US2895585A - Line spacing devices for business machines - Google Patents

Description

July 21, 1959 H. GULDNER ET AL 2,895,585

LINE SPACING DEVICES FOR BUSINESS MACHINES Filed April 18, 1958 5 Sheets-SheerI 1 ATTORNEY 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 No? E# A: L rA Xa E my w u I l l ATTORNEY H. GLDNER ET AL LINE SFACING DEVICES FOR BUSINESS MACHINES Filed April 18, 1958 July 21, 1959 July 21, 1959 H. GULDNER ET Ag. 2,895,585

LINE SPACING DEVICES FOR BUSINESS MACHINES Filed April 18, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEY July 21, 1959 H. GLDNER ET AL 2,895,585

LINE SPACING DEVICES FOR BUSINESS MACHINES Filed April 18, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I l E1. 95

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LINE SPACING DEVICES FOR BUSINESS MACHINES Filed April 18, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY United States APatent fa LINE SPACING DEVICES FOR BUSINESS MACHINES Harry Gldner and Gerhard Tippmann, Karl-Marx- Stadt, Germany, assignors to VEB Buchungsmaschinenwerk Karl-Marx-Stadt, Karl-Marx-Stadt, Germany Application April 18, 1958, Serial No. 729,405

Claims priority, application Germany May 24, 1957 7 Claims. (Cl. 197-114) The present invention relates to line spacing devices for business machines, and more particularly to line spacing devices for bookkeeping, accounting machines, and the like, having movable carriages.

In known devices of this type, the carriage holding the recording medium, sruch as paper or a card, is returned to its starting position after an entry is completed or after the result of an operation has been printed, and the cylinder on the carriage is turned through an angle corresponding to one or several lines whereby the paper held by the cylinder is fed forward by a distance corresponding to one or several line spaces.

Various bookkeeping operations, however, require the paper to be fed both forward and backward. This ocJ curs, for example, when items having many digits and extending over the entire width of a column in the aci count card have to be added, so that a major portion of the machine capacity or the entire capacity is made use of. Because of the large number of items added, the total at the bottom of the card requires more space than the individual items. When several additions are to be performed in adjoining columns, it may happen that because of lack of space the totals of adjoining columns are partially printed on top of each other and thus become illegible. The same holds true with regular entries of figures having many digits.

It is possible to avoid this difficulty by spacing figures one line apart, thus requiring a new line for each total. When several columns are to be added on the same sheet or card, this method requires much space and the totals are not readily identified with their respective columns.

It is furthermore possible manually to advance the paper platen or cylinder by one line after the first total, to set it back by one line after the second total, etc. (see the following example). This method results in a distribution of figures on the sheet or card which is readily comprehended, but it requires` appreciable skill on the part of the operator and is not adapted to automatic bookkeeping operations.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic 'device which permits addition of mul=ti-digit items arranged in adjoining columns without danger of ttrermprsssion Ot totals.. f

Another object of the invention is to provide an automatic device permitting the entry into an account cardy of items exceeding the machine capacity of an individual column.

In its more specic aspects, the present invention provides a platen or cylinder which by means of two line spacing pawls acting in opposite directions is adapted to be indexed backward through an adjustable distance before the printing operation and to be indexed forward after printing through the same or another adjustable distance, there being provided means for disconnecting the forward and/or backward indexing mechanism. Where a split platen or cylinder is used, the invention provides for a second line spacing device acting upon one portion of the cylinder for forward indexing only, and connected to the other line spacing device capable of forward or backward indexing in such a manner that one cylinder portion may be selectively indexed forward or backward, and the other cylinder portion is normally indexed forward through standardl\ine spacings, and that with the cylinder sections coupled together selectively either the line spacing device capable of forward indexing only, or the line spacing device capable of both forward and backward indexing may be used for moving the recording medium.

Other features and objects of the invention will hereinafter become more fully apparent from the following description of the annexed drawings, which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention, and wherein Fig. 1 is a fragmentary top plan, partly in section, of a bookkeeping machine equipped with the line spacing device of the invention, the cover of the machine being partly broken away.

Fig. 2 shows a section of the device of Fig. 1 taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary View of the device of Fig. 2 taken in the direction of the arrow A.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. l.

Fig. 5 is a sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. l.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. l.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view of the device of Fig. 1 taken in the direction of arrow B.

Fig. 9 shows a section of the device of Fig. 6 taken on the line 9--9.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view of the device of Fig. 9 taken in the direction of arrow C.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, there is shown in Fig. l a top view of a bookkeeping machine having a movable carriage v1 and mounted thereon a cylinder or platen 2 provided with a surface layer 3 of rubber. The keyboard or punchboard of the machine is generally indicated at 19. The machine being seen with the rear side in front, the left side of the machine appears on the right side of thc drawing and vice versa. The cylinder illustrated is of split `design and the two portions or halves are adapted to be manually coupled for joint rotary movement. The coupling means comprises a rod 4 axially slidable in a bore of the left-hand section of the split cylinder and adapted to engage a recess or recesses in the right-hand section of the cylinder 2, whereby the two halves of cylinder 2 are rigidly connected. The rod 4 is he'ld in either of two preferred positions by a click-stop mecha-V nism, consisting of an elastic ring 5 adapted to engage peripheral grooves of the rod 4. The cylinderl is' ros Patented July 21, 19594 tatably supported on the carriage 1 by means of shafts 6 and 7 and is removable in a Well-known manner. Line spacing mechanisms are mounted at the two ends of the carriage 1 near shafts 6 and 7 and are generally designated by numerals 8 and 9 respectively. The line spacing mechanism 8 is adapted for both forward and backward indexing of cylinder 2 and is now toV be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 1-5.

The terms forward and backward are used in connection with the various elements of the device of the invention to designate movements resulting in forward and backward movement of the recording medium. Forward indexing of the cylinder 2 is thus defined as a movement of the cylinder 2 by which the recording medium is fed forward and a lower line space thereon is presented to a printing device.

As sho-wn in Figs. l, 2, 4, and 5, a ratchet wheel 10 is xedly mounted on shaft 6. A U-shaped control element' 1l, which is rotatably mounted on shaft 6 and which envelops part of wheel 10, is linked with a lever 13, pivotally mounted on a pin 12, by meansV of a pin engaging a recess 14 of lever 13, as best seen in Figs. 2 and 4. Pivoting movement of lever 13 causes control element 11 to rotate. The other end of lever 13 has a control rod 16 fastened thereto, the other end of the control rod being fastened to a lever 17 associated with the line spacing mechanism at the other end of the ca rriage (see Fig. 6).

A cam 20, shown in Fig. 2 to be mounted on a drive shaft 21 of the bookkeeping machine, causes reciprocating movement of a slide 22 which is transmitted to a lever 23 equipped with a pin 24. A ydrive element 27 is pivotally linked to a slide 25 which engages the control rod 16 by means of two lugs 26. Element 27 is pivotally movable to position its edge 28 in the path of pin 24, whereby the reciprocating movement of pin 24 is transmitted to control rod 16 when the edge 28 of drive element 27 abuts against the pin 24. The pivotal movement of drive element 27 is eected during transverse movement of the carriage by a dog 29 adjustably and removably mounted on carriage 1 and acting by means of intermediate links 30, 31, and 32, best seen in Figs. 2 and 3. The intermediate link 32 presses against a pin 33 mounted on drive element 27.

As shown in Figs. 5 and l, two U-shaped pawls 39 and 40 are pivotally fastened to a bolt 38 linking the two legs 36 and 37 of U-shaped Icontrol element 11. A spring 41 urges the center portions of pawls 39 and 40 into engagement with the ratchet wheel 10 which is rigidly mounted on shaft 6 between the legs of control element 11. The teeth on the rim of ratchet wheel 10 are of pointed shape for engagement with the center portions 42 and 43 of pawls 39 and 40, respectively. When control element 11 rotates clockwise, ratchet wheel 10 is entrained by engagement with pawl 40 to rotate in the same direction. When control element 11 rotates counterclockwise, ratchet wheel 10 is made to follow by pawl 39. The center portions 42, 43, of pawls 39, 40, when in engagement abut against the sides of the teeth of wheel 10.

As best seen in Figs. 4 and 5, two cam discs 44, 45, are journaled on shaft 6 on either side of control element 1I. Pins 47, 48, mounted on pawls 39,. 40, slidably engage the circumferences of discs 44 and 45, respectively. The disc 44 is equipped with an extension lug 49 for manual adjustment. A U-shaped control link 50 (Figs. 1, 5) is rotatably mounted on a pin 52 supported by a lever 51 and is provided with two pins 53, 54. Movement of link 50 is effected by a pin 56 rigidly mounted on carriage 1 and engaging recessV 55 in link 50. Control rods 57, S8, best seen in Fig. 5, but also in Fig. 2, are pivotally fastened to pins 54 andy 53 respectively of control link 50 and have their other ends pivotal-ly fastened to pins 59 and-60 of cam discs 44 and 45V respectively. Control link 50 is thus connected to cam discs 44 and 45 in such a manner that rotatory movement of control link 50 about shaft 34 of lever 51 and the coordinated rotation of control link 50 about the axis of pin 52 actuated by pin 56 causes rotation of cam discs 44 and 45 in opposite directions, each of the two cam discs being rotated through the same angle in an opposite direction.

A latch 63 is pivotally supported, near one of its ends, on the carriage 1, by means of bolt 62 (Figs. 1, 2). Latch 63 is provided with notches 64 near its other end. Notches 64' are urged into engagement with pin 59 of cam disc 44 by a spring 65.

An arresting lever 69 (shown in Fig. 2 and illustrated in more detail in Figs. 4, 5) is pivotally mounted on carriage 1 by means of shaft 68 and is equipped with a square-headed pin 70 for engagement with ratchet wheel 10 in a pawl-and-ratchet action under the pressure exerted by spring 71. Shaft 68, furthermore, pivotally supports a stopping lever 72 having a lug 73 which is pressed against shaft 6 by means of a spring 74 and is provided with a camming edge which cooperates with pin 47 of U-shaped pawl 39. When the stopping lever 72 is pivoted in a counterclockwise direction, pin 47 cooperates with the camming edge 35 of the stopping lever 72 for pivoting pawl 39 clockwise and out of engagement with ratchet wheel 10.

As seen in Fig. 2, angle levers S2, 83 are pivotally supported on carriage 1 by means of pin 75 and shaft 34, respectively. A connecting link 77 is rotatably mounted on supporting pin 138. Link 77 is connected with a corresponding link 76 (Fig. 6) on the other side of the carriage 1 by means of a rail 132. A lever 79 pivotally mounted on the frame of the bookkeeping machine, generally indicated by numeral 18, is pivoted by the interaction (best seen from Fig. 3) of a spring-biased intermediate lever 80 with dogs 81 removably and adjustably mounted on carriage 1. Pivotal movement of lever 79 is transmitted to connecting links 76 and 77 by means of rail 132. Connecting links 77 and the two angle levers 82 and 83 are linked operatively. When the connecting link 77 is rotated clockwise by means of lever 79, a pin 85 fastened to angle lever 82 and engaging a recess 84 of connecting link 77 transmits the movement of lever 79 to angle lever 82. Lever 82 is provided with a recess 86 cooperating with a pin 87 fixedly mounted on angle lever 83, which is thereby rotated clockwise. Angle lever 83 is pivotally linked to cam disc 88 by pin 90. Cam disc 88 is slidably supported on shaft 6 which is engaged by recess 89 of disc 88. When the angle lever 83 is rotated counterclockwise, cam disc 88 is displaced radially with respect to shaft 6 and the circular edge 91 of cam disc 88 releases pin 48 of pawl 40.

Line spacing mechanism 9 on the left side of carriage 1 is constructed similarly to line spacing device 8, but it is not equipped for backward indexing of cylinder 2. As shown in Fig. 6 and supplemented by details in Fig. 7, a ratchet wheel 92 and control element 93 are mounted on shaft 7. Pivotal movement of control rod 16 is transmitted by lever 17 which is fastened to the end of rod 16 to control element 93. Element 93 is equipped with but one pawl 94 which engages the ratchet wheel 92 when control element 93 is rotated counterclockwise, thus causing rotation of cylinder 2. A cam disc 96 is rotatably supported by shaft 7 and is equipped with an extension lug for manual adjustment. Pawl 94 carries a pin 97 which by means of spring 98 is urged into contact with the circumference of cam disc 96 and abuts against it when inoperative. A latch 99 is rotatably mounted on a pin 100 and is equiped with notches 101, -which are drawn into engagement with a pin 102 fastened to cam disc 96 by means of spring 106 whereby cam disc 96 is arrested in a predetermined position. An arresting lever 103 for arresting cylinder 2 and a stopping lever 104 are provided in anassesses.

logy with the corresponding elements 69 and 72 on the other side of carriage 1. A manually operated lever 105 which has two camming lugs is pivotally supported by pin 100 and carries two pins 109 and 111. When lever 105 is rotated counterclockwise, arresting lever 103 pivots clockwise because of the pressure exerted by pin 109 on the edge 110 of arresting lever 103. Lever 112 is simultaneously pivoted counterclockwise by pin 111 which engages slot 108 of lever 112. The end portion 113 of lever 112 is bent at a right angle and carries a pin 107 which cooperates with a camming surface 114- of a lever 115 (Fig. 8) for rotating movement thereof.

A pin 117 fastened to bracket 126, which appears in.

Figs. 6, 8, 9, 10, engages an elongated opening 116k of lever 115 whereby rotary movement of lever 112 causes displacement of rail 78 through the intervening lever 115 and bracket 126. A lever 118 (Figs. 9 and lO) pivotally mounted on carriage 1 has one arm 119 engaged between a stop 120 xedly mounted on rail 78 and a recess 121 in a pawl 122 rotatably mounted onrail 78. When the carriage 1 moves from a position within operative range of one portion of the cylinder 2 into the operative range of the other portion of cylinder 2, lever 118 is pivoted by a pin 123 xedly mounted on the frame 18 of the machine. The lever 118, by means of its camming flanks 124 and 125, engages the pin 123 and passes over it with the movement of carriage 1. Arm 119, being pivoted, causes rail 78 to move longitudinally. Brackets 126 and 127 are fastened to rail 78 and are adapted to abut against angle brackets 128, 129 of stopping levers 72 and 104, respectively, whereby the right stopping lever 72 is pivoted when rail 78 is in its right terminal position, and the left stopping lever 104 'is pivoted when rail 78 is in a left intermediate position. If rail 78 is in the left terminal position after actuating lever 105, the pawl 122 is pivoted counterclockwise out of the range of engagement with arm 119 of lever 118 by a stop 130 (Fig. which cooperates with a pin 131.

The aforedescribed line spacing device of the invention operates as follows:

' Let it be assumed that the two portions of cylinder 2 are iixedly coupled and that the line spacing device 9 has been manually disconnected by means of lever 105, pawl 94 having been disengaged from ratchet wheel 92 by rotation of stopping lever 104 in a counter-clockwise direction, so that b th portions of cylinder 2 are indexed by line spacing mechanism 8. Pawl 122 (Fig. l0) is held out of range of engagement with arm 119, so that pivoting movement of lever 118 caused by contact with pin 123 during the movement of the carriage 1 over its entire course is not translated into longitudinal movement of rail 78. Rail 78 is yin its left terminal position, in which the arresting elements of line spacing mechanism 8 are also disengaged.

It is desired to space items on a sheet of paper or other recording medium, as indicated in the above numerical example. The total of the first column is printed without requiring the use of more than one line. When the carriage advances to the second column, the dog 29 (Fig. 2), coordinated to the second column, engages the intermediate link 30, whereby drive element 27 is pivoted in a counter-clockwise direction by means of intermediate links 31 and 32. During the operating cycle, the movement of slide 22 caused by cam 20 is transmitted by means of slide 25, control rod 16 and lever 13 to the control element 11. Furthermore, a dog 81 (Figs. 2 and 3) corresponding to the column reaches engagement with intermediate lever 80, and cam disc 88 is moved radially towards shaft 6 by a linkage connecting the cam disc 88 with intermediate lever 80 and consisting of lever 79, rail 132, connecting link 77 and the two angle levers 82 and 83.

When, during the start of the operating cycle, the control element 11 is pivoted clockwise as described above,

thev pin 48 slides along the curved circumference of canil disc 45 (see Fig. 4), thus holding pawl 40 out of engagement with ratchet wheel 10 until the pin 48 reaches the straight inclined portion 137 of the cam. The setting of this inclined portion of pawl 40 determines the number of spaces between consecutive lines. This will be described more fully below. In the example illustrated in the drawings, cam discs 44 `and 45 are shown as being set for single line spacing. As the pin 48 slides along the inclined portion 137 of cam 4'5, the pawl 40 isy drawn clockwise into engagement lwith ratchet wheel 10 by the spring 41. As control element 11 continues in its rotary movement, ratchet wheel 10 is turned clockwise and the cylinder 2 carrying a sheet of paper or other recording medium is indexed backward by one line space. Squareheaded pin 70 on arresting lever 69 simultaneously travels over the teeth of ratchet'wheel 10 against the pressure exerted by spring 71, and arrests the wheel when the cylinder movement is completed.

When pawl 40 has caused indexing of the cylinder 2 through the predetermined number of line spaces, it is taken out of engagement with ratchet wheel 10 by a stop 134 abutting against pin 48. When control element 11 has completed its clockwise pivoting movement, it remains stationary as required by the shape of cam 20 (Fig. 20) until the calculated values have been printed. Then control element 11 starts its return movement in a counterclockwise direction. Pin 47 of pawl 39 slides along the curved surface of cam disc 44 until it reaches inclined portion 135 of the cam surface when pawl 39 is pivotedv counterclockwise by the force of spring 41 and is brought into engagement with ratchet Wheel 10, whereby the ratchet wheel 10, together with cylinder 2 and the recording medium fastened thereon is indexed forward by one line spacing. After the cylinder has been rotated according to the number of line spacings for which the mechanism is set, the pin 47 of pawl 39 engages the camming edge 35 of stopping lever 72, whereby pawl 39 is pivoted out of engagement with ratchet wheel 10 against the force of spring 41 and is returned to its starting position.

When the carriage moves to the third column, it is not necessary or desired to distribute the total over two lines.-

be indexed in each cycle by pivotal adjustment of exten-` sion lug 49 of cam disc 44 (Fig. 5). Cam disc 45 is simultaneously pivoted in the opposite direction by means.`

of linkages, so that the back indexing movement is set simultaneously. When cam disc 44 is turned manually, control link 50 is pivoted by means of control 57, whereby cam disc 45 is moved in a direction opposite to the rotation of cam disc 44 and by an identical angle of rotation by means of control rod 58. Latch 63 (Fig. 2), which engages pin 59 by its notches 64, arrests cam discs 44 and-45 in their selected positions, and the stroke of pawls 39 and 40 is adjusted thereby. Notches 64 are located to correspond to line spacings in multiple units. Notch O when engaged by pin 59 causes spacing by Zero lines, notch I by one line space, notches Il and III by two and three line spaces respectively.

If the bookkeeping operations are of such nature that back indexing of cylinder 2 is not required, dog 81 is removed. Rail 132 then is not acted upon by lever 79 and does not transmit movement to cam disc 88, which thus remains in its inactive position. Pawl 40, therefore, is not brought into engagement with ratchet wheel 10 during vthe indexing cycle.

Certain bookkeeping operations which are performed on machines with split cylinders 2 require entry and summation of items on the right half of the cylinder 2 involving forward and backward indexing of the cylinder, whereas the left half is moved in a single direction only. For

such4 operations, both line spacing mechanisms 8 and 9 are used. When operations are performed on a split cylinder, the left and right line spacing. mechanisms are operating alternatingly. The two portions of cylinder 2 are disconnected from each other by moving coupling rod 4 in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 1). Lever 105 is turned clockwise, so that arresting lever 103 is permitted to engage ratchet wheel under the pressure exerted by spring 133 (Figs. 6, 7), whereby the left part of the cylinder 2 is arrested independently of the right part. At the same time, rail 73, which until now had been held in its left terminal position by abutment of pin 109 against lever 115, is released and is moved to the right until pawl 122 is released by stop 130. Before an entry is made on a recording medium held on the left half of cylinder 2, lever 11S passes over pin 123 with its camming flank 125 during the return movement of the carriage 1. Lever 118 is thereby pivoted counterclockwise. Arm 119 of lever 118 is positioned in recess 121 of the pawl 122 in the inactive position thereof and therefore moves rail 78 into its right terminal position. Stopping lever 72 is then pivoted by pivot 127 and keeps pawl 39 out of engagement with ratchet wheel 10. Line spacing.

device 9 is then ready to operate, since the pin 97 of pawl 94 abuts against cam disc 96 when stopping lever 104 is released by bracket 126.

When the line spacing cycle is initiated by dog 29, only mechanism 9 will operate and will feed the record ing medium held on the left portion of cylinder 2 in theV forward direction by the number of line spaces for which the mechanism is set, whereas the right-hand mechanism 8 stands idle, so that the recording medium held on the right-hand portion of cylinder 2 stands still. When the carriage moves into the operative range of the right portion of cylinder 2, camming ank 124 of lever 118V engages pin 123 and causes rail 78 to shift into an intermediate left position, whereby line spacing mechanism 9 is deactivated. When bookkeeping operations are performed with split cylinders 2, the movement of carriage 1 from one position. to another position thus automatically controls the operation of the two line spacing devices 8 and 9.

It is well known to those skilled in the art to connect or synchronize printing or other recording mechanisms, such as are commonly employed in business machines, with the movement of a carriage supporting the recording medium. It is apparent, therefore, that the device of the invention provides means for synchronizing the indexing movement of the recording medium with the printing operation.

It is sometimes desired to index the cylinder 2 through a different number of line spaces in the forward direction than in the backward direction. Line spacing mechanism 8 can be adapted for such operation by elimination of the linkage formed by control rods S7, 58, control link 50 and lever 51'. In this case, cam disc 45 has to be provided with an extension lug similar to lug 49 on cam disc 44, andwith an arresting device analogous to that of cam disc 44 which consists of latch 63, spring 65, and pin 59.

It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing disclosure relates to only a preferred embodiment of the invention and that it is intended to cover all changes and modifications ofV the example of the invention herein chosen for the purpose of the disclosure, which do not constitute departures from the spirit and the scope of the invention set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a business machine having a cylinder adapted to support a recording medium for printing thereon in a printing operation, said cylinder being rotatable for indexing said medium; a line spacing device comprising ratchet means operatively connected to said cylinder, and first and second pawl means for selectively indexing said ratchet means in a forward and backward direction respectively, and means for synchronizing the indexing action of said pawl means on said ratchet means with said printing operation, whereby said cylinder is adapted to be indexed backward prior to said printing operation, and to be indexed forward after said printing operation.

2. A device as set forth in claim 1, including means for individually adjusting the stroke of. said first and sccond pawl. means, whereby said cylinder is adapted to be controllably indexed backward and forward.

3. A device as set forth in claim 1, including means for selectively and individually deactivating said first and second pawl means, whereby forward and. backward indexing movement respectively may be selectively eliminated.A

4. In. a business machine having a cylinder split transvers'ely to the longitudinal axis thereof, each portion of said cylinder being adapted to support a recording rnedium for printing thereon in a printing operation, said cylinder being rotatable for indexing said medium, said portions being connectable for joint rotary movement;

" a line spacing device comprising first ratchet means operatively connected to a first portion of said cylinder, first and second pawl means for selectively indexing said iirst ratchet means in a forward and backward direction, respectively, second ratchet means operatively connected to a second portion of said cylinder, third pawl means for indexing said second ratchet means in a forward di rection, and means for connecting and synchronizing said rst, second, and third pawl means, whereby said first and said second cylinder portions are alternatingly indexed for printing thereon.

5. A device as set forth in claim 4, including means for adjusting the stroke of said first, second, and third pawl means.

6. A device as set forth in claim 4, including means for selectively and individually deactivating said first and second pawl means.

7. A device as set forth in claim 4, including means for selectively deactivating said third pawl means.

References Cited in the filey of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS'

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