention and dimensioned to have a capacity to hold many thousands of barrels of liquid.
  • the tank of round, square, rectangular, triangular or other prismatic shape, has a top wall 28, a bottom wall 30, and side walls 32 secured one to the other in sealing relation to provide a concealed space therebetween.
  • Extending vertically through the central access of the tank is a column 34, preferably in the form of a tubular member of cylindrical or polygonal shape, dimensioned to have a height greater than the height of the liquid-holding portion of the tank to project a short distance below and above the top and bottom walls to provide a bottom extension 36 and a top extension 38.
  • the column is dimensioned in cross-section to provide a space suicient to permit passage of men and equipment downwardly therethrough.
  • the walls 40 defining the column are constructed of a metal similar to that of the tank walls 2S, 30 and 32, and the walls of the column are joined to the adjacent walls of the tank, as by welding or the like, to provide a sealing relationship therebetween and to isolate the interior of the column from the liquid in the tank.
  • the inner surface of the column is covered with a layer 42 of insulation material to minimize the rate of transmission of heat or cold, thereby to minimize heat loss into the liquid and to permit heating up of the column for enabling a person to operate therein. It will be apparent that considerably less insulation is required on the walls of the column by comparison with the insulation of the hold space since access to the interior of the column will be required on very few occasions and, on such occasions, warm air can be circulated through the column to provide a safe temperature without excessive heat loss into the tank.
  • the pump 44 for the displacement of liquid from the tank is located within the column, preferably adjacent the bottom thereof, and the drive 46, in the form of an electrical motor or turbine drive or the like, can be located adjacent the pump for operation thereof.
  • a pipe 48 connects the inlet of the pump with the outlet opening 50 at the bottom of the liquid storage space of the tank for transmission of liquid from the storage space to the pump.
  • the pipe is provided with a ⁇ flexible coupling S2 to permit expansions and contractions due to temperature change and it is also adapted to be provided with a valve l5'4 capable of remote control for opening and closing.
  • the outlet of the pump communicates with a pipe for discharge of liquid from the tank through a section of pipe 56 which extends upwardly from the pump through the column to beyond the liquid storage space. From there it may continue upwardly through the top of the column, but it is preferred to have the outlet pipe extend through the side wall of the column at a level to be protected by the insulation 58 covering the tank.
  • the elements previously extending downwardly through the trunk may now extend through the column for passage laterally through the column into the liquid storage space of the tank.
  • the top of the column is provided with a manhole 60 for access to the interior thereof.
  • the portions 38 and 36 of the column can function as means for stabilization of the tank within the insulated space.
  • the portion 36 of the column which extends downwardly beyond the bottom wall 30 of the tank can function as a key adapted to be received in a keyway 62 provided in the insulating floor 26 on which the tank is supported.
  • the key and keyway sections dene the stabilized position of the tank while permitting outer portions of the tank to shift in the direction toward and away from the keyway in response to expansions and contractions due to temperature change.
  • the portion 38 ⁇ of the column extending upwardly beyond the top wall of the tank is similarly capable of functioning as a key adapted to be received within the keyway 64 provided in the top wall of the insulation or other bracket, thereby to stabilize the position at the top of the tank.
  • the portion of the extension 38 adapted to be received in operative engagement in the keyway 64 is dimensioned to have a length greater than the amount of contraction calculated to take place when the tank is reduced in temperature from about 100 F. to 258 F. so that the tank will be free to expand or contract vertically relative to the ships structure without disengagement of the key from the keyway, thereby to permit independent movement of the tank in all directions in response to expansion ⁇ and contraction without movement of the tank from a predetermined position.
  • the interior of the insulated column will normally be at a temperature considerably higher than that of ther liquid in the tank so that less trouble will be encountered in the loperation of the pump due to seizure or freezing responsive to temperature change.
  • the pump can be removed from the assembly without the necessity of tirst removing all of the liquid from the tank and thereafter inerting the tank after it has reached ambient tempera-
  • substantially complete drainage of liquid from the tank This provides for complete removal of liquid to enable utilization of the tank for other purposes during the return voyage without loss of product and without waste of time for complete elimination of the liquefied gas. It also enables removal of the liquid from the tank to a level beyond that heretofore achieved even by the blow-case pump, thereby to eliminate the need for such auxiliary pumping means and the corresponding supporting equipment and piping.
  • Such additional piping may include the inlet pipes for filling the tanks, vapor pipes forventing the tanks and the like.
  • the tanks may be interconnected one to another adjacent thereto by pipes or passages 70 provided with remote control valves 72 whereby ow of liquid into and out of one tank will operate to control liquid level in adjacent tanks, such that all tanks can be drained or lled from one or more columnar tanks of the type embodying the features of this invention.
  • This construction is schematically illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the centralized column operates materially to increase the strength of the tank such that tanks of still larger capacity can be constructed, thereby actually to reduce the cost and increase the utilization of available space for the storage and transportation of liquid.
  • the central column can be used as a support for stilieners, as represented by horizontally disposed beams or plates 74 secured at their outer edges to the column walls in vertically spaced-apart relation.
  • Such stiieners serve to increase the strength and rigidity of the entire tank structure and they are capable also of functioning as swashbuckle plates, thereby to permit the design of tanks of much larger capacity.
  • the rocking movement of the tank may be slowed as by means of a resilient member packed between the column and the rigid supporting structure, as illustrated by a foamed rubber or the like.
  • a tank of large capacity ⁇ for the storage of a liquid at a temperature considerably below ambient temperature comprising within a rigid support a housing of large capacity, a column extending downwardly through a central portion of the housing from the top to the bottom and free of any rigid attachment to the support, the walls of the housing and column being formed of a structurally strong uid and vapor impervious material which retains strength and ductility at the temperature of the cold liquid and which are joined in sealing relationship to isolate the interior of the column from the remainder of the housing wherein thel liquid is stored, an insulation lining the inner surface of the column, uid displacement means located within the base of the column, a passage communicating the base of the housing with the uid displacement means for the removal of liquid from the housing, another passage communicating the fluid displacement means with a receiver for the liquid outside of the housing and means for actuating said uid displacement means for the transfer of liquid from the housing to the receiver, and an insulated loor for support of the housing, said column being dimensioned to extend beyond the ⁇
  • a tank as claimed in claim 1 which includes means for enabling heat to be introduced into the column to raise the temperature therein to safe temperature for habitation.
  • a tank as claimed in claim l which includes means to enable removal of the displacement means from the base of the column.
  • a tank as claimed in claim l in which additional housings are present for the storage of liquid and which includes means communicating the bottom portions of the other housings with the bottom portion of the housing having the column therethrough.
  • a tank of large capacity for the storage of a liquid at a temperature considerably below ambient temperature within a rigid support comprising a housing of large capacity, a column extending downwardly through aY central portion of the housing from the top to the bottom and dimensioned to have a height greater than the height of the housing to have portions extending beyond Athe top and bottom walls of the housing, the Walls of the housing and the column being formed of a structurally strong, uid and vapor impervious material which retains strength and ductility at the temperature of the cold liquid and which are joined in sealing relationship to isolate the interior of the column from the remainder of the housing wherein the liquid is stored, an insulation lining the inner surface of the column, fluid displacement means located within the base of the column, a passage communicating the base ofthe housing with the fluid displacementmeans for removal of liquid from the housing, another passage communicating the uid displacement means with a receiver for the liquid outside of the housing, means for actuating said uid displacement means for the transfer of Aliquid from the housing to the receiver, and a
  • a tank as claimed in claim 6 which includes means operatively engaging the portion of the column extending upwardly beyond the top wall of the housing to hold the column against relative crosswise movement while permitting relativevertical movement responsive to expansion and contraction due to temperature change.
  • a tank of large capacity for the storage of a liquid at a temperature considerably below ambient temperature within a ⁇ rigid ⁇ support comprising a housing of large capacity, a column extending downwardly through a central portion of the housing from the top to the bottom and free of any rigid attachment to the support, the column being dimensioned Vto have a length greater than the length of the housing to provide a portion which extends upwardly from 'the top wall of the housing, the walls of thehousing Vand column being formed of a structurally strong fluid and vapor impervious material which retains strength and ductility at the temperature of the cold liquid and which are joined'in sealing relationship to isolate the interior of the column from the remainder ofthe housing wherein the liquid is stored, an insulation lining the inner surface of thecolummuid displacement means located within the base Aof the column, a passage communicating the base of the housing with the uid displacement means Vfor the removal of liquid from the housing, another passage vcommunicating the uid displacement means with a receiver for the liquid outside of
  • a tank as claimed in claim8 which includes means in the portion of the column extending upwardly beyond the top wall of the housing for gaining access to the interior thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US805159A 1959-04-09 1959-04-09 Cold liquid storage tank Expired - Lifetime US2986011A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL112946D NL112946C (fi) 1959-04-09
BE589567D BE589567A (fi) 1959-04-09
US805159A US2986011A (en) 1959-04-09 1959-04-09 Cold liquid storage tank
GB9471/60A GB869130A (en) 1959-04-09 1960-03-17 Cold liquid storage tank
FR823060A FR1253564A (fr) 1959-04-09 1960-03-31 Réservoir d'emmagasinage d'un liquide froid
ES0256985A ES256985A1 (es) 1959-04-09 1960-03-31 Perfeccionamientos en depësitos para almacenar liquidos a temperaturas muy inferiores a la ambiente
DE1960C0021182 DE1191245C2 (de) 1959-04-09 1960-04-09 Schiff zum Lagern und Transportieren verfluessigter Gase bei etwa Atmosphaerendruck

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US805159A US2986011A (en) 1959-04-09 1959-04-09 Cold liquid storage tank

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2986011A true US2986011A (en) 1961-05-30

Family

ID=25190817

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US805159A Expired - Lifetime US2986011A (en) 1959-04-09 1959-04-09 Cold liquid storage tank

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2986011A (fi)
BE (1) BE589567A (fi)
DE (1) DE1191245C2 (fi)
ES (1) ES256985A1 (fi)
FR (1) FR1253564A (fi)
GB (1) GB869130A (fi)
NL (1) NL112946C (fi)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3092063A (en) * 1960-10-05 1963-06-04 Anciens Chantiers Dubigeon Sa Construction of liquefied gas carriers
US3145680A (en) * 1961-02-24 1964-08-25 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Transport of liquefied gases
US3155266A (en) * 1960-05-21 1964-11-03 Conch Int Methane Ltd Container with a flexible inner tank
US3158459A (en) * 1960-03-22 1964-11-24 & Chantiers De La Seine Mariti Self-discharging container for conveying and storing low temperature fluids or othermaterials
US3159004A (en) * 1961-08-22 1964-12-01 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Transportation of liquefied natural gas
US3207353A (en) * 1961-10-20 1965-09-21 Union Carbide Corp Cryogenic liquid storage containers
US3213632A (en) * 1960-03-07 1965-10-26 California Texas Oil Corp Ship for transporting liquefied gases and other liquids
US3214927A (en) * 1963-06-10 1965-11-02 Oivind Lorentzen Draining fluid from storage containers
US3272375A (en) * 1965-03-03 1966-09-13 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for cryogenic liquid storage containers
US3283734A (en) * 1964-12-28 1966-11-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Externally insulated hull structure
US3352123A (en) * 1966-02-21 1967-11-14 Mcmullen John J System for cooling, transporting and warming up double barrier liquefied gas cargo tanks
US3357195A (en) * 1966-04-25 1967-12-12 Mcmullen John J Liquefied gas tanker
US3411654A (en) * 1965-08-03 1968-11-19 Voest Ag Liquid storage tank installation
US3875886A (en) * 1972-04-28 1975-04-08 Gen Dynamics Corp Liquified-gas ship
US4129146A (en) * 1977-05-13 1978-12-12 General Dynamics Corporation Liquefied gas tank and method of filling
US20080006743A1 (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Miller Gerald D Long endurance hydrogen powered vehicle
US20090095017A1 (en) * 2001-12-14 2009-04-16 Alan Edgar John Bliault Floating hydrocarbon treating plant
US20100058780A1 (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-03-11 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Liquefied Gas Storage Tank and Marine Structure Including the Same
WO2011101461A1 (en) * 2010-02-22 2011-08-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Hydrocarbon processing vessel and method
US20150033769A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2015-02-05 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Pump tower installation structure of liquefied natural gas storage tank and manufacturing method thereof
US20150135733A1 (en) * 2011-12-05 2015-05-21 Blue Wave Co S.A. Inspectable Containers for the Transport by Sea of Compressed Natural Gas, Fitted with a Manhole for Internal Access

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1263038B (de) * 1961-01-23 1968-03-14 Conch Int Methane Ltd Pumpeinrichtung fuer in einem Tank gespeicherte tiefkalte Fluessiggase
GB1002484A (en) * 1964-08-10 1965-08-25 Conch Int Methane Ltd Improvements in and relating to liquefied gas tankers
DE1272155B (de) * 1967-01-14 1968-07-04 Weser Ag Frachtschiff mit in seinen Laderaeumen angeordneten Fluessigkeitsbehaeltern

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GB121513A (en) * 1917-12-17 1918-12-17 Arthur Douglas Thompson Improvements in or relating to Liquid Containers.
US1947515A (en) * 1933-09-21 1934-02-20 R D Cole Mfg Co Elevated tank
US2600015A (en) * 1947-06-02 1952-06-10 George F Mclaughlin Storage system for pressurized fluids
DE1034499B (de) * 1956-03-12 1958-07-17 Iaweseria Ag Frachtschiff fuer fluessige Gase

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US2061013A (en) * 1935-03-11 1936-11-17 Parkhill Wade Inc Apparatus for dispensing highly volatile liquids
FR847844A (fr) * 1937-12-28 1939-10-17 Dispositif d'alimentation en carburants
DE966655C (de) * 1953-04-22 1957-08-29 Knapsack Ag Verfahren zur Regelung des Dampfdruckes in Fluessiggas-Behaeltern
NL124440C (fi) * 1956-05-07

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB121513A (en) * 1917-12-17 1918-12-17 Arthur Douglas Thompson Improvements in or relating to Liquid Containers.
US1947515A (en) * 1933-09-21 1934-02-20 R D Cole Mfg Co Elevated tank
US2600015A (en) * 1947-06-02 1952-06-10 George F Mclaughlin Storage system for pressurized fluids
DE1034499B (de) * 1956-03-12 1958-07-17 Iaweseria Ag Frachtschiff fuer fluessige Gase

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3213632A (en) * 1960-03-07 1965-10-26 California Texas Oil Corp Ship for transporting liquefied gases and other liquids
US3158459A (en) * 1960-03-22 1964-11-24 & Chantiers De La Seine Mariti Self-discharging container for conveying and storing low temperature fluids or othermaterials
US3155266A (en) * 1960-05-21 1964-11-03 Conch Int Methane Ltd Container with a flexible inner tank
US3092063A (en) * 1960-10-05 1963-06-04 Anciens Chantiers Dubigeon Sa Construction of liquefied gas carriers
US3145680A (en) * 1961-02-24 1964-08-25 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Transport of liquefied gases
US3159004A (en) * 1961-08-22 1964-12-01 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Transportation of liquefied natural gas
US3207353A (en) * 1961-10-20 1965-09-21 Union Carbide Corp Cryogenic liquid storage containers
US3214927A (en) * 1963-06-10 1965-11-02 Oivind Lorentzen Draining fluid from storage containers
US3283734A (en) * 1964-12-28 1966-11-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Externally insulated hull structure
US3272375A (en) * 1965-03-03 1966-09-13 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for cryogenic liquid storage containers
US3411654A (en) * 1965-08-03 1968-11-19 Voest Ag Liquid storage tank installation
US3352123A (en) * 1966-02-21 1967-11-14 Mcmullen John J System for cooling, transporting and warming up double barrier liquefied gas cargo tanks
US3357195A (en) * 1966-04-25 1967-12-12 Mcmullen John J Liquefied gas tanker
US3875886A (en) * 1972-04-28 1975-04-08 Gen Dynamics Corp Liquified-gas ship
US4129146A (en) * 1977-05-13 1978-12-12 General Dynamics Corporation Liquefied gas tank and method of filling
US20090095017A1 (en) * 2001-12-14 2009-04-16 Alan Edgar John Bliault Floating hydrocarbon treating plant
US7806365B2 (en) * 2006-07-05 2010-10-05 The Boeing Company Long endurance hydrogen powered vehicle
US20080006743A1 (en) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Miller Gerald D Long endurance hydrogen powered vehicle
CN102159451B (zh) * 2008-08-21 2014-08-06 大宇造船海洋株式会社 液化气储罐和包含液化气储罐的海运结构
US20100058780A1 (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-03-11 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Liquefied Gas Storage Tank and Marine Structure Including the Same
US9180938B2 (en) * 2008-08-21 2015-11-10 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. Liquefied gas storage tank and marine structure including the same
WO2011101461A1 (en) * 2010-02-22 2011-08-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Hydrocarbon processing vessel and method
CN102770342A (zh) * 2010-02-22 2012-11-07 国际壳牌研究有限公司 烃处理船和方法
EP3254948A1 (en) * 2010-02-22 2017-12-13 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Hydrocarbon processing vessel and method
CN109969345A (zh) * 2010-02-22 2019-07-05 国际壳牌研究有限公司 烃处理船和方法
CN109969345B (zh) * 2010-02-22 2021-09-07 国际壳牌研究有限公司 烃处理船和方法
US20150135733A1 (en) * 2011-12-05 2015-05-21 Blue Wave Co S.A. Inspectable Containers for the Transport by Sea of Compressed Natural Gas, Fitted with a Manhole for Internal Access
US20150033769A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2015-02-05 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Pump tower installation structure of liquefied natural gas storage tank and manufacturing method thereof
US10208895B2 (en) * 2011-12-16 2019-02-19 Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd. Pump tower installation structure of liquefied natural gas storage tank and manufacturing method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB869130A (en) 1961-05-31
DE1191245C2 (de) 1965-12-16
FR1253564A (fr) 1961-02-10
DE1191245B (de) 1965-04-15
BE589567A (fi)
NL112946C (fi)
ES256985A1 (es) 1960-07-01

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