US2847540A - Device for extinguishing electrical arcs - Google Patents

Device for extinguishing electrical arcs Download PDF

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Publication number
US2847540A
US2847540A US621761A US62176156A US2847540A US 2847540 A US2847540 A US 2847540A US 621761 A US621761 A US 621761A US 62176156 A US62176156 A US 62176156A US 2847540 A US2847540 A US 2847540A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
arc
chamber
arcs
extinguishing
horns
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US621761A
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English (en)
Inventor
Pfeiffer Adolf
Fehling Heinz
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of US2847540A publication Critical patent/US2847540A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/341—Barrier plates carrying electrodes

Definitions

  • this invention relates to a method and an apparatus for extinguishing electrical arcs, particularly D. C. current arcs produced in electric switches.
  • the arc ignition chamber on the one hand and the arc extinction chamber 'on the other hand are located parallel to each other.
  • other arrangements are known wherein a chamber has orthogonally arranged ignition and extinction planes (see the patent to Latour, 2,668,890). The advantage of this arrangement resides in the fact that the apparatus can be made much smaller than according to the usual arrangement.
  • the natural magnetic field of the arc plays an important part in continuing the movement of the arc. While this may be sufficient where the individual chambers are extremely small, the effect of the natural magnetic field of the arc is almost negligible with widely dispersed partial.
  • D. C. current arcs of D. C. current.
  • D. C. current arcs are much more stable and therefore more diflicult to extinguish than A. C. current arcs where the point of reversal at zero leads to a de-ionization of the discharge space and thus favors the process of extinguishing the are.
  • D. C. current arcs produced in high efiiciency switches can be controlled and finally extinguished'only by having a recourse to magnetic fields. This "ice is even more important where the are must be extinguished in a predetermined period, as in high voltage switches.
  • the magnetic blow-out effect should not exceed a certain amount, particularly during the last stages of the treatment of the arc and before the latter breaks, in order to avoid excess voltages which could damage the installation, as, for example, the Winding of an electric apparatus etc.
  • the initial blowing force is stepped up so as to blow the arc into the extinction chamber but not to participate in the extinguishing process proper.
  • the arc Once the arc has entered the extinction chamber, it is influenced by an additional blowing, which is quite often initiated by the arc itself by its proper effect of division.
  • the blowing exerted upon the arc during this stage of the process must be as effective as possible while at the same time avoiding any abrupt and harsh effects.
  • This additional blowing process is particularly important for high voltage switching, and especially if high voltage D. C. currents (3 kv.) are to be switched oil.
  • the U-shaped horns are made relatively short compared with the total wall of the chamber, in order to allow for the development of the process of prolongation of the are which sets in immediately after the process just described.
  • the projection of the U-shaped horn into the transverse plane assumes the shape of a V (see Figure 3). This makes possible a deviation of the entire are after leaving the ignition chamber and upon entering the extinction chamber. Thereafter, the single partial arcs face each other in a uniformly directed and unstable manner.
  • the arc chamber of the present invention which is particularly suitable for treating and rapidly extinguishing D. C. current arcs.
  • the peculiar feature of the present invention consists in an arrangement whereby the arcs are received in the extinction chambers as partial arcs each having an opposed direction relative to the respective adjoining partial arcs.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the course of the arc according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the arc guiding horns known in the art.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the arc chamber comprising the partial chambers and the arc guiding horns of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a lateral view of the chamber shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the chamber shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the iron legs embracing the ignition chamber of the apparatus of the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the arc transfer by a supplemental blow-out effect.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the integral apparatus of the invention.
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises the ignition chamber 1 and the partial extinction chambers 2 arranged vertically relative to the ignition chamber.
  • the ignition chamber 1 is embraced by two iron legs 3 and serves for producing sufiiciently strong stray fields by influencing the two horns 4 and 5.
  • the two connecting yokes 6 and 7 extend into the free space underneath the arc horns and are inserted into the isolating base plate 8 which is, in turn, fastened to the switch.
  • the base plate 3 supports the Walls 9 of a casing enclosing both the ignition chamber 1 and the partial extinction chambers 2 above the former.
  • the switches will be mostly of the one pole type (quick-break switches) having a fixed contact K1 and movable contact K2 fulcrumed at L.
  • Two protective plates 10 and 11 consisting of an are proof material as, for instance Micalex are arranged adjacent these two contacts. The two plates are held at a predetermined distance from each other in the base plate 8 and screen the are particularly at its originating points from the other parts of the switch.
  • the plates 14) and 11 are thus not mounted at the chamber casing proper, but are connected with the switch and therefore enjoy a longer life time.
  • the various separating walls 12 of the chamber consist of hollow bodies so as to allow for a mounting of the blow-out iron 16 within the same.
  • the separating walls 12 are formed by two spacing strips 13, 13 consisting, for example, of hard paper, resting on a lower supporting part 14 of ceramic material, and supporting spacedly two wall plates 15, 15. These individual elements are mounted and fastened together by conventional screw or adhesive means commonly used for assembling known are chambers.
  • the blow-out irons 16 are inserted into the separating hollow space 17 in the form of individual single sheets and can thus be arranged in layers. By omitting one or several of the sheets eventually constituting the layer forming a blow-out iron 16, the strength of the supplemental blow-out effect can be varied. Such regulation is particularly important in order to achieve an equal and uniform distribution of the are over the entire extinguishing chamber.
  • the are horns 19 are arranged in couples and parallel to each other on both sides of the walls of the chamber. They are mutually connected and form a U-shaped configuration.
  • the chamber is provided with two handles 18 at its front sides. By means of these handles the chamber can be removed and replaced especially during a control of the contacts of the switch (not shown).
  • the partial extinguishing chambers 2 can be further subdivided in a vertical direction by intermediary metal electrodes 20 allowing for an additional de-ionization.
  • intermediary metal electrodes 20 On account of the considerable heat capacity of the intermediary metalelectrodes the arc is cooled and de-ionized faster than usually and the duration of the arc is accordingly shortened.
  • the arc chamber can take care of a far greater number of switching operations.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention is of the bi-filar type and there must be a screen for every single partial arc in order to obtain a sufliciently strong stray field by the superpositioning of the vertical component of the natural magnetic fields, as will be seen from Figures 2, 4, 5, 8 of the drawings.
  • a device for extingushing electrical arcs composed of an arc ignition chamber and a plurality of arc extinguishing chambers
  • the improved device as described in claim 2 further comprising a base plate bearing said iron legs, and a pair of protective plates of are proof material, said protective plates being exclusively mounted in, and connected to the base plate of the arc extinguishing device intermediate said iron legs so as to laterally confine the ignition chamber of said are extinguishing device.
  • An improved method for extinguishing electrical arcs comprising the step of dividing the are into a plurality of partial arcs having a transverse direction relative to the course of the unidivided arc and each partial 5 ity of partial arcs and de-ionizing the subdivided portions of the partial arc.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US621761A 1955-11-10 1956-11-13 Device for extinguishing electrical arcs Expired - Lifetime US2847540A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL23391A DE1064589B (de) 1955-11-10 1955-11-10 Elektrischer Schalter mit Lichtbogenloeschkammer und mit magnetischer Blasung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2847540A true US2847540A (en) 1958-08-12

Family

ID=7262706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US621761A Expired - Lifetime US2847540A (en) 1955-11-10 1956-11-13 Device for extinguishing electrical arcs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2847540A (fr)
DE (1) DE1064589B (fr)
FR (1) FR1165481A (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3033961A (en) * 1960-05-04 1962-05-08 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Serpentine corrugated arc product coolers
US3086098A (en) * 1959-03-10 1963-04-16 Acec Circuit interrupter
US3127490A (en) * 1960-07-01 1964-03-31 Merlin Gerin Extinguishing device for electrical arcs
US3178544A (en) * 1961-10-09 1965-04-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric switch with arc extinction in air and with magnetic blasting
US3210504A (en) * 1960-07-01 1965-10-05 Latour Andre Extinguishing device for electrical arcs comprising a plurality of insulating plates
US3235693A (en) * 1960-07-01 1966-02-15 Merlin Gerin Extinguishing device for electrical arcs comprising parallel insulating plates
US3495056A (en) * 1965-07-22 1970-02-10 Ite Imperial Corp Current limiting interrupter with arc-inserted non-linear resistors
US5066839A (en) * 1989-01-10 1991-11-19 Gec Alsthom Sa High or medium tension circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2468987A1 (fr) * 1979-10-31 1981-05-08 Alsthom Atlantique Dispositif de refroidissement d'arc electrique pour cheminees d'appareils de coupure

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH253098A (de) * 1946-07-29 1948-02-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hörnerschalter mit Funkenkammer.
US2564178A (en) * 1945-06-08 1951-08-14 Howard M Strobel Deion circuit breaker
US2668980A (en) * 1950-10-02 1954-02-16 Claude B Eaton Garage door opening means
US2707739A (en) * 1949-10-13 1955-05-03 Merlin Gerin Extinguishing device for electrical arcs

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE898019C (de) * 1931-10-27 1953-11-26 Siemens Ag Loeschblechpaketanordnung fuer Schalter
CH165267A (de) * 1932-07-29 1933-11-15 Oerlikon Maschf Einrichtung für die Lichtbogenlöschung bei Schaltern mit Hörnerelektroden.
DE598048C (de) * 1932-08-31 1934-06-04 Otto Naef Schaltapparat mit Lichtbogenloeschung durch magnetische Blasung
DE682650C (de) * 1937-07-13 1939-10-20 Aeg Magnetische Lichtbogenloescheinrichtung
US2293513A (en) * 1939-10-11 1942-08-18 Gen Electric Electric air circuit breaker
DE761228C (de) * 1941-05-22 1953-02-16 Aeg Elektrischer Stromunterbrecher fuer hochgespannten Gleichstrom, insbesondere Schalter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564178A (en) * 1945-06-08 1951-08-14 Howard M Strobel Deion circuit breaker
CH253098A (de) * 1946-07-29 1948-02-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hörnerschalter mit Funkenkammer.
US2707739A (en) * 1949-10-13 1955-05-03 Merlin Gerin Extinguishing device for electrical arcs
US2668980A (en) * 1950-10-02 1954-02-16 Claude B Eaton Garage door opening means

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3086098A (en) * 1959-03-10 1963-04-16 Acec Circuit interrupter
US3033961A (en) * 1960-05-04 1962-05-08 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Serpentine corrugated arc product coolers
US3127490A (en) * 1960-07-01 1964-03-31 Merlin Gerin Extinguishing device for electrical arcs
US3210504A (en) * 1960-07-01 1965-10-05 Latour Andre Extinguishing device for electrical arcs comprising a plurality of insulating plates
US3235693A (en) * 1960-07-01 1966-02-15 Merlin Gerin Extinguishing device for electrical arcs comprising parallel insulating plates
US3178544A (en) * 1961-10-09 1965-04-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric switch with arc extinction in air and with magnetic blasting
US3495056A (en) * 1965-07-22 1970-02-10 Ite Imperial Corp Current limiting interrupter with arc-inserted non-linear resistors
US5066839A (en) * 1989-01-10 1991-11-19 Gec Alsthom Sa High or medium tension circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1165481A (fr) 1958-10-27
DE1064589B (de) 1959-09-03

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