US2879323A - Electrical insulating cement - Google Patents

Electrical insulating cement Download PDF

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Publication number
US2879323A
US2879323A US473696A US47369654A US2879323A US 2879323 A US2879323 A US 2879323A US 473696 A US473696 A US 473696A US 47369654 A US47369654 A US 47369654A US 2879323 A US2879323 A US 2879323A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cement
porcelain
dielectric constant
ceramic
resins
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US473696A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frank S Nichols
Jr Sidney R Smith
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US473696A priority Critical patent/US2879323A/en
Priority to CH362133D priority patent/CH362133A/de
Priority to GB34989/55A priority patent/GB818038A/en
Priority to JP3177355A priority patent/JPS336391B1/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2879323A publication Critical patent/US2879323A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D167/06—Unsaturated polyesters having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/002—Inhomogeneous material in general
    • H01B3/006—Other inhomogeneous material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cement materials.
  • the invention relates to a synthetic resin cement serving as an electrical insulating bond between ceramic, especially porcelain, insulator mem-bers ⁇ they are usually made of ceramic materials such as porcelain, or, less frequently, from certain types of glass. These materials are practically the only ones which in the course of many years of service have been demonstarted to combine good insulating properties with the required resistance to prolonged exposure to weathering 'under high voltage stress. Certain plastics and synthetic 'resins have been found to be excellent insulating materials' and to withstand long exposure to atmospheric conditions.l However, under the combined effect of weather ,and high voltage stress they are subject to tracking'the formation of a conducting carbon path which lquickly results in failure of the insulator.
  • the porcelain is requiredv to lic structure such as mounting brackets or tanks.
  • a problem'which'has'always been present in mounting the insulator is the proper attachment of the insulator to such ⁇ metal parts, since it is not usually practical to cast in Ythese or other metal parts for their attachment during manufacture of the porcelain. It is the usuall practice to vsecure the metal parts to the porcelain insulator by means of a cement, which is used either to bond the metal part inserted in a recess in the porcelain'or to bond a projection on the porcelain which extends into a opening in the metal part.
  • fBonding materials which have been commonly used heretofore for this purpose include sulfur cement, Portland cement and solders formed' of metal alloys, 'but these cement is subject to excessive shrinkage often necessitating more than one filling, and is highly corrosive to many metals, the fumes evolved during handling tending to corrode silver contacts in its vicinity.
  • Portland cement it poorly adapted for high speed insulator mounting processes.
  • Metal solder alloys are generally expensive and because of their high melting point the application of such alloys inmolten state-to the porcelain subjects the porcelain to excessive thermal shock. Also, they have no electrical insulating properties.
  • It is another object of the present invention to provide an insulator structure comprising a ceramic especially porcelain to metal joint wherein the bonding material is characterized by ease of handling, rapidity of hardening, low application temperature, relatively low shrinkage on hardening, non-corrosion of metals, high mechanical strength, good resistance to weathering, and high resistance to arcing and tracking.
  • a further object of the present invention is the provision of a composite insulating structure of the above type consisting of the ceramic insulator and cement wherein the cement material has a dielectric constant at least as high as the ceramic insulating material which it bonds to the metal hardware.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of an electrical structure having the cement and ceramic of the composite insulation arranged in series between electrical conductors bonded thereto.
  • an insulating structure which comprises a ceramic body, a metallic body and a cement material rmly bonding the ceramic and metallic bodies together, the cement having a dielectric constant at least equal to the dielectric constant of the ceramic body and comprising a reactive polymerizable synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and epoxy resins, an inorganic filler, and a polymerizing agent for polymerization of the synthetic resin.
  • 100% reactive polymerizable synthetic resin as used herein is intended to cover compositions of matter which are polymerizable materials substantially free of inert, volatile solvents and which by the incorporation of a suitable polymerizing agent may be caused to polymerize to form substantially infusible and insoluble materials without the necessity of taking up oxygen from the air and without forming volatile products.
  • the expression polymerizing agent as used herein is intended to cover a catalyst or a crosslinking reactant which participates in the reaction bringing about polymerization of the polymerizable materials, examples of such catalysts and reactants being given below.
  • polyester resins as used herein is intended to denote synthetic resins produced by polymerization of polybasic acids with polyhydric alcohols, either or both the acids and alcohols being unsaturated, with co-polymerization of an admixed vinyl monomeric compound.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an enclosed type cutout embodying a cement in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a suspension insulator utilizingthe present cement.
  • FIG. l there is shown an enclosed type electrical cutout of known construction, the cutout having a housing 1 made Aof porcelain or the like in which combination terminal clamp and contact devices 2, 2' are mounted by metal brackets 3,' 3 cemented to housing 1.
  • the terminals of the power line in which the fuse is in circuit are connected to the opposite terminals of the fuse assembly 5 by means of the clamp and contact devices 2,2.
  • Brackets 3, 3' are secured to porcelain housing 1 by means of cement joints '4, 4a, the composition of which is a feature of the present invention and which is more fully described fbelow.
  • the door 7 of the cutout carries the fuse as-r sembly 5, and in the embodiment shown is mounted for turning about trunnion structure 8 secured to the cutout housing 1 by cement joint 4b.
  • Mounting bracket 6 which'attaches cutout housing 1 to a pole or similar support is likewise secured to housing 1 by a cement joint 4c of similar composition.
  • the metallic parts which are joined to the porcelain Iby the present cement composition are usually made of galvanized steel, but it is to be understood that any other electrically conductive metals could be effectively bonded to ceramic insulation by the present cement material.
  • the type of fusey illustrated is commonly designed to produce a gas when the fuse is blown for extinguishing the yresulting arc, and the expulsion of the gas from the fuse tube exerts a thrust on the latch mechanism associated with ⁇ the upper terminal device 2', which in turn exerts ⁇ a force o n the cement joint 4ay of the upper bracket 3.
  • the same thrust force may also be exerted on the lower cement joint 4b through the trunnion structure.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a type of known suspension insulator device which may include stacked interconnected insulating members arranged with adjacent memberszlinked together by aconnecting pin 10.
  • the enlarged end of pin 10 ts into and thereby holds in suspension a cap 11 made of steel or the like into which fits a projecting portion of a glazed porcelain insulating member'12, cap 11, and insulating member 12 being joined by a cement bond 13 having a composition in accordance withlthe present invention.
  • the porcelain insulator member 12 in turn carries suspension link 14 by means of a cement joint 13a also corresponding to the present composition, the
  • the cement and porcelain serve as dielectric media arranged in series between two conductors, e.g., in the Fig. l cutout, the power line terminalsV and the cutout mounting bracket, across which there is a high voltage.
  • the voltage stress between the conductors distributes itself in inverse proportion to the dielectric constants of the two dielectrics, that is, the voltage stress is concentrated on the dielectric having the lower dielectric constant.
  • Suitable for use in the invention includes the polyester4 resins which are formed from a mixture of an unsaturated alkyd resin and a vinyll monomer:
  • the unsaturated alkyd resins are the reaction products of polyhydric alcohols, mixtures of polyhydric alcohols, or mixtures of polyhydric and monohydric alcohols, and one or more polycarboxylic acids, either the alcohols or the acids or 'both being unsaturated.
  • Examples of suchl polyhydric alcohols are ethylene glycol, diand triethylene glycols, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, pentamethylene glycol, glycerine or pentaerythritol in combination with a monohydric alcohol.
  • Examples of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids are maleic, fumarie, and itaconic acids.
  • Anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids may also be employed.
  • the term polycarboxylic acid as used herein is intended to includeI within its meaning the anhydrides of such acids.
  • saturated polycarboxylic acids may also be present in the reaction mixture in the preparation of the resins referred to above. Examples of such saturated polycarboxylic acids are succinic, adipic, sebacic, and phthalic acids.
  • vinyl monomers used in accordance with the invention to form the polyester resin cement have proved particularly suitable.
  • examples of other'vinyl monomers which may be used include esters of unsaturated monohydric alcohols and carboxylic acids, including unsaturated carboxylic acids, halogenatedv ⁇ aromatic carboxylic acids and inorganic acids.
  • Examples of- ⁇ such substances are diallyl phthalate, diallyl succinate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate, diallyl chlorophthalates, triallyl phosphate, and vinyl acetate.
  • esters 4of monohydric alcohols and unsaturated carboxylic acids which are capable of copolymerizing with unsaturated alkyd resins, such as, for example, dioctyl itaconate, dibenzyl itaconate, diethyl fumarate, dibenzyl fumarate, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.
  • a suitable commercial polyester resin is Laminac 4128, which is a styrene-unsaturated alkyd resin manufactured by the American Cyanamid Company.
  • polyester resins may be cured to an infusible state by means of heat alone, eg., at temperatures of -150 C.
  • a small amount of catalyst is preferably added to the polyester resin mixture to facilitate polymerization.
  • the substances whichymay be used as catalysts for this purpose are inorganic super oxides such as barium peroxide and sodium-peroxides; aliphatic peroxides such as acetyl peroxide, lauroylfperoxide, stearoyl peroxide and the like; aromatic acid peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide; and other mixed organic peroxides such as acetyl benzoyl peroxide and'ketone peroxides such as acetone peroxide and triacetone peroxide.
  • a particularly suitable catalyst composition which is commercially available is a benzoyl peroxide suspension in tricresyl phosphate.
  • epoxy resins may be used, these resins being condensation products of polyhydroxy compounds, such as polyhydric phenols and polyhydric alcohol, and epichlorhydrin.
  • polyhydroxy compounds which may be used as glycerol, diphenylol propane, and the mixed poly (hydroxyl phenyl) pentadecanes derived from cashew nuts.
  • An example of a suitable epoxy resin,y is Araldite CNSOZ of the Ciba Company, which is the condensation product of epichlorhydrin clom-oH-CH and 2,2'lbis phenylol propane 'l @Ht
  • the polymerizing agent employed is a cross-linking reactant, examples of which are polyamines, eg., diethylcne triamine, or dibasic anhydrides, e.g., phthalic anhydride.
  • the inorganic filler may, if desired, contain a finely divided mineral substance such as ground silica, talc, clay, or mica, forthepurpose of controlling the viscosity of the cement, which is of particular advantage in proper application of the cement to the bodies to be bonded, and for imparting mechanical strength to the final joint struc ture.
  • a finely divided mineral substance such as ground silica, talc, clay, or mica
  • the amounts of ingredients as set forth herein are weighed out accurately, particular attention being paid to the amount of polymerization catalyst used.
  • the resin material is first added to a mixer, the polymerizing agent then added and dissolved before addition of the inorganic fillers. Thoroughmixing is then carried out to ensure ease of ow of the mixture. Ordinarily 30 minutes of mixing are necessary to obtain good flow. It is desirable for the mixer apparatus to be equipped with a cold water jacket to dissipate the heat generated in mixing.
  • the cement made as described using the polyester resins cures hard in about 2 minutes at 125 C. If treated at 110 C., the cure is somewhat slower. Therefore, the cement isA preferably heated as rapidly as possible to 115 to 135 C.
  • The' cement may be applied to the parts to be bonded at room temperature and the assembly heated to the required temperature. The time required to do thisl depends on the parts to be bonded andthe method of heating.
  • the porcelain maybeA preheated to between 110 C. and 135 C. and
  • the cement is then applied tothe hot porcelain, the Aresidual heat of the porcelain being suicient to harden thecement. In some cases, it may be more convenient or otherwise desirable to preheat the hardware.
  • the curingtime and temperayture ofthe epoxy resins depend on the particular crosslinking reactant-used.
  • a polyamine cross- -linking reactant would permit the curing of epoxy resins at room temperature, whereas the use of dibasic anhy- 6 drides as cross-linking reactants would require cures at higher temperatures, e.g., at 150 C. for 6 hours.
  • the catalyst used for the polyester resin is present in the range of 0.255% by weight of the polyester resin and the amount of cross-linking reactant for the epoxy resin is about 5-45% by weight of the epoxy resin.
  • the silica or other mineral substance used for viscosity control may vary between 5-50% of the total ycement composition.
  • a cement of the above composition has been exposed tor weather under voltage stress for almost three years without visible deterioration. Flashover experiments on cutouts utilizing the above type of cement showed no carbonization of the cement nor fall of ashover voltage on subsequent flashes.
  • the above cement when cured has properties similar to those of the cement of Example I, but flow of the uncured material is considerably greater.
  • Example III Percent styrene-unsaturated alkyd resin mixture 18.5 Ground' silica 40.5 Titanium dioxide 40.5 Benzoyl peroxide 0.5
  • the above cement composition has the following properties: i
  • Example IV Percent vstyrene-unsaturated alkyd resin mixture 23.8 Sand c, 38.0 Alumina (impure) 38.0 Benzoyl peroxide 0.2
  • impure alumina referred to above has the following approximate composition in parts by weight, and in this connection it is to be understood that the expression impure alumina as used in the claims is construed as lhaving this composition:
  • An impure alumina of the above type known as R20 Insulatng Powder is manufactured by the Aluminum Company of America.
  • the above cement composition has the following properties:
  • the above cement composition has the following properties:
  • a ceramic to metal joint structure comprising a ceramic body; a metallic body; and a cement material rmly bonding said bodies together, said cement material having a dielectric constant at least equal to that of said ceramic body and being formed from a 100% reactive polymerizable synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and epoxy resins, a polymerizing agent for polymerization of said synthetic resin, andan inorganic iller material having a dielectric constant of at least 30.
  • a ceramic to metal joint structure comprising a v porcelain body; a metallic body, and an electrical insulating cement material firmly bonding said bodies together, said cement material having a dielectric constant at least equal to the dielectric constant of said porcelain body and 4being formed from a 100% reactive polymerizable synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and epoxy resins, a polymerizing agent for polymerization of said synthetic resin, and an inorganic ller material including an inorganic substance having a dielectric constant of at least 30 and a"finely divided mineral substance for controlling the viscosity of the cement composition, said inorganic substance being'selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, titanates of the alkaline earth elements,and impure alumina which consists essentially of oxides-'of aluminum, iron, silicon, titanium, calcium and sodium.
  • a ceramic to metal joint .structure comprising a porcelain body; a metallic body; and an electrical insulating cement material firmly bonding said bodies together, said cement material having a dielectric constant at least equal to the dielectric constant of said porcelain body and being formed from a reactive polymerizable synthetic resin comprising a styrene-unsaturated alkyd polyester resin, a polymerizing catalyst for polymerization of said synthetic resin, and an inorganic 'ller material including an inorganic 'substance having a .dielectric constant of atleast 30 and a finely divided 'mineral substance for controlling the viscosity of the cement composition, said inorganic substance being selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, titanates of the alkaline earth elements, and impure alumina which consists essentially of oxides of aluminum, iron, silicon, titanium, calcium and sodium.
  • a ceramic to metal joint structure comprising a porcelain body; a metallic body; and an electrical insulating cement material firmly bonding said bodies together, Vsaid cement material having a dielectric constant at least equal to the dielectric constant of said porcelain body and being formed from a 100% rective polymerizable synthetic resin comprising an epoxy resin obtained as the reaction product of epichlorhydrin and 2.2' ybis phenylol propane, a cross-linking reactant for polymerizing said epoxy resin, and an inorganic ller material including an inorganic substance having a dielectric constant of at least 30 and a finely divided mineral substance for controlling the viscosity of the cement composition.
  • An electrical structure comprising a plurality of electricalconducting members, a porcelain body, and an insulating cement material firmly bonding said electrical conducting members to said porcelain 4body andforming in series with said porcelain body a compositeflinsulating joint between said conducting members, saidY cement material having a ldielectric constant atl least equal to that of .said porcelain body and being formed from a 100% reactive polymerizable synthetic resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resins and epoxy resins, a polymerizing agent for polymerization of said synthetic resin, and an inorganic filler material including an inorganic substance having a dielectric constant of at least 30 and a finely divided mineral substance for controlling the viscosity of the cement composition.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
US473696A 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Electrical insulating cement Expired - Lifetime US2879323A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US473696A US2879323A (en) 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Electrical insulating cement
CH362133D CH362133A (de) 1954-12-07 1955-12-06 Elektrischer Isolationskörper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
GB34989/55A GB818038A (en) 1954-12-07 1955-12-06 Improvements relating to electrical insulating structures
JP3177355A JPS336391B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1954-12-07 1955-12-07

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US473696A US2879323A (en) 1954-12-07 1954-12-07 Electrical insulating cement

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JP (1) JPS336391B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH362133A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB818038A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3054704A (en) * 1959-09-22 1962-09-18 Chance Co Ab Insulator assembly method and apparatus
US3181991A (en) * 1961-08-07 1965-05-04 U S Peroxygen Corp Pigmented peroxide compositions
US3182026A (en) * 1962-03-14 1965-05-04 U S Peroxygen Corp Homogeneous pigmented peroxide compositions
US3220593A (en) * 1962-03-19 1965-11-30 Owens Illinois Glass Co Cathode-ray and other vacuumized tubes resistant to fracture and capable of controlled devacuation
US3390296A (en) * 1966-03-14 1968-06-25 Trw Inc Electric discharge device having spaced electrodes sealed to opposite end of envelope
US3484543A (en) * 1967-10-23 1969-12-16 Doulton & Co Ltd Cap and pin insulator having an insulating layer to improve radio interference performance
US3534991A (en) * 1968-11-01 1970-10-20 Coors Porcelain Co Joint assembly for ceramics and method for making same
US3862083A (en) * 1972-11-29 1975-01-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp High temperature brushing compound
US4025741A (en) * 1975-05-14 1977-05-24 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Insert disposed in stand-off insulator and circuit interrupter including same
US4210774A (en) * 1977-06-16 1980-07-01 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Filled polymer electrical insulator
US4514590A (en) * 1982-10-08 1985-04-30 Kyle James C Electrical terminal assembly
EP0117292A3 (en) * 1983-01-28 1987-10-07 Hoechst Ceramtec Aktiengesellschaft Packing between metal fitting and glass-fibre rod for high-voltage composite insulators
US10705242B2 (en) 2015-02-26 2020-07-07 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Downhole sensor deployment assembly
US10830036B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2020-11-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Well monitoring using casing centralizers

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB706067A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1900-01-01
US1725097A (en) * 1927-06-16 1929-08-20 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Insulator structure
US2175672A (en) * 1938-01-04 1939-10-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Preparation of seals between ceramic material and metal
US2514141A (en) * 1948-01-02 1950-07-04 American Cyanamid Co Polyester resin adhesive compositions
US2528933A (en) * 1949-04-29 1950-11-07 Shell Dev Adhesive composition containing glycidyl ethers and alumina
US2537375A (en) * 1947-08-01 1951-01-09 American Cyanamid Co Method of curing polyester resins
US2577005A (en) * 1948-03-04 1951-12-04 Micamold Radio Corp Method of making molded condensers
GB716987A (en) * 1951-01-23 1954-10-20 Cie Generale Electro Ceramique Improvements in or relating to electric insulators

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB706067A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1900-01-01
US1725097A (en) * 1927-06-16 1929-08-20 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Insulator structure
US2175672A (en) * 1938-01-04 1939-10-10 Int Standard Electric Corp Preparation of seals between ceramic material and metal
US2537375A (en) * 1947-08-01 1951-01-09 American Cyanamid Co Method of curing polyester resins
US2514141A (en) * 1948-01-02 1950-07-04 American Cyanamid Co Polyester resin adhesive compositions
US2577005A (en) * 1948-03-04 1951-12-04 Micamold Radio Corp Method of making molded condensers
US2528933A (en) * 1949-04-29 1950-11-07 Shell Dev Adhesive composition containing glycidyl ethers and alumina
GB716987A (en) * 1951-01-23 1954-10-20 Cie Generale Electro Ceramique Improvements in or relating to electric insulators

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3054704A (en) * 1959-09-22 1962-09-18 Chance Co Ab Insulator assembly method and apparatus
US3181991A (en) * 1961-08-07 1965-05-04 U S Peroxygen Corp Pigmented peroxide compositions
US3182026A (en) * 1962-03-14 1965-05-04 U S Peroxygen Corp Homogeneous pigmented peroxide compositions
US3220593A (en) * 1962-03-19 1965-11-30 Owens Illinois Glass Co Cathode-ray and other vacuumized tubes resistant to fracture and capable of controlled devacuation
US3220592A (en) * 1962-03-19 1965-11-30 Owens Illinois Glass Co Cathode-ray and other vacuumized tubes resistant to violent devacuation
US3390296A (en) * 1966-03-14 1968-06-25 Trw Inc Electric discharge device having spaced electrodes sealed to opposite end of envelope
US3484543A (en) * 1967-10-23 1969-12-16 Doulton & Co Ltd Cap and pin insulator having an insulating layer to improve radio interference performance
US3534991A (en) * 1968-11-01 1970-10-20 Coors Porcelain Co Joint assembly for ceramics and method for making same
US3862083A (en) * 1972-11-29 1975-01-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp High temperature brushing compound
US4025741A (en) * 1975-05-14 1977-05-24 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Insert disposed in stand-off insulator and circuit interrupter including same
US4210774A (en) * 1977-06-16 1980-07-01 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Filled polymer electrical insulator
US4514590A (en) * 1982-10-08 1985-04-30 Kyle James C Electrical terminal assembly
EP0117292A3 (en) * 1983-01-28 1987-10-07 Hoechst Ceramtec Aktiengesellschaft Packing between metal fitting and glass-fibre rod for high-voltage composite insulators
US10705242B2 (en) 2015-02-26 2020-07-07 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Downhole sensor deployment assembly
US10830036B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2020-11-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Well monitoring using casing centralizers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB818038A (en) 1959-08-12
JPS336391B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1958-08-12
CH362133A (de) 1962-05-31

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