US2844017A - Method and apparatus for making a fabric - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making a fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
US2844017A
US2844017A US521334A US52133455A US2844017A US 2844017 A US2844017 A US 2844017A US 521334 A US521334 A US 521334A US 52133455 A US52133455 A US 52133455A US 2844017 A US2844017 A US 2844017A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filling
thread
threads
crocheting
needles
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Expired - Lifetime
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US521334A
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English (en)
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Dittrich Rudolf
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Individual
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B33/00—Crocheting tools or apparatus

Definitions

  • the warp-threads arecrocheted into strands which extend vertically in the material and form-the basis: for the finished crocheted goods.
  • the filling threadsi incorporate the separate crocheted warp threads tozforrn. a continuous gfa-bric.
  • Stitch-forming .imachines e. g, crochet-Galen machines
  • Stitch-forming .imachines produce very durable finished goods with an especially clear background because of the tight incorporation of the filling; threads into the separate stitches of-the warp threads. Further these machines are considerably cheaper, incostand operation than the bobbin machines. -.On the other hand, only very simple crocheted patterns can-beproduced-on the conventional stitchforming machines. The possibility to produce a variety ofipatternsand the facilities toimprove the finesse of the crocheted goods is rather limited.
  • the control of the rods for the filling threads in modern -crocheting machines is effected by means of a chain. .
  • the type of the pattern determines the length oid-the chain, which on. account of its own .weight must notexceed a certain-length.
  • the gnidestor the pat-ternrthread are arranged onthe filling thread .rodsor. pattern rods .according to the pattern; they guide the pattern thread continuously throughv the-curtain. Even though the pattern for the particularthread guide may be ,finished, :the pattern thread-.continuesinthe crochetedstitch until it resumes its pattern. This reinforcement of the crocheted stitch fiauses undesirable threads from one pattern detailto the next, which threads are in no way connected with the pattern .andhence result in a blurred impression of the not patterned section ,ofithe ,fabric.
  • the pattern threads should be idle as little as possible; Therefore, continuous patterns are preferred for.,-.crocheting.-Galon ,.curtains. 1
  • the crocheting needles may be arranged closer to one another in a row :and thereby produce a denser background pattern. According to this propoisition there is, similar to the previously known machines with up and down moving guides for the fi'llingthreads, only little space available above the crocheting needles. Hence the number-of filling thread rods that maybe providedfor the decorative threads with. which the decorative pattern is-.created is limited to five.
  • the thread positioning fingers operating in the space between two adjacent crocheting needles have no hooks and are-arranged above the crochet ing needles a'nd behind theplane of the filling threads.
  • the thread positioning fingers engage the'filling threads :irom the upper rear and position them below the plane of the'crocheti-ng needles.
  • theispace infront of the thread guides :of the-filling threads for the background pattern is unoccupied.
  • Con sid'erably morerails' for the decorative filling threads can be arranged in this" unoccupied space.
  • These rails may be arranged in a circle, i. e. the same distance from the incorporating points of the decorative threads. This provides the possibility to produce finished goods of varied patterns .on a fine background. However, all patterns are continuous and have narrow Widthof rapport.
  • the present invention proceedsffronithe last'mentioned suggestion. It is an object of the present invention not only to provide crocheted fabricsw-ith any desired pat- -tern,-as is done by the known stitch-forming machines with Jacquard controlled filling-thread guides, but to provide such goods with a net-like background of practically any desired dens'enessandlany. desired structure.
  • the present invention introduces pencils which are controlled 'by a Jacquard apparatus; These pencils iare arranged above thei pl'ane of the crocheting needles and movable backward :and forward along their lengths.
  • a Iailw carries these pencils.
  • This-rail is reciprocated at the-same rhythm as the rail for the filling thread guides. It can be' horizontally displaced at right angles to the lengthof the .crocheting needles and vbya distance equal to the spacing of three Crocheting needles.
  • each filling thread has associated therewith a thread positioning finger temporarily locating the thread below the plane of the crocheting needles and a pencil controlled by a Jacquard apparatus, which pencil. does not engage the "thread in its normal position.
  • each filling thread designated for a predetermined pattern is not positioned by the associated thread positioning finger under a central crocheting needle but is positioned by an adjacent thread positioning finger under a crocheting needle to the right or to the left of the central needle.
  • the central and either the right or the left needle simultaneously incorporate the laterally deflected filling thread into the stitches of two adjacent warp threads.
  • the method according to the present invention is as follows:
  • the movement of the rail or rails carrying the guides for the filling threads is so adjusted that after completion of the lower field boundary the filling thread is wound around the associated warp thread and after completion of the desired height of the field is incorporated into an adjacent warp thread to produce the upper boundary of the field.
  • the filling thread S associated with a warp thread K, may, for instance, be deflected so far to the right by its Jacquard-controlled pencil that the right thread positioningfinger positions it under the crocheting needle associated with the next adjacent warp thread to the right.
  • the guides for the filling threads may be arranged on several rails movable parallel with respect to one another and at right angles to the length of the crocheting needles.
  • the Jacquard-controlled pencils affect only those filling threads in such an arrangement which belong to a rail or rails designed for the formation of the pattern.
  • the remaining rail or rails are so controlled, also in a known manner, that the associated filling threads form the background pattern in cooperation with the warp threads.
  • any desired net-like background pattern by means of the positioning fingers engaging the last mentioned filling threads.
  • any desired pattern for instance separate flowers, may be produced by means of the filling threads controlled by the remaining rails, corresponding to the given maximum displacement of the filling thread guide of the stitch-producing machine.
  • the method according to the present invention may be further extended by arranging several rows of Jacquard-controlled pencils.
  • Preferably two such rows are positioned as mirror images, i. e., on opposite sides of the vertical planes formed by the filling threads, which rows are moved in opposite directions.
  • the pencils of each row displace the filling threads guided by a separate rail.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of the warp and filling thread guides
  • Figs. 2 to 5 are front views of the filling thread guides at ditferent positions of its cooperating parts.
  • K designates a warp thread and S two filling threads.
  • Two filling thread guides 1 for the filling threads are attached by means of holders 2 to rails 3.
  • the rails 3 are arranged above a crocheting needle 9 and can be displaced horizontally and at right angles to the length of the crocheting needle 9 by a distance equal to double the crocheting needle spacing either to the right or to the left of its central undisplaced position.
  • In front of the vertical planes formed by the filling threads S which slide through the filling thread guides 1 and immediately below the filling thread guides 1 and also above the horizontal plane of the crocheting needles 9 are located pencils 4. The number of these pencils is equal to the number of filling threads S.
  • Rails 5 carry the pencils 4.
  • the rails 5 reciprocate at the same rhythm as the rails 3 for the filling thread guides 1 horizontally and at right angles to the lengths of the crocheting needles but with a displacement equal to triple the crocheting needle spacing either to the right or to the left of its central or undisplaced position.
  • Each pencil 4 is surrounded by a spring 6 inside the rail 5. The spring 6 tends to force the associated pencil 4 by means of a collar 7 to the right, i.,e. between the filling threadsS.
  • the pencils 4 are retained in their rest position by strings 8 from a Jacquard apparatus against the action of the springs 6; in the rest position, the pencils 6 can not engage the filling threads S. If a string 8 releases the associated pencil 4, the pencil 4 is jumped forward by its associated spring 6 between the filling threads S. The pencil 4 will then displace the associated filling thread S depending on the position of the rail 5 to the right or to the left.
  • each filling thread S has associated therewith a thread positioning finger 10 which may depress the filling thread below the horizontal plane of the crocheting needles 9.
  • the fingers 10 which have no hooks are placed on a common shaft 11 and can rotate as indicated by the section of a circle.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the shaft 11 in its operative position, i. e., in the position in which the thread positioning finger 10 positions the associated filling threads S below the plane of the crocheting needles 9.
  • the J acquard apparatus releases the .pencil 4 associated with the filling thread 1. Thereafter'the rail 5 will be moved to the right and thefiprojecting pencil 4 forcesthe filling thread S so far to .the right,that the thread S is engaged simultaneously with the adjacent thread S by the thread positioning finger 10a associated with S Since the filling threads S and S are positioned below the plane of the crocheting needles 9 (Fig. 5), the filling thread S and the filling thread S are both placed under the crocheting needle 9a, associated with the filling thread S The two adjacent needles 9 and 9a can now incorporate the filling thread S in two adjacent warp thread strands K and K whereby an incorporation is accomplished.
  • the stitch-forming crocheting Galon machine comprises two rails 3 for the filling thread guides 1 and only two rows or series of Jacquard-controlled pencils 4.
  • a method for the production of arbitrarily patterned textiles having crocheted warp threads comprising the steps of aligning a row of crocheting needles in a horizontal plane, guiding each warp thread and each crocheting needle to engage the thread and to crochet it into a strand, arranging a series of filling thread guides on a common carrier, slidingly attaching one filling thread to each of said guides, said filling threads extending in a vertical plane, horizontally moving said common carrier with a reciprocating motion at right angles to the length of the crocheting needles, temporarily positioning the filling threads under the plane of the crocheting needles, and additionally displacing a selected sequence of the filling threads at a predetermined rhythm by predetermined amounts.
  • a method for the production of arbitrarily patterned textiles, and in particular of curtain fabrics, on stitchproducing machines, for instance crocheting-Galen machines comprising the steps of aligning a row of crocheting needles in a horizontal plane, guiding each warp thread and each crocheting needle to engage the thread and to crochet it into a strand, arranging a series of filling thread guides, each carrying one filling thread, above this plane, horizontally moving said guides with a reciprocating motion to the left and right of the associated crocheting needle, positioning the filling threads under the plane of the crocheting needles by means of thread positioning fingers which engage the threads from the upper rear, displacing each filling thread destined to participate in the formation of a predetermined pattern by means of a Jacquard-controlled pencil arranged above the crocheting needle and movable parallel therewith, and supporting said pencil by a rail moving in the same rhythm as said guide by a distance equal to triple the crocheting needle spacing.
  • a method according to claim 2, .further comprising the steps of producing a background-pattern by rhythmically moving .atleast .one first filling thread railcarry ing a series of said filling thread guides .and incorporating the associated filling. threads into the crocheted warp threads, and producihga decorative pattern by rhythmically :moving .at least one second; filling thread rail, carryingv another seriesofsaid filling thread guides, parallel to said first ,rail and associatingsaid Jacquard-controlled pencils with the filling threads carried by said series of filling thread guides organ second ffilling thread rail.
  • a method according to claim 3 for reinforcing or weakening specified sectionsin a fabric pattern further comprising-the step of associating each of at least two series of Jacquard-controlled pencils with a series of filling threads carried by a separate filling thread rail.
  • a series of crocheting needles said crocheting needles being arranged parallel in a horizontal plane and adapted to form a crocheted strand of each individual warp thread, at least one series of filling thread guides for a series of filling threads arranged above the horizontal plane containing the crocheting needles, said threads being individually carried by said filling thread guides and extending in a vertical plane, said filling thread guides being adapted to perform a reciprocating movement in a horizontal direction at right angles to the length of the crocheting needles, at least one series of filling thread displacing means, said means being adapted to displace at least one series of filling threads in a horizontal direction at right angles to the length of the crocheting needles at a predetermined sequence, and thread positioning fingers adapted to engage said filling threads and to position them below the horizontal plane of the crocheting needles.
  • a series of crocheting needles said crocheting needles being arranged parallel in a horizontal plane and adapted to form a crocheted strand of each individual warp thread, at least one first rail, said first rail being arranged horizontally above the horizontal plane containing the crocheting needles, and adapted to perform a reciprocating movement in a horizontal direction at right angles to the length of the crocheting needles and extending over a distance equal to four times the crocheting needle spacing, at least one series of filling thread guides for a series of fitting threads, said series of filling thread guides being carried by said first rail, said series of filling threads being individually carried by said filling thread guides and extending in a vertical plane, at least one second rail, said second rail being arranged above the horizontal plane containing the crocheting needles and adapted to reciprocate at the same rhythm and in the same direction as said first rail over a distance equal to six times the crocheting needle spacing, a series of pencils,
  • said pencils being carried by said second rail, said pencils being adapted to assume two alternative positions, a first position and a second position, when in said first position said pencils being outside of the vertical plane containing said filling threads, and when in said second position said pencils are penetrating the vertical plane containing said filling threads, a Jacquard apparatus, said Jacquard apparatus controlling the position of said pencils, and a series of thread positioning fingers adapted to engage the filling threads from the upper rear and to position them below the horizontal plane of the crocheting needles.
  • a machine as claimed in claim 7, comprising at least two first movable rails, the filling threads controlled by the filling thread guides of at least one of said first rails cooperating with the warp threads to form a background pattern, and in which the Jacquard-controlled pencils are arranged to engage the filling threads controlled by the filling thread guides of at least one other first rail destined to participate in the formation of the pattern.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
US521334A 1954-07-21 1955-07-11 Method and apparatus for making a fabric Expired - Lifetime US2844017A (en)

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DE339310X 1954-07-21

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US2844017A true US2844017A (en) 1958-07-22

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US521334A Expired - Lifetime US2844017A (en) 1954-07-21 1955-07-11 Method and apparatus for making a fabric

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US (1) US2844017A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH339310A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1067170B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB778018A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109811465A (zh) * 2019-02-26 2019-05-28 孙向鹏 一种分层钩编设备及其进行钩编的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2928094B2 (de) * 1979-06-15 1981-04-09 Gebrüder Sulzer AG, 8401 Winterthur Jacquardeinrichtung für Kettenwirkmaschinen
DE3430757A1 (de) * 1984-04-26 1985-10-31 Textilma Ag, Hergiswil Verfahren zur herstellung eines gemusterten kettengewirkes und kettenwirkmaschine zur ausfuehrung des verfahrens

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1316647A (en) * 1919-09-23 Islanb
DE800316C (de) * 1949-08-16 1950-10-30 Bergische Gardinen Ind G M B H Haekelverfahren, insbesondere zur maschinellen Herstellung von Gardinenstoffen
US2699658A (en) * 1952-05-03 1955-01-18 Peters Cora Lee Worthington Method of and machine for warp knitting

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1316647A (en) * 1919-09-23 Islanb
DE800316C (de) * 1949-08-16 1950-10-30 Bergische Gardinen Ind G M B H Haekelverfahren, insbesondere zur maschinellen Herstellung von Gardinenstoffen
US2699658A (en) * 1952-05-03 1955-01-18 Peters Cora Lee Worthington Method of and machine for warp knitting

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109811465A (zh) * 2019-02-26 2019-05-28 孙向鹏 一种分层钩编设备及其进行钩编的方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE1067170B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1959-10-15
GB778018A (en) 1957-07-03
CH339310A (de) 1959-06-30

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