US2886015A - Fuel injection arrangement - Google Patents

Fuel injection arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
US2886015A
US2886015A US692849A US69284957A US2886015A US 2886015 A US2886015 A US 2886015A US 692849 A US692849 A US 692849A US 69284957 A US69284957 A US 69284957A US 2886015 A US2886015 A US 2886015A
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United States
Prior art keywords
voltage
transistor
time delay
switch
capacitor
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Expired - Lifetime
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US692849A
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English (en)
Inventor
Steinke Leo
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type

Definitions

  • the power branch being in circuit with the source of electrical energy and with the valve means; voltage supplying means for impressing across the control branch at a predetermined instant during a cycle of operation of the engine a voltage greater than the minimum voltage, the voltage supplying means being so constructed and arranged that the duration of the impression of voltage is shorter than the time interval throughout which the valve means is to be maintained in its open position; and a resistor-capacitor timedelay circuit connected across the control branch and adapted to be charged by the voltage supplying means during the impression of voltage across the control branch to a voltage greater than the minimum voltage for maintaining the voltage across the control branch above the minimum voltage for a predetermined time interval following the cessation of the impression of voltage by the voltage supplying means.
  • the present invention mainly consists in a fuel injection arrangement for an internal combustion engine which comprises valve means i forcontrolling the flow of fuelto theengine and means I which are operatively associated 'withthe engine and with 'the valve means for opening the latter at a predetermined instantduring a cycle of operation of the engine and for closing the valve means after the elapse ofta time interval 3 'the duration of which is predeterminable independently of the instant at which the valve means are opened.
  • the preeent invention comprises electricallyoperated'valverneansfor controlling the flow of fuel to the engine the construction of the valve jmeans 'beingsuch thatwhen itisunenergized it occupies its :1 closed position' an d that when his energizedrit occupies its open position; a source of electrical energy; an electron the control branch is electrically biased above a predeembodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuelinjection arrangement according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a voltage-time graph illustrating the operation of the circuit shown in Fig. 1. l
  • a fuel injection arrangement which incorporates an electrically operated valve V.
  • the latter controls the flow of fuel from a supply conduitL to a connecting conduit 0 which communicates withthe internal combusion engine (not shown).
  • the valve is of the electro-magnetic type and includes a winding M which attracts a valve plunger P.
  • the latter is continuously urged downwardly, as viewedin Fig. l, to its closed position by a suitable bias spring (not' shown) but is raised to its open position upon energization of the coil M.
  • the valve V is one which when une'nergized occupies its closed position and when energized occupies its open position.
  • the winding M is connected in circuit with the collector Kjand the emitter E of a transistor T,;as well as with a source of electrical energy G, the latter normally being the battery or other D.C. source which is usually associated with an internal combustion engine.
  • the base of the transistor is indicated at B, the connection of the transistor being of the common-emitter type so thatjthe collector-emitter circuit constitutes thepower branch of the transistor and the base emitter the control branch.
  • the transistor is an electron flow control device which is conductivejonly when a certain minimum electrical bias is impressed across the control, branch. This means that electrons may flow through the power branch of the transistor only when a voltage greater than the required minimumvoltage is impressed across the control branch.
  • the transistor may be a 2N 173.
  • j n j j The base B of the transistor T is connected to the sourceof electrical energyG by way of a time delay switch D and an additional switch S.
  • the latter has a stationary contact b and a movable contact a whichijcan be moved to closed position by a rotating cam N which n i is suitably coupled to the crankshaft of the engine (not shown) so that the switch S is periodically actuated by and operates in synchronism with the engine.
  • theswitch S will, during successive cyclespf .operation of the engine, always be closed at thesame preter is such that when the switch S is closed, the winding is energized by the source G and the switch D opened.
  • the "switch D is so constructed andarranged that there is a 'briefdelay between the instant the winding W is energized and the instant that the arm e is actually moved out ofengagernent with the stationary contact d. This time delay, the significance of which will be described below, is of the order of several milliseconds.
  • a resistor-capacitor time delay circuit Z is connected across the control branch of the transistor, -i.e., across the base B and the emitter E.
  • the time delay circuit includes a capacitor C, a variable charging re- 'sistor-R ,and a variable discharge resistor R.
  • the cam N closes the switch at the start of the work "stroke of the engine.
  • the control branch of 'the transistor T, the time delay circuit Z, and the winding W of the time delay switch D are connected across the'source G, and this causes the following:
  • the capacitor C will commence to discharge by way of a parallel circuit one branch of which is constituted by the resistor R and the other branch of' which is constituted by the series "circuit formed by the resistor R and the emitter-to-base resistance of the transistor (the resistor R being of no consequence).
  • the capacitor has discharged to a point at which U is less than the voltage required to'render the transistor conductive, no further current can flow through the winding M and the valve V assumes 'its closed position.
  • the valve will have remained open for a certain predetermined interval following the initial closing of the switch S, it being apparent that the length of this interval can be regulated by varying the resistances of the resistors R and/or R
  • Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of the voltage-time relationships between the various circuit components, it being assumed that the effect of the resistor R is negligible.
  • the solid horizontal line t represents the time during which the switch S is closed, and it will be seen that the initial closure of this switch occurs at the instant t the exact time at which the switch thereafter opens under the influence of the cam N being of no particular interest, suifice it to say that the switch remains closed throughout a fraction of each cycle of operation but for a period not less than the brief time interval required for the switch D to open after energization of the winding W.
  • the time during which the switch D is closed is represented by the solid horizontal line 13
  • This switch which will, during the previous cycle, have assumed its closed position as-soon as the cam N permits the switch S to open-is still closed at the instant t and will not, due to its inherent time delay indicated by the bracket 1 open until the instant t
  • the time delay will be approximately 5 milliseconds, and during this time interval t the voltage U i.e., the voltage impressed across thecontrol branch of the transistor, is equal to the voltage U which is the voltage of the source G and is of the order of 12 volts.
  • the capacitor C will be charged by the source G, and the voltage U across the capacitor will increase substantially linearly, as indicated by the dotted line 7']:-
  • the capacitance of the capacitor C being microfarads and. the resistance of the resistor R being 50 ohms
  • the resistor-capacitor circuit R C has a charging time constant of 5 milliseconds and the capacitor will, during the time interval t;,, be charged to a voltage U
  • the time delay switch D at the-instant t the control branch of the transistor as well as the time delay circuit Z are disconnected from the source G, and the only voltage whichappears across the control branch is the voltage U across the capacitor.
  • the total time during which the valve V is open is the time interval indicated by the bracket t
  • the time interval during which the valve remains open may be increased by decreasing the resistance of resistor R This decreases the charging time constant as indicated by theline 1- the slope of which is steeper than that of line TI- Inasmuch as the charging time of the capacitor remains constant, this factor being determined solely by the inherent time delay of the time delay switch D, the voltage to which the capacitor will be charged is increased so that at the instant t the voltage U is equal to U which is .higher than U With the discharge time constant r yremaining unchanged, the voltage U will not'drop toU until t so that the valve V is retained in its open'position for a period of time longer than before.
  • the time interval during which the valve remains open may be increased'by-"in' creasing the resistance of the resistor R Thisincreases the discharge time constant as indicated by line 1- so that the voltage .U,, will not drop to U until t
  • the time interval throughout which the valve V remains open subsequent to theclosing of the switch S
  • the amount of fuel supplied into the engine may be regulated within very wide limits independently of the instant at which fuel injection commences.
  • the time regulation may be accomplished automatically by providing a device for periodically short-circuiting the capacitor C, or for periodically connecting an additional resistor R across the capacitor, thereby decreasing the discharge time thereof.
  • a device for periodically short-circuiting the capacitor C, or for periodically connecting an additional resistor R across the capacitor, thereby decreasing the discharge time thereof.
  • Such a device includes a periodically-actuated switch Q which is also operated in synchronism with the engine and which may, if desired, be operated at a frequency which is a multiple of the frequency at which the switch S is operated.
  • valve means for controlling the flow of fuel to the internal combustion engine, said valve. means when unenergized occupying its closed position and when energized occupying its open position; a source of electrical energy; an electron flow control device having a control branch and a power branch through which electrons may flow only when said control branch is electrically biased above a predetermined. minimum voltage, said power branch being in circuit with said source of electrical energy and with said valve means; a resistor-capacitor time delay, circuit connected across said control branch;
  • valve means when unenergized occupying its closed position and when energized occupying its open position; a source of electrical energy; an electron flow control device having a control branch and a power branch through which electrons may flow only when said control branch is electrically biased above a predetermined minimum bias, said power branch being in circuit with said source of electrical energy and with said valve means; biasing means for impressing across said control branch at a predetermined instant during a cycle of operation of the engine a bias greater than said minimum bias, said biasing means being so constructed and arranged that the duration of the impression of bias is shorter than the time interval throughout which said valve means is to be maintained in its open position; and a resistor-capacitor time delay circuit connected across minimum voltage, said last-mentioned means being so constructed and arranged that the duration of the impression of voltage is shorter than the time interval throughout which said valve means is to be maintained in its open position, whereby said time delay
  • valve means for controlling the flow of fuel to the internal combustion engine, said valve means when unenergized occupying its closed position and when energized occupying its open position; a source of electrical energy; a transistor having a control branch and a power branch,
  • a voltage greater than that which is required to render said transistor conductive said voltage supplying means being so constructed and arranged that the duration of the impression of voltage is shorter than the time interval throughout which, in said cycle, said valve means is to be I assaois maintained in its open position; and , a resistor-capacitor time delay circuit connected across said control branch of said transistor and adapted to be charged by said voltagesupplying means, while the latter impresses a voltage across said control branch, to a voltage greater than said voltage which is required to render said transistor conductive, whereby said transistor remains conductive for a predetermined time interval following the cessation of the impression of voltage by said voltage supplying means and said valve means is maintained in its open position until the charge on said time delay circuit has dropped to a value at which the voltage across said control branch is below said voltage which is required to render said transistor conductive.
  • time delay circuit includes a resistor and a capacitor in Series-circuit connection.
  • time delay circuit includes a resistor and a capacitor in parallel-circuit connection.
  • said time delay circuit includes a capacitor, a first resistor in series-circuit connection with said capacitor, and a second resistor in parallel-circuit connection with said capacitor.
  • said time delay circuit includes means connected across the capacitor for periodically short-circuiting the same, whereby the discharge time of said time delay means, and
  • said time delay circuit includes means connected across the capacitor for periodically connecting an additional resistor thereacross, whereby the discharge time of said time delay means, and consequently the time interval during which said valve means is maintained in its open position, is diminished.
  • said voltage supplying means include a time delay switch connected in circuit with the parallel circuit constituted by said control branch of said transistor and said resistorcapacitor time delay circuit, said time delay switch being normally closed and having an electrically energizable actuator, said time delay switch being so constructed and arranged that when said actuator thereof is energized,
  • said voltage supplying means further including an additional switch which is connected in circuit with the series-parallel circuit constituted by said control branch of said transistor, said time delay circuit and said time delay switch and which is also connected in circuit with said actuator of said time delay switch for electrically connecting said series-parallel circuit as well as said actuator of said time delay switch, at said predetermined instant during a cycle of operation of the engine, to a source of electrical energy, whereby said seri s-pa a l c uit is e ect i y conne e to the so of le ical ener y or the d r ti of s i P determined time interval of said time delay switch.
  • said voltage supplying means include a timedelay switch connected in circuit with the parallel circuit constituted by said control branch of said transistor and said resistorcapacitor time delay circuit, said time delay switch being normally closed and having an electrically energizable actuator, said time delay switch being so constructed and arranged that when said actuator thereof is energized, said switch assumes its open position a predetermined time interval thereof, said voltage supplying means further including an additional switch which is connected in circuit with the series-parallel circuit constituted by said control branch of said transistor, said time delay circuit and said time delay switch and which is also connected in circuit with said actuator of said time delay switch for electrically connecting said series-parallel circuit as well as said actuator of said time delay switch, at said predetermined instant during a cycle of operation of the engine, to said source of electrical energy, whereby said series-parallel circuit is electrically connected to said source of electrical energy for the duration of said predetermined time interval of said time delay switch.
  • an electrically operated valve means for controlling the flow of fuel to the internal combustion engine, said valve means when unenergized occupying its closed position and when energized occupying its open position; a source of electrical energy; a transistor having a base, an emitter and a collector, said emitter and collector being in circuit with said source of electrical energy and with said valve means; voltage supplying means operatively associated with the engine and in circuit with said base and emitter of said transistor for impressing thereacross, at a predetermined instant during a cycle of operation of the engine, a voltage greater than that which is required to render said transistor conductive; and a resistor-capacitor time delay circuit connected across said base and emitter of said transistor and adapted to be charged by said voltage supplying means, while the latter impresses a voltage across said base and emitter, to a voltage greater than said voltage which .is required to render said transistor conductive, whereby said transistor remains conductive for a predetermined time interval fol- References

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
US692849A 1956-10-26 1957-10-28 Fuel injection arrangement Expired - Lifetime US2886015A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB42272A DE1109952B (de) 1956-10-26 1956-10-26 Einspritzanlage fuer Brennkraftmaschinen

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DE (1) DE1109952B (de)
FR (1) FR1185289A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1126677B (de) * 1960-01-08 1962-03-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritzanlage fuer Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen
FR2032021A5 (de) * 1969-02-14 1970-11-20 Brev Etudes Sibe
US3620196A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-11-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for applying fuel injection corrections as a function of speed, in internal combustion engines
US3654905A (en) * 1968-10-23 1972-04-11 Sibe Improvements in or relating to feed devices for internal combustion engines
US3682144A (en) * 1969-04-02 1972-08-08 Hitachi Ltd Control device for fuel supply in internal combustion engines
US3707950A (en) * 1968-10-25 1973-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electronic control system for internal combustion engines
US3724430A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-04-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection regulator for internal combustion engines
US3750631A (en) * 1970-07-11 1973-08-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system controlled by the amount of air drawn in during the suction stroke
US3756204A (en) * 1969-06-16 1973-09-04 Hitachi Ltd Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3824967A (en) * 1972-10-30 1974-07-23 Gen Motors Corp Electronic fuel injection system
US3858391A (en) * 1973-08-27 1975-01-07 Gen Motors Corp Gas turbine starting circuit
US3880125A (en) * 1972-09-21 1975-04-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system for internal combustion engine
US4350132A (en) * 1978-08-11 1982-09-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for driving electromagnetic devices, particularly electromagnetic injection valves in internal combustion engines

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807244A (en) * 1956-10-10 1957-09-24 Bendix Aviat Corp Cold start overspeed control for fuel injection system
US2815009A (en) * 1956-09-19 1957-12-03 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel injection control system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2018159A (en) * 1934-06-20 1935-10-22 Walker Brooks Electrical fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
DE727707C (de) * 1937-09-18 1942-11-10 Der Kohlenwertstoff Verbaende Verfahren zur Erzielung einer drehzahlunabhaengigen OEffnungszeit bei elektromagnetisch betaetigten Treibstoff-Einspritzventilen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2815009A (en) * 1956-09-19 1957-12-03 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel injection control system
US2807244A (en) * 1956-10-10 1957-09-24 Bendix Aviat Corp Cold start overspeed control for fuel injection system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1126677B (de) * 1960-01-08 1962-03-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Einspritzanlage fuer Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen
US3654905A (en) * 1968-10-23 1972-04-11 Sibe Improvements in or relating to feed devices for internal combustion engines
US3707950A (en) * 1968-10-25 1973-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electronic control system for internal combustion engines
FR2032021A5 (de) * 1969-02-14 1970-11-20 Brev Etudes Sibe
US3682144A (en) * 1969-04-02 1972-08-08 Hitachi Ltd Control device for fuel supply in internal combustion engines
US3756204A (en) * 1969-06-16 1973-09-04 Hitachi Ltd Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3620196A (en) * 1969-09-04 1971-11-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for applying fuel injection corrections as a function of speed, in internal combustion engines
US3724430A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-04-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection regulator for internal combustion engines
US3750631A (en) * 1970-07-11 1973-08-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system controlled by the amount of air drawn in during the suction stroke
US3880125A (en) * 1972-09-21 1975-04-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection system for internal combustion engine
US3824967A (en) * 1972-10-30 1974-07-23 Gen Motors Corp Electronic fuel injection system
US3858391A (en) * 1973-08-27 1975-01-07 Gen Motors Corp Gas turbine starting circuit
US4350132A (en) * 1978-08-11 1982-09-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for driving electromagnetic devices, particularly electromagnetic injection valves in internal combustion engines

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Publication number Publication date
FR1185289A (fr) 1959-07-31
DE1109952B (de) 1961-06-29

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