US2914836A - Method of making synthetic pile fabrics - Google Patents
Method of making synthetic pile fabrics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2914836A US2914836A US667989A US66798957A US2914836A US 2914836 A US2914836 A US 2914836A US 667989 A US667989 A US 667989A US 66798957 A US66798957 A US 66798957A US 2914836 A US2914836 A US 2914836A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- synthetic
- pile
- napping
- siloxane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- -1 METHYL RADICALS Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001843 polymethylhydrosiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002466 Dynel Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYIBGDKNYYMMAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diol;terephthalic acid Chemical compound OCCO.OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 FYIBGDKNYYMMAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PQPVPZTVJLXQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-methyl-phenylsilicon Chemical compound C[Si](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PQPVPZTVJLXQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117958 vinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002348 vinylic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
- D06M15/6436—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain containing amino groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
- D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/01—Silicones
Description
United States Patent 2,914,836 METHOD or MAKING smrg m ABRICS 2 Claims. eras-112) more economically 'a'syntheticpilefabi'ic.
It is the primary object of this invention to prepare suitable pile fabrics in a more economical manner than has heretofore been possible.
In accordance with this invention a pile fabric is 'inventionrelates to'a novel rnethod of preparing prepared by the steps comprising (1) treating a flat tricot knit fabric in which a high percentage of the staple fiber is a synthetic organic fiber, with a methylsilicone fluid in which at least a major proportion of the organic radicals are methyl radicals, (2) napping the fabric, (3) passing the fabric'near an electrostatic bar to cause the napped fibers to stand out, (4) again napping the fabric to develop the desired pile, and then finishing the fabric.
Applicant has found that when a tricot knit fabric is first treated with a silicone then napped and passed near an electrostatic bar that the fabric is placed in condition for the production of an excellent pile material by further napping. Equivalent results are not obtained when the silicone is applied after the first napping or after passing near the electrostatic bar.
The process of this invention can be carried out on conventional textile equipment and inasmuch as a flat tricot knit fabric can be employed the process is much cheaper than has heretofore been used in the preparation of synthetic pile fabrics.
Fabrics which are suitable for use in this invention are those which contain a high percentage of synthetic staple fibers such as the fibers obtained from synthetic cellulose such as cellulose triacetate; synthetic polyesters such as polymers of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; synthetic acrylic polymers such as polyacrylonitrile (Orlon) and copolymers of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride (Dynel) and synthetic vinylic polymers such as copolymers of vinylchloride and vinylidene chloride; copolymers of vinylacetate and vinylchloride; and synthetic polyamides such as polymers of hexylenediamine and adipic acid. In addition, the fabric can contain natural fibers such as cotton, wool, linen and the like. The precise amount of synthetic fiber in the fabric can vary widely but in general at least is desirable.
The knit fabric can be treated with the methylsiloxane in any desired manner. Thus, the siloxane may be sprayed on the fabric or the fabric may be passed through a solution or an emulsion of the siloxane.
' When a solution or an emulsion of the siloxane is employed it is best to dry the siloxane before napping. This may be done by heating the fabric at a suitable temperature such as 350 F. or below.
The siloxanes which are suitable for use in this invention include any fluid methylpolysiloxane such as dimethylsiloxane; methylhydrogensiloxane; copolymers of ,dimethyland trimethylsiloxane; copolymers of dimeth- 2,914,836 Ratented Dec. 1, 1959 "ice the methylsiloxanes can also contain minor amounts of other hydrocarbon substituted siloxanes suchas phenylmethylsiloxane, diethylsiloxane, vinylmethyl siloxane, ethylmethylsiloxane, ethylhydrogensiloxane, ,octadecylmethylsiloxane and tolylmethylsiloxane.
After treatment .with the siloxane the fabric is napped in "the conventional manner and is then passed near an electrostatic .bar. "The'bar will have a charge opposite to the charge on the fabric. (This causes the napped fibers to standout 'from'the surface of the fabric.
The (fabric is then passed'through another napping station where the napping is .carried out to the extent necessaryto givethev desired pile. If desired, ,a plurality ofrnapping stations. may ;be employed 'at'this point; The fabric'is then ready'for finishing.
The finishing of the fabric will depend-upon'the type of fabric employed. In general, the finishing entails passing the fabric through a heating station so as to fix the fabric. This process is conventional with the preparation of synthetic fabrics. Prior or subsequent to this heating the fabric may be treated with additional organesiloxane compositions in order to impart a better hand and other desirable features to the fabric. Other finishing steps can include shearing the pile to the desired height and running the fabric face up through an ironing machine of the Furtex type. This latter step imparts added luster to the fabric.
If desired, organic resins-such as melamine formaldehyde and urea formaldehyde resins can be applied to the fabric in order to increase the dimensional stability thereof. These resins can be employed along with the organosiloxane either before or after napping or they can be applied separately to the fabric.
If desired, the organosiloxanes employed herein may contain curing catalysts so that they cure during the drying step. However, it is not essential that the siloxane be cured or that the siloxane be capable of curing under the conditions of the manufacture of the fabric. However, it is preferred that a curable siloxane be employed, such as, for example, mixtures of dimethylsiloxane and methylhydrogensiloxane.
Specific examples of the process of this invention are given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
Example 1 nap to stand up. The fabric was then further napped to give an extensive pile and thereafter heated above 250 F. to fix the fabric. The resulting fabric had a full luxuriant pile.
Example 2 A suitable pile fabric is obtained when the above fabric is treated with a 2% emulsion of a fluid copolymer of dimethylsiloxane, trimethylsiloxane and monomethylsiloxane.
Example 3 Equivalent results are obtained when the process of Example 1 is carried out with polyamide fabrics (nylon), and with fabrics composed of mixtures of 50% wool and 50% terephthalic acid-ethylene glycol polyester fibers (Dacron).
' 3 Example 4 mer of 10 mol percent vinylmethylsiloxane, 10 mol percent 'phenylmethylsiloxane, 10 mol percent diethyl siloxane, 30 mol percent dimethylsiloxane and 40 mol percent methylhydrogensiloxane, is employed in the process of Example 1.
That which is claimed is:
1. A method of preparing a synthetic pile fabric which comprises the steps of (1) treating a fat tricot knit fabric consisting essentially of staple fibers, a high percentage of which is synthetic organic fiber, with a methylsilicone 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the methylsilicone fluid is a mixture of a methylsiloxane of the formula where n has a value from 1.9 to 2.1 inclusive and a methylhydrogenpolysiloxane.
References Cited in the fileof this patent "2,758,355 Kradoska Aug, 14, 1956 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent Nea 2,914,836 December 1, 1959' I Richard H, Montgomery It is hereby certified that error appears in the-printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 3, line' 10 for "a fat tricot knit fabric" read a flat tricot knit fabric .Signed and sealed this 10th day of May 1960,
(SEAL Attest? KARL Hg AXLINE Attesting Officer ROBERT C. WATSON Commissioner of Patents
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF PREPARING A SYNTHETIC PILE FABRIC WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF (1) TREATING A FAT TRICOT KNIT FABRIC CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF STAPLE FIBERS, A HIGH PERCENTAGE OF WHICH IS SYNTHETIC ORGANIC FIBER, WITH A METHYLSILICONE FLUID IN WHICH AT LEAST A MAJOR PROPORTION OF THE ORGANIC RADICALS ARE METHYL RADICALS, (2) NAPPING THE FABRIC SO TREATED, (3) PASSING THE FABRIC NEAR AN ELECTROSTATIC BAR TO CAUSE THE NAPPED FIBERS TO STAND OUT, (4) AGAIN NAPPING THE FABRIC TO DEVELOP THE DESIRED PILE, AND THEN FINISHING THE FABRIC.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US667989A US2914836A (en) | 1957-06-25 | 1957-06-25 | Method of making synthetic pile fabrics |
| GB12593/58A GB837366A (en) | 1957-06-25 | 1958-04-21 | A method for making pile fabric |
| FR1209130D FR1209130A (en) | 1957-06-25 | 1958-05-14 | Manufacturing process of synthetic fabrics lined with animal hair |
| DED28388A DE1086668B (en) | 1957-06-25 | 1958-06-25 | Process for the production of plush-like knitted fabric |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US667989A US2914836A (en) | 1957-06-25 | 1957-06-25 | Method of making synthetic pile fabrics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2914836A true US2914836A (en) | 1959-12-01 |
Family
ID=24680518
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US667989A Expired - Lifetime US2914836A (en) | 1957-06-25 | 1957-06-25 | Method of making synthetic pile fabrics |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2914836A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1086668B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1209130A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB837366A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3090097A (en) * | 1959-02-24 | 1963-05-21 | Terlinden & Company | Method of making synthetic velvetlike knitted fabric |
| US3096561A (en) * | 1959-12-14 | 1963-07-09 | Collins & Aikman Corp | Tufted pile fabric and method |
| US3271189A (en) * | 1962-03-02 | 1966-09-06 | Beaunit Corp | Process of treating synthetic fibers |
| US3387989A (en) * | 1965-09-20 | 1968-06-11 | Reeves Bros Inc | Simulated leather products |
| US3494788A (en) * | 1967-04-26 | 1970-02-10 | Dow Corning | Antisoiling treatment of a fibrous material and the treated material |
| US3619281A (en) * | 1969-02-07 | 1971-11-09 | Inst Silikon & Fluorkarbonchem | Process for the improvement of textiles by the use of silicones and hardening accelerators |
| US3637427A (en) * | 1968-01-13 | 1972-01-25 | Nippon Rayon Kk | Process for imparting high-elastic recovery to extensible knitted or woven fabrics and product obtained |
| US3639154A (en) * | 1968-07-20 | 1972-02-01 | Kanegafuchi Spinning Co Ltd | Process for manufacturing fibrous structure having excellent recovery from extension by treatment with polyorganosiloxane and a polyethylene glycol or derivative thereof |
| US3650800A (en) * | 1968-04-25 | 1972-03-21 | Bayer Ag | Textile products and production thereof |
| US5439677A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1995-08-08 | The Dial Corp. | Compositions and methods for treating hair using a mixture of polysiloxanes |
| US6099932A (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-08-08 | Gehring Textiles, Inc. | Loop fabric for hook and-loop type fastener and method of making the same |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2019258A (en) * | 1933-08-16 | 1935-10-29 | Celanese Corp | Warp knit fabric |
| US2588365A (en) * | 1949-11-10 | 1952-03-11 | Dow Corning | Method of rendering fabrics waterrepellent and product resulting therefrom |
| US2622307A (en) * | 1951-03-08 | 1952-12-23 | Mohawk Carpet Mills Inc | Soil-resistant pile fabric |
| US2630619A (en) * | 1950-11-13 | 1953-03-10 | Borg George W Corp | Knitted pile fabrics and process of manufacture |
| US2700202A (en) * | 1952-10-08 | 1955-01-25 | Proctor & Schwartz Inc | Method of treating tubular knitted fabric |
| US2734834A (en) * | 1955-02-04 | 1956-02-14 | Coated pile fabric and method of making | |
| US2758355A (en) * | 1953-02-11 | 1956-08-14 | Kradoska Joseph William | Apparatus for producing a design in pile fabric |
-
1957
- 1957-06-25 US US667989A patent/US2914836A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1958
- 1958-04-21 GB GB12593/58A patent/GB837366A/en not_active Expired
- 1958-05-14 FR FR1209130D patent/FR1209130A/en not_active Expired
- 1958-06-25 DE DED28388A patent/DE1086668B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2019258A (en) * | 1933-08-16 | 1935-10-29 | Celanese Corp | Warp knit fabric |
| US2588365A (en) * | 1949-11-10 | 1952-03-11 | Dow Corning | Method of rendering fabrics waterrepellent and product resulting therefrom |
| US2630619A (en) * | 1950-11-13 | 1953-03-10 | Borg George W Corp | Knitted pile fabrics and process of manufacture |
| US2622307A (en) * | 1951-03-08 | 1952-12-23 | Mohawk Carpet Mills Inc | Soil-resistant pile fabric |
| US2700202A (en) * | 1952-10-08 | 1955-01-25 | Proctor & Schwartz Inc | Method of treating tubular knitted fabric |
| US2758355A (en) * | 1953-02-11 | 1956-08-14 | Kradoska Joseph William | Apparatus for producing a design in pile fabric |
| US2734834A (en) * | 1955-02-04 | 1956-02-14 | Coated pile fabric and method of making |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3090097A (en) * | 1959-02-24 | 1963-05-21 | Terlinden & Company | Method of making synthetic velvetlike knitted fabric |
| US3096561A (en) * | 1959-12-14 | 1963-07-09 | Collins & Aikman Corp | Tufted pile fabric and method |
| US3271189A (en) * | 1962-03-02 | 1966-09-06 | Beaunit Corp | Process of treating synthetic fibers |
| US3387989A (en) * | 1965-09-20 | 1968-06-11 | Reeves Bros Inc | Simulated leather products |
| US3494788A (en) * | 1967-04-26 | 1970-02-10 | Dow Corning | Antisoiling treatment of a fibrous material and the treated material |
| US3637427A (en) * | 1968-01-13 | 1972-01-25 | Nippon Rayon Kk | Process for imparting high-elastic recovery to extensible knitted or woven fabrics and product obtained |
| US3650800A (en) * | 1968-04-25 | 1972-03-21 | Bayer Ag | Textile products and production thereof |
| US3639154A (en) * | 1968-07-20 | 1972-02-01 | Kanegafuchi Spinning Co Ltd | Process for manufacturing fibrous structure having excellent recovery from extension by treatment with polyorganosiloxane and a polyethylene glycol or derivative thereof |
| US3619281A (en) * | 1969-02-07 | 1971-11-09 | Inst Silikon & Fluorkarbonchem | Process for the improvement of textiles by the use of silicones and hardening accelerators |
| US5439677A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1995-08-08 | The Dial Corp. | Compositions and methods for treating hair using a mixture of polysiloxanes |
| US6099932A (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2000-08-08 | Gehring Textiles, Inc. | Loop fabric for hook and-loop type fastener and method of making the same |
| US6854297B1 (en) * | 1997-12-31 | 2005-02-15 | Gehring Textiles, Inc. | Loop fabric for hook-and-loop type fastener and method of making the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1209130A (en) | 1960-02-29 |
| GB837366A (en) | 1960-06-15 |
| DE1086668B (en) | 1960-08-11 |
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