US2902395A - Absorbent wiping sheet - Google Patents

Absorbent wiping sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
US2902395A
US2902395A US459275A US45927554A US2902395A US 2902395 A US2902395 A US 2902395A US 459275 A US459275 A US 459275A US 45927554 A US45927554 A US 45927554A US 2902395 A US2902395 A US 2902395A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
threads
adhesive
fabric
cross
thread
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US459275A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harlan W Hirschy
Carl H Rowe
Kenneth J Harwood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Corp
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Kimberly Clark Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE538806D priority Critical patent/BE538806A/xx
Priority to DENDAT1066984D priority patent/DE1066984B/de
Priority to BE538804D priority patent/BE538804A/xx
Priority to BE538805D priority patent/BE538805A/xx
Priority to US45948754 priority patent/US3072511A/en
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Corp filed Critical Kimberly Clark Corp
Priority to US459275A priority patent/US2902395A/en
Priority to GB9999/55A priority patent/GB783558A/en
Priority to GB10354/55A priority patent/GB804282A/en
Priority to DEI10397A priority patent/DE1055939B/de
Priority to DEI10396A priority patent/DE1044591B/de
Priority to FR1136350D priority patent/FR1136350A/fr
Priority to CH349243D priority patent/CH349243A/de
Priority to CH350270D priority patent/CH350270A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2902395A publication Critical patent/US2902395A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/32—Multi-ply with materials applied between the sheets
    • D21H27/34—Continuous materials, e.g. filaments, sheets, nets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • A47K10/16—Paper towels; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1039—Surface deformation only of sandwich or lamina [e.g., embossed panels]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1798—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means with liquid adhesive or adhesive activator applying means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y10T428/24083—Nonlinear strands or strand-portions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y10T428/24091—Strand or strand-portions with additional layer[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y10T428/24091—Strand or strand-portions with additional layer[s]
    • Y10T428/24099—On each side of strands or strand-portions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826—Spot bonds connect components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/184—Nonwoven scrim
    • Y10T442/198—Coated or impregnated

Definitions

  • ABSORBENT wIPING SHEET filed sept. so, 1954 3 sheets-sheet s INVENTORS ⁇ HARLAN w. HlRscHY, CARL H. Rows.
  • Fig. l is a plan on an enlarged scale of a netlike web or fabric constructed of threads and which typies one element of several forms of products according to the invention, certain proportions being exaggerated to facilitate illustration;
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective of a component of the web represented in Fig. l;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlargement of a portion of the sectional illustration shown in Fig. 3;
  • Figs. 5, 5a and 6 are fragmentary plan views of selected forms of material according to the invention.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively, schematic representations of various method steps for producing products, or elements of products embracing the present invention.
  • the fabric represented in Figure 1 is a component of many products of the present invention. It is a nonwoven fabric which comprises a set of threads 1 which extend lengthwise of the fabric, and a second set of threads 2 which extend crosswise of the length of the fabric.
  • the threads in each of said sets are preferably but not necessarily disposed in parallel, substantially spaced relation to each other, the set of threads 2 being disposed wholly or entirely on one side of the other set of threads l, the said thread sets being disposed in face-to-face relation to each other and adhesively bonded together where the threads of one set cross the threads of the other set.
  • FIG. 7 One suchappar'atus is schematically represented in Figure 7 where a series of parallel threads 1 are shown as being guided across an adhesive applying roller 3 which rotates in a pan 4 of adhesive, the threads being suitably guided from said adhesive applying roller 3 into circum# ferentially spaced relationship about an elongated eylindrical mandrel 5.
  • a guide member 6 serves, in part, the purpose of guiding the threads into said circumferentially spaced relationship about the mandrel.
  • provision may be made to dry or partially dry the adhesive on the threads to prevent wet adhesive from gumming up the guide 6 and mandrel 5, and suitable provision such as heating or inoistening means may be provided for reactivating the adhesive at the required time to make such adhesive useful for bonding the threads together and other components to the threads 1.
  • the threads are advanced lengthwise along said mandrel, and a rotated ring 7 which carries one or more spools 8 of thread, wraps thread around said mandrel 5 and the threads l thereon to produce a tube 9 of fabric consisting of a set of lengthwise threads and a set of crosswise threads extending around the threads 1.
  • the tube is slitted ⁇ lengthwise by a suitable slitter indicated at 1l] and the fabric tube then opened up to form a hat single ply fabric web 11.
  • the thread applied from the spool 8 thus becomes the cross threads 2 of the fabric shown in Figure 1 and said cross threads are bonded to the threads 1 by means of the adhesive which was applied by the adhesive applicator roll 3.
  • Any suitable means (not shown), such as a doctor blade for example, may be associated with the roll 3 to control the depth of adhesive applied by the roll to the threads.
  • the cross threads 2 are effectively bonded to the lengthwise threads 1 but adhesive-stiening of the crosslaid thread fabric is nevertheless ⁇ avoided to a significant degree. Adhesive stiifening of the fabric is avoided rst by constructing the fabric with ⁇ one set of threads, the cross-threads 2 in this instance, free of adhesive intermediate the thread intersections so that said cross-threads retain very nearly their full normal flexibility and softness.
  • Adhesive stiffening of the fabric is also to some extent avoided when, as in this instance, the adhesive-free threads are capable of and do absorb adhesive from the adhesive coated threads at the intersections so that at each intersection there is, is effect, a reduced amount of adhesive in or on the adhesively coated thread; this results in a short length of thread at the intersection, which is somewhat more flexible than4 those portions of the thread which carry the full application of adhesive. It may be observed that the absorption of adhesive in this manner at the thread crossings does not materially affect the flexibility of the cross threads which, except for such absorbed adhesive, are free of adhesive.
  • Adhesive stiffening of the fabric may further be avoided by causing the formation of adhesive voids or adhesivefree thread portions 13, more or less as disclosed in Harwood et al. Patent 2,564,689. This may be accomplished by so forming or operating the adhesive applying roller 3 that the adhesive will be discontinuously applied to the longitudinal threads 1.
  • the roller 3 may be provided with one or more recesses which will not carry adhesive to the threads, or said roll may be a smooth surface roll and operated at a surface speed which is somewhat less than the speed of travel of the threads 1 so that there is a tendency for the adhesive to be stretched out along the threads 1 as they leave the roller 3.
  • This relationship may be such that the adhesive coatings will actually be broken at various points, thereby to 3; provide at leasty short adhesive free lengths along the longitudinal threads 1 such as indicated at 13 in Fig. 1.
  • the adhesive applying roll 3 may be providedv with a heliealor othergrooverz which willserve to interrupt the adhesive application inV such a manner that the adhesive voids 13 fon each-thread will be in offset or staggered relation to-those onthe adjacent threads as shown in Figure l. With that arrangement, it' is made reasonably certainthat no cross threads 2'will engage adhesive'voidson adjacent adhesive-bearing threads 1, whereby adequate bonding of the'fcross threads 1 to the longitudinal threads 1 ⁇ isassured.l
  • therelatively cross-laid threads are disposedin diagonal relationship instead of. in lengthwise andcrosswise relationship to the length of the fabric formed, the resultingweb being then generally characterized as a diamond network web.
  • Such-webs may, in someproducts, be substituted for a web having lengthwise-and crosswise extending threadsV as represented in Figure l.
  • Cross-laid'fabrics have heretofore been produced from relatively stiff, heavy weight fibers such as glass, hemp, etc., to form reinforcing Webs, especially in certain types of building papers and heavy wrapping papers.
  • the hard and stiff nettingsV so formed are not-suited to the products herein contemplated which, in general, should be soft and flexible and capableof being folded and rumpled on themselves like soft textile materials.
  • the threads 1 and'2 be in the form of low twist multiple filament threads as distinguished from conventional spun fiber threads.
  • the lengthwise threads 1 were made of 30 rayon filaments tocprovide threads of 75 vdenier and thecrosswise'threads 2 were made of 40 such filaments to form threads of 100 denier. All of the threads'were of low twist construction, the lengthwise threads being of about 21/2 twist per inch and the crosswise threads of about'4 twist per'inch.
  • the multi-filament threads should have a ⁇ denier within the range of about 30 to 150 and embody from 2 to 150 individual, continuous filaments having a denier within the range of about l to l', the'threads having'a twist less than' 6 per inch.v Y
  • Threads ofthe indicated low twist, multiple filament construction are quite flexible and soft and as a result of spooling and ⁇ other handling, suchthreads tend to assume a somewhat flattened or oval form as indicated at 14 in Figure 2.
  • threads of this character are cross-laid to form the fabric represented in Figure 1, the filaments tend to fan out at'the thread crossings to form flattened, increased-width ⁇ crossings as represented in Figure l.
  • This flattening effect is highly ldesirable and may be increased by the application of light pressure to press the cross threads 2'into intimate contact with the lengthwise threads 1.
  • This flattening effect may also be increased by rubbing, brushing or4 similarly working the threads either in the'localized areas of the thread intersections or along their entire lengths so 'as to flatten the entire lengths of-the threads.
  • Such flatteningover theentire lengths is, ingeneral, quite desirable in that itreduces the thickness of the cross-laid thread web and thereby facilitates embodiment of-the same ina laminated sheeting with-minimum visible evidence of the'presence of the cross-laid thread fabric inthe sheeting.
  • the low twist, adhesively bondedfthread construction employed in making the cross-laid thread fabric of Figure l results in a very soft and limp but dimensionally stable fabric.
  • The-adhesiveemployed may be of any type suitable to the-purpose for which the fabric is prepared;
  • v polyvinyl acetatel solutionV containingr a plasticizer isv polyvinyl acetatel solutionV containingr a plasticizer.
  • One exampleof such adhesive may contain 30'percent polyvinyl acetate, 67 percent solvent (commercial Solox, an alcohol base preparation), and ⁇ 3 percent ofv dibutyl phthalate plasticizer.
  • Adhesives of the emulsion, plastisol, or organisol types may be used as may also'hotl melt type adhesives such asl polyethylene.
  • Adhesives which are thermoplastic in character are usually preferred and may be reactivated ork softened by the application of heat or by the use of'suitablesolvents to permit pressure embedment of one set of threads into the adhesive carried by the other set and to facilitate lamination of other materials to the cross-laid thread web through the agency of adhesive carried by the latter.
  • the adhesive ernployed' should, of course, be selected in accordance with the use to which the fabric is to be put. In some instances water-proof adhesives are indicated and in other instances, oil-proof adhesive may be required. In still other instances water-proofness or oil-'proofness may be of no importance and considerations of flexibility and strength ofbond regardedas the main requirements.
  • a cross-laid thread fabric web such as represented in Figure 1 may have applied to it an applique l5 of fibers such as cotton or synthetic fibers.
  • This applique may be in the form of a carded or otherwise integrated web but for many purposes this applique may consist of a very thin, flimsy, light weight, and highly pervious layer of fibers.
  • a fiber layer or applique having a weight of about 11/2 grams per square yard of fabric is desirable.
  • a low weight fiber applique of this character is very pervious to liquid and does .not significantly reduce the permeability of the thread fabric. Nevertheless it provides a sheath or shield which imparts a smooth and soft feel to the thread web.
  • Such an applique of bers may be applied to both sides ofthe thread web but it is usually not necessary, especially when the web is of an open mesh construction such as 5 x 5 or even 18 x 14, since some of the fibers applied to one side Will usually project through the web to suchan extent that a smoothening effect is readily ⁇ noticeable en both sides of the web.
  • the fibers of the non-woven applique 15 may be adhesively bonded to the thread web as hereinafter explained and these fibers are preferably of such a length thatV many of the-fibers will bridge adjacent pairs of threads and bridge across the angles formed by intersecting threads to thereby hold and brace the threads in their desired assembled relationship.
  • This fiber connection of both parallel and cross threads may occur even in the absence of adhesive connection of fibers to the threads since the fibers have an inherent tendency to cling to the threads, but the said stabilizing effect is probably best attained when the fibers are adhesively attached to the threads.
  • the liber applique may be applied by various types of mechanism one of which is typified in Figure 8 where a bat 16 of the selected fiber material is fed endwise against a picker or similar disintegrating Wheel 17 which disintegrates the bat 16 and discharges a stream 1S of fibers against a web 19 of cross-laid thread fabric to thereby form the applique 15 on the side of the fabric formed by the cross threads 2.
  • the cross-laid fabric 19 may be guided through the zone of operation of the picker wheel 17 directly from the apparatus by which the cross-laid fabric is produced so that the adhesive on the lengthwise threads 1 remains at least slightly active on its surface in the zone in which the fibers are deposited on the fabric.
  • the adhesive bonding of the fibers to the threads, and of threads to threads, may be substantially improved by conducting the fiber surfaced cross-laid web through a calender roll stack such as represented at 20.
  • the cross threads 2 are thereby pressed into the adhesive carried by the lengthwise threads 1, and the threads are pressed into each other to attain the thread flattening effect represented in Figure 4 and the resulting increased area of adhesive bonding of the threads to each other.
  • the fiber applique is also pressed into the thread fabric and some of the fibers caused to be more completely embedded in the adhesive carried by the threads 1 to more securely bond the fiber applique to the cross-laid thread web.
  • the fiber applique 15 after being pressed against the crosslaid thread web appears to be more or less compacted in the areas of the threads as represented at 21 while retaining comparative flufliness in the areas of the interstices of the fabric as represented at 22. where some of the fibers are also caused to penetrate through the thread fabric so as to be in evidence on the face of the fabric opposite to that on which the fibers were initially deposited.
  • the areas of said interstices constitute a large majority of the area of the fabric so that the fluffness of the fiber applique in said areas providespin effect, an over-all iiufliness or soft cushion effect.
  • the calendering rolls may be heated to reactivate thermo-plastic adhesive when used, and it is usually preferable that the cooperating calender rolls between which the material is passed comprise a steel roll and a cotton roll in Order to avoid cutting of the cross-laid threads at their intersections.
  • the lengthwise threads 1 of the fabric 19 be on the side of the fabric which engages said cotton roll 23 (which is usually somewhat cooler than the cooperating steel roll) so that said threads will be effective to strip the cross threads 2 and the fiber applique 15 from the roll 23 to which they may otherwise tend to adhere.
  • the fiber applique and the ⁇ adhesive-free threads 2 will prevent adhesive attachment of the adhesive-bearing longitudinal threads to the other roll.
  • the thickness of the fiber applique 15 may, of course, be varied to suit the intended end use of the material. This thickness is dependent upon such variable factors as the speed of travel of the cross-laid thread web 19 through the fiber applying Zone, the speed at which the bat 16 is fed to the picker 17 and the thickness or weight of the bat 16.
  • a form of cellulosic sheet material embodying the above described cross-laid thread material is represented in Fig. 5, this sheet material being in the nature of industrial wiping material to be used as a substitute for conventional textile cloth wipes.
  • the material there shown comprises a Vplurality of plies of crepe tissue paper or wadding, in this instance, six plies indicated at 24. Theseplies are adhesively bonded to each other in a multiplicity uniformly over the entire area of the multi-ply web of. For industrial wipes purposes the waddingv wadding.
  • plies may be formed of a high percentage of unbleached wood pulp formed into very thin, highly pervious and very tenuous, crepe tissue material with but little wet' strength but high absorbent capacity; this material rep-l resents a Very low cost cellulosic component of thel sheeting.
  • the ⁇ fiber layers 26 being very light, say within the range of l1/2 to 6 grams per square yard, are very pervious and permit the adhesive carried by the longitudinal threads of the cross-laid fabric component 27 to penetrate said fiber layers to come into engagement with the surfaces of the wadding filler thereby to effect adhesive bonding of said cross-laid thread fabrics and fiber layers to said wadding filler.
  • This adhesive attachment of the cross-laid thread fabrics and the fiber layer to the wadding filler may be insured by the application off relatively light pressure, as for example by passing the assembled materials between suitably spaced and loaded calender or pressure rolls. If the adhesive employed on the thread web is of thermoplastic character, it may be reactivated by employing at least one heated calender roll at a temperature sufficient to suitably act on said adhesive.
  • FIG. 5A A modification of the ⁇ arrangement shown in Figure 5 is represented in Figure 5A where the wadding plies 24 are bonded together by means of a series of lengthwise extending adhesive bearing threads 28. These threads are passed through a bath of adhesive or otherwise suitably coated with adhesive immediately preceding their delivery into position between the respectively adjacent wadding plies 24.
  • the adhesive may be applied to such threads in an amount which will be sufficient to cause the adhesive to penetrate the adjacent and next adjacent plies of wadding so that all of the wadding plies will become adhesively bonded together.
  • the adhesively coated threads 28 serve not only as an adhesive applying medium but also to impart tensile strength to the absorbent layer of tissue in the direction of said threads.
  • the outer faces of the assemblage of wadding plies are covered with crosslaid, low twist thread fabric with fiber facings, as shown in Figure 5, such covering fabrics being adhesively bonded to the outer faces of the wadding assemblage in the manner above explained.
  • bonding of the various elements of the described sheeting to each other may be aided by incorporating in either or both the cross and machine direction threads and in the fiber applique, thermoplastic fibers which may be reactivated incident to calendering or other treatment which will suitably reactivate the fibers and cause them to become adhesively attached to the adjacent components of the sheeting.
  • adhesive may be suitably applied to one or more of the inner wadding plies of the absorbent body, for example by spraying or printing, the adhesive being applied in such an amount that it will penetrate the desired Wadding plies to adhesively bond the same to each other and to plies on opposite sides of the ply or plies to which adhesive is so applied.
  • the amount of adhesive so applied may, of course, be controlledto .limit the extentto which ,the adhesive willpenetratenother rplies, and thevapplication kof adhesive is preferably domein such a manner that it will occurin a multiplicity of ldiscrete areas over the lply rather than as a continuous ilm ⁇ over the entire area of thel ply, thereby to avoid stitfening of the product.
  • the absorbent filler comprises a central layer 31 of socalled fluff material, ie., cellulosic fibers deposited in a layer of the desired depth.
  • fluff material ie., cellulosic fibers deposited in a layer of the desired depth.
  • a layer of fluff may be collected between plies SZ'and 33 respectively of crepe tissue paper wadding, these plies being of either single or multiple ply constructionA as desired.
  • The, assemblage of iiuff and, crepe tissue paper retainers may be bonded together .by amultiplicity of embossed areas such las indicated at 34.
  • a iiuff bodied filler of this character may be embracedv between protective surface coverings of fiberlined, cross-laid threads as described in connection with Figure 5.
  • FIG. 8 One method of producing the product shown in Figure 5 is schematically illustrated in Figure 8. As there shown a web 19 of crosslaid fabricA is guided through the zone of operation of mechanism which deposits the desired layer of fibers on the cross-laid fabric which may then be calendered by means V.of a suitable calender stack 20 to produce the fiber faced cover web 27 for one side of the product.
  • a roll consisting of the required six or other number of tissue webs, or fluff and tissue paper, bonded together in the selected manner, for example as above described in connection with Figures 5 and 6, is suitably supported and the web 36 delivered therefrom into superposed relation to the cover web 27 produced as aforesaid.
  • the assemblage is then subjected to pressure between a pair of pressure rolls 4t) which may be heatedto reactivate thermoplastic adhesive carried bythe longitudinal threads of the cross-laid fabric in the cover webs to thereby elect adhesive bonding of said cover webs to the absorbent wadding layer inthe manner already explained.
  • pressure rolls 4t may be heatedto reactivate thermoplastic adhesive carried bythe longitudinal threads of the cross-laid fabric in the cover webs to thereby elect adhesive bonding of said cover webs to the absorbent wadding layer inthe manner already explained.
  • Other methods of assembling the components may, of course, be employed and the described method is merely intended to be representative of one arrangement.
  • wadding ⁇ material made according to Fig. 5a embodied six plies of unbleached creped tissue paper formed mainly of unbleached wood pulp, the individual plies having a basis weight of about 6.5 pounds per ream of 480 sheets, measuring 24 by 36".
  • the adhesive carrying threads 28 were very fine multiple rayon iilamentthreads of low twist embodying 30 filaments having a twist of about 21/2 per inch, the resulting threads being of 75 denier.
  • These threads were coated with polyvinyl acetate adhesive having the composition above mentioned. The weight of the adhesive carried by such threads per square yard of fabric was 2 to 3 grams.
  • the cross-laid thread fabric was ofv a l0 X 5 mesh and consisted of low twist rayon filament threads disposed at substantially right angles to each other withV one set ofA threads extending lengthwise of the finished product and the other set extending crosswise thereof.
  • the cross direction threads were of 100 denier comprising 40 filaments and the machine direction threads were of 75 denier comprising 30 rayon filaments.
  • the last described product has a thickness of about .03() to .04() inch and, despite its laminated construction, is very soft and flexible, quite limp, and capable of being rumpled and formed into a pad for wiping purposes. lts softness is such that it could be made to conform quite closely to irregular surfaces andto sharp corners and recesses.
  • Thelplyviiiylfacetate adhesive ⁇ ein-v ployedfor bonding theqcross-laid thre ⁇ ad"fabrcis ⁇ to the assemblage of wadding plies is substantially ymoistureproof Y andv resists Aseparation of the thread ⁇ webs fromthe assemblage lofrwaddiilg lplies so that said cross-laid thread ⁇ e webseconstitute permanent protective facings for the waddinaples
  • Thesaid cross-laid thread webs not only impart substantial tensilelstrengthto the paper ply assemblage butv also provide surface protection which prevents to a' subl very destructive (if ⁇ soft'tissue paper, especially when wet.
  • This wadding protecting function of the fiber faced cross-laid web may, of course, be increased by employing less open mesh net-like fabrics or heavier threads, and
  • said surface covering thread webs or vprotective grilles when made as hereinabove described, especially when made of low twist multiple lamentfthreads, are of sufficiently limp and open mesh'form'ation Vthat'they do not greatly affect the hand of the composite material; hence, the ⁇ hand of the composite material is' predominantly determined or supplied by the body of superposed plies of"cellu1ose"wadding, which body is soft, flexible and compressible'so as to contribute to the product, many of the characteristics of textile toweling and wiping cloth.
  • the vber applique is a highly important element in the protection of the wadding in'that it tends to form a layer in the nature of a very pervious screen whichis smooth and substantially less abrasive than the wadding.
  • This screen is so porous that it does not offer significant resistance to the absorption ofV liquids by the absorbent body and the smooth and non-abrasive character thereofI facilitates movement of-material over a surface inV a wiping operation.
  • the strength ofthe threads for this purpose should, of course, be determined at least partially in view of. the strength of the adhesive bond which is effectedbetween the threads and the absorbent body so that the adhesive bond willretain the threads and cause the same to Abe broken under the circumstances above referredr to.
  • the fibers may be preformed'intoa web, as by carding or other methods and the preformed fiber web assembled with the other components in any suitable manner.
  • Tests indicate that commercial, washed woven textile cloth wipes measuring 13.5,'iriches by 15 inches and weighingrY 38V.Vglrarns Vare capable of'absorbing about 4.4 times theirweight of waterwhereas wipes made as last described, measuringg inches by 16.1 inches were capable of absorbing about 17 times their weight in water.
  • Such textile cloth wipes would absorb about 6 times their weight of oil whereas the described product would ab sorb about 10.8 times its weight in oil.
  • the described improved disposable, but not necessarily single use wipes compare very favorably with commercial textile cloth wipes in respect of limpness and conformability to objects, and handle much like the cloth wipes.
  • the surface characteristics of the material cause the product to slide very easily across a surface being wiped and the high absorbing capacity and high absorbing rate of paper wadding enable wipes made of the described sheeting to pick up or absorb liquids and dirt or other foreign matter in an advantageous manner as compared with the action of commercial cloth wipes.
  • An absorbent ⁇ wiping sheet comprising a layer of absorbent material formed of a plurality of interbonded plies of crepe tissue paper of such thickness and con* struction that said layer may be folded and rumpled like textile cloth and tends to disintegrate under rubbing action, and a protective grille on an exposed face of said absorbent layer, said grille comprising a non-woven open mesh netting of low twist, continuous multi-lament threads, said threads having a twist less than 6 turns per inch and being of a denier within the range of about 30 to 150, the filaments being of a denier of from about l to 15, and the threads of said grille which extend in one direction being coated with an adhesive to thereby bond such threads to the threads extending transversely thereof at their crossings and to bond said grille to said absorbent layer, and said threads being flattened at said crossings to thereby enlarge the areas of bonding between the threads and increase the exibility and smoothness of the sheet.
  • An absorbent wiping sheet comprising a layer of absorbent material formed of a plurality of interbonded plies of crepe tissue paper of such thickness and construction that said layer may be folded and rumpled like textile cloth and tends to disintegrate under rubbing action, and a protective ⁇ grille on an exposed face of said absorbent layer, said grille comprising a non-woven open mesh netting of low twist, continuous multi-lament threads, said threads having a twist less than 6 turns per inch and being of a denier within the range of about 30 to 150, the filaments being of a denier of from about 1 to l5, a non-Woven facing of fibers intermediate said grille and said exposed face of said absorbent layer, and the threads of said grille which extend in one direction being coated ⁇ with an adhesive to thereby bond such threads to the threads extending transversely thereof at their cross ings and to bond said grille and said non-wolven facing of fibers to said absorbent layer, said transverse threads being essentially
  • An absorbent wiping sheet comprising a layer of absorbent material formed of a plurality of interbonded plies of crepe tissue paper of such thickness and construction that said layer may be folded and rumpled like textile cloth and tends to disintegrate under rubbing action, said plies being bonded together by a series of adhesive coated threads intermediate said plies, and a protective grille on an exposed face of said absorbent layer, said grille comprising a non-woven open mesh netting of low twist, continuous multi-filament threads, said threads having Ia twist less than 6 turns per inch and being of a denier within the range of about 30 to 150, the laments being of a denier of from about 1 to 15, and the threads of said grille which extend in one direction being coated with an adhesive to thereby bond such threads to the threads extending transversely thereof at their crossings and to bond said grille to said absorbent layer, said transverse threads being essentially free of adhesive except at said crossings, and said threads being lattened at said crossings to
  • An absorbent wiping sheet comprising a sheet of absorbent material formed by a layer of fluff disposed between a plurality of interbonded plies of crepe tissue paper and being of such thickness and construction that said layer of absorbent material may be folded and rum-pled like textile cloth and tends to disintegrate under rubbing action, said fluff and crepe tissue plies being bonded together by embossing, and a protective grille on an exposed face of said absorbent sheet, said grille compn'sing a non-woven open mesh netting of low twist, continuous multi-filament threads, said threads having a twist less than 6 turns per inch and being of a denier within the range of about 30 to 150, the laments being of a denier of from about 1 to 15, and the 'threads of Said grille which extend in one direction being coated with an adhesive to thereby bond such threads to the threads extending transversely thereof at their crossings and to bond said grille to said absorbent layer, and said threads being flattened

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US459275A 1954-09-30 1954-09-30 Absorbent wiping sheet Expired - Lifetime US2902395A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE538806D BE538806A (da) 1954-09-30
DENDAT1066984D DE1066984B (de) 1954-09-30 Mit Aussparungen versehenes, ebenes Flächengebilde aus an den Kreuzungspunkten verklebten regenerierten, vollsynthetischen oder Glas-Längsund Querfäden
BE538804D BE538804A (da) 1954-09-30
BE538805D BE538805A (da) 1954-09-30
US459275A US2902395A (en) 1954-09-30 1954-09-30 Absorbent wiping sheet
US45948754 US3072511A (en) 1954-09-30 1954-09-30 Laminated sheet material
GB9999/55A GB783558A (en) 1954-09-30 1955-04-05 Absorbent, laminated, fibrous sheet material
GB10354/55A GB804282A (en) 1954-09-30 1955-04-07 Improvements in and relating to reinforced, laminated sheet material
DEI10397A DE1055939B (de) 1954-09-30 1955-07-07 Verbundstoff aus weichen, hochflexiblen Faserstoffaussenlagen und einer verstaerkenden Zwischenlage
DEI10396A DE1044591B (de) 1954-09-30 1955-07-07 Falt- und knitterbares Schichtmaterial
FR1136350D FR1136350A (fr) 1954-09-30 1955-09-02 Perfectionnements aux produits cellulosiques
CH349243D CH349243A (de) 1954-09-30 1955-09-28 Faserstoffmaterial in Blattform
CH350270D CH350270A (de) 1954-09-30 1955-09-29 Vorwiegend aus saugfähigem, nichttextilem Fasermaterial bestehendes mehrschichtiges Flächengebilde

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US459275A US2902395A (en) 1954-09-30 1954-09-30 Absorbent wiping sheet

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US2902395A true US2902395A (en) 1959-09-01

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US459275A Expired - Lifetime US2902395A (en) 1954-09-30 1954-09-30 Absorbent wiping sheet

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US (1) US2902395A (da)
BE (3) BE538804A (da)
CH (2) CH349243A (da)
DE (3) DE1055939B (da)
FR (1) FR1136350A (da)
GB (2) GB783558A (da)

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US3047445A (en) * 1958-06-02 1962-07-31 Kimberly Clark Co Cellulosic wiping material
US3149013A (en) * 1960-06-16 1964-09-15 Gen Foods Corp Method for attaching a backing to a fibrous body
US3121249A (en) * 1962-04-12 1964-02-18 Procter & Gamble Detergent-filled disposable paper dishcloth
US3391043A (en) * 1963-05-20 1968-07-02 Orcon Corp Method and apparatus for making non-woven fabrics
US3442750A (en) * 1964-08-07 1969-05-06 Cleveland Fabricating Co Inc T Reinforced sheet material
US3444020A (en) * 1965-07-16 1969-05-13 Johnson & Johnson Method and apparatus for cross-laying fibrous material
US3630800A (en) * 1966-07-01 1971-12-28 Johnson & Johnson Method of manufacturing an improved wiping cloth
US3520016A (en) * 1968-10-09 1970-07-14 Kimberly Clark Co Absorbent wipes
US3765997A (en) * 1968-12-16 1973-10-16 Kimberly Clark Co Laminate
US3775231A (en) * 1968-12-20 1973-11-27 Kimberly Clark Co Multiple embossed flexible web
US3652374A (en) * 1969-03-07 1972-03-28 Kimberly Clark Co Nonblocking nonwoven scrim materials
US3674139A (en) * 1969-09-12 1972-07-04 Ludlow Corp Cotton bale cover
US3887739A (en) * 1969-11-10 1975-06-03 Aerojet General Co Honeycomb structures
US3627621A (en) * 1969-11-14 1971-12-14 Kimberly Clark Co Cross thread reinforced nonwoven material
US3870592A (en) * 1970-02-27 1975-03-11 Kimberly Clark Co Laminates containing outer plies of continuous filament webs
US3900632A (en) * 1970-02-27 1975-08-19 Kimberly Clark Co Laminate of tissue and random laid continuous filament web
US3654020A (en) * 1970-03-30 1972-04-04 Kimberly Clark Co Process for the preparation of tissue-fiber laminates
US3949111A (en) * 1972-12-01 1976-04-06 Jacques Pelletier Fusion bonded non-woven fabric
US4411722A (en) * 1973-11-29 1983-10-25 Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd. Method for producing a non-woven fabric of cross-laminated warp and weft webs of elongated stocks
US4106153A (en) * 1975-07-15 1978-08-15 Lemelson Jerome H Cleaning appliance
US4211807A (en) * 1975-08-08 1980-07-08 Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd. Reinforced non-woven fabrics and method of making same
US4112167A (en) * 1977-01-07 1978-09-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Skin cleansing product having low density wiping zone treated with a lipophilic cleansing emollient
US4201814A (en) * 1977-07-02 1980-05-06 John Francis Gilbert Mesh structures
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DE1044591B (de) 1958-11-20
GB804282A (en) 1958-11-12
CH350270A (de) 1960-11-30
BE538804A (da) 1900-01-01
DE1066984B (de) 1959-10-15
DE1055939B (de) 1959-04-23
FR1136350A (fr) 1957-05-13
BE538806A (da) 1900-01-01
CH349243A (de) 1960-10-15
BE538805A (da) 1900-01-01
GB783558A (en) 1957-09-25

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