US2978292A - Manufacture of rayon - Google Patents

Manufacture of rayon Download PDF

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Publication number
US2978292A
US2978292A US747360A US74736058A US2978292A US 2978292 A US2978292 A US 2978292A US 747360 A US747360 A US 747360A US 74736058 A US74736058 A US 74736058A US 2978292 A US2978292 A US 2978292A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
polymer
epoxyalkane
viscose
weight
threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US747360A
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English (en)
Inventor
Limburg Pieter Coenraad
Buurman Aart
Vroom Robert Aldert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzona Inc
Original Assignee
American Enka Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Enka Corp filed Critical American Enka Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2978292A publication Critical patent/US2978292A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either

Definitions

  • cord losses In the processing to cord a number of threads are combined and twisted together. It is known that during this process twisting losses occur, i.e; the strength of the manufactured cord is less than the sum of the strengths of the composite threads. These twisting losses will hereinafter be called cord losses.
  • the presentinvention consists of a process of spinning 7 into" an acid spinbath a viscose solution that contains, in addition to the epoxyalkane polymers, also one or more compounds of the general formula; I (CnH2nO)xH R N (CnH2n )y in which R is an aliphatic chain having at least8 C-atoms,
  • n 2, 3 or. 4 and x-l-y is at least 2, while neither 7 x nor y may be zero, the quantity of .the substituted amines amounting to 15 to 40% by weight of the total 7 mers which are used in combination with the aboveamounts of the epoxyalkane polymer and the amine.
  • Patented Apr. 4, 1961 ice are the products marketed under the names of Ethomeen C/15, Ethomeen C/20, Ethomeen C/25, Ethomeen C/ 60, Ethomeen S/ 15, Ethomeen S/20, Ethomeen S/25, Ethomeen S/ 60, Ethomeen T/ 15, Ethomeen T/20, Ethomeen T/25, Ethomeen T/ and Hills V 1011 T.
  • the Ethomeens are prepared by reactingamines derived from higher fatty acids with ethylene oxide.
  • Hiils V 1011 T is a representative of the group of compounds of the formula:
  • the epoxyalkane polymentioned nitrogen compounds may be straight polymers, copolymers or so-called block polymers of epoxyalkane or substitution products thereof.
  • the epoxy compounds from which the polymers used are prepared have the general formula: H
  • ROHCHr in which R represents hydrogen, an alkyl group a cyclo alkyl group or an aryl group. Examples thereof are o epoxyethane and epoxypropane.
  • An example of a block polymer is HO(C H O),,(C H O) (C H O) H, in which b equals 30 and a+c equals ,85. Of these polymersan amount of between 0.20.5% by weight, calculated on the viscose, is in general added to the spinning solution.
  • the amount of the amine lies approximately between 0.04 and 0.11% by weight. If used in unmixed condition these amounts do not give rise to the formation of threads with a skin character. If larger amounts of the epoxyalkane polymer and higher mixing ratios between the amine and the epoxyalkane polymer are used the concentration of the nitrogen compound enters the range where the latter compound itself causes the production of threads with a skin character, but in that case the effect is achieved that in processing the threads to cord, losses become lower than without the use of said nitrogen compounds.
  • the zinc sulfate content in the spinning baths may vary considerably above the minimlm of 2% by weight and may amount for example, to 10% by weight and higher. For economic reasons the lower percentages deserve preference.
  • the drawing which is necessary to obtain therads having the required properties may be carried out in a socalled one-bath process as well as in a second bath and in one or more stages.
  • the xanthate ratio which is determined according to the method also known for the determination of the gamma number, is meant the ratio between the number of the xanthate radicals still present and the total number of the glucose radicals (C H O).
  • C H O glucose radicals
  • Example I culated on the viscose, as well as0.15% polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of about 4000 and also' 0.05% of the product marketed under the name of Hiils V 1011 T.
  • This solution was spun at a Xanthate ratio of 0.48 and a viscosity of 70 sec. (falling ball test) into an aqueous spinning bath at 46 C. containing 3.2% sulfuric acid, 12.0% sodium sulfate and 6.0% zinc sulfate.
  • the frshly spun thread was immersed for a distance of 95 cm., passing through a two diameter tube.
  • the first portion of the tube had a length of 55 cm. with a diameter of 20 mm. and the secend portion a length of 30 cm.
  • the thread was drawn 45% in the atmosphere andthen drawn 50% in a second bath containing 3% H SO and less than 2% salts:
  • the temperature of the '4 l second bath was 95 C.
  • the length of immersion in the second bath was 150 cm.
  • the thread obtained was thereafter washed free from acid in the usual manner, sized and dried under tension after which th eproperties were determined.
  • the thread which had a total denier of 1656 and consisted of 1000 filaments, was then found to have a swelling value of 68%.
  • the double loop strength-and the resistance to abrasion were excellent.
  • the cord loss amounted to 16%, whereas without the addition of the nitrogen compound the cord loss amounted to 24%.
  • Example 11 A viscose having a cellulose content of 7.3% and a sodium hydroxide content of 5.5%, and containing 0.11%
  • the freshly spun threads were drawn 100% in a second bath having a length of travel of 120 cm. and containing 2.5% sulfuric acid at 95 C.
  • the threads were collected in a spinning pot at a speed of 60 m./ min. and were thereafter washed, after-treated and dried in the known manner.
  • a method of producing viscose rayon comprising the steps of spinning a viscose solution having incorporated therein 0.11.0% of an epoxyalkane polymer of the class consisting of epoxyethane polymer and epoxypropane polymer of a molecular weight of about 3000 and a compound of the general formula quantity of the substituted amine being 15-40% by weight of the total amount of the epoxy alkane polymer and the amine compound.
  • R is an aliphatic chain having at least 8 carbon 10 2,696,423 Dietrich Dec. 7, 1954 atoms
  • n is 2, 3, or 4
  • x+y is at least 2 with neither 2,852,333 CoX et a1.
  • Sept. 16, 1958 x nor 3 being zero, the quantity of the substituted amine 2,852,334 Hollihan et a1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US747360A 1955-03-18 1958-07-09 Manufacture of rayon Expired - Lifetime US2978292A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL341945X 1955-03-18
NL833865X 1957-07-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2978292A true US2978292A (en) 1961-04-04

Family

ID=26643667

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US747360A Expired - Lifetime US2978292A (en) 1955-03-18 1958-07-09 Manufacture of rayon
US793967A Expired - Lifetime US3033696A (en) 1955-03-18 1959-02-18 Manufacture of rayon

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US793967A Expired - Lifetime US3033696A (en) 1955-03-18 1959-02-18 Manufacture of rayon

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US2978292A (xx)
BE (1) BE568594A (xx)
CH (3) CH341945A (xx)
DE (2) DE1024676B (xx)
FR (1) FR1146890A (xx)
GB (3) GB786319A (xx)
NL (3) NL103242C (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3056688A (en) * 1960-01-21 1962-10-02 Atlas Chem Ind Spinning of viscose
US3113828A (en) * 1960-03-15 1963-12-10 Chimiotex Process for the manufacture of regenerated cellulosic material
US3364290A (en) * 1962-10-30 1968-01-16 American Enka Corp High tenacity rayon yarn production

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2572217A (en) * 1950-01-23 1951-10-23 American Enka Corp Manufacture of viscose rayon
US2593466A (en) * 1948-07-16 1952-04-22 Ind Rayon Corp Viscose spinning solution
US2696423A (en) * 1951-05-29 1954-12-07 Du Pont Viscose modifiers
USRE24486E (en) * 1958-06-10 Chsch
US2852333A (en) * 1954-05-21 1958-09-16 Du Pont Viscose spinning process
US2852334A (en) * 1954-11-03 1958-09-16 American Viscose Corp Method of producing viscose rayon

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB489234A (en) * 1936-01-21 1938-07-21 Deutsche Hydrierwerke Ag Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of threads, bands or ribbons having abasis of regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives
GB541099A (en) * 1940-05-11 1941-11-12 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements in and relating to the manufacture and production of artificial threads and the like articles from viscose
US2422021A (en) * 1940-07-29 1947-06-10 Ind Rayon Corp Manufacture of thread or the like
GB557218A (en) * 1941-05-06 1943-11-10 British Cellophane Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of regenerated cellulose filaments or films from viscose
US2397338A (en) * 1943-10-12 1946-03-26 American Viscose Corp Manufacture of filaments and fibers
BE487186A (xx) * 1948-02-09
BE523479A (xx) * 1951-05-29
NL200060A (xx) * 1954-11-25 1900-01-01
US2962341A (en) * 1956-05-14 1960-11-29 Du Pont Viscose modification
NL228195A (xx) * 1957-06-21

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE24486E (en) * 1958-06-10 Chsch
US2593466A (en) * 1948-07-16 1952-04-22 Ind Rayon Corp Viscose spinning solution
US2572217A (en) * 1950-01-23 1951-10-23 American Enka Corp Manufacture of viscose rayon
US2696423A (en) * 1951-05-29 1954-12-07 Du Pont Viscose modifiers
US2852333A (en) * 1954-05-21 1958-09-16 Du Pont Viscose spinning process
US2852334A (en) * 1954-11-03 1958-09-16 American Viscose Corp Method of producing viscose rayon

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3056688A (en) * 1960-01-21 1962-10-02 Atlas Chem Ind Spinning of viscose
US3113828A (en) * 1960-03-15 1963-12-10 Chimiotex Process for the manufacture of regenerated cellulosic material
US3364290A (en) * 1962-10-30 1968-01-16 American Enka Corp High tenacity rayon yarn production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH348505A (de) 1960-08-31
FR1146890A (fr) 1957-11-15
NL113191C (xx) 1966-09-15
DE1024676B (de) 1958-02-20
GB857170A (en) 1960-12-29
NL103242C (xx) 1962-12-17
CH347297A (de) 1960-06-30
BE568594A (xx) 1958-12-13
CH341945A (de) 1959-10-31
DE1100870B (de) 1961-03-02
GB786319A (en) 1957-11-13
GB833865A (en) 1960-05-04
US3033696A (en) 1962-05-08
NL112537C (xx) 1966-03-15

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