US295207A - stone - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US295207A US295207A US295207DA US295207A US 295207 A US295207 A US 295207A US 295207D A US295207D A US 295207DA US 295207 A US295207 A US 295207A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- wires
- coating
- galvanized
- covering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/20—Permanent superconducting devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/933—Sacrificial component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12333—Helical or with helical component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12687—Pb- and Sn-base components: alternative to or next to each other
- Y10T428/12694—Pb- and Sn-base components: alternative to or next to each other and next to Cu- or Fe-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
- Y10T428/12917—Next to Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12924—Fe-base has 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
- Y10T428/2942—Plural coatings
- Y10T428/2944—Free metal in coating
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to so combine the superior tensile strength of steel or other material as a support with the superior conductivity of copper or other material, as to produce a conductor of electricity with greatest conductivity and least weight and cost.
- My invention consists in a method of twisting or stranding together wire of greatest tensile strength with the wire of greatest conductivity so galvanized as to preserve these qualities under all conditions of use under or above ground, and in the wire or conductor produced by said method.
- a wire of great tensile strength preferably steel
- a wire of great conductivity as copper
- These two wires are as near as may be of the same crystallization, so that expansion and contraction may be equal.
- a tempered steel wire I would use a different quality of copper than with an untempered wire, and so on.
- each wire of the strand and the strand itself being protect-ed with a lead cushion or deposit on the stranded wires that shall permit of any usual undulations or bending without cracking or'breaking any galvanized part of either wire, and a'galvanization of the lead covering that shall protect it from ordinary abrasion.
- Figure 1 is an enlarged section of the wire, showing one galvanic coating.
- Fi 2 is a similar view, showing the second coating.
- Fig. 3 is a section of the compound wire having external covering to the conducting and supporting wires.
- Fig. 4 is a view of a short section of the two wires stranded together.
- A is a wire or rod of steel or other metal of great tensile strength.
- This wire may be slightly flattened in the drawing, or be rolled slightly flat after drawing, if found desirable; or it may be a round wire.
- This wire is galvanized, the coating being designated by O.
- This wire B is a wire or red of about the same sizeas A.
- This wire is composed of a metalof great conductivity, as copper, and also has a galvanic coating or covering, as at O.
- the wires A B are placed side by side and twisted or stranded together.
- a second galvanized coating, D is now applied to the two wires.
- the compound wire may in some instances be used in this shape.
- E represents the lead so applied as to fill the spaces and round out the wire.
- I may apply a coating of tin, or galvanize the wire in the usual way.
- I may use a soft-metal alloy as a covering for the wires.
- wires are galvanized. It is apparent that it is immaterial by what process the wires may be coated. I con sider all tinned or coated wires the equivalent of my galvanized wires.
- the wires A B are each first protected from the weather and from chemical action upon each other by the first coating 0. Being twisted. the one upon the other, they are capable of expansion and contraction together.
- the second coating D unites the two, and serves to further protect them.
- the lead covering gives still further protection and serves as a cushion to prevent abrasion.
- This covering may be as thick as found desirable, and need not necessarily fill the spaces between the wires.
- the supportingwire being of great tensile strength, but not being intended for a conductor, is made to carry as great a quantity of conducting-wire as possible, either by increasing the size'or the number of the conducting-wires.
- ⁇ Vhat I claim is- 1.
- the method herein described olconstructing an electrical wire or conductor, which eonsists in twisting together-two galvanized wires, then coating and uniting the two by a galvanized coating, substantially as stated.
- the electrical wire or conductor herein described consisting of wire A, of great strength, and wire 1 of great conductivity, each wire having a separate coating, and the two stranded together and covered by a second coating of metal, substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
R 0. STONE. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR.
Patented Mar. 18, 1884.
WI-messes N. FEYEH Phomlulhngnpher. Wadinglml. D- c.
7 UNrTEn STATES PATENT EEIQ noss o. STONE, on NEW YORK, n. Y.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,207, dated March 18, 1884.
d I Application filed August 9,1883. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, Ross 0. STONE, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electrical Conductors and Mode of Constructing the same, of which the following is a specification.
The object of my invention is to so combine the superior tensile strength of steel or other material as a support with the superior conductivity of copper or other material, as to produce a conductor of electricity with greatest conductivity and least weight and cost.
My invention consists in a method of twisting or stranding together wire of greatest tensile strength with the wire of greatest conductivity so galvanized as to preserve these qualities under all conditions of use under or above ground, and in the wire or conductor produced by said method. A wire of great tensile strength, preferably steel, is used as the main support, but not as the electrical conductor. A wire of great conductivity, as copper, is used for the conductor. These two wires are as near as may be of the same crystallization, so that expansion and contraction may be equal. Thus, with a tempered steel wire I would use a different quality of copper than with an untempered wire, and so on. The combination is to be protected by galvanizing or covering each wire with a coating of zinc or tin, each wire of the strand and the strand itself being protect-ed with a lead cushion or deposit on the stranded wires that shall permit of any usual undulations or bending without cracking or'breaking any galvanized part of either wire, and a'galvanization of the lead covering that shall protect it from ordinary abrasion.
In order that my invention may be thoroughly understood, I will proceed with reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 is an enlarged section of the wire, showing one galvanic coating. Fi 2 is a similar view, showing the second coating. Fig. 3 is a section of the compound wire having external covering to the conducting and supporting wires. Fig. 4 is a view of a short section of the two wires stranded together.
A is a wire or rod of steel or other metal of great tensile strength. This wire may be slightly flattened in the drawing, or be rolled slightly flat after drawing, if found desirable; or it may be a round wire. This wire is galvanized, the coating being designated by O.
B is a wire or red of about the same sizeas A. This wire is composed of a metalof great conductivity, as copper, and also has a galvanic coating or covering, as at O.
The wires A B are placed side by side and twisted or stranded together. A second galvanized coating, D, is now applied to the two wires. (See Fig. 2.) The compound wire may in some instances be used in this shape. I prefer, however, to give further protection to the stranded wires in the following manner: I pass thewire through a bath of lead, or apply lead in other known ways, to form a cushion and protection to the wires, to protect them from outside influences, atmospheric or other. E represents the lead so applied as to fill the spaces and round out the wire. As a still further protection, more especially for the lead covering, I may apply a coating of tin, or galvanize the wire in the usual way.
Instead of lead, I may use a soft-metal alloy as a covering for the wires.
I have referred to the wires as being galvanized. It is apparent that it is immaterial by what process the wires may be coated. I con sider all tinned or coated wires the equivalent of my galvanized wires.
It will be seen that the wires A B, one of i great strength and the other of great conductivity, are each first protected from the weather and from chemical action upon each other by the first coating 0. Being twisted. the one upon the other, they are capable of expansion and contraction together. The second coating D unites the two, and serves to further protect them. The lead covering gives still further protection and serves as a cushion to prevent abrasion. This covering may be as thick as found desirable, and need not necessarily fill the spaces between the wires. The supportingwire, being of great tensile strength, but not being intended for a conductor, is made to carry as great a quantity of conducting-wire as possible, either by increasing the size'or the number of the conducting-wires.
I am aware that a galvanized core round which a spiral ribbon of copper is coiled is not' new. Such have been patented wherein the copper strip or ribbon has been galvan- IOO ized, then wound about the core, and then the two galvanized. Such I do not claim.
\Vhat I claim is- 1. The method herein described olconstructing an electrical wire or conductor, which eonsists in twisting together-two galvanized wires, then coating and uniting the two by a galvanized coating, substantially as stated.
2. The method herein described ofconstruct ing an electrical wire or conductor, which con sists in twisting together two galvanized wires, covering the same with a galvanic coating, then covering the whole with a coating of lead or similar metal, substantially as described.
3. The electrical wire or conductor herein described, consisting of wire A, of great strength, and wire 1 of great conductivity, each wire having a separate coating, and the two stranded together and covered by a second coating of metal, substantially as described.
4. The electrical. wire or conductor herein described, consisting of steel wire, as A, and copper wire, as 13, both wires having a metal- ,lie coating, and the two stranded together, and having a galvanic coating over said strand, and the lead covering for the wires and their coatings, as set forth.
5. The combination, in an electric wire or conductor, of galvanized steel wire A. and galvanized copper wire 3, the two being twisted together and covered by a galvanic coating, and having a lead covering, E, and tin coat ing 1*, all being arranged with relation to each other, substantially as shown and described.
In testimony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two \Villl'lCSSOS.
ROSS (I. STONE.
"\\"'itnesses:
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US295207A true US295207A (en) | 1884-03-18 |
Family
ID=2364394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US295207D Expired - Lifetime US295207A (en) | stone |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US295207A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3517364A (en) * | 1967-07-25 | 1970-06-23 | Lev Alexandrovich Mastrjukov | Current-limiting reactor |
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0
- US US295207D patent/US295207A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3517364A (en) * | 1967-07-25 | 1970-06-23 | Lev Alexandrovich Mastrjukov | Current-limiting reactor |
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