US2952368A

US2952368A - Ship cargo-handling equipment for quick reshipment of cargo

Info

Publication number: US2952368A
Application number: US750235A
Authority: US
Inventors: Stummer Wilfried
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1957-07-24
Filing date: 1958-07-22
Publication date: 1960-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 1977-09-13
Also published as: GB856536A

Description

ENT OF CARGO 3 Sheets-Sheet 1- Wz/frwd .fil/mmm" Lm W. STUMMER SHIP CARGO-HANDLING EQUIPMENT FOR QUICK RESHIPM Filed July 22, 1958 Sept. 13, 1960 SHIP CARGO Filed July 22, 1958A w. sTuMMER 2,952,368 HANDLING EQUIPMENT FOR QUICK RESHIPMENT oF CARGO 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 WW I Sept. 13, 1960 w. s'ruMMER SHIP CARGOHANDLING EQUIPMENT FOR QUICK RESHIPMENT OF CARGO 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 22, 1958 United States Pateit' SHIP CARGO-HANDLIN G EQUIPMENT FOR QUICK RESHIPMENT OF CARGO Wilfried Stummer, Stubbenhuk '10, Hamburg, Germany Filed July 22, 1958, Ser. No. 750,235 yClaims priority, application Germany July 24, 1957 7 Claims. (Cl. 212-35) This invention relates to cargo handling equipment and has Ias its purpose to provide :an improved derrick especially adapted to the handling of ships cargo.

Heretotore, it has been customary to handle the cargo of ships by simple derricks which consist of a mast, or its equivalent, mounted to turn about a vertical axis, and a single jib boom hinged to the mast near its bottom to enable the jib to be raised and lowered in a plane containing the mast, as well as to p-artake off rotary motion of the mast. The area that can be served with such a simple derrick is limited to that circumscribed by the largest arc that can be defined by the outer end of the jib boom. Of cou-rse, this -area can be increased by having the ent-ire derrick movable from place to place, but this obviously increases the cost of the equipment :and to move it about requires time.

In the light of these objections to past and existing cargo handling equipment, it is `an object of this invention to provide an improved derrick especially adapted for use on shipboard, and which, `due to its Vimproved design and construction, increases the area that can be served thereby without entailing relocation of the entire derrick,

More specifically, it is an object of this invention to provide a cargo handling derrick in Iwhich `the load carrying hook is suspended from the outer end of a rocker arm hingedly connected -at a medial point to the upper end of the jib, so that by swinging the rocker in one direction about its hinged connection `with the jib as the jib is lbein-g raised, `and swinging the rocker in the opposite direction as the jib is being lowered, :a Aload suspended from the hook may be moved horizontally to any point within a relatively large area.

IIt is also an object of this invention to connect the rocker with the jib yand mast through a pennant or cable in such a manner that by power actuated swinging, of the rocker about its hinged connection with the jib, the jib is automaticallyraised or lowered to effect the desired horizontal shifting of the load.

Still another object ot this invention is to provide la more stable manner of suspending the load carrying ho'okof a derrick.` l

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, this invention resides in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of par-ts substantially .as hereinafter described and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it bein-g understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may lbe made as come wi-thin the scope of the claims.

The accompanying drawings illus-trate two complete examples of the physical embodiments of the invention, constructed according to the best modes so tar devised for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which:

Figure l is a perspective view, more or less diagrammatically illustrating a s ps cargo handling equipment embodying this invention;

Patented Sept. 13, 1960` Figure 2 is a side view of the cargo handling equipment shown in Figure l;

Figure 3 is a side view of the cargo handling equipment embodying this invention in a slightly modified form;

Figure 4 is -a detail sectional View through the hinged connection between the jib and the rocker mounted on its outer end, and illustrating one way in which power actuated swinging of the rocker may be effected; and

Figure S is a detail View off the connection `between the pennant or jib supporting cable and the jib, illustrating one way in which the lenig-th of the pennant may be adjusted for purposes to be described.

Referring to the drawings, in which like reference char acters designate like pants, the numeral 9 designates a mast which may be of any suitable construction, which has a traverse 8 at its bottom land ta so-called spreader at its top. The traverse 8 has an arm 4 mounted thereon, the `outer end of fwhich has a jib 6 connected thereto by means of a knuckle member 3 4arranged to swing about a vertical taxis, and to which `the jib is hinged as at 1 to swing vertically up and down.

The jib carries a rocker 5 at its outer end, the rocker being connected to the jib by a hinge 2 which is located medially of the ends of the rocker but nearer one end than the other. The rocker thus has an inner -arm and an ou-ter t arm, the former being longer than the latter. The load carrying hook 15 of the derrick is suspended from the outer arm ofthe rocker and, in that form of the invention illustrated in Figures l 4and 2, a winch 11 by which the hook may be raised and lowered is also mounted on the rocker, but near the hinge connection 2. ln the modied embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 3, the winch 11 is mounted on the jib.

A cable, generally termed :a pennant 7 has one end portion thereof connected to the jib near the outer or upper end thereof. The other end of the pennant is connected to the spreader 10, and the medial portion of the pennant is reeved over a pulley 12 on the extremity of the short arm of the rocker 5. For normal use of the derrick, the length of the cable or pennant 7 between its points of connection with the Ispreader 10 and the jib 6, is iixed. Accordingly, if the rocker is caused to swing about its hinged connection 2 lwith the jib, the jib will be raised or lowered, depending upon the direction in which the rocker was swung. Thus, for instance, if the rocker is moved counterclockwise from its 'full line position in Figure 2, the jib and rocker will move towards position A, and if the rocker is 'swung in the clockwise direction, the structure may be brought to position B. Throughout the entire range olf adjustment lying between positions A and B, the load supporting hook 15 remains lat substantially the same level, unless, of course, it is raised or lowered by meansof the Winch 11.

fTo enable the jib to be lowered onto the deck to its position C, it is necessary that the length of the pennant 7 be increased. Increasing the length of the pennant 7, in

addition to enabling the jib 6 to be lowered to its horizontal storage position, :also serves to increase the reach of the derrick, as will be readily apparent. Any suitable means may be employed to Iadjust the length of the pennant. For instance, one of its ends may be attached to the ramof a hydraulic cylinder 16 on the jib, as shown particularly in Figure 5.

'Ihe hinge 2 may be of any conventional construction, but preferably incorporates power means to swing the rocker `in either direction. Hence, it may have a vane type hydraulic motor ,formed therein, as illustrated in Figure 4. In this case, the hinge is formed with a barrel 17 lxed to the outer end of the jib, and a trunnion 18 fixed to the rocker 5 and suitably journalled in the barrel. Between lthe opposite faces of the hinge, the barrel and trunnion cooperate to dene an annular cylinder which is closed' at one point by a Jwall 19 forming part ot the 4 barrel. A 4radially projecting vane portion 20 on the trunnion is received in the Iannular cylinder and forms, in eiect, a piston. Hence, by supplying dluid pressure at one side or the other of the wall 19, the vane or piston 20-and consequently the trunnion and rocker-'are rotated with respect to the jib; Hydraulic lines 21 and .22 connect with the annular cylinder at opposite sides of the wall 19 to enable a source of fluid pressure (not shown) to be connected with either end of the cylinder. Suitable means (also not shown) are of course provided to control the connections of the lines 21 and 22 with the pressure source.

Since the pennant 7 supports the outer end of the jib and also carries the rocker and the load suspended therefrom, it follows that a relatively small torque is suleient to swing the rocker about the hinge 2. In the modified embodiment of the invention illustna-ted in Figure 3, the jib 6 is hydraulically extendable. To make this possible, the lower end portion of the jib is tubular and provides a cylinder in which the upper part of the jib, to which the rocker is connected, telescopes. Thus, by simply controlling the pressure of fluid in the cylinder portion of the jib, the length thereof may be adjusted.

In this modified embodiment of the invention, the pennant 7 is not connected directly to the jib, but instead is passed around a return pulley 13 mounted on the outer end of the inner 'section of the jib and then attached to the rocker 5 near the hinge 2.

With the arrangement `shown in Figure 3, it is possible to lay the jib `down on the deck to its position D or raise it 4as is necessary for cargo handling, by merely changing the length of the jib.

The manner in which the load carrying hook 15 is suspended from the outer end of the rocker is signcant. As best shown in Figure 1, the hook is actually suspended from three different points on the rocker. For this purpose, the rocker is essentially an A frame, with two divergent legs 23-23 Iconnected by cross members, one of which (designated 24) carries la pulley 25. The cable by which the hook is suspended has one end thereof attached to the outer end of the leg 23, and extends down around a rst pulley at the hook, up and over the pulley 2S, back down to and around a second pulley at the hook, then up and over a pulley 26 on the outer end of the other leg 23', and, from there, to the winch 11. This three-point support `for the load carrying hook reduces the tendency tor the load to swing, and generally facilita-tes the handling of the cargo.

In each embodiment of the invention illustrated, lthe ratio between the leng-th of the jib, the length of the rocker and of the pennant is so chosen that the tonces on the jib .are mainly those of compression.

What I claim is:

1. A cargo handling device comprising: a mast; a jib; means hingedly connecting the lower end of the jib with the mast; a rocker hingedly connected medially of its ends to the upper end of the jib so that the rocker hals an inner arm and an outer arm; load carrying means suspended from the outer arm of the rocker; a pulley on the inner arm of the rocker substantially at the extremity thereof; `a cable reeved over said pulley and `having one end thereof connected with the upper portion of the mast and its other end portion connected with the jib near the upper end thereof, so that by keeping the connections of the cable with the mast and with the jib substantially fixed swinging movement ot the `rocker about its hinged connection-With the jib raises and lowers the jib; and power means tor swinging the rocker about its hinged connection with the jib.

2. The cargo handling device of claim 1, -Wherein said power means comprises .a hydraulic motor having one elemen-t thereof connected to the jib and its other element connected to the pocker.

3. The cargo handling device of claim 1, further characterized by the provision of means for varying the length of the cable between its points of connection 'with the mast `and with the jib.

4. The cargo handling rdevice of claim 1, wherein the jib comprises: telescopingly connected sections `so as to be adjustable in length; and means for electing relative movement between the jiib sections to adjust the length thereof.

5. The cargo handling device of claim 1, further characterized by the tact that the connection between the cable and the jib comprises: a pulley fixed to the outer end portion ot" the jib and over which the cable is reeved; and a iixed connection between said end of the cable and the rocker directly adjacent to its hinged connection with the 'i-b.

6i The cargo handling device of claim 5, further characterized by: the act that the jib comprises telescopingly connected sections so that the length of the jib is adjustable; and power means for extending said sections to increase the length of the jib.

7. The cargo handling device of claim 1, wherein the rocker i-s substantially an A-shaped frame having rigid side rails, the apex of the :frame being the extremity of the inner arm of the rocker, and the spaced apart ends of the side rails being at the extremity of the outer arm; and wherein the load carrying means comprises a hook suspended from a pulley block having two pulleys therein, a pulley `connected to the outer arm of the rocker at a substantial distance in from the extremity thereof and substantially medially between the `side rails, a cable having one end thereof attached to the extremity of one of said side rails, reeved over one of the pulleys at the hook, reeved over the pulley on the rocker arm, reeved over the other pulley at the hook, and reeved over `a pulley at the extremity of the other side rail, and a drum upon which the other end portion of the cable is wound, so that the loadcarrying hook is suspended from Vthree points on the rocker.

France Dec. 17, 1956 Great Britain July 10, 1957