US2941266A - Continuous casting process and apparatus - Google Patents

Continuous casting process and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2941266A
US2941266A US645085A US64508557A US2941266A US 2941266 A US2941266 A US 2941266A US 645085 A US645085 A US 645085A US 64508557 A US64508557 A US 64508557A US 2941266 A US2941266 A US 2941266A
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United States
Prior art keywords
core member
mold member
outer mold
ring
workpiece
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Expired - Lifetime
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US645085A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ostermeyer Gunter
Wittmoser Adalbert
Kaufmann Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenwerke Gelsenkirchen AG
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Eisenwerke Gelsenkirchen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and ap-- paratus for continuously casting articles.
  • the present invention relates to a process and apparatus for continuously casting'elongated hollow tubular articles which have at one end a trans verse dimension greater than the transverse dimension of the remainder of the article.
  • the tubular article being cast it is necessary for the tubular article being cast to be moved downwardly with respect to an inner core member as soon as the inner surface of the cast article hardens sufficiently to hold the molten metal in the interior of the cast material, since otherwise the material of the cast article will shrink onto the inner core member to prevent sliding of the cast article with respect to the core member and to give rise to faulty castings which may be considered only as waste material.
  • the thicker lower end portion of such a cast article as well as the weight of the molten material over the lower portion of the cast article requires a fairly long time for the lower end portion of the cast article to harden sufficiently to permit movement of the cast article with respect to the mold parts.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus according to which it is possible to continuously cast articles of the above type in an efficient, convenient manner.
  • Another object of the present invention is toprovide a process and apparatus which make it possibleto cast articles of the above type in a simple Way and with a relatively simple apparatus.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus capable of accomplishing the above objects and at the same time capable of maintaining the best possible pouring operations.
  • the present invention mainly consists of a process for continuously casting an elongated hollow article having at one end a transverse dimension greater than the transverse dimension of the remainder of the article, this process including the step of maintaining the surface level of a material poured into .an annular space between an inner core member and an outer mold member at a substantially constant elevation with respect to the inner core member while lowering the outer mold member with respect to the inner core member 7 lowering means cooperates with the ring and mold mem-,
  • Fig. 1 is a fragmentary, partly diagrammatic sectional, elevational view of an apparatus according to the present invention capable of carrying out the process of the present invention, the parts being shown in Fig. l in the position which they take at the beginning of the casting process just before the lowering of the outer mold member;
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of Fig. 1 after the outer mold member has reached its lowest position
  • FIG. 3 shows a still later stage in the process illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a partly fragmentary, diagrammatic sectional, elevational view of another embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention adapted to perform a process according to the invention for making a different type of article, the parts being shown in Fig. 4 at the position which they take at the start of the process;
  • Fig. 5 shows the structure of Fig. 4 at a later stage in the process
  • Fig. 6 is a partly diagrammatic, fragmentary, sectional, elevational view of still another embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention, the parts being shown in Fig. 6 in the position whichthey take at the start of the process;
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a later stage in the process carried out with the apparatus of Fig. 6, Fig. 7 showing how the cast article moves downwardly with respect to the outer mold;
  • Fig. 8 shows a still further stage in the process where the outer mold has moved downwardly to its lowermost position
  • Fig. 9 shows a stage of the illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • a stationary pouring platform 1 is formed with an opening which is bridged by a framework 2 which carries a rigid hollow tubular member 3 which in turn carries at its lower end an inner core member 4.
  • the inner core member 4 which has a vertical axis, remains stationary.
  • the core member 4 is of a frusto-conical configuration and diminishes in cross section toward its bottom end.
  • the bottom portion of the member 3 which is located above the core member 4 carries and turnably supports 'a sleeve which is fixed to members extending radially outwardly from the sleeve, these members fixedly carrying at their outer ends an annular channel 5 whichis supplied process subsequent to that Patented Juneau 1.960
  • Wifli t moltn m al .a d which. ha t bQt Wall formed with suitable openings through which the molten metal falls.
  • the molten metal flows from a suitable ladle or the like along a pair of channels @which are supported hya structure not shown in thedrawing; and these chanchannel about the axis of the core member 4.
  • hollow tubular member 3' is divided in its interior by a partition which directs cooling water downwardly into the hollow core member 4 and upwardly away from the core member 4, and the cooling water is supplied to the hollow member 3 by a conduit 8 and is carried away from the hollow member 3 by a conduit 9.
  • These conduits may be in the form of stationary pipes since elements '1-4 remain stationary.
  • the apparatus also includes an outer mold member 10 which is coaxial with the core member 4 andwhich is hollow and water cooled, suitable bafllcs. being located within the mold member 10 for directing the cooling liquid therethrough.
  • the mold member 10 includes an upper portion 11 which has an inner diameter whichcooperates with the core member 4 to provide the cast article with its normal thickness and diameter.
  • the lower part 12 of the outer mold member 10 is of a larger diameter than the upper portion 11 and has a length which gives to the cast article the desired larger transverse dimension of one end thereof. Also, the portion 12 extends through the desired axial distance.
  • the outer mold member 10 rests upon an outwardly extending flange 14 of a vertically movable ring 13 which is carried by a tubular carrying body 15, the, latter being in turn carried by a vertically movable table 16 which is moved up and down in any suitable known way with a structure not shown in the drawings.
  • a vertically movable table 16 which is moved up and down in any suitable known way with a structure not shown in the drawings.
  • the upper portion of the ring 13 closes the bottom end of the annular space defined between the inner core member 4 and the outer mold member 10, and the inner periphery of the ring 13 has a sealed sliding engagement with the outer face of the core member 4 at a part of the latter located just beneath an upper zone thereof, and the ring 13 also has a fluidtight engagement with the outer mold member 10.
  • the outer mold member 10 is raised to such an elevation that the top end of the core member 4 as well as the channel 5 located over the core member 4 are Within a lower or intermediate portion of the mold member 10 which surrounds the core member '4, as is evident from Fig. 1.
  • the table 16 is lowered so that the ring .13 and mold member 10 also move downwardly, and the elevation of the surface level 17 of the molten material is maintained substantially constant and at the same part of the core member 4.
  • the workpiece 18 (Fig. 2) hardens-while the workpiece 18 slides downwardly along the core member 4 andwhile the workpiece 18 remains stationary with respect to the outer mold member 10. Because of the frusto conical configuration of the core member 4, the hardening workpiece can shrink without resistance at its solidified inner surface, while the outer thicker end portion of the work-. piece is still surrounded and retained within the outer mold member 10 during the initial part of the downward movement of the latter and the ring 13.
  • bottom face Qfihe 4 outer mold member 10 engages a stop ring 19 which is adjustably carried (in any suitable way) by the pouring platform 1 in the opening thereof through which the ring member 13 passes and into which the mold member 10 extends.
  • the ring .19 may be threadedly connected to the platform 1 in this opening thereof.
  • the outer mold member 10 has reached its normal position with respect to the core member 4, and at this normal position the workpiece 18 will have elements 1% and 4 form the part thereof of lesser transverse dimension which is located beyond the bottom end portion of the workpiece 18, as viewed in Fig. 2.
  • the further stages of the continuous casting process are carried out while the outer mold member 1% remains stationary, as is evident from Fig. .3.
  • the cooling water may be fed to the interior of the outer mold member 10 through telescoped tubing 20 and may be carried away from the interior of the hollow outer mold member 10 by the telescoped tubing 21, as is also shown diagrammatically in Figs. 1'3.
  • a water cooled hollow outer mold member 22 is provided at its lower end with a configuration which will give the workpiece-the desired increase in diameter at one end portion thereof.
  • the embodiment of Figs. 4 and 5 includes a hollow inner core member 23 which its water cooled and which is carried by a member 24 which is substantially identical with the element 3 described above. This element 24 is supported in the same way as the element 3, and the hollow member 24 serves in the same way as element 3 to lead the cooling water to and from the core member 23.
  • the lowering means which includes the table 25 carries a hollow support member 26 which in turn carries the vertically movable ring 27 provided with an annular projection 28 which extends in a fiuidtight manner into the interior of the bottom end portion of the hollow mold member 22. Furthermore, the ring 27 is fixed at its inner periphery to an upwardly extending tubular member which cooperates with the upper face of the ring 27 to support an inner movable core member 29, this member 29 moving vertically with the ring 27. A stop 32 which may have its elevation adjusted in any known way is carried by the pouring platform. Except for the above features, the embodiment of Figs. 4 and 5 is the same as that of Figs. 1-3.
  • the ring 27 is raised with a respect to the core member '23 to an elevation which places the top end of the core member 29 just below the upper zone of the core member 23 at which the surface level 30 of the molten material is maintained during the continuous casting process.
  • the molten material After .the molten material has been poured into the apparatus shown in Fig. 4 and the surface level 30 of the molten material is at the elevation shown in Fig. 4, the molten material being poured from a channel 31 identical with the channel 5, the table 2.5 is lowered together with the support 26 as well as the ring 27 and the outer mold member 22, while the liquid level 30 is maintained at a substantially constant elevation, and at this time the pouringofthe'portion of the workpiece of normal cross sectiontakesplace. During this downward movement. of the outer mold member together with the ring 27, the inner surface of the workpiece shifts downwardly with respect to the inner core member 23, and the downward movement of elements 22 and 27 commences immediately after the moltenmaterial has reached the surface level shown in Fig. 4, so that the solidifying workpiece-can shrink without resistance.
  • the outer mold member 22 has been lowered to extent which the surface level of the molten material in the outer mold member 22 at an elevation with respect to the latter which is normal tor the continuous casting process, the downward movement of this mold member is stopped by the stop ring 32, so that during the continuous downward movement of the table 25 only the ring 27 with the portions 28 and 29 earned thereby continue to move downwardly.
  • the mner core member 29 is made of a material which simply breaks up during the inner shrinking of the work material.
  • an inner mold member similar to member 29 is made of metal, and in this case the inner surface of the .cast article would not be threaded as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 but would instead be smooth, then such a core member must be moved downwardly out of the workpiece with a separate unillustrated mechanism as soon as the inner surface of the workpiece hardens sufficiently and before any shrinking takes place, so that in this way a metal core member will not be gripped by the shr1nking workpiece, as for instance it is described in U.S. patent application No. 404,679, now Patent No. 2,829,407.
  • the parts take the position shown in Fig. 6 atthe beginning of the casting process, and it will be noted that in this position the outer mold member 33 is elevated to a relatively high elevation with respect to the inner member 34.
  • the vertically movable table 38 is connected to a hyd'raulic cylinder 39.
  • the piston rod of this cylinder in
  • the ring 35 alone is lowered by means of the cylinder 39 and the piston rod 40. As is shown in Fig. 7, that lowering can continue until the thicker end of the workpiece 36 has moved out of the part of the outer mold member 33 which controls the shape of this end of the workpiece, the outer mold member 33 remaining stationary at this time.
  • the outer mold member 33 moves downwards need not correspond to the speed of the downward movement of the vertically movable ring 35 and that of the workpiece 36 which it carries.
  • the speed of the downward movement of the mold 33 in accordance with the requirements; of a particular casting process, can be reduced.
  • the speed with which 38' and the outer mold member 33 ' is for example'only half the speed of downward movement of the movable ring 35 with workpiece 36, it being understoodthat the piston 40 and the movable ring 35 additionally move towards the table 38 also at half speed.
  • Ari elongated hollow piece of gray iron was cast, having a length of 2150 mm., an internal diameter of 750 mm., the external diameter of the upper portion of the, workpiece with normal transverse dimension being 930 mm. and the outwardly extending flange cast thereto having an-outside diameter of 1000 mm. and a thickness of mm.
  • the temperature of the molten metal, when being poured, was 1320" C.
  • the surface of molten iron had reached the level 37 shown in Fig. 6.
  • the vertically movable ring was being lowered by means of the cylinder 39 and the piston 40 at a speed of 120 mm. per minute.
  • cooling water put through the cooling system was 1500 litres per minute, and the time required for the complete casting process was 19 /2 minutes.
  • the outer mold member is; made of one, piecej A1- thouglrlthisconstruction is preferred, it isnot absolutely". essentiahand. the upper portion ofthe outer mold mem-s beriwhichlisiofl normal cross section may be made separateofromthe lowerportion of the mold member which: has the enlarged cross sectioni- It-is possible to make this lower enlarged portion of the outer mold member in the form of a member integral with the vertically movable.
  • the upper part of the outer mold memberfl would move downwardly-with the ring through the desired dis-' takesplace with respect to the inner core member, while a part ofthe process may include practically no relative movement between the outer mold member and the workpiece because of the lowering of the outer mold member with the workpiecetso that this part of the process is similar to stationary casting with respect to the outer mold member.
  • the molten material is poured into the annular space between an inner core member and an. outer mold-member which initially have a position such as that shown in Fig. 2, for example, then during the time that the surface level of the molten material rises to the desired elevation there is a great danger of thenlow er portion of the material hardening sufficiently to shrink tightly ontoth'e inner core member.
  • the work material starts to move downwardly along the inner core member immediately'after the work material firstengages the core member, sothat the work material does not remain in engagement with the core member while the surface level of the work material rises. Because of the tapering of the core member and because of the continuous downward movement of the work material with respect to the core member thework material can shrink without any danger of seizing the core member.
  • a hollow body continuous casting process which includes. in part -the lowering of an outer mold member with respect to an inner core member, the step of startingthe process by positioning the outer mold member and the innercore member at relative elevations which locate the inner core member within the outer mold member at an elevation with respect to said outer mold member which islbwer than an elevation of said core member in which the top 1 of said ou-ter mold member is substantially 9 flush with the top surface of said core member by an amount substantially equal to the extent through which the outer mold member is lowered during the casting process.
  • a continuous casting apparatus in combination, an inner stationary core member; an outer mold member coaxial with said core member and having a bottom end portion substantially beneath the top of said outer mold member, said bottom end portion surrounding an upper portion of said core member and defining an annular space therewith; a ring closing the bottom of said annular space, said ring surrounding and engaging said core member and also engaging said bottom end portion of said mold member; and means for lowering said ring and outer mold member with respect to said core member from a position in which said ring is located at a part of said core member just beneath the part thereof where the liquid level of the molten material is maintained during the continuous casting.
  • an inner stationary core member in combination, an inner stationary core member; an outer mold member coaxial with said core member and having a portion substantially beneath the top of said outer mold member surrounding an upper portion of said core member and defining an annular space therewith; a mold ring closing the bottom of said annular space, said mold ring surrounding and engaging said core member and also engaging a lower part of said outer mold member so that said mold member rests on said ring; means operatively connected to said mold ring for lowering said mold ring and said outer mold member resting thereon with respect to said core member from a position in which said ring is located at the part of said core member just beneath the part thereof where the liquid level of the mold material is maintained during the continuous casting; and a stop ring located beneath said mold member for engaging and stopping the downward movement thereof while said mold ring continues to move downwardly.
  • said outer mold member having a lower portion of a larger diameter than the remainder of said mold member above said lower portion thereof and said stop ring being located at an elevation which stops the lowering of said outer mold member when a part of the inner surface of said mold member above said lower portion thereof is located at the elevation of a part of said inner core member at which the surface level of the molten material is maintained during the continuous casting.
  • an inner stationary core member having a substantially vertical axis; an outer mold member coaxial with and surrounding said core member and defining an annular space therewith, said mold member having a lower end portion of a larger interior diameter than the remainder of said mold member; a ring surrounding and slidably engaging said core member and engaging the bottom end of said mold member so as to support said mold member; means for lowering said ring and said mold member supported thereon with respect to said core member along the axis of the latter; and stop means located in the path ofdownward movement of said mold member for limiting the downward movement thereof while permitting further downward movement of said ring.
  • said ring having a tubular member fixed to its inner periphery and surrounding said inner core member, said tubular member extending from the top face of said ring upwardly along said core member; and a second core member engaging the outer face of said tubular member and the upper face of said ring for defining the inner surface of a cast article at an end portion of the latter which is carried by said ring during the casting process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
US645085A 1956-03-15 1957-03-11 Continuous casting process and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2941266A (en)

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DE2941266X 1956-03-15

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US (1) US2941266A (fi)
BE (1) BE553248A (fi)
CH (1) CH348242A (fi)
DE (1) DE1070787B (fi)
FR (1) FR1169042A (fi)
NL (2) NL104710C (fi)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3409068A (en) * 1965-07-01 1968-11-05 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Method of continuously casting tubes using a rotating mandrel
US3965965A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-06-29 Technicon Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal tubing
US3990500A (en) * 1973-03-16 1976-11-09 Paton Boris E Apparatus with core for making hollow ingots by electroslag remelting
US3995357A (en) * 1974-12-16 1976-12-07 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Integrally cast bearing, method and apparatus for making same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2321356A1 (fr) * 1975-08-22 1977-03-18 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Dispositif pour l'elaboration de lingots creux par refusion d'electrodes sous laitier electroconducteur
FR2548935B1 (fr) * 1983-07-12 1986-07-11 Pont A Mousson Procede et installation pour la coulee continue d'un tuyau en fonte a emboitement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2130202A (en) * 1936-08-19 1938-09-13 Tama Manuel Continuously casting pipe
US2367123A (en) * 1943-05-08 1945-01-09 Kellogg M W Co Apparatus for producing metal bodies
DE877940C (de) * 1951-01-25 1953-05-28 Siegfried Dr-Ing E H Junghans Vorrichtung an Durchlauf-Giessformen zum Giessen von Muffenrohren

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2130202A (en) * 1936-08-19 1938-09-13 Tama Manuel Continuously casting pipe
US2367123A (en) * 1943-05-08 1945-01-09 Kellogg M W Co Apparatus for producing metal bodies
DE877940C (de) * 1951-01-25 1953-05-28 Siegfried Dr-Ing E H Junghans Vorrichtung an Durchlauf-Giessformen zum Giessen von Muffenrohren

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3409068A (en) * 1965-07-01 1968-11-05 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Method of continuously casting tubes using a rotating mandrel
US3990500A (en) * 1973-03-16 1976-11-09 Paton Boris E Apparatus with core for making hollow ingots by electroslag remelting
US3995357A (en) * 1974-12-16 1976-12-07 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Integrally cast bearing, method and apparatus for making same
US3965965A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-06-29 Technicon Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal tubing

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Publication number Publication date
CH348242A (de) 1960-08-15
NL212789A (fi)
FR1169042A (fr) 1958-12-19
BE553248A (fi)
NL104710C (fi)
DE1070787B (fi)

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