US2910954A - Rudder for boats - Google Patents

Rudder for boats Download PDF

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Publication number
US2910954A
US2910954A US685898A US68589857A US2910954A US 2910954 A US2910954 A US 2910954A US 685898 A US685898 A US 685898A US 68589857 A US68589857 A US 68589857A US 2910954 A US2910954 A US 2910954A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rudder
guide member
displacement
boats
disposed
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Expired - Lifetime
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US685898A
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English (en)
Inventor
Uecker Guenter
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B63H25/381—Rudders with flaps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rudder for boats.
  • Rudders for boats which comprise a ruddermember of predetermined profile with a heavy head, the rotating axis of which is disposed within the rudder body and two guide bodies which are disposed in front of said rudder head in order to create a branching effect in the flow on the low pressure side.
  • the two guide bodies which are accommodated in known manner to the direction of flow of the screw-water, project from the upper or lower edge of the rudder to the center of the .screwshaft and connected together by means of a plate or a profile-body.
  • streamlined rudders with wing-like curved pre-profiles disposed symmetrically on both sides of the rudder-head have been proposed before.
  • the preprofiles are rigidly connected with the stern-post frame or forms itself the immovable rudder-stern-post with such formation of the rudder-head and position of the rotating axis of the rudder body relative to the pre-profiles, that the nozzles formed by the latter with the rudder body remain nearly unchanged in each resting position.
  • Stream lined balancing rudders are also known, wherein two wing-like curved pre-profiles are secured to bothsides of the rudder-head symmetrically to its median plane by means of ribs or the like, which pre-profiles are disposed in such a manner, that a wide opening remains between the entering edges, which opening branches off into two nozzle-like, narrowing channels which. run along the rudder-head.
  • Rudder devices which have two auxiliary planes, one of which controls the rudder if moved in one direction, while the other controls the rudder if it is moved in the opposite direction.
  • the auxiliary pressure-planes are brought, thereby, automatically into such a position, that they support the main-rudder.
  • All known rudder structures for boats with a guide body disposed in front of the rotating axis of the rudder permit of movement of the boat in a more or less large turning circle only.
  • the radius of the turning circle depends heavily upon the velocity with which the boat moves. Just when in a narrow space the best turn is required, is it necessary to move slowly for safety reasons, so that thereby the rudder-effect is appreciably reduced. In order to bring about in such a case a better turn, it is often necessary for turning in narrow spaces to shift from forward movement to rearward movement, so that the shifting mechanism is subjected to great wear.
  • the distance wardly beyond the rudder-shaft. between the center of the rudder shaft to the front edge of the guide member is one-third of the diameter of the screw.
  • the abutments limit the displacement of the guide member on both sides to about 15 to 20.
  • the balance of the rudder and a minimum ruddermoment is brought about by immediate abutment of the guide member outwardly at the smallest rudder-angles.
  • This rudder permits of practically the quietest control with far-reaching elimination of the cross-force of the screw at an extremely small rudder moment.
  • a vehicle equipped with this rudder shows also during a back-up movement a good maneuverability towards both sides.
  • the guide members have for instance a round nose and run rearwardly sharply in a straight line.
  • the lateral distance of the guide member is approximately equal with the profile height of the main rudder.
  • the profile height of the guide members is about one-fifth to one-tenth of their length.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rudder for boats, using a one-plane main rudder
  • Fig. 2 is a section along the lines 2--2 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically the flow conditions in the case when the control rudder is set for starboard of 45;
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically the flow conditions in the case, when the control rudder is set for port of Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the device with a boxrudder;
  • Fig. 6 is a section along the lines 6-6 of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically the flo'w conditions in the case, when the control rudder of Fig. 5 is set for starboard of 45
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically the flow conditions in the case, when the control-rudder of Fig. 5 is set for port of 90";
  • Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the control-rudder with two fins
  • Fig. 10 is a section along the lines 10-10 of Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 shows schematically the flow conditions in the case, when the control-rudder of Fig. 9 is set for star board of 45 and Fig. 12 shows schematically the flow conditions in the case, when the control-rudder of Fig. 9 is set for per of 90.
  • the main-rudder 3 and box-rudder 9, respectively, which are swingably mounted by means of the rudder-shaft 2 at the stern of the ship behind the ship-screw 1, has a lower end face 4 as well as an upper end face 5, which faces 4 and 5 project forwardly beyond the rudder-shaft 2.
  • the shaft or shafts 6 of the guide member 7 are swingably mounted therein, and the displacement of the guide member 7 is limited by abutment members 8 which are disposed on the end faces 4, 5 and by the inner walls of the box-rudders 9, respectively.
  • the guide member 7 is arranged between the lower and upper end faces, which project forwardly beyond the rotating axis of the rudder 9 in such a manner, that it penetrates partly with its rear end into the box-like two-plane rudder, in order to achieve a good abutment and a good stabilization by two-sided water pillows.
  • the rotating axis 6 of the guide member 7 may be disposed in accordance with the requirements up to about one-fifth of the length of the front edge.
  • the distance between the two inner walls of the boxlike two-plane rudder 9 depends upon the angle of displacement of the guide member. This angle amounts in accordance with the requirements for the rudder, to about 15 to 45 towards each side.
  • the larger displacement angles of the guide member create, for instance, in hard rudder positions greater cross-forces, while smaller displacement-angles bring about more favorable ruddermoments with small rudder angles.
  • the distance between the rotating axis 2 of the rudder to the rear edge of the box-like, two-plane main rudder should amount to at least one-half of the diameter of the screw, but must be so big, that an overbalance is avoided.
  • the guide member may comprise two fins 7, (Fig. 10), each of Which may swing upon axles 6 disposed laterally and symmetrically to the longitudinal median plane of the rudder-blade 3, the distance between the axles 6 being smaller than the depth of the fins in the initial direction of the flow.
  • the abutments are preferably arranged in such a manner, that the inner face of the fins 7 which are directed away from the initial direction of the flow in its final displacement forms an angle of about with the symmetrical plane of the rudder and that the fin directed towards the direction of flow forms a displacement at a rudder displacement of over 45 towards the first mentioned fin.
  • the angle of the inward displaced guide members to the symmetrical plane is about 120 and 60, respectively.
  • the effect of the rudder designed in accordance with the present invention is based on the fact that the screw stream is brought on the low pressure side of the rudder up to a displacement of 90 into engagement and is shifted over between the two faces of the box-rudder, respectively, by means of a guide member, which is swingably disposed in front of the rotating axis within the rudder body, self-adjustable by the screw stream and limited in its movement by an abutment.
  • the rudder moment is smaller and more evenly distributed over the entire range of displacement of the rudder than with any other rudder. Since the rudder operates effectively just at slow speed, the use of a maneuver with full force at suddenly occurring difficulties in narrowest space is widely eliminated.
  • a steering rudder for ships having a guide member, including a driving screw, a first vertical axle for rotatable mounting of said rudder and at least one second vertical axle for rotatable mounting of said guide member, said second axle being disposed parallel to and, in the direction of movement of said ship, in front of said first axle, and abutment means connected with said rudder and limiting the angular displacement of said guide member towards both sides from a central normal position, and said rudder having beam-like upper and lower end faces projecting forwardly beyond said first vertical axle andsaid second vertical axle being rotatably mounted in said upper and lower end faces of said rudder.
  • rudder as set forth in claim 1, wherein said rudder is formed as a box-like two-plane rudder and the forward edge of the latter is disposed in one line with said first rotating axle of said rudder, and said guide member projects partly into said box-like rudder and the inner faces of the latter limit the angular displacement of said guide member to an angular range of about 15 to 45 towards each side from a normal, central position.
  • said guide member comprises two fins rotatable upon axles disposed laterally and symmetrically to the longitudinal median plane of said rudder, the distance between said axles being less than the depth of said fins taken in the initial direction of flow.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
US685898A 1956-09-28 1957-09-24 Rudder for boats Expired - Lifetime US2910954A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE847400X 1956-09-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2910954A true US2910954A (en) 1959-11-03

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ID=6775319

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US685898A Expired - Lifetime US2910954A (en) 1956-09-28 1957-09-24 Rudder for boats

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2910954A (cs)
BE (1) BE560995A (cs)
FR (1) FR1183776A (cs)
GB (1) GB847400A (cs)
NL (1) NL97718C (cs)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4771717A (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-09-20 Cruson Donald C Rudder for a water vessel
WO1990012733A1 (en) * 1989-04-26 1990-11-01 Unger William J Keel assembly
FR2746362A1 (fr) * 1996-03-20 1997-09-26 Blohm Voss Ag Dispositif de guidage d'ecoulement
WO2021246885A1 (en) * 2020-06-04 2021-12-09 Mapalu Sp. Zo.O. Passive rudder blade for power-driven vessels

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101693A (en) * 1959-07-27 1963-08-27 Schilling Karl Rudder control arrangement
JPS52115097A (en) * 1976-03-22 1977-09-27 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Comb type ladder

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US46807A (en) * 1865-03-14 Improved rudder
USRE16508E (en) * 1926-12-28 To auton
US1661114A (en) * 1917-06-16 1928-02-28 Flettner Anton Method and device for the steering of ships
US1681415A (en) * 1925-06-29 1928-08-21 Harold A Lee Wind-controlled steering gear

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US46807A (en) * 1865-03-14 Improved rudder
USRE16508E (en) * 1926-12-28 To auton
US1661114A (en) * 1917-06-16 1928-02-28 Flettner Anton Method and device for the steering of ships
US1681415A (en) * 1925-06-29 1928-08-21 Harold A Lee Wind-controlled steering gear

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4771717A (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-09-20 Cruson Donald C Rudder for a water vessel
WO1990012733A1 (en) * 1989-04-26 1990-11-01 Unger William J Keel assembly
FR2746362A1 (fr) * 1996-03-20 1997-09-26 Blohm Voss Ag Dispositif de guidage d'ecoulement
WO2021246885A1 (en) * 2020-06-04 2021-12-09 Mapalu Sp. Zo.O. Passive rudder blade for power-driven vessels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1183776A (fr) 1959-07-13
NL97718C (cs)
BE560995A (cs)
GB847400A (en) 1960-09-07

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