US2853118A - Assembly apparatus - Google Patents

Assembly apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2853118A
US2853118A US56441656A US2853118A US 2853118 A US2853118 A US 2853118A US 56441656 A US56441656 A US 56441656A US 2853118 A US2853118 A US 2853118A
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Prior art keywords
chuck
base
cap
assembly
cam
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Homer D Schnitzius
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Richardson Co
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Richardson Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/545—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles one hollow-preform being placed inside the other
    • B29C66/5452—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles one hollow-preform being placed inside the other joining hollow bottoms to bottom of bottles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672—Spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/16—Closures not otherwise provided for with means for venting air or gas
    • B65D51/1605—Closures not otherwise provided for with means for venting air or gas whereby the interior of the container is maintained in permanent gaseous communication with the exterior
    • B65D51/1611—Closures not otherwise provided for with means for venting air or gas whereby the interior of the container is maintained in permanent gaseous communication with the exterior by means of an orifice, capillary or labyrinth passage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/76—Processes of uniting two or more parts

Definitions

  • ASSEMBLY APPARATUS Filed Feb. 9, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 5%' ffm nited States Patent C) ASSEMBLY APPARATUS Homer D. Schuitzius, Indianapolis, Ind., assignor to The Richardson Company, Melrose Park, Ill., a corporation of Ohio Application February 9, 1956, Serial No. 564,416
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for assembling component parts to form a composite body. More particularly the invention is directed to utilizing the heat developed by friction to soften a given area of one component part made from a thermoplastic material whereby the softened area of the part may be deformed about its complementary part to thereby interlock the two component parts to form a unitary product.
  • Figure l is a partial front perspective view showing the relationship of the chuck and roller assembly forming a part of the apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view in elevation, partly in section, of the control and power train mechanism.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevation view, partly in section, of the chuck and roller assembly while Figures 3a and 3b, associated with Figure 3, are elevational views, in cross section, of vent caps in initial and final stages of assembly respectively.
  • Figure 4 is an elevation view, partly in section, of the cam assembly controlling the movement of the chuck.
  • Figure 5 is a further elevational view, partly in section, of the chuck cam assembly.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of an assembled battery vent well plug.
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the slide mechanisms used to perform the initial assembly operation.
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view, partly in section, showing the relationship of the initial assembly mechanism and the chuck and roller assembly.
  • Figure 9 is a partial view of a modication of the means employed to create frictional heat and unite the component parts of the composite body.
  • lling wells for each cell through which may be poured the electrolyte for the cells.
  • the lling wells are then closed with a hollow vent plug, usually secured within the filling well by means of threads.
  • a vent plug is normally cylindrical-like in shape and is provided with openings in both its top and bottom.
  • Vent plugs as described above are usually made of plastic material by a molding operation and, because of their structure, are initially formed in two parts, namely a base portion and a cap portion, which are subsequently united to form the complete vent plug.
  • the vent plugs assembled in accordance with the teachings of the present invention are molded from polystyrene.
  • FIG. 3a of the drawings wherein there is shown a -cylindrical type base B provided with external threads a on the lower portion thereof.
  • a small opening x as well as an upstanding bale f, referred to hereinafter.
  • the base is provided with an integral cap support, which in one embodiment, may be represented by ledge b extending around its inner periphery, the upwardly extending portion of the sides of the base beyond said ledge being designated by the letter e.
  • the cap C which is to be united with the base B is shown as having a transverse opening y in the center thereof and a peripherial lip d which will permit the cap to be supported by ledge b of the base B.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is directed to uniting the cap C with the base B by turning upper edge e of the base over the lip d of the cap such that a permanent unitary structure is formed, as is shown in Figure 3b, and the two parts of the plug are locked together, the lip d of the cap being held between ledge b and turned over edge e.
  • the assembled vent plug when inserted into the filling well of a battery will serve to prevent splashing of electrolyte out of the vent well but will permit, by means of openings x and y, the egress of any gases formed in the There is some possibility that electrolyte might find its way up through opening x in the bottom of the vent plug, however, by reason of the presence of the bafe f and the offset between the openings x and y, the electrolyte has no direct passage to the exterior and, hence, is normally 4entrapped in the plug interior.
  • a plan view of an assembled vent plug is shown in Figure 6.
  • the apparatus employed consists of a chuck which receives the base and cap in an initially assembled condition, with cap C resting on ledge b of base B, and which, under appropriate sequence of steps, forces the assembled base and cap against an external freely movable surface while rapidly rotating the assembly, to thereby turn the edge e over the lip d of the cap.
  • the base at least, is formed of thermoplastic material whereby a given portion of the base, upon being rapidly rotated against the aforementioned surface, will be subjected to frictional engagement with the same thereby creating heat.
  • the freely movable surface is soconstructed that as the predetermined portion of the plastic base is heated by means of the friction created it will be softened and automatically deformed about the periphery of the cap.
  • a base plate 1 upon which are supported two freely rotatable rollers 2.
  • the rollers are provided with concave peripheral surfaces 3 and are each attached to a shaft 4 and 5 respectively, which in turn are journaled in support members 6 and 7 attached to the base plate 1.
  • a rotatable and longitudinally movable chuck 9 secured to a shaft lil, the latter extending downwardly through and being journaled in housing H.
  • the housing H contains appropriate control mechanism and a power train, referred to hereinafter.
  • the face of the chuck is provided with a cavity 11 into which will be received the bottom threaded portion of the base B.
  • an ejector pin 12 Extending upwardly into the cavity 11 is an ejector pin 12 which is biased by spring 13. Also extending into cavity 11 are two driving pins 14 and 15 which are likewise biased by springs 16 and 17 respectively.
  • the ejector When the base B is fixed in the cavity 11 of the chuck, the ejector will be depressed and one of the driving pins 14 or 15 will be engaged with and extend into opening x in the bottom of base B, thereby locking the base with the chuck for simultaneous rotation.
  • a holding pad 20 which is resiliently mounted in an overhead support 21, the pad being biased by a spring 22.
  • a stop member 24 is employed to prevent the assembly from traveling beyond its desired position immediately over the chuck.
  • This stop member 24 consists of a flexible spring reciprocally operable in a tube 25 and controlled in timed sequence by pneumatic means through hose 26.
  • vent plug is ejected from the chuck and guide member 27 is provided which, in general, controls the path that the completed assembly will take immediately after being removed from the chuck.
  • the numeral 32 designates the slide which will remove the base element B from its chute 30, when in the retracted position shown by the dotted lines.
  • Slide 32 carries the base B forward to a point where it is positioned upon a spring biased supporting pad 34, the latter being disposed in an opening in the base plate 1.
  • slide 33 when in the retracted position shown by the dotted lines, will remove a cap element and carry it forward until it is positioned over its complementary base and vertically spaced therefrom.
  • the position of the two elements B and C immediately prior to the initial assembly is best shown in Figure 8.
  • a plunger 35 Upon reaching this stage, wherein the cap is positioned just above the base, a plunger 35 is caused to move downwardly which forces the cap into the upper opening of the base so as to rest upon and be supported by the ledge b of the base.
  • the slides 32 and 33 are retracted to pick up additional elements for assembly and a cross slide 36 is caused to move transversely, as from left to right in Figure 7, until it has transposed the initial assembly over the chuck 9 and against the stop 24, which at the time is automatically extended outwardly into the forward path of the assembly just beyond the chuck.
  • An extension 37 of slide 36 serves to limit the travel of the base B when it is moved by its slide 32 and thus aids in properly locating the base on supporting pad 34.
  • the chuck 9 has its associated shaft 10 extending into and journaled in housing H where it is connected with a power supply and where its movement, both reciprocally and rotatably, is controlled in the manner desired by means of suitable gearing and cams.
  • FIGs 2, 4 and 5 wherein there is shown the housing H having the shaft 10 of the chuck extending therethrough.
  • a drive shaft 40 connected to a suitable source of power by means of a chain and sprocket indicated generally by the numeral 41.
  • One end of the power shaft is provided with a beveled gear 42 which is engaged with a corresponding beveled gear 43 secured to the shaft 10.
  • Beveled gear 43 while secured to shaft 10, is so connected thereto as to permit the latter to move longitudinally through its center. Rotation of drive shaft 40 will, accordingly, cause rotation of shaft 10 and, hence, chuck 9, the speed of rotation of the latter being determined by the gear ratio.
  • cam shaft 45 Also secured to drive shaft 40 is a power transmission link 44 for transmitting power to cam shaft 45.
  • Cam shaft 45 has secured thereto a chuck cam 46.
  • This cam is provided with a varying periphery, as measured from its center, which, as hereinafter described, will impart to the rotating chuck a predetermined reciprocal movement, and thus determine the extent and duration of the contact of the initially assembled vent plug held by the chuck with the rotatable surface or rollers 2.
  • Means are also provided, associated with the lower end of shaft 10, for adjusting the relationship between cam 45 and shaft 10, whereby the maximum or minimum reciprocal movement of the shaft 10 and hence chuck 9 may be controlled.
  • the lower end of shaft 10 is journaled in and secured to a floating support 48 which is attached to a projection of the housing H by means of bolts 49 and 50 but adapted to move freely thereon.
  • springs 51 and 52 Disposed around the bolts are springs 51 and 52 respectively, which keep member 48 biased in a downwards position.
  • a bracket 53 Depending from member 48 and forming an integral part thereof is a bracket 53 comprising two laterally spaced arms, each of which is provided with a vertical slot 54 and 55.
  • a transverse axle 56 upon which is journaled a roller 57.
  • the position of the axle 56 in the slots 54 and 55 may be varied by adjustment of locking screws 58. Roller 57 is always maintained in contact with the peripheral surface of the cam 46. However, by appropriate adjustment of the locking screws 58, it will be seen that the position of the axle 56 within slots 54 and 55 may be changed and thus the maximum or minimum vertical travel of the chuck 9 varied. In order to compensate for wear or make other adjustments as may be required, provision is also made for adjustment of cam 46 with respect to its position on shaft 45 by means of bolts 59 disposed in slots extending through the cam and engaged with a backup plate as shown.
  • An arrangement as described above permits a reciprocal movement to be imparted to the chuck 9 while the latter is being rotated.
  • cams 61, 62, 63, and 64 are, in turn, engageable with an equal number of contact elements 65, 66, 67 and 63 respectively.
  • contact elements contro-1, in appropriate sequence, the operation of the initial assembly mechanism, transfer of the assembly to the chuck and ejection of the assembled plug from the chuck.
  • cam 61 can be designated as controlling the base loading slide, cam 62 as controlling the cap loading slide, cam 63 as controlling the cross slide and cam 64 as controlling the plunger 35, previously referred to and shown in Figure 8.
  • cam 61 can be designated as controlling the base loading slide, cam 62 as controlling the cap loading slide, cam 63 as controlling the cross slide and cam 64 as controlling the plunger 35, previously referred to and shown in Figure 8.
  • the next area of the cam periphery causes the chuck and the vent plug assembly to move upward forcing the upper edges e of the base of the assembly against the rollers.
  • the fourth bracket area, counterclockwise, of the cam periphery is a finishing and smoothing operation.
  • the lnal bracket area of the cam surface permits retraction of the chuck whereby the united vent plug assembly is removed from contact with the rollers and is ejected from the chuck.
  • the two parts of the vent plug namely cap C and base B
  • cap C and base B are initially assembled with the cap lip d resting on the ledge b of the base B, following which the upper edge e of the base B is forced or turned over the lip d of the cap to form a mechanical joint and thus lock the two parts of the vent plug into a permanent unit.
  • base loading slide 32 removes one base unit from chute 30 and conveys it to an initial assembly station in a predetermined position over the resiliently supported pad 34.
  • the cap loading slide removes one cap unit from chute 31 and conveys it to the initial assembly station in a position immediately over the base but in vertical spaced relationship thereto.
  • plunger 35 is caused to move downward so as to force cap C into the upper opening of base B whereby the periphery lip d is supported by the inner ledge b of the base. It will be understood that when the plunger forces the cap down into the base that the supporting pad 34 being resiliently disposed under the base will absorb a part of the force of the plunger and thus prevent any distortion of either the cap or the base in the initial assembly operation.
  • slides 32 and 33 are retracted to the dotted positions shown in Figure 7, in order to permit them to pick up other base and cap units respectively and also to permit the cross slide member to move the initially assembled cap and base to the second or nal assembly station over the chuck.
  • cross slide 36 is caused to travel from left to right, as viewed in Figure 7, moving the assembly over chuck 9.
  • spring 24 is caused to move outward in front of the path of the moving assembly to thereby assist in preventing it from moving beyond its desired position over the chuck.
  • the assembly is disposed by the cross slide over the chuck, it is, in effect, caught between the extended spring 24, the holding pad 20 and the ejector pin 12 of the upwardly moving chuck and, hence, is held firmly in position.
  • stop spring 24 is retracted. Additionally, the chuck continues to move upward with the ejector pin 12 being gradually forced downward as the threaded portion of the base B comes within the cavity 11 of the chuck.
  • the chuck During the operation of the chuck it is continuously rotating at a predetermined speed and, hence, the bottom of the base B will contact and slide over the driving pins 14 and 15 until one of the pins engages and forces itself into opening x in the bottom of the base. Upon engagement of a driving pin in the opening x, the chuck and the base are locked together. Thus the rotary movement of the chuck is immediately imparted to the base and cap assembly. The chuck continues to move upward until the upper edge e of the base B engages with the ⁇ concave surfaces 3 of the rollers 2, the latter, as previously described, being freely rotatable. As the upper edge e is moved against the surface 3 of the rollers 2 at a very rapid speed, frictional forces cause heat to be created in the edge e and thus a softening of the thermoplastic material from which it is formed.
  • the chuck continues to move upwardly under the influence of the cam 46 as the edge e is softened and, hence, causes the edge to be forced inwardly by reason of the concave surface 3 of the rollers 2.
  • the softened edges e inwardly they are caused to overlap and form around lip d of the cap, thereby locking the cap in position in the base between the turned over edges e and the ledge b.
  • the chuck continues to rotate the turned over edges in Contact with the rollers for a short period to further smooth and form the joint, thus making it a finished surface and juncture.
  • the chuck is retracted to a position whereby the assembled unit is below the holding pad 20 and where ejector pin 12 can force the assembled vent plug out of the chuck.
  • a blast of air may be employed to move it out of the chuck and toward a collecting station, the air being appropriately directed by means of a nozzle, not shown.
  • the vertical movement of the chuck and, correspondingly, the movement of the initially assembled vent plug into engagement with the rollers 2 while rapidly rotating is controlled by means of cam 46.
  • Certain adjustments with respect to the cam and its control over the operation ⁇ of the chuck can be made when desirable.
  • the position of the shaft 1t) with respect to the cam may be varied by the locking screws SS, provision is made for the assembly of vent plugs having varying longitudinal dimensions.
  • One apparatus of the type described herein for making battery vent plugs of polystyrene has an operation wherein the chuck is rotated at a speed of 400 R. P. M. and the chuck cam 46 constructed so as to reciprocate the chuck 40 times per minute, thus forming in effect vent plugs at the rate of 40 per minute.
  • This rate has been found not only appropriate for creating the necessary friction to provide the required heat and accomplish the desired objective of deforming the edges of the base but also provides a rate of assembly which enables an inspector to adequately inspect the assembled vent plugs without undue strain.
  • two rollers are used to provide surfaces against which the initially assembled vent plug is caused to rotate for purposes of developing friction and hence heat to soften the thermoplastic material.
  • the numeral 70 indicates an appropriate supporting plate disposed above the chuck having journaled therein for free rotation a downwardly extending concave saucer-like member 71, provided with an inwardly disposed concave periphery for engagement with the upper edges of a base element.
  • the chuck would force the initially assembled vent plug upward into engagement with the member 71 wherein the upper edge e of the base B would contact the inwardly disposed concave surface 73 of the member 71, resulting in the creation of friction due to the relative movement and thus cause the edge e to be turned over upon being softened in the same manner as was the case with the preferred structure using two rollers 2.
  • vent plugs whose component parts are formed from polystyrene has proven entirely practical using the methods and apparatus disclosed. Assembly -of similar products formed from like materials which can be softened by the heat of friction and thus deformed is also considered to the within the broad concepts of the present invention. Additionally, while I have indicated that freely rotatable external surfaces are preferably desired, it is possible that stationary external engaging surfaces or movable external engaging surfaces having a predetermined drag may be also employed, depending on the material used, friction forces developed, speed of rotation, etc.
  • an apparatus for permanently joining a cap and a cylindrical-like 'open-end thermoplastic base to form a composite unit comprising separate sources of supply for said cap and base, collecting members associated with each source of supply and adapted for removing individual cap and base elements from said sources and .carry the same to an initial assembly station in spaced relationship, a press member located at said station axially aligned with said cap and base and adapted to insert said cap within the open end of said base adjacent an integral support therein, a transferring member adapted to move said assembly to a second station for permanently uniting the cap in position within the base, a chuck located at said second station, means to lock said assembly in saidchuck, a movable member disposed above said chuck having a surface adapted to frictionally engage external areas of said base surrounding the periphery of said cap, means for rapidly rotating said chuck, means to move said chuck during rotation toward said movable member to permit frictional engagement of said external areas of the base with said surface of said movable member, said surface being designed so as
  • said transferring member is a reciprocating slide element whose operating path is transverse to that of the collecting members.
  • said means to lock said assembly in said chuck comprises a spring biased pin disposed in the chuck cavity and adapted to removably engage a complementary recess in the base.
  • said movable member consists of two oppositely disposed freely rotatable rollers whose axes of rotation are normal to the path of travel of the chuck, each of said rollers being provided with a concave surface adapted for contact with said base.
  • said movable surface adapted for frictional engagement with said base is a circular concave surface disposed in a plane normal to the longitudinal path of said chuck.
  • the means to lock said assembly in said ychuck comprises a spring biased pin disposed in the chuck cavity adapted to removably engage a complementary recess in said base.
  • said ejecting means includes a spring biased member disposed in the cavity of said chuck which is depressed by said assembly while held by said chuck.
  • said freely rotatable member comprises two oppositely disposed rollers whose axes of rotation are normal to the reciprocal path of the chuck, each roller being provided with a concave periphery for frictional engagement with said base.
  • an apparatus for permanently joining a cap and a cylindrical-like open-end thermoplastic base to form a composite unit including a rotatable chuck adapted to hold the initial assembly of the cap and base with the cap disposed within the base and resting on an internal support integral therewith, means associated with said chuck for locking said chuck and assembly during rotation, a pair of oppositely disposed freely rotatable rollers positioned in spaced relationship with respect 4to said chuck and provided with peripheral concave surfaces adapted for frictional engagement with predetermined areas of said base, the axes of rotation of said rollers being normal to the axis of rotation of said chuck, means to reciprocate said chuck axially towards and away from said rollers to permit frictional engagement lof said predetermined areas of the base therewith for a time sucient to allow the heat -of friction to soften said predetermined areas of said base and deform said areas about the periphery of the cap, and a resilient holding pad disposed between said rollers and adapted to press against said cap during the time said
  • composite unit comprising holding means adapted to receive and retain the initial assembly of the cap and base wherein the cap is disposed within the base and rests on an internal support integral therewith, means for supplying said holding means with the initially assembled cap and base, means to lock said assembly within said holding means, an independent member disposed in spaced relationship with respect to said holding means having a surface adapted to frictionally engage external areas of said base surrounding the periphery of the cap, means for rapidly rotating said holding means, means to reciprocate said holding means during rotation toward and away from -said independent member to permit engagement and disengagement of said external areas of the base with said surface, said surface being designed so as to deform the areas of the base about the periphery of said cap when said areas become softened as a result of the frictional heat developed, means to eject the composite unit from said holding means; and means to coordinate supplying, rotation and reciprocation of said holding means and ejection of the composite unit whereby such operations are performed in predetermined sequence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

Sept. 23, 1958 H. D. scHNiTzlUs 2,853,118
ASSEMBLY APPARATUS Filed Feb. 9, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 H. D. scHNlTzlUs ASSEMBLY APPARATUS sept. 23, 195s 4 Sheets-Sheeil 2 Filed Feb. 9, 1956 -'Wml Sept. 23, 1958 H. D. scHNlTzlUs ASSEMBLY APPARATUS Filed Feb. 9, 195e 4 Sheets-Sheer. 5
m I ,DWWIW Nw ww Q-- T l it E wam Sept' 23, 1958 'H. D..scHN1TzlUs 2,853,118
ASSEMBLY APPARATUS Filed Feb. 9, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 5%' ffm nited States Patent C) ASSEMBLY APPARATUS Homer D. Schuitzius, Indianapolis, Ind., assignor to The Richardson Company, Melrose Park, Ill., a corporation of Ohio Application February 9, 1956, Serial No. 564,416
17 Claims. (Cl. 154-1) This invention relates to an apparatus for assembling component parts to form a composite body. More particularly the invention is directed to utilizing the heat developed by friction to soften a given area of one component part made from a thermoplastic material whereby the softened area of the part may be deformed about its complementary part to thereby interlock the two component parts to form a unitary product.
In describing the invention reference will be made to the drawings wherein;
Figure l is a partial front perspective view showing the relationship of the chuck and roller assembly forming a part of the apparatus.
Figure 2 is a schematic view in elevation, partly in section, of the control and power train mechanism.
Figure 3 is a front elevation view, partly in section, of the chuck and roller assembly while Figures 3a and 3b, associated with Figure 3, are elevational views, in cross section, of vent caps in initial and final stages of assembly respectively.
Figure 4 is an elevation view, partly in section, of the cam assembly controlling the movement of the chuck.
Figure 5 is a further elevational view, partly in section, of the chuck cam assembly.
Figure 6 is a plan view of an assembled battery vent well plug.
Figure 7 is a plan view of the slide mechanisms used to perform the initial assembly operation.
Figure 8 is a side elevational view, partly in section, showing the relationship of the initial assembly mechanism and the chuck and roller assembly.
Figure 9 is a partial view of a modication of the means employed to create frictional heat and unite the component parts of the composite body.
In order to describe and explain the invention, reference will be made to the formation of battery vent plugs. However, it will be appreciated that the process and apparatus described may be employed to form similar products from two complementary component parts.
In the usual electric storage battery there are provided lling wells for each cell through which may be poured the electrolyte for the cells. After filling each cell with electrolyte, the lling wells are then closed with a hollow vent plug, usually secured within the filling well by means of threads. Such a vent plug is normally cylindrical-like in shape and is provided with openings in both its top and bottom. These vertically spaced vent plug openings obstruct the discharge of electrolyte while permitting the egress of gases which are evolved from the cell.
Vent plugs as described above are usually made of plastic material by a molding operation and, because of their structure, are initially formed in two parts, namely a base portion and a cap portion, which are subsequently united to form the complete vent plug. The vent plugs assembled in accordance with the teachings of the present invention are molded from polystyrene.
In order to more fully describe such a plug, reference cell.
ice
is made toV Figure 3a of the drawings wherein there is shown a -cylindrical type base B provided with external threads a on the lower portion thereof. In the bottom of the base there is a small opening x as well as an upstanding bale f, referred to hereinafter. Further, the base is provided with an integral cap support, which in one embodiment, may be represented by ledge b extending around its inner periphery, the upwardly extending portion of the sides of the base beyond said ledge being designated by the letter e. The cap C which is to be united with the base B is shown as having a transverse opening y in the center thereof and a peripherial lip d which will permit the cap to be supported by ledge b of the base B.
The exemplary embodiment of the present invention is directed to uniting the cap C with the base B by turning upper edge e of the base over the lip d of the cap such that a permanent unitary structure is formed, as is shown in Figure 3b, and the two parts of the plug are locked together, the lip d of the cap being held between ledge b and turned over edge e.
The assembled vent plug when inserted into the filling well of a battery will serve to prevent splashing of electrolyte out of the vent well but will permit, by means of openings x and y, the egress of any gases formed in the There is some possibility that electrolyte might find its way up through opening x in the bottom of the vent plug, however, by reason of the presence of the bafe f and the offset between the openings x and y, the electrolyte has no direct passage to the exterior and, hence, is normally 4entrapped in the plug interior. A plan view of an assembled vent plug is shown in Figure 6.
The apparatus and process for uniting the two parts of the vent plug will be now described in more detail.
Chuck and roller assembly In describing this portion of the apparatus reference, in general, will be made to Figures l and 3. In brief, the apparatus employed consists of a chuck which receives the base and cap in an initially assembled condition, with cap C resting on ledge b of base B, and which, under appropriate sequence of steps, forces the assembled base and cap against an external freely movable surface while rapidly rotating the assembly, to thereby turn the edge e over the lip d of the cap. The base, at least, is formed of thermoplastic material whereby a given portion of the base, upon being rapidly rotated against the aforementioned surface, will be subjected to frictional engagement with the same thereby creating heat. The freely movable surface is soconstructed that as the predetermined portion of the plastic base is heated by means of the friction created it will be softened and automatically deformed about the periphery of the cap.
In Figures 3, 3a and 3b there are shown the three stages for assembling the vent plug, the assembly stages progressing from left to right.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 1 and 3, there is shown a base plate 1 upon which are supported two freely rotatable rollers 2. The rollers are provided with concave peripheral surfaces 3 and are each attached to a shaft 4 and 5 respectively, which in turn are journaled in support members 6 and 7 attached to the base plate 1.
Disposed in an opening in the base immediately below the rollers is a rotatable and longitudinally movable chuck 9 secured to a shaft lil, the latter extending downwardly through and being journaled in housing H. The housing H contains appropriate control mechanism and a power train, referred to hereinafter. The face of the chuck is provided with a cavity 11 into which will be received the bottom threaded portion of the base B.
Extending upwardly into the cavity 11 is an ejector pin 12 which is biased by spring 13. Also extending into cavity 11 are two driving pins 14 and 15 which are likewise biased by springs 16 and 17 respectively. When the base B is fixed in the cavity 11 of the chuck, the ejector will be depressed and one of the driving pins 14 or 15 will be engaged with and extend into opening x in the bottom of base B, thereby locking the base with the chuck for simultaneous rotation.
In order to hold the initially assembled parts C and B of the vent plug together during the preliminary period when the assembly is being positioned over the chuck and engaged therewith prior to softening and turning the edges e, there is provided a holding pad 20 which is resiliently mounted in an overhead support 21, the pad being biased by a spring 22.
When the initially assembled elements C and B are first positioned over the chuck, by means of slide mechanisms hereinafter described, a stop member 24 is employed to prevent the assembly from traveling beyond its desired position immediately over the chuck. This stop member 24 consists of a flexible spring reciprocally operable in a tube 25 and controlled in timed sequence by pneumatic means through hose 26.
After the component parts of the vent plug are united in the manner previously indicated, the vent plug is ejected from the chuck and guide member 27 is provided which, in general, controls the path that the completed assembly will take immediately after being removed from the chuck.
Slide and plunger mechanism As previously indicated, it is necessary that the cap and base be initially assembled before being disposed in the chuck for permanent uniting. In accordance with the present invention, means are provided for so assemblying the elements C and B and subsequently transposing the assembly to the chuck `for the nal uniting operation. The mechanism for accomplishing -the foregoing is best shown in Figures 7 and 8 o f the drawing. The base and cap are individually supplied from hoppers not shown to the initial assembly station by means of chutes 30 and 31. In order to transfer the respective elements from their chutes there are provided reciprocating slides which remove the bases and caps from their chutes in appropriate sequence and carry them to the initial assembly point or station. The numeral 32 designates the slide which will remove the base element B from its chute 30, when in the retracted position shown by the dotted lines. Slide 32 carries the base B forward to a point where it is positioned upon a spring biased supporting pad 34, the latter being disposed in an opening in the base plate 1. In a similar manner slide 33, when in the retracted position shown by the dotted lines, will remove a cap element and carry it forward until it is positioned over its complementary base and vertically spaced therefrom. The position of the two elements B and C immediately prior to the initial assembly is best shown in Figure 8. Upon reaching this stage, wherein the cap is positioned just above the base, a plunger 35 is caused to move downwardly which forces the cap into the upper opening of the base so as to rest upon and be supported by the ledge b of the base.
Once the initial assembly of the base and cap has been completed in the aforementioned manner, the slides 32 and 33 are retracted to pick up additional elements for assembly and a cross slide 36 is caused to move transversely, as from left to right in Figure 7, until it has transposed the initial assembly over the chuck 9 and against the stop 24, which at the time is automatically extended outwardly into the forward path of the assembly just beyond the chuck. An extension 37 of slide 36 serves to limit the travel of the base B when it is moved by its slide 32 and thus aids in properly locating the base on supporting pad 34.
The movements of the slides 32, 33 and 36 and the movement of the plunger 35 are all controlled so as to operate in appropriate sequence by means of mechanisms contained in the housing H and described immediately hereinbelow.
Control and power train mechanism As previously indicated, the chuck 9 has its associated shaft 10 extending into and journaled in housing H where it is connected with a power supply and where its movement, both reciprocally and rotatably, is controlled in the manner desired by means of suitable gearing and cams. In order to describe more fully this portion of the apparatus employed in the present invention, references will be made to Figures 2, 4 and 5, wherein there is shown the housing H having the shaft 10 of the chuck extending therethrough. To transmit power to the chuck there is provided a drive shaft 40 connected to a suitable source of power by means of a chain and sprocket indicated generally by the numeral 41. One end of the power shaft is provided with a beveled gear 42 which is engaged with a corresponding beveled gear 43 secured to the shaft 10. Beveled gear 43, while secured to shaft 10, is so connected thereto as to permit the latter to move longitudinally through its center. Rotation of drive shaft 40 will, accordingly, cause rotation of shaft 10 and, hence, chuck 9, the speed of rotation of the latter being determined by the gear ratio.
Also secured to drive shaft 40 is a power transmission link 44 for transmitting power to cam shaft 45. Cam shaft 45 has secured thereto a chuck cam 46. This cam is provided with a varying periphery, as measured from its center, which, as hereinafter described, will impart to the rotating chuck a predetermined reciprocal movement, and thus determine the extent and duration of the contact of the initially assembled vent plug held by the chuck with the rotatable surface or rollers 2.
Means are also provided, associated with the lower end of shaft 10, for adjusting the relationship between cam 45 and shaft 10, whereby the maximum or minimum reciprocal movement of the shaft 10 and hence chuck 9 may be controlled. Thus, the lower end of shaft 10 is journaled in and secured to a floating support 48 which is attached to a projection of the housing H by means of bolts 49 and 50 but adapted to move freely thereon. Disposed around the bolts are springs 51 and 52 respectively, which keep member 48 biased in a downwards position. Depending from member 48 and forming an integral part thereof is a bracket 53 comprising two laterally spaced arms, each of which is provided with a vertical slot 54 and 55. Disposed in the slots is a. transverse axle 56 upon which is journaled a roller 57. The position of the axle 56 in the slots 54 and 55 may be varied by adjustment of locking screws 58. Roller 57 is always maintained in contact with the peripheral surface of the cam 46. However, by appropriate adjustment of the locking screws 58, it will be seen that the position of the axle 56 within slots 54 and 55 may be changed and thus the maximum or minimum vertical travel of the chuck 9 varied. In order to compensate for wear or make other adjustments as may be required, provision is also made for adjustment of cam 46 with respect to its position on shaft 45 by means of bolts 59 disposed in slots extending through the cam and engaged with a backup plate as shown.
An arrangement as described above permits a reciprocal movement to be imparted to the chuck 9 while the latter is being rotated.
Also secured to shaft 45 are a number of other cams 61, 62, 63, and 64, which are, in turn, engageable with an equal number of contact elements 65, 66, 67 and 63 respectively. These contact elements contro-1, in appropriate sequence, the operation of the initial assembly mechanism, transfer of the assembly to the chuck and ejection of the assembled plug from the chuck. Thus,
assente for example, cam 61 can be designated as controlling the base loading slide, cam 62 as controlling the cap loading slide, cam 63 as controlling the cross slide and cam 64 as controlling the plunger 35, previously referred to and shown in Figure 8. It will be understood that the mechanisms associated with the contact elements which, in turn, control the aforementioned operations can be any well known means and, hence, the particular arrangement or system used forms no part of the present invention and, accordingly, is not shown in the drawings or further described.
For a more detailed explanation of the effect of cam 46 on the movement of shaft 10 and thus the movement of the chuck 9, reference is made to Figure 4 wherein there is shown an enlarged View of cam 46 positioned on shaft 45 and in contact with roller 57. Those portions of cam 46 which serve to control the reciprocal movement of the chuck are indicated by the bracketsdisposed about the periphery of the cam, the cam being rotated counterclockwise. Thus it will be seen, starting at the bottom of the cam, that a portion of the periphery of the cam will permit the chuck to be fully retracted, during which period, the initial assembled cap and base are positioned over the chuck, this particular portion of the cam surface being designated as Loading of Assembly. Following lthis initial operation the chuck engages the assembly as it moves upward under the influence of that part of the cam surface designated Engagement of Chuck with Assembly.
The next area of the cam periphery causes the chuck and the vent plug assembly to move upward forcing the upper edges e of the base of the assembly against the rollers.
The fourth bracket area, counterclockwise, of the cam periphery is a finishing and smoothing operation. The lnal bracket area of the cam surface permits retraction of the chuck whereby the united vent plug assembly is removed from contact with the rollers and is ejected from the chuck.
Operation To summarize the operation, it will be seen that the two parts of the vent plug, namely cap C and base B, are initially assembled with the cap lip d resting on the ledge b of the base B, following which the upper edge e of the base B is forced or turned over the lip d of the cap to form a mechanical joint and thus lock the two parts of the vent plug into a permanent unit.
Taking the operation from the beginning, base loading slide 32 removes one base unit from chute 30 and conveys it to an initial assembly station in a predetermined position over the resiliently supported pad 34. Simultaneously with the positioning of the base unit, the cap loading slide removes one cap unit from chute 31 and conveys it to the initial assembly station in a position immediately over the base but in vertical spaced relationship thereto. When the cap and base are in their p predetermined positions, plunger 35 is caused to move downward so as to force cap C into the upper opening of base B whereby the periphery lip d is supported by the inner ledge b of the base. It will be understood that when the plunger forces the cap down into the base that the supporting pad 34 being resiliently disposed under the base will absorb a part of the force of the plunger and thus prevent any distortion of either the cap or the base in the initial assembly operation.
Following this initial assembly operation, or more or less simultaneously with the movement of the plunger 35, slides 32 and 33 are retracted to the dotted positions shown in Figure 7, in order to permit them to pick up other base and cap units respectively and also to permit the cross slide member to move the initially assembled cap and base to the second or nal assembly station over the chuck. Thus, upon retraction of the slides 32 and 33, cross slide 36 is caused to travel from left to right, as viewed in Figure 7, moving the assembly over chuck 9.
As the assembly is moved over the chuck under the influence of the cross slide, spring 24 is caused to move outward in front of the path of the moving assembly to thereby assist in preventing it from moving beyond its desired position over the chuck. As the assembly is disposed by the cross slide over the chuck, it is, in effect, caught between the extended spring 24, the holding pad 20 and the ejector pin 12 of the upwardly moving chuck and, hence, is held firmly in position. Once the assembly is caught between the pad 20 and the ejector pin 12, stop spring 24 is retracted. Additionally, the chuck continues to move upward with the ejector pin 12 being gradually forced downward as the threaded portion of the base B comes within the cavity 11 of the chuck. During the operation of the chuck it is continuously rotating at a predetermined speed and, hence, the bottom of the base B will contact and slide over the driving pins 14 and 15 until one of the pins engages and forces itself into opening x in the bottom of the base. Upon engagement of a driving pin in the opening x, the chuck and the base are locked together. Thus the rotary movement of the chuck is immediately imparted to the base and cap assembly. The chuck continues to move upward until the upper edge e of the base B engages with the `concave surfaces 3 of the rollers 2, the latter, as previously described, being freely rotatable. As the upper edge e is moved against the surface 3 of the rollers 2 at a very rapid speed, frictional forces cause heat to be created in the edge e and thus a softening of the thermoplastic material from which it is formed.
The chuck continues to move upwardly under the influence of the cam 46 as the edge e is softened and, hence, causes the edge to be forced inwardly by reason of the concave surface 3 of the rollers 2. Thus, by reason of forcing the softened edges e inwardly they are caused to overlap and form around lip d of the cap, thereby locking the cap in position in the base between the turned over edges e and the ledge b. After the edges e are initially turned over the lip d of the cap C, the chuck continues to rotate the turned over edges in Contact with the rollers for a short period to further smooth and form the joint, thus making it a finished surface and juncture.
After the smoothing operation, the chuck is retracted to a position whereby the assembled unit is below the holding pad 20 and where ejector pin 12 can force the assembled vent plug out of the chuck. As an aid in ejecting the thus assembled vent plug, a blast of air may be employed to move it out of the chuck and toward a collecting station, the air being appropriately directed by means of a nozzle, not shown.
As previously indicated, the vertical movement of the chuck and, correspondingly, the movement of the initially assembled vent plug into engagement with the rollers 2 while rapidly rotating is controlled by means of cam 46. Certain adjustments with respect to the cam and its control over the operation `of the chuck can be made when desirable. Thus, due to the fact that the position of the shaft 1t) with respect to the cam may be varied by the locking screws SS, provision is made for the assembly of vent plugs having varying longitudinal dimensions.
One apparatus of the type described herein for making battery vent plugs of polystyrene has an operation wherein the chuck is rotated at a speed of 400 R. P. M. and the chuck cam 46 constructed so as to reciprocate the chuck 40 times per minute, thus forming in effect vent plugs at the rate of 40 per minute. This rate has been found not only appropriate for creating the necessary friction to provide the required heat and accomplish the desired objective of deforming the edges of the base but also provides a rate of assembly which enables an inspector to adequately inspect the assembled vent plugs without undue strain.
As indicated in the above description of the invention, two rollers are used to provide surfaces against which the initially assembled vent plug is caused to rotate for purposes of developing friction and hence heat to soften the thermoplastic material. However, it will be appreciated that other surfaces of a somewhat similar nature which will perform in a like manner may also be employed. There is shown in Figure 9 an example of an alternate structure which may be used. In this figure the numeral 70 indicates an appropriate supporting plate disposed above the chuck having journaled therein for free rotation a downwardly extending concave saucer-like member 71, provided with an inwardly disposed concave periphery for engagement with the upper edges of a base element.
In operation, using a device of this type, the chuck would force the initially assembled vent plug upward into engagement with the member 71 wherein the upper edge e of the base B would contact the inwardly disposed concave surface 73 of the member 71, resulting in the creation of friction due to the relative movement and thus cause the edge e to be turned over upon being softened in the same manner as was the case with the preferred structure using two rollers 2.
As previously indicated, assembly of vent plugs whose component parts are formed from polystyrene has proven entirely practical using the methods and apparatus disclosed. Assembly -of similar products formed from like materials which can be softened by the heat of friction and thus deformed is also considered to the within the broad concepts of the present invention. Additionally, while I have indicated that freely rotatable external surfaces are preferably desired, it is possible that stationary external engaging surfaces or movable external engaging surfaces having a predetermined drag may be also employed, depending on the material used, friction forces developed, speed of rotation, etc.
Accordingly, while there has been shown and described certain exemplary embodiments of the invention it will be understood that various modifications may be made, the scope of the invention being limited to the following claims.
I claim:
1. In an apparatus for permanently joining a cap and a cylindrical-like 'open-end thermoplastic base to form a composite unit comprising separate sources of supply for said cap and base, collecting members associated with each source of supply and adapted for removing individual cap and base elements from said sources and .carry the same to an initial assembly station in spaced relationship, a press member located at said station axially aligned with said cap and base and adapted to insert said cap within the open end of said base adjacent an integral support therein, a transferring member adapted to move said assembly to a second station for permanently uniting the cap in position within the base, a chuck located at said second station, means to lock said assembly in saidchuck, a movable member disposed above said chuck having a surface adapted to frictionally engage external areas of said base surrounding the periphery of said cap, means for rapidly rotating said chuck, means to move said chuck during rotation toward said movable member to permit frictional engagement of said external areas of the base with said surface of said movable member, said surface being designed so as to deform that area of the base in contact therewith about the periphery of said cap when said area becomes softened as a result of the frictional heat developed, means to retract said chuck and thus said base from contact with said movable surface, means disposed within said chuck to assist in ejecting said cornposite assembly from said chuck, and means to coordinate the operation of said collecting and transferring members with the rotary reciprocating operation of said chuck whereby the initial assembly of the cap and base, the transfer of the assembly to the chuck and the final uniting operation are performed in predetermined sequence.
2. In an apparatus as described in claim l wherein the collecting members are longitudinally aligned reciprocating slide elements disposed in vertical spaced relationship.
3. In an apparatus as described in claim 2 wherein said transferring member is a reciprocating slide element whose operating path is transverse to that of the collecting members.
4. In an apparatus as described in claim 3 wherein a portion of said transferring member when in retracted position extends across the path of the thermoplastic base carried by the base collecting member and serves to limit its travel and thus position the same.
5. In an apparatus as described in claim l wherein said means to lock said assembly in said chuck comprises a spring biased pin disposed in the chuck cavity and adapted to removably engage a complementary recess in the base.
6. In an apparatus as described in claim l wherein said movable member consists of two oppositely disposed freely rotatable rollers whose axes of rotation are normal to the path of travel of the chuck, each of said rollers being provided with a concave surface adapted for contact with said base.
7. In an apparatus as described in claim 6 including a spring biased holding pad extending downwardly between said rollers and adapted t-o assist in retaining the cap and base in assembled relationship at the second station until said assembly is permanently united.
8. In an apparatus as described in claim l including means for adjusting the maximum and minimum recipro cal movement of said chuck.
9. In an apparatus as described in claim l including a reciprocating stop member adapted to be momentarily disposed in front of the path of said transferring member to prevent the base carried by said transferring member from moving beyond the receiving point of .the chuck, said stop member being momentarily operated in timed sequence with the movement of said transferring member.
l0. In an apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said movable surface adapted for frictional engagement with said base is a circular concave surface disposed in a plane normal to the longitudinal path of said chuck.
ll. In an apparatus for permanently joining a cap and a cylindrical-like open-end thermoplastic base to form a composite unit including a rotatable chuck adapted to hold the initial assembly of the cap and base with the cap disposed within the b ase and resting on an internal support integral therewith, means to lock said assembly in said chuck, a freely rotatable member disposed above said chuck having a surface adapted to frictionally engage external areas of said base surrounding the periphery of the cap, means to rotate said chuck, means to reciprocate .said chuck during its rotation axially toward and away from said freely rotatable member to permit engagement of said external areas of the base with said surface for a predetermined period of time to thereby soften said areas of the base under the inuence of the frictional heat developed, said freely rotatable surface being shaped in such a manner that upon softening of the areas of the base in contact therewith said areas under continuing pressure will be deformed about the periphery 4of said cap, and means to eject said composite unit from said member of said chuck upon completion of the assembly operation.
12. In an apparatus as described in claim ll wherein the means to lock said assembly in said ychuck comprises a spring biased pin disposed in the chuck cavity adapted to removably engage a complementary recess in said base.
13. In an apparatus as described in claim l1 wherein said ejecting means includes a spring biased member disposed in the cavity of said chuck which is depressed by said assembly while held by said chuck.
14. In an apparatus as described in claim 1l wherein said freely rotatable member comprises two oppositely disposed rollers whose axes of rotation are normal to the reciprocal path of the chuck, each roller being provided with a concave periphery for frictional engagement with said base.
15. In an apparatus as described in claim 11 including means for adjusting the maximum and minimum reciprocal travel of said chuck.
16. In an apparatus for permanently joining a cap and a cylindrical-like open-end thermoplastic base to form a composite unit including a rotatable chuck adapted to hold the initial assembly of the cap and base with the cap disposed within the base and resting on an internal support integral therewith, means associated with said chuck for locking said chuck and assembly during rotation, a pair of oppositely disposed freely rotatable rollers positioned in spaced relationship with respect 4to said chuck and provided with peripheral concave surfaces adapted for frictional engagement with predetermined areas of said base, the axes of rotation of said rollers being normal to the axis of rotation of said chuck, means to reciprocate said chuck axially towards and away from said rollers to permit frictional engagement lof said predetermined areas of the base therewith for a time sucient to allow the heat -of friction to soften said predetermined areas of said base and deform said areas about the periphery of the cap, and a resilient holding pad disposed between said rollers and adapted to press against said cap during the time said cap and base assembly are retained in said chuck.
17. In an apparatus for permanently joining a cap and a cylindrical-like open-end thermoplastic base to form a :y
composite unit comprising holding means adapted to receive and retain the initial assembly of the cap and base wherein the cap is disposed within the base and rests on an internal support integral therewith, means for supplying said holding means with the initially assembled cap and base, means to lock said assembly within said holding means, an independent member disposed in spaced relationship with respect to said holding means having a surface adapted to frictionally engage external areas of said base surrounding the periphery of the cap, means for rapidly rotating said holding means, means to reciprocate said holding means during rotation toward and away from -said independent member to permit engagement and disengagement of said external areas of the base with said surface, said surface being designed so as to deform the areas of the base about the periphery of said cap when said areas become softened as a result of the frictional heat developed, means to eject the composite unit from said holding means; and means to coordinate supplying, rotation and reciprocation of said holding means and ejection of the composite unit whereby such operations are performed in predetermined sequence.
References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 842,169 Blood Ian. 29, 1907 945,479 Smith Jan. 4, 1910 1,226,293 Wilson May 15, 1917 1,999,409 Fox Apr. 30, 1935 2,094,985 Jonsson Oct. 5, 1937 2,167,539 Vienneau July 25, 1939 2,169,315 Yngve Aug. 15, 1939 2,319,683 Hofmann May 18, 1943 2,384,560 Meilstrup Sept. 11, 1945 2,483,028 Waldinger Sept. 27, 1949 2,509,528 Roberts May 30, 1950 2,565,036 MacDonald Aug. 21, 1951 2,588,604 Archer Mar. 11, 1952 2,695,477 Van Steenis Nov.V 30, 1954 2,703,773 Stimson Mar. 8, 1955 2,707,161 Stern Apr. 26, 1955 2,779,998 Bailey Feb. 5, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 703,488 Great Britain Feb. 3, 1954
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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US2956611A (en) * 1957-01-07 1960-10-18 Brittain Products Company Method and apparatus for joining together hollow plastic ball halves
US2982073A (en) * 1958-06-23 1961-05-02 Kingston Products Corp Folding machine
US3019152A (en) * 1957-04-29 1962-01-30 United Carr Fastener Corp Apparatus for applying snap fastener elements to supporting materials
US3034172A (en) * 1958-12-04 1962-05-15 Nixdorff Krein Mfg Co Apparatus for making swing chain swivel fittings
US3078912A (en) * 1959-09-16 1963-02-26 Walker Mfg Co Spinning tool
DE1168058B (en) * 1960-07-08 1964-04-16 Max Schmidt Welding device for joining two hollow body halves, e.g. for Christmas tree balls or the like.
US3134278A (en) * 1959-08-12 1964-05-26 American Mach & Foundry Friction welding
US3179076A (en) * 1963-01-29 1965-04-20 Koch & Sons Inc H Float for floating structures
US3184354A (en) * 1962-02-28 1965-05-18 West Point Mfg Co Method of splicing multifilament yarns by vibratory treatment
US3245858A (en) * 1963-03-01 1966-04-12 Continental Can Co Apparatus for spin welding plastic closures to plastic containers
US3297504A (en) * 1963-03-13 1967-01-10 Brown Machine Co Of Michigan Method and apparatus for assembling and joining thermoplastic container sections by friction welding
US3301737A (en) * 1960-07-08 1967-01-31 Schmidt Max Apparatus for making hollow plastic articles
US3316135A (en) * 1963-08-23 1967-04-25 Brown Machine Co Method and apparatus for friction welding plastic closures to plastic containers
US3319597A (en) * 1966-04-20 1967-05-16 Richardson Co Liquid level indicator
US3344010A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-09-26 Procter & Gamble Spinwelding device
US3446170A (en) * 1965-09-22 1969-05-27 West Co Method and system for making a container closure
DE1297322B (en) * 1963-11-21 1969-06-12 Flax V Device for joining tubular, thermoplastic or plastic parts coated with such a material by friction welding
DE1454958B1 (en) * 1963-03-13 1970-08-20 Brown Machine Co Process for the production of containers made of thermoplastic material composed of halves as well as container halves and device for its implementation
DE1536271B1 (en) * 1965-07-16 1970-10-01 Signode Corp Connection of thermoplastic plastic bands
DE1536270B1 (en) * 1965-08-13 1970-10-08 Signode Corp Device for tying objects
US3690088A (en) * 1970-09-08 1972-09-12 Dave Chapman Method of packaging
US3888723A (en) * 1973-10-10 1975-06-10 Appleton Electric Co Machine for assembling a gasket assembly
USRE29448E (en) * 1963-03-13 1977-10-18 Koehring Company Method and apparatus for assembling and joining thermoplastic container sections by friction welding
US4832769A (en) * 1987-05-19 1989-05-23 A. R. D. Industries Ltd. Friction welding flash trap seal and method of producing same
US5211100A (en) * 1991-12-18 1993-05-18 Clark Equipment Company Inertial welded cylinder and method of making same
US5660469A (en) * 1996-08-01 1997-08-26 Seguin; Ronald John Cover unit for an industrial food mixer
CN110481030A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-22 安徽润象新材料科技有限公司 A kind of environment-friendly type wide format steel plastic compount compartment board producing device and its technique

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US945479A (en) * 1908-11-02 1910-01-04 Wayland F Smith Machine for forming cup-leathers.
US1226293A (en) * 1916-02-24 1917-05-15 Wyle T Wilson Paper container.
US1999409A (en) * 1930-06-16 1935-04-30 George R Fox Method of making fibrous pulleys
US2094985A (en) * 1933-02-25 1937-10-05 Jonsson Anders Josef Method and apparatus for making center spot crowns
US2169315A (en) * 1935-07-26 1939-08-15 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Spinning thermoplastic materials
US2167539A (en) * 1937-12-28 1939-07-25 Gen Electric Method of making flanged cylinders
US2319683A (en) * 1941-08-21 1943-05-18 Owens Illinois Glass Co Apparatus for uniting parts of thermoplastic articles
US2384560A (en) * 1944-03-31 1945-09-11 Western Electric Co Article assembling apparatus
US2483028A (en) * 1946-05-17 1949-09-27 Maurice J Waldinger Machine for capping tubes
US2509528A (en) * 1947-01-30 1950-05-30 Roberts Robert Eldon Apparatus for covering balls
US2703773A (en) * 1947-02-27 1955-03-08 Elastic Stop Nut Corp Welded plastic reflector units and the manufacture thereof
US2565036A (en) * 1949-09-29 1951-08-21 Amco Dev Company Wood filling and finishing apparatus
US2588604A (en) * 1949-10-15 1952-03-11 Injection Molding Company Method of sealing hollow bodies, such as bottles and similar containers of plastic material
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GB703488A (en) * 1951-02-12 1954-02-03 Kork N Seal Ltd Improvements in or relating to means for fixing lining discs or wads in bottle and like caps
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Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2956611A (en) * 1957-01-07 1960-10-18 Brittain Products Company Method and apparatus for joining together hollow plastic ball halves
US3019152A (en) * 1957-04-29 1962-01-30 United Carr Fastener Corp Apparatus for applying snap fastener elements to supporting materials
US2982073A (en) * 1958-06-23 1961-05-02 Kingston Products Corp Folding machine
US3034172A (en) * 1958-12-04 1962-05-15 Nixdorff Krein Mfg Co Apparatus for making swing chain swivel fittings
US3134278A (en) * 1959-08-12 1964-05-26 American Mach & Foundry Friction welding
US3078912A (en) * 1959-09-16 1963-02-26 Walker Mfg Co Spinning tool
US3301737A (en) * 1960-07-08 1967-01-31 Schmidt Max Apparatus for making hollow plastic articles
DE1168058B (en) * 1960-07-08 1964-04-16 Max Schmidt Welding device for joining two hollow body halves, e.g. for Christmas tree balls or the like.
US3184354A (en) * 1962-02-28 1965-05-18 West Point Mfg Co Method of splicing multifilament yarns by vibratory treatment
US3179076A (en) * 1963-01-29 1965-04-20 Koch & Sons Inc H Float for floating structures
US3245858A (en) * 1963-03-01 1966-04-12 Continental Can Co Apparatus for spin welding plastic closures to plastic containers
DE1454964B1 (en) * 1963-03-13 1974-03-14 Brown Machine Co Of Michigan Device for friction welding two container parts made of thermoplastic material
USRE29448E (en) * 1963-03-13 1977-10-18 Koehring Company Method and apparatus for assembling and joining thermoplastic container sections by friction welding
DE1454958B1 (en) * 1963-03-13 1970-08-20 Brown Machine Co Process for the production of containers made of thermoplastic material composed of halves as well as container halves and device for its implementation
US3297504A (en) * 1963-03-13 1967-01-10 Brown Machine Co Of Michigan Method and apparatus for assembling and joining thermoplastic container sections by friction welding
US3316135A (en) * 1963-08-23 1967-04-25 Brown Machine Co Method and apparatus for friction welding plastic closures to plastic containers
DE1297322B (en) * 1963-11-21 1969-06-12 Flax V Device for joining tubular, thermoplastic or plastic parts coated with such a material by friction welding
US3344010A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-09-26 Procter & Gamble Spinwelding device
DE1536271B1 (en) * 1965-07-16 1970-10-01 Signode Corp Connection of thermoplastic plastic bands
DE1536270B1 (en) * 1965-08-13 1970-10-08 Signode Corp Device for tying objects
US3446170A (en) * 1965-09-22 1969-05-27 West Co Method and system for making a container closure
US3319597A (en) * 1966-04-20 1967-05-16 Richardson Co Liquid level indicator
US3690088A (en) * 1970-09-08 1972-09-12 Dave Chapman Method of packaging
US3888723A (en) * 1973-10-10 1975-06-10 Appleton Electric Co Machine for assembling a gasket assembly
US4832769A (en) * 1987-05-19 1989-05-23 A. R. D. Industries Ltd. Friction welding flash trap seal and method of producing same
US5211100A (en) * 1991-12-18 1993-05-18 Clark Equipment Company Inertial welded cylinder and method of making same
US5660469A (en) * 1996-08-01 1997-08-26 Seguin; Ronald John Cover unit for an industrial food mixer
CN110481030A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-22 安徽润象新材料科技有限公司 A kind of environment-friendly type wide format steel plastic compount compartment board producing device and its technique
CN110481030B (en) * 2019-07-29 2021-07-16 安徽润象新材料科技有限公司 Environment-friendly wide-width steel-plastic composite carriage board manufacturing device and process

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