US2972838A

US2972838A - Building construction

Info

Publication number: US2972838A
Application number: US529278A
Authority: US
Inventors: John A Carlson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1955-08-18
Filing date: 1955-08-18
Publication date: 1961-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 1978-02-28

Description

Feb. 28, 1961 J. A. CARLSON .BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed mig. 1a, 1955 FIG. 2

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nvr/Emol@ .loma um Lson ATTORNEY Feb. 28, 1961 J.v A. CARLSON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledA Aug. 18. 1955 IN VEN TOR. JOHN A. CRLSON ATTORNEY arent F 2,972,838 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION .lohn A. Carlson, 164 Lovell Ave., Mill Valley, Calif. Filed Aug. 18, 1955, Ser. No. 529,278 z claims. (c1. so-309) This invention concerns building construction of concrete and reinforcing steel, and more specifically provides a new approach in a combination of precast members and reinforced poured concrete.

In the development of this invention, applicant has given special thought and consideration to achieve a superior and unique construction for the purpose of building houses and other types of commercial buildings durable against the most destructive elements such as tornado, hurricane, earthquake and windstorm, as well as to provide shatterproof construction to minimize danger to life and damage to property in the event of enemy attack. Moreover, it is reproof, vermin proof and permanent in nature, providing a building of maximum strength with only a minimum of material. With all these advantages, applicants invention yet presents a structure competitive in material and erection costs with that of standard types of frame building construction of equivalent size. Furthermore, being fully insulated it produces a construction that is cool for hot climates and Warm in cold climates and absolutely proof against outside moisture.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a construction for walls made up with a combination of precast concrete members and reinforced poured concrete, with a unique method of applying the exterior wall finishing material into a sound bonded wall construction, lock bonding all precast members, poured concrete girders, pilasters and footings into a unitary monolithic concrete construction. The precast members are inter :locked with specially designed metal rods and fixtures and then securely bonded together in poured concrete.

Girders are obtained by pouring concrete into partially pre-arranged molds, eliminating in greater part the making of complete forms in the usual manner, thus saving in both material and labor'costs. The same procedure is followed in the making and pouring of pilasters, formed in part by precast members themselves. Such pilasters may be formed at intervals from corner to corner or to points adjacent the joinder of a partition wall and an outside wall.

Another important feature of this construction is the precast concrete studding for both exterior and partition walls, which is specially molded in shape for several important purposes The top end is molded in the shape of a U thereby permitting a continuous'top concrete wall girder to pass through the upper end of each studding, lock bonding each therein. The lateral edges are/molded with a depression, preferably a concave half round which together with reinforcing wire extending through and beyond both edges provides a practical, quick and secure method for the later anchoring of Wall finish supporting wire mesh, expanded metal lath or similar materials to the studding in a more rigid drum tight manner with less labor effort.

Additional objects and advantages on this invention will become more apparent as the following description proceeds when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a precast concrete partition studding member.

Fig. l-A is a top view of member illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 is an upright edge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a reduced full length drawing of Fig. 1 showing the number of protruding reinforcing wire ends.

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. l.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a number of concrete studding in position after concrete footing and top girder has been poured and the form members removed, comprising a section of an inside partition wall ready for the finishing plaster.

Fig. 6 is an end view of a clamping fixture, tying rod and sleeve nut.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a reduced drawing of a cross section of a partition wall. Fig. 9 is a cross section of an interior or partition wall concrete studding showing the protruding reinforcing wire readily securing the extruded metal lath to the same, on both sides.

Fig. l0 is an elevation of a partition Wall showing the concrete studding in relation to the concrete footing, top' girder, corner and other pilasters.

Fig. lO-A is a cross section View 10-A10-A in Fig. 10.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 there is illustrated a specially molded precast concrete studding 1l) for partitions. rl`he upper ends 12 are beveled sloping downward to the outer edges 13. The purpose of the beveled top edges will be explained later. The inside edges 1L?. slope inwardly from the top edges 12. At the base of

edges

14, 15 completes a U-shaped opening on the inside of the upper portion of the concrete studding 10. lust below the U base 1S are ledges or shoulders 16, the upper portion above the ledges being reduced in thickness as at 19.

The interior sides of the concrete studding 10' are molded with panel-like recesses 17, to eliminate unnecessary weight. The lateral edges 13 from the ledge 16 down are molded to a concave half round shape 18 as shown in Figs. 2 and 4.

Wire reinforcing 20 protruding from the center of the concave half round 18 extends beyond the concrete casting edges 13, shown in Figs. l, l-A, 3 and 4. The purpose of the protruding wire ends 26 and the concave half round groove 18 will be explained later.

The remaining members will be best described in a discussion of the procedure for erecting a section of a wall incorporating the heretofore detailed partition con crete studding 1t).

Footing forms 'of suitable design and strength, designed to hold two parallel angle irons 22 are set in place first in the erection of a wall. One of the parallel angle irons 22 is secured preferably by welding to the footing space-retainers 23 which maintain apart the footing forms. These are generally rods or pipes 23. rThus by having one angle bar secured and the other loose or free, these two angle bars 22 form a channel that can be drawn tightly against the bases of concrete studding 19 securing them by tie bolts 24. This is best illustrated in the lower portion of Fig. 5. At any desired or established distance apart another concrete studding 10 is erected in like manner. Next a space maintainer 21, principally of wood, is set on ledges 16 between two concrete studding.

At this time a clamp bar 25 is placed in position against the two upper reduced portions o-f the studding 19, on one side just above the ledge 16. A tie rod in length taken on line equal to the space maintainer 21 plus one half the thickness of the concrete studding 10, threaded at both ends and anchored to the next previous studding, is placed between the two upper sides 14 of the U-shaped top of the concrete studding, and inserted through a bore in the center o fthe clmap bar 25. A sleeve nut 27 is turned onto the end of the tie rod 26, thereby drawing the space maintainer 21 thereinbetween tightly together. The other end of the sleeve nut 27 is free to receive the next tie rod 26 to secure the next concrete studding 10, against the next space maintainer 2.1. This same procedure is continued until an entire unbroken wall or section has been erected. It should also be noted that a multiple of concrete studding may be tied together using one clamp bar 25 one tie rod 26 and one sleeve nut 27 locking a number of studding and space maintainers thereinbetween.

As each two or multiple of concrete studding are thus secured, they are carefully plumbed true and again securely tightened at their bases between the two angle irons 22 by tie bolts 24.

After a series of concrete studding has thus been erect-v ed and plumbed true, suicient bracing is placed from the top of the wall to firmly hold them until concrete has been poured in the footing forms and permitted to set hard.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the enlarged drawings more clearly show the front and side views of the clamp bar 25, the tie bolt 26 and the sleeve nut 27 secured against the reduced upper portion 19 of the concrete studding 15B. it also shows more clearly one end of a space maintainer 21 resting on the ledge 16.

Fig. 8 is a reduced drawing of a cross section or partition wall with plaster finish 56 on both sides, expanded metal lath 2S being used on both sides.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross section of an interior concrete studd-ing 10 taken on line 4-4 in Fig. 1. This view more clearly shows the anchoring effectiveness of the protruding reinforcing wire ends 2@ after they are bent down together with the expanded metal lath 28 into the concave half round groove 1S. When the metal lathing material has been so anchored to the concrete studding and both sides of the studding covered as noted in Fig. 9, the wall is assured of being strong and shatterproof.

Fig. 10 is an elevation of an interior partition wall section showing this construction in its basic principle, which consists of concrete pilasters and concrete studding bonded together at the top of the wall with a continuous concrete girder, the base of each being embedded in the concrete ootings, reinforced with steel to accepted standard requirements. 1t also shows the ease with which all piiasters can be made, when the studding are erected in place as may be specified. Thereafter all that remains is to cover the two sides that are open with a form member which would extend across from one studding edge to another. This same procedure applies to both interior and exterior walls.

Referring now to the purpose for the sloping top edges 12, these are beveed to act as a dovetail tie within the top concrete girder, securely lockbonding the concrete girder with the studding as shown in Fig. 5. It will also be noted here that the entire assembly of clamp 1oars 25, tie rods 2.6 and sleeve nuts 27 are all completely embedded within the concrete girder providing additional strength. The purpose for the U shape at the upper end of the lconcrete studding 10, to permit a continuous passage of the concrete girder through each of the concrete studding all along the entire wall is here more clearly apparent.

Certain modiiications and changes will be suggested herefrom to those skilled in the art. All such modifications and revisions as fall within the true spirit of this invention are intended as coming within its scope, as best dened in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A construction for buildings made of monolithic concrete. reinforced with steel of the type wherein lathing material carrying cementitious material is secured to a plurality of solid precast concrete studding spaced apart at selected intervals and supported and secured at their bases to supporting material and rendered rigid by a continuous girder extending across the tops of the studding and to which the tops of said studding are connected, the improvement comprising the upper ends of said studding being molded substantially in U shape providing segments of a channel in alignment with the studding, opposite lateral edges of said studding beneath the legs of the U-shaped end being provided with a continuous longitudinal groove, rods spaced at intervals embedded in said studding and extending centrally of the said grooves beyond the edges of the studding, said rods adapted to be bent over lathing within said grooves, said lathing material positioned over said rods and drawn taut by said projecting rods when the iatter have been bent over and depressed with a portion of the lathing material into said grooves, the bent over ends of said rods within said grooves being embedded in said cementitious material carried by the lathing, said concrete girder being of poured concrete and extending through said channel segments provided by the upper ends of said studding and interlocked with said U-shaped ends of the studding, and in which the sides of the upper ends of said precast studding adjacent said longitudinally grooved sides are provided with molded shoulders transverse to said grooves and adapted to sup-port the bottom ot top girder forms extending between adjacent studding to enable a continuously formed concrete top girder to pass through and interlock the legs of the upper U-shaped ends of the studding.

2. A construction for buildings as claimed in claim 1, in which the upper ends of said U-shaped legs of the studding are bevelled downwardy and outwardly, said U-shaped ends being of reduced thickness thus providing the horizontal shoulders on either side of the U in the vicinity of the U to support the bottom plate of top girder forms, and said girder extending above the highest p0rtions of the bevelled upper ends of said studding.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,072,230 Howard Sept. 2, 1913 1,392,532 Simpson Oct. 4, 1921 1,889,699 Ranck Nov. 29, 1932 2,083,781 Graves June 15, 1937 FOREKGN PATENTS 756,399 France Sept. 25, 1933 867,104 France June 30, 1941 946,643 France Dec. 27, 1948 1,010,489 France Mar. 26, 1952 157,210 Australia Nov. 29, 1951 824,550 Germany Dec. 13, 1951