US2905563A - Alkali metal silicate binder for foundry sand molds and process - Google Patents
Alkali metal silicate binder for foundry sand molds and process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2905563A US2905563A US568442A US56844256A US2905563A US 2905563 A US2905563 A US 2905563A US 568442 A US568442 A US 568442A US 56844256 A US56844256 A US 56844256A US 2905563 A US2905563 A US 2905563A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silicate
- alkali metal
- weight
- metal silicate
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/167—Mixtures of inorganic and organic binding agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/186—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents contaming ammonium or metal silicates, silica sols
- B22C1/188—Alkali metal silicates
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in alkali metal silicate-containing mold-forming compositions adapted to be cured or hardened by impregnation with carbon dioxide or other gaseous curing agent, and to methods for their preparation and use.
- molds and cores from sand-silicate mix tures which are cured or hardened in the desired castingdefining shapes by injections of carbon dioxide or other gaseous materials.
- the curing of molds embodying binders of this type involves a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide or other gaseous material and the alkali metal silicate dispersed throughout the sand or other refractory material to form a uniformly-dispersed silicon dioxide gel binder.
- prior silicate-containing mold-forming compositions generally have been characterized by excessive evolution of steam and/or other gases during casting. While mold porosity certainly is essential, often when sufficient porosity is provided to permit escape of the large volume of gases generated using prior mold-forming compositions in high temperature casting of cast iron and steels, such molds have not achieved the widespread application they might otherwise enjoy.
- a further object of the invention is to provide new and improved compositions for forming molds adapted to be cured by exposure to carbon dioxide or other gaseous materials.
- a still further object of the invention is to provide new and improved methods of metal casting.
- a still further object of the invention is to provide an improved shell mold and methods of shell molding.
- mold is intended in a generic sense to mean cast ing forms which include both molds and cores, this invention in no manner being limited to the former. Moreover, mold is intended to include various patterns for 'mally solid at room temperature.
- shell molds including shell mold-forming elements in addition to the completed shell mold structure prepared by assembling two or more complementary thin-walled shell mold elements.
- molds formed in accordance with the present invention are especially advantageously employed in the casting of metals melting at a high temperature, e.g., cast iron and/or various steels.
- the present invention contemplates a binder for finelydivided refractory material comprising the composition obtained by combining a liquid alkali metal silicate and a solid alkali metal silicate.
- a binder composition obtained by combining a liquid alkali metal silicate, a finely-divided solid, soluble, alkali metal silicate and an organic compound.
- compositions are particularly advantageous when employed as binders for sand or other finelydivided refractory materials employed in preparation of metal casting molds cured by exposure to carbon dioxide or other gaseous material.
- the practice of this invention preferably contemplates composition of matter comprising a major proportion of at least one finely-divided refractory material, preferably sand, and a minor proportion of a binder comprising the material obtained by combining a liquid alkali metal silicate and a finely-divided solid, soluble alkali metal silicate.
- Another embodiment of the invention comprises a mixture of a major proportion of a finely-divided refractory material, preferably sand, and a minor proportion of a binder comprising the material obtained by combining a liquid alkali metal silicate, a finely-divided solid, soluble alkali metal silicate and an organic compound.
- the present invention contemplates the use in the preparation of gas-curable molds of a binder, a liquid alkali metal silicate, i.e., an aqueous solution of a silicate normally liquid at room temperature, having a silica to alkali metal oxide molar ratio greater than about l.0:1.0, preferably within the range from about 1.5 to 3.3, i.e., an alkali metal oxidezsilicia ratio of from about 10:15 to 1.0133, such as an Na O:SiO ratio of 1.0: 1.5 to 1.0:3.3, said silicate having added thereto a solid, soluble, alkali metal silicate, i.e., a silicate nor-
- the solid silicate generally may vary in alkali metal oxide to silica molar ratio from about 2.0:l.0 to 1.0133, such as an Na OzSio ratio of about 2.0:l.0 to l.0:3.3, soluble, solid sodium silicates having an Na O:SiO molar
- silicates having silicazalkali metal oxide molar ratios greater than about 1.0:l.0 are generally given in terms of weight ratios, while silica to alkali metal oxide ratios of silicates having a silica:alkali metal oxide molar ratio of 1.0: 1.0 or less are generally given as molar ratios.
- soluble, solid sodium silicates are employed, notably anhydrous sodium metasilicate.
- the particle size of the soluble, solid alkali metal silicate generally can vary somewhat, the upper limit on particle size being dictated by the desired rate of solution. However, in most instances superior results are obtained using particles less than 60 US. mesh size, a preferred particle size range being from 60 to +200 U.S. mesh size.
- compositions of this invention may, of course, be varied somewhat, it generally is preferred to employ a major proportion of a finely-divided refractory material and a minor proportion of a silicate binder.
- a major proportion of a finely-divided refractory material and a minor proportion of a silicate binder it generally is preferable to employ mixtures of finely-divided refractory materials and silicate binders of this invention wherein the refractory material comprises from about 90 to 97% by weight of the mold-forming composition as employed, a preferred range being from about 90 to 95% by weight, and the silicate binder constituting the balance.
- the liquid alkali metal silicate comprises about 80 to 99% by weight of the total silicate-containing binder, the soluble, solid alkali metal silicate comprising about 1 to 20%, the maximum upper limit being dictated by its solubility.
- organic compounds preferably polyhydroxy organic compounds may be incorporated in minor amounts in the silicate-containing mold-forming composition.
- polyhydroxy organic compound as used in the specificathrand cl'air'ns is intended'to include a variety of organic compounds containing more than one hydroxy grouping.
- While the especially preferred compounds are polyhydroxy in nature, it is intended to include various sue rs such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, and various otfi fionoand disaccharides as well as certain triand tetrasaccharides, which compounds, of course, need not be in a highly purified state, excellent results having been obtained using relatively impure sugar, such, e.g., as tanners sugar, blackstrap molasses, bagasse, as well as other low cost sugar products.
- another type of organic polyhydroxy compound suitable for use in the practice of this invention is a polyhydroxy alcohol such as glycerol, sorbitol, and other hydroxy alcohols.
- Presently preferred organic compounds are sorbitol, glycerine and sugars, notably sucrose.
- a composition comprising about 90% by weight of a liquid sodium silicate having a silica to alkali metal oxide weight ratio within the range from about 2.0 to 3.3, preferably about 2.84, about 5% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate having a particle size within the range from 60 to 200 mesh, and about 5% by weight of sorbitol, glycerine, or a mixture thereof.
- a presently preferred silicate binder composition comprises about 85% by weight of a liquid sodium silicate having a silica to alkali metal oxide weight ratio within the range from about 2.0 to 3.22, a 3.22 ratio material being preferred at the present, about 5% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate having a particle size within the range from --60 to +200 mesh and about by weight of organic compounds, notably sucrose in the form of crude or refined cane or beet sugar.
- silicate composition embodying the present invention generally comprise about to 99% liquid alkali metal silicate and 1 to 20% soluble solid alkali metal silicate.
- Illustrative of a typical preferred formulation of this type for use in ferrous metallurgy, i.e., when casting metals melting at temperatures within the range from about 2500 to 3000 F. or higher is a composition comprising about 10% by weight of at least one soluble solid alkali metal silicatc. notably anhydrous sodium metasilicate having a particle size between about 60 and +200 mesh, and about by weight of at least one liquid sodium silicate having a silica to alkali metal oxide ratio within the range from about 2.0 to 3.3.
- a preferred binder composition consists essentially of 5% by weight of at least one soluble solid alkali metal silicate. notably anhydrous sodium metasilicate having a particle size within the range from 60 to 200 mesh and about Q of at least one liquid sodium silicate having a silica to alkali metal oxide ratio within the range from about 2.0 to 3.33.
- alkali metal as used throughout the specification and claims is intended to refer to the various alkali metals, i.e., sodium, potassium, rubidium. cesium and lithium, sodium generally being preferred.
- carbon dioxide or gases containing carbon dioxide comprise a presently preferred form of curing agent for refractory material-silicate binder mold-forming compositions of this invention
- other gaseous materials or mixtures of gases also may be employed.
- sulphur dioxide, nitrous oxide, hydrogen chloride, and the like also may be used.
- various combustion or stack gases containing proportions of carbon dioxide and the like also may be utilized advantageously.
- the length exposure to the curing gas required to effect the desired cure depends, of course, on a number of variables including mold mass porosity, gas employed, and the like. However, the time required typically is of the order of a few seconds, e.g., 5 to 10 to several minutes, e.g., 10 minutes.
- the high solids content provided by the practice of this invention insures the presence of sufiicient silica to provide an excellent inorganic binder, i.e., silica in the form of a gel uniformly dispersed throughout the mold, in order to provide and maintain the necessary mold strength during metal solidification in casting whereby mold erosion is minimized and excellent cast metal tolerances are achieved.
- Example I To illustrate the practice of the present invention, a silicate binder composition consisting of 90% by weight liquid sodium silicate (lNa O:2.84SiO containing 43.1% solids, and 10% by weight finely-divided anhydrous sodium metasilicate (-60 to +200 mesh) is prepared by adding the solid silicate to the liquid silicate. Using the thus-prepared binder (solids content 48.8%) a sand-silicate mixture is prepared by admixing 95% by weight of 80 grain fineness sand, and 5% by weight silicate binder. This mixture is formed into 2 inch square cubes which are then impregnated with carbon dioxide for 10 seconds. The thus-treated cubes have an unfired or green strength of 277 psi.
- Example II The procedure according to Example I is repeated using 90% by weight liquid sodium silicate (1Na- O:2.4SiO containing 46.6% solids, and by weight powdered anhydrous sodium metasilicate.
- the resultant silicate mixture has an Na O:SiO ratio of 1:2.0 and a solids content of 51.94.
- Compressive strength of a two inch square cube of the thus-formed 95% sand5% silicate composition after exposure to carbon dioxide for 10 seconds is 172 p.s.i.
- a similarly-proportioned sand-silicate mixture employing a silicate binder consisting of 100% liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:2.0SiO containing 43.5% solids has a compressive strength of but 55 p.s.i.
- Example III Using the procedure of Example I, a 95% sand-5% silicate composition is prepared, the silicate comprising a mixture of 93% by weight liquid sodium silicate (lNa O:3.22SiO containing 38.35% solids, and 7% by weight powdered anhydrous sodium metasilicate.
- the resulting silicate mixture (1Na O:2.59SiO has a solids content of 42.65%.
- the compressive strength of a two inch square cube of such a material after impregnation with carbon dioxide for 10 seconds is 177 p.s.i.
- Example IV The process of Example I is repeated using as a binder a composition obtained by mixing 95% by weight liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:3.22SiO and 5% by weight powdered anhydrous sodium metasilicate, the resulting silicate mixture (1Na O:2.75SiO having a solids content of 41.45%.
- the compressive strength of a two inch square cube formed of such a sand-silicate mixture after impregnation with carbon dioxide for 10 seconds is 167 p.s.i.
- Example V A comparative test using as the silicate a liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:3.3SiO having a solids content of 37.3% indicates a compressive strength of only 67
- Example V Using the procedure of Example I, a sand-silicate composition is preparcd containing 5% of a silicate binder which consists of 88.35% by weight liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:3.22SiO containing 38.55% solids, 4.65% anhydrous sodium metasilicate, and 7.00% glycerine, the resultant silicate mixture having the ratio
- the compressive strength of such a sand-silicate mixture after impregnation with CO for 10 seconds is 168 p.s.i.
- Example VI Using the procedure of Example I, a sand-silicate composition is prepared containing 5% of a silicate binder which consists of a mixture of 90% by weight liquid sodium silicate (lNa O:2.4SiO containing 46.6% solids, 5% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate, and 5% by weight sucrose, the resultant silicate mixture having the ratio Na O:2.03SiO
- a silicate binder which consists of a mixture of 90% by weight liquid sodium silicate (lNa O:2.4SiO containing 46.6% solids, 5% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate, and 5% by weight sucrose
- the compressive strength of such a sand-silicate mixture after impregnation with CO for 10 seconds is 372 p.s.i.
- Example VII The procedure of Example I is repeated using a 5% silicate binder comprising a mixture of 82% by weight liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:3.22SiO containing 38.55 solids, 7% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate, 10% by weight sucrose, and 1% by weight parafiin oil, the resulting silicate mixture having the ratio 1Na O:2.52SiO
- the compressive strength of such a sand-silicate mixture after impregnation with CO for 10 seconds is 162 p.s.i.
- Example VIII The procedure of Example I is repeated using as the silicate binder 5% of a mixture consisting of 90% by weight liquid sodium silicate (lNa O:2.84SiO containing 43.1% solids, 5% by Weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate, and 5% by weight sucrose, the resultant silicate mixture having the ratio 1Na O:2.45SiO
- the compressive strength of such a sand-silicate composition after impregnation with CO for 10 seconds is 333 p.s.i.
- a similar comparative test using 5% of a mixture of 95 liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:2.4SiO and 5% sorbitol indicates a compressive strength of but 107 p.s.i.
- Example IX One ton of a sand-silicate binder composition embodying the invention is prepared by mixing mesh sand with 5% by weight of silicate binder consisting of liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:2.84SiO and 10% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate.
- the thus-prepared sand-silicate mixture is pressed against the face of a pattern with an air hammer to a thickness of 4 to 5 inches and backed with green sand.
- the thus-prepared material is impregnated with carbon dioxide for seven minutes.
- the casting-defining surface is brushed with a conventional alcohol-graphite wash.
- the mold is then assembled and cast. Following solidification, an excellent casting is obtained with substantially no penetration or veining noted.
- silicate compositions illustrate use of solid silicates other than sodium metasilicate in composition embodying the invention.
- Example X 83% liquid sodium silicate (1Na O:2.84SiO 17% powdered sodium disilicate (1Na O:2SiO
- a metal casting mold adapted for use in casting of high melting metals and alloys, said mold being formed from a mixture of a major proportion of about 90% to 97% by weight of a finely-divided refractory and a minor proportion of about 3% to 10% by weight of a liquid binder comprising in combination about 1 to 20%, inclusive, of a finely-divided water-soluble solid alkali metal silicate having an alkali metal oxidezsilica ratio within the range of 2.0:1.0 to 1.0:3.3, inclusive, and about 80% to 99% of a liquid alkali metal silicate having a solids content of about 38% to 46% by weight, the resultant mold when impregnated with carbon dioxide having an unfired strength substantially greater than that obtained using a liquid alkali metal silicate of the same total solids content employed without addition of the said solid alkali metal silicate.
- a composition of matter comprising the material obtained by combining about 60% to 95% by weight of a liquid aqueous alkali metal silicate having a silicazalkali metal oxide ratio within the range from 1.5 to 3.3:1.0 and a solids content of about 38% to 46% by weight, about 1% to 20% by weight of a finely-divided soluble solid alkali metal silicate having an alkali metal oxide:sil ica ratio within the range of 2.0:l.0 to l.0:3.3, inclusive, to increase the total solids content of the resultant liquid composition and about 1% to 25% by weight of a polyhydroxy organic compound.
- composition of matter consisting essentially of a major proportion of finely-divided refractory material and a minor proportion of the composition of claim 3.
- a composition of matter adapted for use in forming metal casting molds consisting essentially of, in combination, an intimate mixture of about 90% to 97% of a finely-divided refractory material and the balance a binder consisting essentially of about 60% to 95% by weight of a liquid sodium silicate having a SiO :Na O ratio within the range from about 1.5 to 33:10, inclusive, and a solids content of about 38% to 46% by weight, to which has been added about 1% to 25% by weight of a polyhydroxy organic compound and about 1% to 20% by weight of finely-divided, solid sodium metasilicate.
- a composition of matter comprising the mixture obtained by combining about 60% to 95% by weight of a liquid alkali metal silicate having a silica to alkali metal oxide ratio within the range from about 1.5 and 33:10, inclusive, and a solids content of about 38% to 46% by weight, and about 1% to 20% by weight of a finelydivided soluble, solid alkali metal silicate having a silica to alkali metal oxide ratio within the range from about 2.0 alkali metal oxide:l.0 silica to 1.0 alkali metal oxide:3.33 silica, inclusive, the resultant composition when impregnated with carbon dioxide having an unfired strength substantially greater than that obtained using a liquid alkali metal silicate of the final total solids content employed without addition of the said solid alkali metal silicate.
- a mold according to claim 1 wherein the resultant mold is a shell mold.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LU34969D LU34969A1 (ja) | 1956-02-29 | ||
BE555362D BE555362A (ja) | 1956-02-29 | ||
GB847476D GB847476A (en) | 1956-02-29 | 1956-02-29 | Improvements in or relating to compositions of matter suitable for the production of moulds |
US568442A US2905563A (en) | 1956-02-29 | 1956-02-29 | Alkali metal silicate binder for foundry sand molds and process |
FR1172710D FR1172710A (fr) | 1956-02-29 | 1957-02-27 | Moules pour coulage de métaux |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US568442A US2905563A (en) | 1956-02-29 | 1956-02-29 | Alkali metal silicate binder for foundry sand molds and process |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2905563A true US2905563A (en) | 1959-09-22 |
Family
ID=24271308
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US568442A Expired - Lifetime US2905563A (en) | 1956-02-29 | 1956-02-29 | Alkali metal silicate binder for foundry sand molds and process |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2905563A (ja) |
BE (1) | BE555362A (ja) |
FR (1) | FR1172710A (ja) |
GB (1) | GB847476A (ja) |
LU (1) | LU34969A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3230099A (en) * | 1960-09-01 | 1966-01-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Carbon dioxide cured sand molds employing dry sodium silicate binder |
US3385345A (en) * | 1966-03-04 | 1968-05-28 | Ashland Oil Inc | Method of making rapid curing foundry cores |
DE2264206A1 (de) * | 1972-12-28 | 1974-07-11 | Kent Woonton | Verfahren und einrichtung zum herstellen von gussformen |
DE2641249A1 (de) * | 1975-09-15 | 1977-03-31 | Avebe Coop Verkoop Prod | Bindemittelzusammensetzungen |
DE2750294A1 (de) * | 1976-11-11 | 1978-05-18 | Avebe Coop Verkoop Prod | Alkalisilikat enthaltende bindemittel |
US4121942A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1978-10-24 | Asamichi Kato | Molding method |
US4226277A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1980-10-07 | Ralph Matalon | Novel method of making foundry molds and adhesively bonded composites |
US4338374A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1982-07-06 | Woellner-Werke | Fireproof material |
US4586959A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-05-06 | Societe Francaise Hoechst | Composition for facing in the building field |
CN109909443A (zh) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-21 | 佛山市博特美陶瓷有限公司 | 一种水玻璃砂的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2510922A1 (fr) * | 1981-08-07 | 1983-02-11 | Bruss Politekhn | Materiau liant organomineral a base de silicate et d'additifs organiques |
DE3908560A1 (de) * | 1989-03-16 | 1990-09-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Bindemittel auf basis waessriger alkalimetallsilikatloesungen und deren verwendung |
Citations (11)
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US2368322A (en) * | 1940-02-20 | 1945-01-30 | Passelecq Georges | Core making process |
US2480896A (en) * | 1947-09-18 | 1949-09-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Treatment of plaster of paris bonded molds with liquid hydrocarbon prior to autoclaving |
US2494403A (en) * | 1945-09-19 | 1950-01-10 | United States Gypsum Co | Mold composition |
US2521839A (en) * | 1949-08-11 | 1950-09-12 | Austenal Lab Inc | Refractory casting mold and method of making same |
GB710099A (en) * | 1951-04-11 | 1954-06-09 | Harborough Construction Compan | Improvements in or relating to the production of moulds, cores and the like |
US2732600A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | Sand cores having high-temperature strength | ||
GB745402A (en) * | 1952-07-09 | 1956-02-22 | Wilhelm Schmidt | Improvements in or relating to a process for the production of moulds and cores for foundry purposes |
US2748435A (en) * | 1951-11-14 | 1956-06-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Process for reinforcing shell molds |
US2749586A (en) * | 1952-08-14 | 1956-06-12 | Mercast Corp | Process of forming shell mold |
US2787968A (en) * | 1955-09-08 | 1957-04-09 | Nat Aluminate Corp | Method of improving frictional contact between metal surfaces normally in rolling contact and resultant structure |
US2861893A (en) * | 1956-05-25 | 1958-11-25 | Brumley Donaidson Co | Foundry cores |
-
0
- BE BE555362D patent/BE555362A/xx unknown
- LU LU34969D patent/LU34969A1/xx unknown
-
1956
- 1956-02-29 GB GB847476D patent/GB847476A/en not_active Expired
- 1956-02-29 US US568442A patent/US2905563A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1957
- 1957-02-27 FR FR1172710D patent/FR1172710A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2732600A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | Sand cores having high-temperature strength | ||
US2368322A (en) * | 1940-02-20 | 1945-01-30 | Passelecq Georges | Core making process |
US2494403A (en) * | 1945-09-19 | 1950-01-10 | United States Gypsum Co | Mold composition |
US2480896A (en) * | 1947-09-18 | 1949-09-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Treatment of plaster of paris bonded molds with liquid hydrocarbon prior to autoclaving |
US2521839A (en) * | 1949-08-11 | 1950-09-12 | Austenal Lab Inc | Refractory casting mold and method of making same |
GB710099A (en) * | 1951-04-11 | 1954-06-09 | Harborough Construction Compan | Improvements in or relating to the production of moulds, cores and the like |
US2748435A (en) * | 1951-11-14 | 1956-06-05 | Gen Motors Corp | Process for reinforcing shell molds |
GB745402A (en) * | 1952-07-09 | 1956-02-22 | Wilhelm Schmidt | Improvements in or relating to a process for the production of moulds and cores for foundry purposes |
US2749586A (en) * | 1952-08-14 | 1956-06-12 | Mercast Corp | Process of forming shell mold |
US2787968A (en) * | 1955-09-08 | 1957-04-09 | Nat Aluminate Corp | Method of improving frictional contact between metal surfaces normally in rolling contact and resultant structure |
US2861893A (en) * | 1956-05-25 | 1958-11-25 | Brumley Donaidson Co | Foundry cores |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3230099A (en) * | 1960-09-01 | 1966-01-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Carbon dioxide cured sand molds employing dry sodium silicate binder |
US3385345A (en) * | 1966-03-04 | 1968-05-28 | Ashland Oil Inc | Method of making rapid curing foundry cores |
DE2264206A1 (de) * | 1972-12-28 | 1974-07-11 | Kent Woonton | Verfahren und einrichtung zum herstellen von gussformen |
US4121942A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1978-10-24 | Asamichi Kato | Molding method |
DE2641249A1 (de) * | 1975-09-15 | 1977-03-31 | Avebe Coop Verkoop Prod | Bindemittelzusammensetzungen |
US4070196A (en) * | 1975-09-15 | 1978-01-24 | Foseco International Limited | Binder compositions |
DE2750294A1 (de) * | 1976-11-11 | 1978-05-18 | Avebe Coop Verkoop Prod | Alkalisilikat enthaltende bindemittel |
US4226277A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1980-10-07 | Ralph Matalon | Novel method of making foundry molds and adhesively bonded composites |
US4338374A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1982-07-06 | Woellner-Werke | Fireproof material |
US4586959A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-05-06 | Societe Francaise Hoechst | Composition for facing in the building field |
CN109909443A (zh) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-21 | 佛山市博特美陶瓷有限公司 | 一种水玻璃砂的制备方法 |
CN109909443B (zh) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-11-20 | 义乌市君胜科技有限公司 | 一种水玻璃砂的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
LU34969A1 (ja) | |
FR1172710A (fr) | 1959-02-13 |
BE555362A (ja) | |
GB847476A (en) | 1960-09-07 |
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