DE1168058B - Welding device for joining two hollow body halves, e.g. for Christmas tree balls or the like. - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Boarding school Class: B 29 c

German KL: 39 a2- 19/02

Number: 1168 058

File number: Sch 28131 X / 39 a2

Filing date: July 8, 1960

Opening day: April 16, 1964

The invention relates to the production of hollow bodies from preferably thermoplastic Plastic made from two shell-shaped workpieces or molded parts that are firmly connected to one another are composed.

Such hollow bodies can be used for a wide variety of purposes, especially as jewelry or decorative bodies be used. In particular, the invention relates to the manufacture of Christmas tree balls made of plastic, which are composed of two shell halves.

The known production of plastic hollow bodies from two interconnected shell-shaped Molded parts have various shortcomings, which the production of the often as pronounced Making mass-produced hollow bodies uneconomical. This mainly relates to the manner of the connection between the two cup-shaped halves, which according to known Proposals were often made by means of high-frequency welding. The high frequency welding but has the particular disadvantage that the achievable production output is low. Furthermore it is when using high-frequency welding practically impossible, a clean welded joint to get between the two workpieces or shell-shaped molded parts when this one have very low wall thickness.

This deficiency is also very disadvantageous when the workpieces are made of transparent or transparent material. Another with high-frequency welding at the Production of hollow plastic bodies, in particular Christmas tree balls, is associated with difficulty in that one in view of the desired narrow welding edge on the Christmas tree ball of course, should appear as little as possible, just use a simple weld can. In the case of multiple welding using the high-frequency method, the result is individual welded workpieces or molded parts irregularities, so that, for example the edges are wide on one side of the sphere and narrow on the other. This leads if necessary so far that the edges partially have such a small adhesive surface with each other that the balls burst apart at the slightest pressure, impact or the like.

The invention is now based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages occurring in the known manufacturing method of plastic hollow bodies and in particular the production by extensive welding device for connecting
two hollow body halves, e.g. B. to Christmas tree balls or the like.

Applicant:

Max Schmidt, Ansbach (MFr.), Brauhausstr. 17th

Named as inventor:

Max Schmidt, Ansbach (MFr.)

Make automation very efficient. For this purpose, the invention now proposes a new manufacturing machine, which essentially consists in that a loading chute is provided to which a slotted guide tube, which with a piercing and transport device cooperates, connects; further is a cutting device as well a clamping gripping device for holding the cut hollow bodies for feeding to a Friction welding device provided, consisting of one with adjustable rotational speed upward and downward movable upper part and one fixed or rotatable via an adjustable slip clutch held lower part; furthermore, another clamping gripping device removes the welded hollow body the friction welding device and feeds it to a punch with a receptacle. The mode of action The device unit named in the main components consists essentially in: that the bowl-shaped ones connected in strips Molded parts coated on their edge with a lubricating liquid and then in the loading chute are fed by preferably pneumatic actuation of said cutting device, in which by cutting off the strips, one required for assembling the hollow body Upper and lower part is obtained, after which these parts together with their edges butt against each other are placed on the welding tool lower punch, wherein the welding tool upper punch begins to rotate due to frictional heat and simultaneous pressure on the upper and A weld between these

409 559/521

feed, after which superfluous welding edge is punched out and waste and finished ball are separated get to the ejection. This process is based on the idea of the two hemispherical shells weld them together by means of pressure and heat. The heat creates the thermoplastic raw material soft and welds together automatically.

However, in order to achieve a rational result with this welding device, it is necessary to

the parts, i.e. the upper and lower part of the workpiece, rotate in the welded state.

In order to now, as already known, these objects, which are produced in this welding process, 5 can also be produced easily and cheaply, the aim of the invention is to produce an automatic working overall combination to implement the manufacturing process to create the opposite the known designs have significant advantages

that according to the invention all components and functions can be known. These benefits come with an autotions be placed exactly on top of each other and pre-mats are achieved, which is characterized by

that all work operations for feeding the workpiece up to ejecting the same of several pneumatically steerable individual devices, which

work together zise. So if, for example, the pressure is chosen too high, then they squeeze Edges inevitably through, and a welding process

does not come about. However, if the pressure to 15 is weak individually by a camshaft over several rollers, this way the workpiece is not welded. Lever valves are controlled in such a way that all work operations synchronously by turning a single adjusting wheel clockwise or counterclockwise in any rhythm

Excellent because too little frictional heat develops when the individual workpieces work against one another

will. expire.

However, according to a further invention, this is done with the balls consisting of two semi-hollow parts This feature has been remedied by the fact that the welding is now fully automatic in a changing edge At the moment the tool instructions are printed, the working rhythm is stamped on the belt cut, welded, punched and ejected a ridge on the lower die. Of the or other notches. Through this loading drive is carried out by a motor, which the eleks special Training, namely that the two welding 25 Irish control causes, at the same time the rings, which weld the two workpieces together with the pneumatic functions over several individual compressed air cylinders connected with corrugated recesses forms are, results to be executed after heating the cam.

Workpiece has a strong holding strength, since the other advantages result from the fact that the

individual toothed workpiece edges mesh with one another 30 feeding is carried out by means of a cross support,

and stick tightly together. All this sweat- the both a transverse and a longitudinal movement

In addition, the process must still perform the rotational speed, one being attached to the support

adjust the quality to ensure a flawless end product fork or gripper through a slotted guide

to achieve. the pipe, which is preferably arranged in strips

The process is carried out in such a way that 35 pieces are detected and moved towards the downstream that, for example, a workpiece with loose upper cutting device moves out, which between and lower part, which are hemispherical in shape, the exit of the guide tube and the next into it the tool is inserted, then arranged by means of a clamping gripper located on it. fast rotating tool upper part the upper part of the order a permanent deformation of the finished The workpiece, set in rapid rotation 40 object, which is caused by excessive pressure. And it is important to avoid friction by means of friction, which could be caused in particular by the gear teeth the welding rings favors, partly on the lower part, the Christmas ball with an inconspicuous of the workpiece is pressed. By thus de- drilling, which for a constant, on standing frictional heat takes place, the aforementioned air melting, which acts on the inner and outer surface of the sphere of the two workpieces, namely upper pressure. This hole is achieved by and lower part, into each other. that with the transport of the workpieces in rhythm

However, in order to ensure a flawless welding process in the production process, a grooving tool is used, To achieve this, it is necessary to use the top or the un- It is also advantageous to use the Christmas tere Equip the workpiece beforehand with a lubricating fluid ball with a hanger. This rebellion to be smeared in order not to hanger the weld, however, requires an opening in the hollow one point, but evenly over the entire body wall, around the object accordingly To allow welding edges of the workpieces. to be able to attach. The making of this opening The production of such objects allows naturally carried out in such a way that an electrically heated, lent, instead of two hollow spheres, the production was also controlled by a thermostat, pneumatically operated figurative half-hollow parts of any kind as well as the knives or the like arranged on a device unit of hemispheres or figurative hemisphere, which is each hemisphere at the top parts, which to increase the decorative effect vertex with an opening for inserting the on one side, preferably on the inside, me- hangers.

are tallized. In this case, of course, the work must be The individual transport or work operations

The material of the molded parts is transparent or transparent - 60 of this overall combination are further characterized by

be colored. by the fact that the clamping gripping device has two

For a perfect welding it is specially designed gripper jaws as well as one the required that in the lower part of the welding work ram, making it by means of a pneumatic train a slip clutch is arranged, which see drive and by means of a roller on a a precisely set order of magnitude that distributes the lower cam horizontally and upwards and downwards of the welding tool initially holds. First is slidably guided. The workpiece is in when the adhesion of the upper and lower part is so great the lower welding tool is inserted. This got clamped is that it overcomes the slip clutch, the gripping device is now specifically designed

5 6

det that you can put the following work operations inoperative in any way. With the same lock

The purpose of adjustment is through the roller lever valves of the camshaft across the center of the welding

in a clear rhythm: arranged in the direction of a light safety barrier,

a) Detection of the workpiece by two moving photocells of this light barrier Clamping gripper, 5 desired moving together of the welding tools

b) Prevent moving forward in the direction of the welding device - automatically if there is no workpiece tion, weld lies between the welding rings.

c) Vertical movement upwards through the insertion It has been found to be very advantageous that effect of the cam, inside the upper or lower part of the welding tool

d) Vertical movement downwards, also causes a resilient padding for the workpiece if provided by the cam. As already indicated, that is

e) Opening the clamping grippers to release the entire system, not just for Christmas balls or Workpiece and its insertion into the only intended for spherical bodies, son welding tool lower part, such facilities also form the preconditions

f) Return of the clamping gripper to the initial setting for the hollow body of each other position by disengaging the cam by means of a shape, such as elliptical or onion-shaped structures, a side slide. can be edited. Thus, the pre-

The vertical movements are controlled by a direction for all similar welding and punching

Brought about ram, which work on the cam disc, in which hollow bodies are used, is guided with a roller, the pneumatic 20 whose welding edges are circular.

Drive piston arranged horizontally and with a To the device according to the invention with all

Plate is connected. The core of the total individual components and elements in its special

combination forms the welding device, to explain the design in more detail and to

consisting of an upper part and a lower part, with the clearest possible picture of the

to get a coupling element in the lower part and a working method that can be carried out in the upper part,

and lower part each have a corrugated welding ring arranged in the drawings a series of perspective

net is. The upper part of the welding tool is illustrated in regulating representations. So shows

speed of rotation pneumatically up and down- F i g. 1 a finished piece of

Movable inwards and welded by means of pressure and welded Christmas balls,

with the addition of the coated lubricant 30 F i g. 2 and 3 stacked workpieces in

the two workpiece halves at their edge parts. Strip shape before laying on top of each other,

The welding device is followed by a further clamping F i g. 4 the workpiece strips placed one on top of the other

gripping device in such a way that it

welded together workpiece by means of the gripper F i g. 5 a Christmas ball according to FIG. 1 without

jaw removes 35 edge hangers from the lower part of the welding tool, but with a vertex hole for

and insert it into the punching tool, whereby the gripper would take a hanging loop,

element vertical movements up and down F i g. 6 the entire system,

and a rotary movement in the radial direction according to FIG. 7 a plan view of the entire system, partly

right and left, d. H. in the direction of the punching device in section,

or welding device executes. 40 Fig. 8 the control shaft with cams and

Is the transport function for these pinch-grip roller lever valves,

device terminated, comes a likewise through F i g. 9 the slotted guide tube for the compressed air Punch-controlled feeding of the workpiece strips that can be controlled via the camshaft according to FIG tool to the effect, which the gripper F i g. 4,

bake in the punching tool inserted workpiece 45 Fig. 10 the cross support with puncture needle and

separates from superfluous edge areas. Feed jaws,

Compressed air supplied via a nozzle, now Fig. 11, blows the cutting device, finished ball over a sorting device, in which F i g. 12 the clamping gripping device for holding the workpiece from the punched edges finally of the cut hollow body and separates. 50 Fig. 13 another clamping gripping device for The structure of the automatic machine allows removal of the welded hollow body and recognition, that it can lead to the punch from an upper part with a twist.

The device units shown can be used in

Menten-equipped spindle head and a box-a fully automated production of the

like base part, in which the latter brought the 55 hollow body enabling connection

Camshaft with the roller lever valves, which are electric, with the semi-finished and finished products in front

see switching elements as well as the controllable Ge and after processing from the F i g. 1 to 5

drive motor and the one from the outside on the control panel.

store adjustable regulating valve, in which the Christmas ball 1 is known to consist of

likewise the pneumatic elements for ⁶ ° of an upper and lower half 2, 3, which in such a way

the individual devices of the overall combination are welded together so that a welding edge 4

are housed. arises. With 5 a small opening can be seen,

In order to ensure the proper functioning of the individual, which is intended to ensure a possible and

elements can be reached at any time, but there are also obvious denting of the very thin spherical walls.

several safety precautions have been taken, namely 65 to compensate for this by regulating the air,

for example, in such a way that at the ends of the lead from the originally coherent, made of foils

pipe a microswitch with adhesive arranged existing workpiece strips 6 and 7 are several

is in order to prevent the separating device from being conveyed, preferably in a high vacuum

balls, which later form the ball halves 2, 3, formed. These two workpiece strips 6 and 7 are, as shown in FIG. 4 can be seen, placed on top of one another at the front and inserted in the direction of arrow 8 into the loading chute of the machine. Instead of a suspension eyelet formed from a welding rim (Fig. 1), it is possible to attach a vertex opening 2 α , which allows any hanger to be inserted.

or 7 and touches this. As a result of the movement of the piston rod 35, the plate 32 is displaced in the direction of the arrow 38, the plunger 28 simultaneously moving in the direction of the already mentioned arrow 27 lifted by the positive connection of star wheel 29 and cam 30. The bridging one and the workpiece-conveying, reciprocal movement of the overall clamping gripping device 21 continues until as long as the subsequent transport of further workpiece strips

The congruent stacking of the workpiece owing to their constant reloading in the loading chute 9 Strips 6 and 7 are now guaranteed in the loading chute 9.

The center of the forms according to the invention

sets, which opens into a slotted guide tube 10 such that the first conveyor element in Form of a cross support (Fig. 10) the automatic Initiates further transport of the workpieces.

The piercing and transporting device 11 now has to fulfill the following task: The piercing needle 12 as a result of support thrust - arrow 13 - drills through the wall of the unwelded ball and behind

slidable and has cutting wheels 19 and 20 equipped with scissor action in the area of the working side on, which shortens the previously unabridged workpiece strips 6, 7 piece by piece.

After the cutting process, the clamping gripping device 21 comes - in FIG. 12 in the enlarged Scale shown - for use, namely by means of the two pneumatically actuated claws 22, 22 a,

The overall combination forms the welding device 39 - FIG. 7 -, consisting of the upper part of the welding tool or upper press die 40 and a welding tool lower part or lower die 41. The latter is connected to a slip clutch 42, which is for a precisely precalculated and adjustable Moment the welding tool lower part 41

leaves the aforementioned opening 5 for air compensation. 20 holds or prevents it from rotating. The essence of the The transport jaws 14 end with grippers 17, welding process is that the two hemispherical shells 2, 3 protrude into the laterally slotted guide tube 10 by means of pressure and heat and the workpiece 6, 7 by a ball distance at the edge parts 4 firmly unite, so that both halves are welded together in the direction of arrow 15 to the cutting device. Because it is 16 promote. At the end of the guide tube 10 there is a microswitch material, not shown in the drawing, essentially of the thermoplastic material used here, that this, when Reiderart is used, is arranged so that the subsequent cutting heat with the other part of the body can initially be automatically deactivated, softened and deactivated then welded,
when the passage of the workpiece 6, 7 inhibits. It goes without saying that the manufacturing

The cutting device 16 is also set in the opposite direction to the illustrated and combined Vonich lying directions of the pillar 18 distribution unit to overcome certain difficulties

has, which in particular consist in the fact that all components must be placed exactly on each other, so that z. B. the pressure of the two welding tool parts on each other must not be too strong, otherwise the edges of the finished product will push through. But on the other hand, the pressure z. B. too weak, then the workpiece does not weld or does not weld evenly, because there is too little frictional heat which can be tilted about the axes 23, 23 α and 40 can form when rotating the individual workpieces, through pressure springs 24 or 24 a in the key So here was remedied in such a way that lung are brought. The clamping gripping device 21 the welding rings 40a, 41a, which both works in such a way that on the one hand they are welded, toothed or corrugated to a single edge portion 4 by means of the piston 26 actuated in the direction of arrow 25. Pair of claws 22, 22 a for gripping the individual 45. This results after welding of the workpieces is spread and that on the other hand, the workpieces 6, 7 a particularly intimate connection

and long-term durability of the same, because the individual toothed, overlapping workpiece edges form anchored in each other and firmly stick to each other.

Another problem had to be solved with the precise fixation of the rotational speed of which it also depends on whether there is a perfect and clean weld with the named

provided housing 33 is stored. The 55 facilities according to arrow 34 can be carried out. The process of fully effective displaceability begins in such a way that the two-part work of the pneumatically actuated piston piece 6, 7 is introduced into the welding tool 39, rod 35 Direction 21 in the starting position, i.e. in the direction of the rotatable upper tool part 40, the workpiece arrow 35 α not to prevent, the curve 60 upper part 6 is detected, set in rapid rotation and disk 30 by means of an articulated further piston by means of friction on the workpiece lower part 7 is pressed rod 36 or is pneumatic by means of a lateral slide. The resulting frictional heat is disengaged. The working process of the clamping causes the uniform fusing of the two gripping devices in detail as follows: Workpiece edges into one another. However, the piston 26 is not pressurized correctly via a line 37, as desired, and moves in the direction of the arrow, if not as an additional aid 25. In doing so, it inevitably opens the two a lubricating liquid on the inner edges claws 22, 22 a for receiving the workpiece 6 one of the workpiece parts 6 or 7 would be added. These

entire gripper mechanism by a plunger 28 in cooperation with a star wheel 29 and a Cam 30 is initially adjustable in height and depth.

For this purpose, the plunger 28 is also guided in a tube 31, which alternates vertically on a horizontal plane out in the direction of arrow 34 displaceable plate 32, the latter in a rail guide

Liquid acts as a weld inhibitor and causes the weld to be uniform over the entire welding edge parts of the two workpieces takes place away.

The already mentioned slip clutch 42 in the welding tool lower part 41 falls here in detail the following task to:

The slip clutch 42 stops the rotation of the welding tool lower part 41 for an initial moment in spite of the rotational movement of the upper part 40 of the welding tool and the tightly fitting edge of the workpiece. The overcoming of the slip clutch 42 through the ever faster rotation of the welding tool upper part 40 is only achieved when the adhesion of the upper and lower part has become so great, through partial welding of the workpieces 6, 7 that lie on top of one another, that the lower tool part 41 with the half-shell 3 located therein from the overlying welding tool upper part 40 or from the upper half-shell 2 is taken along ao. For this purpose, the slip clutch 42 can be set as desired, depending on which foil material or which foil thickness or which ball size is to be processed.

After the welding process, in the direction of the production process, the finished ball is punched out of the remaining edge areas by means of a punching device 44. The bridge between the welding and punching device is formed by a further clamping gripping device 43 - FIG. 13 -. The latter performs a circular arc movement, previously grasped the edge portion of the welded ball 1 with the claw parts, lifts it out of the welding tool lower part 41 after the upper ram 40 retracts vertically upwards again and places the ball 1 in the punching tool 44 Circular pivoting of the clamping gripping device 43 is made possible by a pneumatically actuated piston rod 45 which is articulated to a lever rod 46, which in turn imparts the radial movement of the axis 47.

The workpiece to be processed is then automatically punched out in the punching device 44, with apart from a narrow, circumferential one that ensures a permanent connection of the half-shells Edge the remaining edge areas can be separated cleanly. After take-off, compressed air is used of the punching device 44 blown the end product over a sorting device, over which the The ball finally separates from the punched-out waste parts, with the ball 1 in the receptacle 48 and the die-cuts representing waste fall into an adjacent container.

The structure of the overall combination described above for automatic welding and punching for example of Christmas balls or the like. So basically consists of a machine head I and a machine lower part II. The upper part I carries the headstock, which the welding tool upper part 40 picks up. The spindle can be set to various speeds in just a few simple steps and moves vertically up and down with the welding tool top 40.

The machine base II of the overall combination consists of a box-shaped structure on which all electrical and pneumatic elements are housed. It contains the loading chute 9, the slotted guide tube 10, the piercing and transport device 11, the cutting device 16, the Clamping gripping devices 21 and 43, the welding tool lower part 41 with slip clutch 42, the Punching device 44 with the ejectors and the receptacle 48.

All work processes and operations of the individual devices are carried out by the camshaft 49 - Fig. 8 - with the roller lever valves arranged thereon 50 accomplished and controlled. For the usual control of the automatic process, there are suitable ones Place the corresponding fittings on a switchboard 51 with the front of the system Actuating or operating buttons 52 arranged, each of the many individual valves 50 having its own Having adjusting device. It is therefore possible and even for a proper manufacturing process It is essential that the valves can be adjusted or readjusted if necessary without affecting the structure the combination, even larger or more complicated interventions have to be carried out.

The central drive is expediently accomplished by a gear motor, which advantageously can be regulated by actuating an easily accessible and handy adjusting wheel 53. Since all Valves are arranged synchronously, a simple turn to the right or left is sufficient to set the speed accelerate or decelerate all valves evenly.

In order to ultimately also take sufficient account of safety, as shown in FIG. 7, photocells 54, 55 installed, which welding tool upper part 40 and welding tool lower part 41 at the joint prevent workpieces 6, 7 from being blocked due to a possible transport inhibition the welding tool lower part 41 should be located.

The mechanism of the centrally controlled individual devices also provides that after each The work cycle is the evacuation of the compressed air from the cylinders and the return of the tool and transport units is promoted or accelerated in the starting position by means of spring elements.

Claims (8)

Patent claims: 1. Welding device for connecting two hollow body halves, e.g. B. to Christmas tree balls thermoplastic plastic films, which have a vapor-deposited metal coating on the inside, by means of Frictional heat, the welding device on the one hand consisting of a fluted edge recesses provided, fixed and on the other hand a rotating part and after welding by a slip clutch the welding point comes to a standstill, characterized in that a loading chute (9) is provided to which a slotted guide tube (10), which is provided with a piercing and Transport device (11) cooperates, connects; a cutting device (16) and a clamping gripping device (21) for holding the cut hollow bodies and for feeding to the friction welding device, consisting of one with adjustable rotational speed upwardly and downwardly movable upper part (40) and one held in a fixed or rotatable manner via an adjustable slip clutch Lower part (41); another clamping gripping device (43) for removing the welded hollow . . . - ^J -C9 559/521 body and feed to a punch (44) with receptacle (48). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gripping device (21) has two movably designed gripper jaws (22, 22 a) and a plunger (28), whereby it by means of a pneumatic drive (35, 36) and by means of a roller (29) on a cam (30) is guided horizontally and slidably up and down. 3. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping gripping device (43) Move up and down and turn right and left can and that all movements can be controlled pneumatically. 4. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the punch (44) the punched hollow body (1) by compressed air into a receptacle (48), separated from the Punching wheels, ejects. 5. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the upper part (40) or lower part (41) is provided with padding. 6. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piercing and the Transport device (11) an electrically heated and pneumatically adjustable by a thermostat has actuatable puncture needle (12). 7. Welding device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the individual devices (11, 16, 21, 40, 41, 43 and 44) can be operated pneumatically together and individually via a camshaft (49) and roller lever valves (50) are controllable and that all devices by Clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of a single setting wheel (53) synchronously at any speed expire. 8. Welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part (41) a light safety barrier is assigned which has photocells (54, 55) that move together prevent the welding device automatically if there are no hollow body halves (6, 7) in the Lower part (41). Considered publications:
German patents No. 849 481, 814211,
793; German utility model No. 1735 319;
U.S. Patent No. 2,853,118. 1 sheet of drawings «9 559/521 4.64 Bundesdruckerei Berlin