US3055773A - Textile finishing procedures and compositions - Google Patents
Textile finishing procedures and compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3055773A US3055773A US746101A US74610158A US3055773A US 3055773 A US3055773 A US 3055773A US 746101 A US746101 A US 746101A US 74610158 A US74610158 A US 74610158A US 3055773 A US3055773 A US 3055773A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wool
- ethylene urea
- bath
- dimethylol
- melamine
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to textile finishing and particularly to finishes for wool, wool blend fabrics or synthetic fabrics having a woolly texture construction or appearance.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide enhanced shrinkage control for W001 and wool blend fabrics in which both the felting shrinkage and relaxation shrinkage will be satisfactorily conrolled and in which there will be a high degree of stabilization with a substantial reduction of felting shrinkage.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a finishing treatment which will eliminate the tendency of the individual fibers to twist and mat together resulting in shrinkage when the fabrics are exposed to heat, moisture or mechanical treatment.
- dialkylol ethylene urea and a low proportion of the methylol melamine resin in the ratio of between 2:1 to 6:1 with a preferred ratio of 4: 1.
- the preferred ethylene urea is dimethylol ethylene urea and the preferred melamine is a methylated, ethylated or propylated dimethylol melamine to hexamethylol melamine, a tetra methylol melamine being preferred.
- the present textile finishing composition is preferably composed of (a) Methylol melamine resin in water soluble state, with the methylol groups being present in the amount 2 to 6 methylol groups per mol of melamine in the proportion of about parts by weight.
- composition there is utilized about 77 parts by weight of a 40% solution of dimethylol ethylene urea (40% active) and about 23 parts of methylated methylol melamine (55% active) having two to six methylol groups.
- an ether such as the methyl or ethyl ether of dimethylol urea.
- Alkylated urea formaldehyde resin (propyl or butyl ether) in dispersion (50% active) 5
- the above active percentages indicate the amount of active solid ingredients in the aqueous solution, the balance being principally water.
- the ethylene urea may be used in the form of the diethylol compound.
- the melamine is preferably utilized in the form of its methylated methylol derivative.
- the ethylene urea is usually employed in the form of its dimethylol derivative.
- alkylated urea formaldehyde resins such as methyl, isopropyl or butyl compounds of urea formaldehyde resins which enhance the action of the methylol ethylene urea and melamine compounds.
- the fabric is run through the above compositions in which the solid content of the bath may range from three to five percent.
- a catalyst such 'as zinc nitrate, in the amount of three to twenty percent of the solid content.
- magnesium chloride or ammonium chloride, sulphate or phosphate or various organic amine chlorides or sulphates.
- softeners for example, quaternaries, such as triethyl stearyl ammonium ethosulfate; polyglycol fatty esters, such as the stearic acid ester of polyethylene glycol, having a molecular weight of 1300- 1-600 (Carbowax 1540), or the stearic acid ester of polyethylene glycol 400; silicones, such as mixtures of dimethyl and methyl hydrogen polysiloxanes in emulsion form; or polyethylene used in emulsion form.
- quaternaries such as triethyl stearyl ammonium ethosulfate
- polyglycol fatty esters such as the stearic acid ester of polyethylene glycol, having a molecular weight of 1300- 1-600 (Carbowax 1540), or the stearic acid ester of polyethylene glycol 400
- silicones such as mixtures of dimethyl and methyl hydrogen polysiloxanes in emulsion form
- polyethylene used in emulsion form
- softeners protect the wool fibers against any weakening or embrittling effect which might be caused by the resin and the high temperature curing used in setting this resin, as well as lubricating and softening effects.
- the range of softener is preferably 5% to 10% in the product, but may range from 2% to 20%.
- the fabric should be secured, bleached and dyed before it passes through the bath containing the above compounds and the catalyst should be added to the bath just before the wool fabric passes therethrough,
- the final fabric will have full hand with a soft dry worsted texture.
- the amount of dried resin applied to a fabric should not be over 5% and the textile during the drying and curing operations should be maintained at a pH value more acid than 5.0. Adverse fabric characteristics imparted by acidity and resinous lay-products are circumvented by washing the cured textile for a few minutes in an alkaline detergent solution.
- the present treatment imparts shrinkage resistance to wool by a combination of a dimethylol ethylene urea, an alkylated methylol melamine and an alkyl ether, preferably the butyl or isopropyl ether of dimethylol urea.
- the preferred parts by weight ratio is 3:1:02-05 of dimethylol ethylene urea, methylated methylol melamine, and dimethylol urea ether respectively.
- a dispersing agent is used to emulsify the butyl or propyl dimethylol urea ether when used.
- compositions of Examples I to IV when used on wool fabrics or Wool-rayon fabrics or wool-cotton fabrics or wool-Dacron (polyethylene terephthalate) fabrics will produce a substantial reduction of the felting shrinkage, using 10% to 20% of the composition by weight based upon the weight of the bath.
- the fabric was then dried and subsequently cured at 290 C. for 5 minutes.
- Example V [Wool-rayon union (6040)] Shrinkage, percent Warp Filling Untrea tori 4. 5 5. 5 Tree ted 5
- Example VI [Wool-rayon union (50-50)] Shrinkage, percent Warp Filling Untreated 3. 5 4. 5 Treated 1. 5 1.0
- the shrinkage tests were made 'by subjecting the above fabrics to washing in a laundry Wheel for 2 hours at 120 F. in presence of 0.5% soap solution plus 0.2% soda ash, followed by rinsing in warm water at 120 F.
- a process of shrink proofing wool which comprises passing scoured, bleached and dyed wool through an aqueous bath to which a catalyst has just been added before passage of the wool, said catalyst being used in the amount of 1 to 5% of the solid content of the bath and the solid content of the bath ranging from 1 to 5% of the 'bath and containing dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol malamine in the presence of zinc nitrate as a catalyst to give a solid pick up of between 2 to 5%, and drying and curing for three minutes at 290 F.
- a process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine in the presence of zinc nitrate to give a solid pick up of between 2 to 5% drying and curing for three minutes at 290 F.
- a process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine and also containing the methyl ether of dimethylol ethylene urea, there being utilized about 50 to parts of dimethylol ethylene urea to each 10 to 30 parts of methylated methylol melamine and each 1 to 5 parts of the methyl ether of dimethylol ethylene urea.
- a process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine and also containing the methyl ether of dimethylol ethylene urea.
- a process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the Wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine.
- a wool shrink proofing bath containing an aqueous dispersion of 1 to 5% of:
Description
United Sttes Patent 3,055,773 TEXTIULE FWSHHNG PRUCEDURES AND QUMPOSITIONS Hugh H. Masher, Newark, Ni, assignor to Arkansas goniipany, Inc, Newark, Ni, a corporation of New or No Drawing. Filed July 2, 1958, Ser. No. 746,101
6 Claims. (Cl. 1ll7'll41) The present invention relates to textile finishing and particularly to finishes for wool, wool blend fabrics or synthetic fabrics having a woolly texture construction or appearance.
It is among the objects of the present invention to provide novel compositions and procedures for enhancing hand, drape and texture of wool and particularly to render wool and wool blend fabrics so that they will have a high degree of dimensional stability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide enhanced shrinkage control for W001 and wool blend fabrics in which both the felting shrinkage and relaxation shrinkage will be satisfactorily conrolled and in which there will be a high degree of stabilization with a substantial reduction of felting shrinkage.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a finishing treatment which will eliminate the tendency of the individual fibers to twist and mat together resulting in shrinkage when the fabrics are exposed to heat, moisture or mechanical treatment.
Still further objects and advantages will appear in the more detailed description set forth below, it being understood, however, that this more detailed description is given by way of illustration and explanation only and not by way of limitation, since various changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
In accomplishig the above objects, it has been found most satisfactory to employ a composition or mixture of a water soluble dialkylol ethylene urea where the alkylene and the alkyl groups have one to four carbon atoms in combination with a water soluble alkylol melamine resin.
There desirably should be a relatively high proportion of the dialkylol ethylene urea and a low proportion of the methylol melamine resin in the ratio of between 2:1 to 6:1 with a preferred ratio of 4: 1.
The preferred ethylene urea is dimethylol ethylene urea and the preferred melamine is a methylated, ethylated or propylated dimethylol melamine to hexamethylol melamine, a tetra methylol melamine being preferred.
The present textile finishing composition is preferably composed of (a) Methylol melamine resin in water soluble state, with the methylol groups being present in the amount 2 to 6 methylol groups per mol of melamine in the proportion of about parts by weight.
(b) Dimethylol ethylene urea (there being present two methylol groups) in proportion of about 20 parts by weight.
(0) Alkylated (methylated to amylated) dimethylol urea, propylated or butylated being preferred, which compound may be dispersed with a nonionic or anionic surface active agent in proportion of one part by weight.
Desirably there is utilized about 100 parts of the dimethylol ethylene urea to 10 to 30 parts of the dimethylol melamine.
In one preferred composition there is utilized about 77 parts by weight of a 40% solution of dimethylol ethylene urea (40% active) and about 23 parts of methylated methylol melamine (55% active) having two to six methylol groups.
In addition there is utilized about one to five parts of 2 an ether, such as the methyl or ethyl ether of dimethylol urea.
To give some satisfactory compositions which may be utilized:
Alkylated urea formaldehyde resin (propyl or butyl ether) in dispersion (50% active) 5 The above active percentages indicate the amount of active solid ingredients in the aqueous solution, the balance being principally water.
In the above formulations, the ethylene urea may be used in the form of the diethylol compound.
The melamine is preferably utilized in the form of its methylated methylol derivative. The ethylene urea is usually employed in the form of its dimethylol derivative.
In lieu of the dimethylol ethylene urea or in addition thereto, it is also possible to use alkylated urea formaldehyde resins, such as methyl, isopropyl or butyl compounds of urea formaldehyde resins which enhance the action of the methylol ethylene urea and melamine compounds.
The fabric is run through the above compositions in which the solid content of the bath may range from three to five percent.
Desirably included in the bath is a catalyst, such 'as zinc nitrate, in the amount of three to twenty percent of the solid content.
In place of zinc nitrate, it is also possible to utilize magnesium chloride, or ammonium chloride, sulphate or phosphate or various organic amine chlorides or sulphates.
It is also desirable to use softeners, for example, quaternaries, such as triethyl stearyl ammonium ethosulfate; polyglycol fatty esters, such as the stearic acid ester of polyethylene glycol, having a molecular weight of 1300- 1-600 (Carbowax 1540), or the stearic acid ester of polyethylene glycol 400; silicones, such as mixtures of dimethyl and methyl hydrogen polysiloxanes in emulsion form; or polyethylene used in emulsion form.
These softeners protect the wool fibers against any weakening or embrittling effect which might be caused by the resin and the high temperature curing used in setting this resin, as well as lubricating and softening effects. The range of softener is preferably 5% to 10% in the product, but may range from 2% to 20%.
The fabric should be secured, bleached and dyed before it passes through the bath containing the above compounds and the catalyst should be added to the bath just before the wool fabric passes therethrough,
After the treatment there should be a dry add-on of between three to five percent on the wool and the Wool is then cured after drying for three minutes at 290 to 320 F.
The final fabric will have full hand with a soft dry worsted texture.
Felting shrinkage has been substantially eliminated.
The amount of dried resin applied to a fabric should not be over 5% and the textile during the drying and curing operations should be maintained at a pH value more acid than 5.0. Adverse fabric characteristics imparted by acidity and resinous lay-products are circumvented by washing the cured textile for a few minutes in an alkaline detergent solution.
The present treatment imparts shrinkage resistance to wool by a combination of a dimethylol ethylene urea, an alkylated methylol melamine and an alkyl ether, preferably the butyl or isopropyl ether of dimethylol urea. The preferred parts by weight ratio is 3:1:02-05 of dimethylol ethylene urea, methylated methylol melamine, and dimethylol urea ether respectively.
A dispersing agent is used to emulsify the butyl or propyl dimethylol urea ether when used.
The above compositions of Examples I to IV when used on wool fabrics or Wool-rayon fabrics or wool-cotton fabrics or wool-Dacron (polyethylene terephthalate) fabrics will produce a substantial reduction of the felting shrinkage, using 10% to 20% of the composition by weight based upon the weight of the bath.
As typical results when using a composition of 77% of dimethylol ethylene urea (40% active) and 23% methylated tetramethylol melamine (55% active), on a 60- 40 wool-rayon union, using 12 /2 of the composition to which zinc nitrate was added as a catalyst.
The fabric was then dried and subsequently cured at 290 C. for 5 minutes.
Example V [Wool-rayon union (6040)] Shrinkage, percent Warp Filling Untrea tori 4. 5 5. 5 Tree ted 5 Example VI [Wool-rayon union (50-50)] Shrinkage, percent Warp Filling Untreated 3. 5 4. 5 Treated 1. 5 1.0
Example VII [Wool-rayon union (40450)] Shrinkage, percent Warp Filling Untreated 6 7 Treated 0. 5 0. 7
The shrinkage tests were made 'by subjecting the above fabrics to washing in a laundry Wheel for 2 hours at 120 F. in presence of 0.5% soap solution plus 0.2% soda ash, followed by rinsing in warm water at 120 F.
While there has been herein described a preferred form of the invention, it should be understood that the same may be altered in details and in relative arrangement of parts within the scope of the appended claims.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, what is claimed is:
1. A process of shrink proofing wool which comprises passing scoured, bleached and dyed wool through an aqueous bath to which a catalyst has just been added before passage of the wool, said catalyst being used in the amount of 1 to 5% of the solid content of the bath and the solid content of the bath ranging from 1 to 5% of the 'bath and containing dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol malamine in the presence of zinc nitrate as a catalyst to give a solid pick up of between 2 to 5%, and drying and curing for three minutes at 290 F.
2. A process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine in the presence of zinc nitrate to give a solid pick up of between 2 to 5% drying and curing for three minutes at 290 F.
3. A process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine and also containing the methyl ether of dimethylol ethylene urea, there being utilized about 50 to parts of dimethylol ethylene urea to each 10 to 30 parts of methylated methylol melamine and each 1 to 5 parts of the methyl ether of dimethylol ethylene urea.
4. A process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine and also containing the methyl ether of dimethylol ethylene urea.
5. A process of shrink proofing wool which comprises treating the Wool with an aqueous dispersion containing 1 to 5% of a composition of dimethylol ethylene urea and methylated methylol melamine.
6. A wool shrink proofing bath containing an aqueous dispersion of 1 to 5% of:
(1) 5 parts methylated methylol melamine by weight with 2 to 6 methylol groups per mol of melamine;
(2) dimethylol ethylene urea with two methylol groups per ethylene urea group in the amount of 20 parts by weight;
(3) methylated dimethylol urea in the amount of 1 part by weight;
(4) surface active agent in the amount of one part by weight for dispersing methylated dimethylol urea.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,254,001 Conaway Aug. 26, 1941 2,466,457 Lynn et a1. Apr. 5, 1949 2,485,250 Alexander et a1. Oct. 18, 1949 2,539,365 Fluck et al. Jan. 23, 1951 2,690,404 Spangler et al Sept. 28, 1954 2,819,179 Barnard et al Jan. 7, 1958
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS OF SHRINK PROOFING WOOL WHICH COMPRISES PASSING SCOURED, BLEACHED AND DYED WOOL THROUGH AN AQUEOUS BATH TO WHICH A CATALYST HAS BEEN ADDED BEFORE PASSAGE OF THE WOOL, SAID CATALYST BEING USED IN THE AMOUNT OF 1 TO 5% OF THE SOLID CONTENT OF THE BATH AND THE SOLID CONTENT OF TH BATH RANGING FROM 1 TO 5% OF THE BATH AND CONTAINING DIMETHYLOL ETHYLENE UREA AND METHYLATED METHYLOL MALAMINE IN THE PRESENCE OF ZINCE NITRATE AS A CATALYST TO GIVE A SOLID PICK UP OF BETWEEN 2 TO 5%, AND DRYING AND CURING FOR THREE MINUTES AT 290*F.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US746101A US3055773A (en) | 1958-07-02 | 1958-07-02 | Textile finishing procedures and compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US746101A US3055773A (en) | 1958-07-02 | 1958-07-02 | Textile finishing procedures and compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3055773A true US3055773A (en) | 1962-09-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US746101A Expired - Lifetime US3055773A (en) | 1958-07-02 | 1958-07-02 | Textile finishing procedures and compositions |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US3055773A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3268915A (en) * | 1963-04-08 | 1966-08-30 | Koratron Company Inc | Process of manufacturing press-free garment with retained creases |
| US3311581A (en) * | 1964-06-22 | 1967-03-28 | Andrew E Pink | Adhesive composition comprising a polymer of a carboxylic acid ester, polyvinyl alcohol, and an aminoplast |
| US3341955A (en) * | 1964-07-21 | 1967-09-19 | Everprest Inc | Producing wrinkle-free, permanently creased garments |
| US3531806A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1970-10-06 | Metro Atlantic Inc | Production of durable shaped fabric articles using two-stage curing |
| US3933274A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1976-01-20 | Lever Brothers Company | Product for the treatment of cellulosic fabrics |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2254001A (en) * | 1938-11-14 | 1941-08-26 | Du Pont | Textile process |
| US2466457A (en) * | 1945-03-09 | 1949-04-05 | American Cyanamid Co | Shrinkage control of textiles |
| US2485250A (en) * | 1946-04-29 | 1949-10-18 | Wolsey Ltd | Treatment of wool and the like |
| US2539365A (en) * | 1948-08-12 | 1951-01-23 | American Cyanamid Co | Treatment of wool-containing textile materials |
| US2690404A (en) * | 1954-03-09 | 1954-09-28 | Dan River Mills Inc | Method of making wrinkle resistant fabric and composition therefor |
| US2819179A (en) * | 1954-01-18 | 1958-01-07 | American Cyanamid Co | Textile finishing process |
-
1958
- 1958-07-02 US US746101A patent/US3055773A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2254001A (en) * | 1938-11-14 | 1941-08-26 | Du Pont | Textile process |
| US2466457A (en) * | 1945-03-09 | 1949-04-05 | American Cyanamid Co | Shrinkage control of textiles |
| US2485250A (en) * | 1946-04-29 | 1949-10-18 | Wolsey Ltd | Treatment of wool and the like |
| US2539365A (en) * | 1948-08-12 | 1951-01-23 | American Cyanamid Co | Treatment of wool-containing textile materials |
| US2819179A (en) * | 1954-01-18 | 1958-01-07 | American Cyanamid Co | Textile finishing process |
| US2690404A (en) * | 1954-03-09 | 1954-09-28 | Dan River Mills Inc | Method of making wrinkle resistant fabric and composition therefor |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3268915A (en) * | 1963-04-08 | 1966-08-30 | Koratron Company Inc | Process of manufacturing press-free garment with retained creases |
| US3311581A (en) * | 1964-06-22 | 1967-03-28 | Andrew E Pink | Adhesive composition comprising a polymer of a carboxylic acid ester, polyvinyl alcohol, and an aminoplast |
| US3341955A (en) * | 1964-07-21 | 1967-09-19 | Everprest Inc | Producing wrinkle-free, permanently creased garments |
| US3531806A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1970-10-06 | Metro Atlantic Inc | Production of durable shaped fabric articles using two-stage curing |
| US3933274A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1976-01-20 | Lever Brothers Company | Product for the treatment of cellulosic fabrics |
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