US2981978A - Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes - Google Patents

Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2981978A
US2981978A US531582A US53158255A US2981978A US 2981978 A US2981978 A US 2981978A US 531582 A US531582 A US 531582A US 53158255 A US53158255 A US 53158255A US 2981978 A US2981978 A US 2981978A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shrinking
methylene chloride
polymethylene terephthalate
halogenated methanes
partially halogenated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US531582A
Inventor
John M Griffing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US531582A priority Critical patent/US2981978A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2981978A publication Critical patent/US2981978A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D04H1/06—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/04—Polyester fibers

Definitions

  • polyesters of the aforementioned patent have been utilized for the production of many commercial products.
  • several serious problems have arisen.
  • One such is the difficulty in controlling the shrinkage of the structures. This problem is particularly acute in the manufacture of polyester felts and fabrics, since proper shrinkage of the felts and fabrics is necessary to impart satisfactory handle to the materials.
  • This process comprises shrinking the structure by treating it with a normally liquid partially halogenated methane.
  • the partially halogenated methane employed can be methylene chloride, chloroform, monochloromethane, chlorobromomethane, chloroiodomethane, tribromomethane, dibromomethane and the like. Because of their extremely fast action, ease of handling, and quick drying, the preferred agents are methylene chloride and chloroform.
  • This shrinking treatment is ordinarily carried on by submerging the oriented crystalline polyester structure in a liquid bath containing the partially halogenated methane in a liquid phase.
  • the treating bath can consist solely of one or more of the above described partially halogenated methanes.
  • the bath can be an emulsion containing a partially halogenated methane liquid phase.
  • the minimum amount of partially halogenated methane present in the emulsion treatment bath is not critical so long as there is a distinct liquid phase of partially halogenated "methane.
  • an emulsion of methylene chloride in water can be used. Since methylene chloride is soluble in water in an amount equal to about 2% by weight at room temperature, a methylene chloride-water emulsion containing any amount in excess of about 2% by weight is satisfactory for practicing this invention at room temperature.
  • the particular temperature employed in practicing the method of this invention is not critical. It can be carried out at all temperatures ordinarily used for synthetic textile treatment.
  • Example 1 type batt is ideally suited for various air filtration uses.
  • a second batt sample prepared as above was immersed in a bath of methylene chloride at room temperature. This second batt also shrunk gradually and evenly 44% areawise to yield a uniform felted product substantially free from wrinkles.
  • a third sample was immersed in boiling water. This sample shrank immediately 44% in area, yielding a dense highly wrinkled product much inferior to the unwrinkled products treated with the partially halogenated alkanes.
  • Example 11 Fabric samples made from- 2 /2 inch staple 3-denier per filament oriented crystalline polyethylene terephthalate fibers were treated for 5 minutes at C. in an emulsion of 10% by weight methylene chloride in water. This treatment was carried on under pressure to avoid excessive volatilization of the methylene chloride. After dyeing in accordance with conventional procedure, it was found that the thusly treated fabric samples exhibited a much improved handle, as compared to untreated dyed control samples. Furthermore, the treated samples had shrunk considerably.
  • Example Ill Fabric samples were treated in accordance with the procedure of Example II, but using methylene bromide as the shrinking agent at atmospheric pressure. The same type of shrinkage and improved handle resulted.
  • Example IV A series of tests similar to those set forth in Example I were performed but with the methylene chloride treatment being carried on at temperatures ranging from 25 C. to 80 C. All the treated samples shrunk substantially and exhibited greatly improved handle.
  • Example V Another series of tests in accordance with the procedure of Example I was carried on but using a methylene chloride treating bath in place of the methylene chloride-water emulsion bath of Example I.
  • the treated samples exhibited the same shrinkage and improved handle as the samples of Example I.
  • X is halogen and each Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halogen, until the said structure shrinks.
  • Theterm oriented crystalline polyester structures refers to structures comprising poly- 3.
  • X 0 is chlorine.
  • a process of improving a formed article formed from a high polymeric polyethylene terephthalate which comprises subjecting said formed article to stretching, and

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Description

PROCESS OF SHRINKING SOLID POLYMETHYL- ENE TEREPHTHALATE WITH HALOGENATED METHANES This invention relates to a process for shrinking oriented crystalline polymeric structures such a fibers, filaments, films, fabrics, feltsand the like comprising a polyester of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2,465,319.
The polyesters of the aforementioned patent have been utilized for the production of many commercial products. In their production several serious problems have arisen. One such is the difficulty in controlling the shrinkage of the structures. This problem is particularly acute in the manufacture of polyester felts and fabrics, since proper shrinkage of the felts and fabrics is necessary to impart satisfactory handle to the materials.
Numerous treatments have been used to overcome these various problems. However, most of these treatments have not been completely acceptable for one or more reasons, such as excessive cost of either the reactants or the equipment required for the treatments.
We have discovered an improved process for shrinking solid oriented crystalline polyester structures. This process comprises shrinking the structure by treating it with a normally liquid partially halogenated methane. The partially halogenated methane employed can be methylene chloride, chloroform, monochloromethane, chlorobromomethane, chloroiodomethane, tribromomethane, dibromomethane and the like. Because of their extremely fast action, ease of handling, and quick drying, the preferred agents are methylene chloride and chloroform.
This shrinking treatment is ordinarily carried on by submerging the oriented crystalline polyester structure in a liquid bath containing the partially halogenated methane in a liquid phase. Thus the treating bath can consist solely of one or more of the above described partially halogenated methanes. Alternatively, the bath can be an emulsion containing a partially halogenated methane liquid phase.
The minimum amount of partially halogenated methane present in the emulsion treatment bath is not critical so long as there is a distinct liquid phase of partially halogenated "methane. By way of example, an emulsion of methylene chloride in water can be used. Since methylene chloride is soluble in water in an amount equal to about 2% by weight at room temperature, a methylene chloride-water emulsion containing any amount in excess of about 2% by weight is satisfactory for practicing this invention at room temperature.
The particular temperature employed in practicing the method of this invention is not critical. It can be carried out at all temperatures ordinarily used for synthetic textile treatment.
While this shrinking process is adapted to the treatment of the polyester materials of the above mentioned patent, namely the various polymeric polymethylene terephthalate materials, it is particularly efiective when applied to polyethylene terephthalate structures. Consequently, the following examples are given showing the practice of this invention in connection with polyethylene terephthalate. It is to be understood, however, that this method is un tfld vStates 2,981,978 Patented May 2, 1961 m equally applicable to the treating of the various other polyesters set forth in the patent.
In order that the invention can be better understood, the following examples in addition to those given above are set forth:
Example 1 type batt is ideally suited for various air filtration uses.
A second batt sample prepared as above was immersed in a bath of methylene chloride at room temperature. This second batt also shrunk gradually and evenly 44% areawise to yield a uniform felted product substantially free from wrinkles.
A third sample was immersed in boiling water. This sample shrank immediately 44% in area, yielding a dense highly wrinkled product much inferior to the unwrinkled products treated with the partially halogenated alkanes.
Example 11 Fabric samples made from- 2 /2 inch staple 3-denier per filament oriented crystalline polyethylene terephthalate fibers were treated for 5 minutes at C. in an emulsion of 10% by weight methylene chloride in water. This treatment was carried on under pressure to avoid excessive volatilization of the methylene chloride. After dyeing in accordance with conventional procedure, it was found that the thusly treated fabric samples exhibited a much improved handle, as compared to untreated dyed control samples. Furthermore, the treated samples had shrunk considerably.
Example Ill Fabric samples were treated in accordance with the procedure of Example II, but using methylene bromide as the shrinking agent at atmospheric pressure. The same type of shrinkage and improved handle resulted.
Example IV A series of tests similar to those set forth in Example I were performed but with the methylene chloride treatment being carried on at temperatures ranging from 25 C. to 80 C. All the treated samples shrunk substantially and exhibited greatly improved handle.
Example V Another series of tests in accordance with the procedure of Example I was carried on but using a methylene chloride treating bath in place of the methylene chloride-water emulsion bath of Example I. The treated samples exhibited the same shrinkage and improved handle as the samples of Example I.
Results similar to those of Examples I thru V are obtained by substituting for the shrinking agents of these examples various other partially halogenated methanes, such as those set forth above. Likewise, in place of the polyester fabrics and batts of these examples, fabrics of blends of polyester fibers with other fibers, such as wool, cotton or a synthetic fiber, can be used with similar results. Thus it is apparent that this process for shrinking oriented crystalline polyester structures is subject to numerous modifications all of which are within the scope of the invention.
wherein X is halogen and each Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halogen, until the said structure shrinks.
2. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said structure is a fabric.
g Theterm oriented crystalline polyester structures refers to structures comprising poly- 3. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein X 0 is chlorine.
4. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said structure is a film.
5. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein which comprises subjecting said formed article to stretching, and thereafter subjecting the stretched article to treatment for 15 seconds to 5 minutes with methylene chloride.
7. A process of improving a formed article formed from a high polymeric polyethylene terephthalate, which comprises subjecting said formed article to stretching, and
thereafter subjecting the stretched article to treatment for 15 seconds to 5 minutes with methylene chloride. References Cited inthefile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,730,478 Morgan Jan. 10, 1956 2,734,001- Mecklenburgh Feb. 7,. 1956 2,856,638 Schulken Oct. 21, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 553,442 Great Britain May 21, 1943 555,490 Great Britain Aug. 25, 1943 578,079 Great Britain June 14, 1946

Claims (1)

1. THE METHOD OF SHRINKING A SOLID CRYSTALLINE ORIENTED HIGH POLYMERIC POLYMETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE STRUCTURE COMPRISING CONTACTING IT WITH A NORMALLY LIQUID PARTIALLY HALOGENATED METHANE OF THE FORMULA
US531582A 1955-08-30 1955-08-30 Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes Expired - Lifetime US2981978A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US531582A US2981978A (en) 1955-08-30 1955-08-30 Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US531582A US2981978A (en) 1955-08-30 1955-08-30 Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2981978A true US2981978A (en) 1961-05-02

Family

ID=24118234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US531582A Expired - Lifetime US2981978A (en) 1955-08-30 1955-08-30 Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2981978A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3094763A (en) * 1961-05-10 1963-06-25 Appleton Mills Method of finishing papermakers' felt and the finished felt
US3228745A (en) * 1961-01-10 1966-01-11 Lehigh Valley Ind Inc Process of shrinking nylon fabrics with mixtures of specific chemical shrinking agents
US3239586A (en) * 1962-08-08 1966-03-08 Du Pont Process of molding polyester textile fabrics
US3920785A (en) * 1969-11-13 1975-11-18 Celanese Corp Process for increasing the porosity of opencelled microporous film
US4356756A (en) * 1981-04-03 1982-11-02 Remo, Inc. Method of forming a non-tunable head
US4416181A (en) * 1981-04-03 1983-11-22 Remo, Inc. Pretuned head for drum or the like
US4421513A (en) * 1979-01-08 1983-12-20 Milliken Research Corporation Process for producing fibrillated polyester
US4469001A (en) * 1980-04-03 1984-09-04 Remo, Inc. Method of forming a non-tunable head

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB553442A (en) * 1941-11-19 1943-05-21 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Improvements in and relating to the treatment of nylon fibres and fabrics
GB555490A (en) * 1942-02-20 1943-08-25 Ronald George Bartlett Stiffened synthetic linear polyamide woven fabrics
GB578079A (en) * 1941-07-29 1946-06-14 John Rex Whinfield Improvements relating to the manufacture of highly polymeric substances
US2730478A (en) * 1954-03-05 1956-01-10 Du Pont Fibrous materials and processes for making same
US2734001A (en) * 1956-02-07 Setting and stiffening fabrics
US2856638A (en) * 1954-07-20 1958-10-21 Eastman Kodak Co Process for the after-treatment of polymeric articles

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2734001A (en) * 1956-02-07 Setting and stiffening fabrics
GB578079A (en) * 1941-07-29 1946-06-14 John Rex Whinfield Improvements relating to the manufacture of highly polymeric substances
GB553442A (en) * 1941-11-19 1943-05-21 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Improvements in and relating to the treatment of nylon fibres and fabrics
GB555490A (en) * 1942-02-20 1943-08-25 Ronald George Bartlett Stiffened synthetic linear polyamide woven fabrics
US2730478A (en) * 1954-03-05 1956-01-10 Du Pont Fibrous materials and processes for making same
US2856638A (en) * 1954-07-20 1958-10-21 Eastman Kodak Co Process for the after-treatment of polymeric articles

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228745A (en) * 1961-01-10 1966-01-11 Lehigh Valley Ind Inc Process of shrinking nylon fabrics with mixtures of specific chemical shrinking agents
US3094763A (en) * 1961-05-10 1963-06-25 Appleton Mills Method of finishing papermakers' felt and the finished felt
US3239586A (en) * 1962-08-08 1966-03-08 Du Pont Process of molding polyester textile fabrics
US3920785A (en) * 1969-11-13 1975-11-18 Celanese Corp Process for increasing the porosity of opencelled microporous film
US4421513A (en) * 1979-01-08 1983-12-20 Milliken Research Corporation Process for producing fibrillated polyester
US4469001A (en) * 1980-04-03 1984-09-04 Remo, Inc. Method of forming a non-tunable head
US4356756A (en) * 1981-04-03 1982-11-02 Remo, Inc. Method of forming a non-tunable head
US4416181A (en) * 1981-04-03 1983-11-22 Remo, Inc. Pretuned head for drum or the like

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3847657A (en) Hydrophobic and oleophobic finish
US2985940A (en) Production of high bulk fabrics from staple fiber mixtures
US2981978A (en) Process of shrinking solid polymethylene terephthalate with halogenated methanes
US3154374A (en) Process for modifying the properties of shaped structures from highly polymeric polyesters
US3290752A (en) Woven cotton-polyester blend fabrics having recoverable stretch characteristics
US3285690A (en) Method of improving the dimensional stability and elastic recovery of allcotton stretchable fabrics and products thereof
US3228745A (en) Process of shrinking nylon fabrics with mixtures of specific chemical shrinking agents
US3458273A (en) Treatment of textiles
US3511591A (en) Process and product of rendering cellulosic fabrics amenable to molding operations
US3190718A (en) Process of heat treating a tow of polyester filaments while under tension to modify the properties thereof
US3173189A (en) Method of stabilizing tricot knitted fabrics
US2805463A (en) Method of treating knitted goods containing shrinkable fibres and products thereof
US2750250A (en) Method for dyeing polyacrylonitrile fabrics
US3493320A (en) Textile treatment
US2303363A (en) Process for rendering textiles water-repellent and product therefrom
US3143437A (en) Treatment of polyacrylonitrile textile materials
US3498741A (en) Secondary cellulose acetate with high safe ironing temperature and process therefor
US3729340A (en) Flame retardant polyester-acetate fabric
US3124860A (en) Textile process and product
US3973905A (en) Fabric treatment
US3481685A (en) Process for the treatment of textile materials
US3084070A (en) Warp size comprising high molecular weight styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer
US2869971A (en) Shrinkproofing textiles with volatile polyamines and epoxides
US3025128A (en) Process for increasing the crystallinity and safe ironing temperature of cellulose triacetate textiles with aromatic chemical swelling agents
US2158110A (en) Treatment of textile fabrics and the