US2930921A - Process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury and product - Google Patents
Process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury and product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2930921A US2930921A US507183A US50718355A US2930921A US 2930921 A US2930921 A US 2930921A US 507183 A US507183 A US 507183A US 50718355 A US50718355 A US 50718355A US 2930921 A US2930921 A US 2930921A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- chamber
- filling
- discharge chamber
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
- H01J9/395—Filling vessels
Definitions
- the process according to the present invention involves a further development of process ,(c) described above. It avoids the mentioned disadvantage of method (0) by immediately chemically binding the oxygen liberated by the decomposition of the mercury oxide.
- ac- The iron present'in the mixture serves to moderate the otherwise explosive reaction.
- a suitable'ratio of the ingredients of the mixture is 1 part by weight of the mercury oxide, 1 part by weight of zirconium and 2 parts by weight of iron.
- zirconium any other reducing agent may be used which is not vaporized at the reaction temperature. 'Zirconium is especially adapted for economical use. In place of iron other metals may be used such as nickel, manganese, chromium or cobalt.
- a support is provided within the chamber and a compressed pill formed of the above mentioned materials in powdered form is secured to the support.
- the chamber is then evacuated in the known manner at a temperature of, for example, 400 C.
- the carrier alone is heated to about 700 C. to start the reaction.
- the carrier advantageously can be made of nickel which is easy to degas.
- the mercury which is liberated and vaporized by the reaction condenses on the cold parts of the chamber. The amount of mercury which is lost through the pump is not worth mentioning. There is no other gaseous or volatile material which remains to be pumped out or which will contaminate the chamber.
- the reaction residue forms a coherent, hard sinter of ZrO Zr, Fe O and Fe. Consequently the chamber can be sealed shortly after the burning of the pill.
- the purity of the mercury generated and released by the mixture depends upon the use of pure mercury oxide.
- An especial advantage of the simple and inexpensive process is the accurate dosability'of the mercury oxide.
- a discharge chamber made in accordance with the invention is generally characterized in that it containsthe carrier or support upon which a sinter body has been formed, said sinter body containing the oxide of the reducing agent, unconsumed reducing agent and oxide of the metal used to moderate the reaction.
- the discharge chamber referred to above 2 is the electrode, 3 is the electrode -support,'4 is the support for the mixture of mercury oxide, reducing agent and reaction retarder and 5 is a compressed pill of said mixture.
- Process for filling a discharge chamber with me cury which comprises supporting therein a mixture of mercury oxide, a first metallic reducing agent capable of thermite type reaction with the mercury oxide to liberate mercury and form a stable, non-volatile oxide thereof, said reducing agent being not volatile at the reaction 7 temperature, and a second metallic reducing agent capable of moderating said thermite type reaction, evacuating the chamber and heating said mixture to a temperature suflicient to initiate said thermite reaction.
- a process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury which comprises supporting therein a mixture of v. mercury oxide, zirconium and iron, evacuating the cham- References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,780,504 Risler Nov. 4, 1930 1,855,901 Bareiss et a1. Apr. 26, 1932 1,878,159 Mailey Sept. 20, 1932 Kuhne et a1. July 23, 1940
Description
March 29, 1960 c. CAPPELLETTI ET 2,930,921
, PROCESS OF FILLING A DISCHARGE CHAMBER v WITH MERCURY AND PRODUCT Filed May 9. 1955 INVENI'ORS Cahla C 5'5 am {WWW I ATTORNEY 5 United States Patent PROCESS OF FILLING A DISCHARGE CHAMBER WITH MERCURY AND PRGDUCT Carlo Cappelletti, Baden, Gysbert Jacob -Ekkers,Wet-
fingen, and Walter Meier, Baden, Switzerland, assignors to Patelhold Patentverwertungs- & Elektro-Holding A.-G., Glarus, Switzerland Application May 9, 1955, Serial No. 507,183
Claims priority, application Switzerland May 28, 1954 4 Claims. or. 313-174 The following methods for filling a discharge chamber with mercury are known.
(a) The' insertion of the mercury into the chamber before the evacuation there0f.T his method has the disadvantage that thevessel cannot be heated to a temperature sufl'lcient for a thorough degassing because the mercury would be vaporized and the mercury vapor would be lost through the pump. Besides, the mercury readily may become contaminated.
(b) Introduction of mercury into the chamber cannected to the pump after the evacuation.In this method the mercury cannot be accurately measured and the process is expensive and requires special pumping equipment.
(c) The liberation of the mercury in the chamber,
after it has been evacuated, by decomposition of mercury oxide which is present on a heatable support within the chamber.-The disadvantage of this method is that there is a large amount of oxygen which cannot be removed from the chamber quickly enough with the usual pumping equipment. The long pumping time required increases the danger of damage by oxidation. r
The process according to the present invention involves a further development of process ,(c) described above. It avoids the mentioned disadvantage of method (0) by immediately chemically binding the oxygen liberated by the decomposition of the mercury oxide. In ac- The iron present'in the mixture serves to moderate the otherwise explosive reaction. A suitable'ratio of the ingredients of the mixture is 1 part by weight of the mercury oxide, 1 part by weight of zirconium and 2 parts by weight of iron.
In place of zirconium any other reducing agent may be used which is not vaporized at the reaction temperature. 'Zirconium is especially adapted for economical use. In place of iron other metals may be used such as nickel, manganese, chromium or cobalt.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
For carrying out the process a support is provided within the chamber and a compressed pill formed of the above mentioned materials in powdered form is secured to the support. The chamber is then evacuated in the known manner at a temperature of, for example, 400 C. After the evacuated chamber has cooled the carrier alone is heated to about 700 C. to start the reaction. This may be done advantageously by magnetic induction which of course requires that the carrier must be made of metal. The carrier advantageously can be made of nickel which is easy to degas. The mercury which is liberated and vaporized by the reaction condenses on the cold parts of the chamber. The amount of mercury which is lost through the pump is not worth mentioning. There is no other gaseous or volatile material which remains to be pumped out or which will contaminate the chamber. The reaction residue forms a coherent, hard sinter of ZrO Zr, Fe O and Fe. Consequently the chamber can be sealed shortly after the burning of the pill.
The purity of the mercury generated and released by the mixture depends upon the use of pure mercury oxide. An especial advantage of the simple and inexpensive process is the accurate dosability'of the mercury oxide.
A discharge chamber made in accordance with the invention is generally characterized in that it containsthe carrier or support upon which a sinter body has been formed, said sinter body containing the oxide of the reducing agent, unconsumed reducing agent and oxide of the metal used to moderate the reaction.
Referring to the drawing 1 is the discharge chamber referred to above, 2 is the electrode, 3 is the electrode -support,'4 is the support for the mixture of mercury oxide, reducing agent and reaction retarder and 5 is a compressed pill of said mixture.
We claim:
1. Process for filling a discharge chamber with me cury which comprises supporting therein a mixture of mercury oxide, a first metallic reducing agent capable of thermite type reaction with the mercury oxide to liberate mercury and form a stable, non-volatile oxide thereof, said reducing agent being not volatile at the reaction 7 temperature, and a second metallic reducing agent capable of moderating said thermite type reaction, evacuating the chamber and heating said mixture to a temperature suflicient to initiate said thermite reaction.
2. A process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury which comprises supporting therein a mixture of v. mercury oxide, zirconium and iron, evacuating the cham- References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,780,504 Risler Nov. 4, 1930 1,855,901 Bareiss et a1. Apr. 26, 1932 1,878,159 Mailey Sept. 20, 1932 Kuhne et a1. July 23, 1940
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH798751X | 1954-05-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2930921A true US2930921A (en) | 1960-03-29 |
Family
ID=4537492
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US507183A Expired - Lifetime US2930921A (en) | 1954-05-28 | 1955-05-09 | Process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury and product |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2930921A (en) |
CH (1) | CH319397A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1020122B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1125256A (en) |
GB (1) | GB798751A (en) |
NL (1) | NL98429C (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3230027A (en) * | 1962-03-28 | 1966-01-18 | Hivac Ltd | Method of constructing cold cathode gas discharge tubes |
US3385645A (en) * | 1966-03-24 | 1968-05-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of dosing the arc tube of a mercury-additive lamp |
US3401296A (en) * | 1964-04-29 | 1968-09-10 | Csf | Mercury vapor generating means for discharge tubes |
US4553067A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1985-11-12 | Gte Products Corporation | Method of dispensing mercury into a fluorescent lamp and lamp to operate with method |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1186557B (en) * | 1962-03-28 | 1965-02-04 | Hivac Ltd | Process for the production of a cold cathode gas discharge tube containing mercury |
DE10117365A1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-10 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Low-pressure discharge lamp |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1780504A (en) * | 1927-06-03 | 1930-11-04 | Risler Corp Of America | Rectifying tube |
US1855901A (en) * | 1929-08-21 | 1932-04-26 | Gen Electric | Process for introducing mercury into discharge tubes and apparatus therefor |
US1878159A (en) * | 1929-01-12 | 1932-09-20 | Gen Electric Vapor Lamp Co | Gas or vapor electric device and method of controlling the same |
US2208987A (en) * | 1938-05-24 | 1940-07-23 | Gen Electric | Electric incandescent lamp |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE519079C (en) * | 1929-08-22 | 1931-02-23 | Aeg | Method for introducing mercury into discharge tubes |
DE916552C (en) * | 1943-12-09 | 1954-08-12 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Process for introducing mercury into electrical discharge vessels |
-
0
- NL NL98429D patent/NL98429C/xx active
-
1954
- 1954-05-28 CH CH319397D patent/CH319397A/en unknown
- 1954-06-25 DE DEP12207A patent/DE1020122B/en active Pending
-
1955
- 1955-05-09 US US507183A patent/US2930921A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1955-05-24 GB GB14932/55A patent/GB798751A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-05-25 FR FR1125256D patent/FR1125256A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1780504A (en) * | 1927-06-03 | 1930-11-04 | Risler Corp Of America | Rectifying tube |
US1878159A (en) * | 1929-01-12 | 1932-09-20 | Gen Electric Vapor Lamp Co | Gas or vapor electric device and method of controlling the same |
US1855901A (en) * | 1929-08-21 | 1932-04-26 | Gen Electric | Process for introducing mercury into discharge tubes and apparatus therefor |
US2208987A (en) * | 1938-05-24 | 1940-07-23 | Gen Electric | Electric incandescent lamp |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3230027A (en) * | 1962-03-28 | 1966-01-18 | Hivac Ltd | Method of constructing cold cathode gas discharge tubes |
US3401296A (en) * | 1964-04-29 | 1968-09-10 | Csf | Mercury vapor generating means for discharge tubes |
US3385645A (en) * | 1966-03-24 | 1968-05-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of dosing the arc tube of a mercury-additive lamp |
US4553067A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1985-11-12 | Gte Products Corporation | Method of dispensing mercury into a fluorescent lamp and lamp to operate with method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL98429C (en) | |
CH319397A (en) | 1957-02-15 |
FR1125256A (en) | 1956-10-29 |
DE1020122B (en) | 1957-11-28 |
GB798751A (en) | 1958-07-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
GB1182150A (en) | Alkali Metal Vapour Dispensers. | |
US2930921A (en) | Process of filling a discharge chamber with mercury and product | |
Basolo et al. | DICHLORO-BIS-(2, 2'-DIPYRIDYL)-IRON (II) AND DICHLORO-BIS-(1, 10-PHENANTHROLINE)-IRON (II) | |
GB1525900A (en) | Production of porous tantalum pellets | |
US3318649A (en) | Charging electronic tubes with mercury | |
US3598384A (en) | Metal vapor generators | |
US1623323A (en) | Method of introducing volatile matter into lamps and the like | |
US5011742A (en) | Article for controlling the oxygen content in tantalum material | |
US3401296A (en) | Mercury vapor generating means for discharge tubes | |
US3663121A (en) | Generation of metal vapors | |
US2217205A (en) | Photoelectric tube | |
US2919368A (en) | Gaseous reservoir and method | |
US1855901A (en) | Process for introducing mercury into discharge tubes and apparatus therefor | |
GB354785A (en) | Improvements in the manufacture of refractory metals such as tungsten | |
US1707637A (en) | Method of producing metallic cesium | |
US2446062A (en) | Manufacture of thorium | |
US2685546A (en) | Method for reducing the permeability of alloys by hydrogen | |
US1719975A (en) | Annealed thorium and method of making the same | |
US1963829A (en) | Producing high vacua | |
US2159810A (en) | Sealing material for vacuum vessels | |
GB700607A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of alloys | |
US3098166A (en) | Gaseous reservoir and method | |
GB817066A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of dispenser cathodes | |
GB1265197A (en) | ||
SU423311A3 (en) | METHOD OF OBTAINING LOW-CARBON CHROME STEEL |