US2841906A - Shoulder firearm having separate projectile and powder magazines - Google Patents

Shoulder firearm having separate projectile and powder magazines Download PDF

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US2841906A
US2841906A US434929A US43492954A US2841906A US 2841906 A US2841906 A US 2841906A US 434929 A US434929 A US 434929A US 43492954 A US43492954 A US 43492954A US 2841906 A US2841906 A US 2841906A
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powder
chamber
projectile
bolt
magazine
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US434929A
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Edwin R Michelson
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/37Feeding two or more kinds of ammunition to the same gun; Feeding from two sides
    • F41A9/375Feeding propellant charges and projectiles as separate units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/04Missile propulsion using the combustion of a liquid, loose powder or gaseous fuel, e.g. hypergolic fuel

Definitions

  • the average sportsman needs a variety of difierent guns for dilferent types of shooting. It is usual practice to employ a gun of small caliber in hunting light game since a large caliber high-velocity missile would damage the game. On the other hand, for very large animals, it is essential to use a gun of large caliber in order to make a kill. The average hunter will, therefore, find it necessary to invest in a number of different guns involving a very substantial expense, both in the weapons themselves and in the purchase of various different types of ammunition required by them. Actually, the caliber of the gun is less important than the size of the powder charge used as a propellent for the bullet or missile.
  • the primary object of the present invention to provide a gun capable of firing a projectile with a primer in its base and using loose powder as a propellent, thereby obviating the need for ejecting spent cartridge shells.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a gun constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the gun barrel with various portions of the mechanism removed in order to illustrate more clearly the spatial relationship of the various components;
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the gun
  • Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the gun taken along line 4-4 of Figure 3, showing the action of the gun in loaded and cocked position ready for firing.
  • Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the position of the action of the gun after the gun has been fired;
  • Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun as the fore-end is shifted to unlocked position in the course of reloading and cocking;
  • Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun at the instant of initial engagement with the powder-feeding mechanism during reloading; r
  • Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun at the instant of initial engagement with the bullet-magazine release during reloading;
  • Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun as the fore-end has been shifted to rearwardmost position;
  • Figures l0, 11, 12, and 13 are transverse sectional views taken along lines 10-10, 11-11, 12-12,. and 13-13, respectively, of Figure 4;
  • Figure 14 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 14-14 of Figure 4 and showing the bolt and firing pin mechanism in cocked position ready for firing;
  • Figure 15 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 14, showing the positionsof the bolt at instant of firing and immediately thereafter;
  • Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 14, showing the position of the bolt after firing action has been completed;
  • Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 14, showing the position. of the gun bolt when the fore-end is in rearwardmost position as the gun is being reloaded and cocked;
  • Figure 18 is a transverse sectional view taken along line 18-18 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic fragmentary perspective view of the firing-lock actuator
  • Figures 20, 21, and 22 are fragmentary sectional views taken along lines 20-20, 2l-2ll, and 22-22, respectively, of Figure 14;
  • Figure 23 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 23-23 of Figure 20; r
  • Figures 24 and 25 are fragmentary sectional views taken along lines 24-24 and 25-25, respectively, of Figure 21; i g
  • Figure 26 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 26-26 of Figure 12;
  • Figure 27 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 27-27 of Figure 4.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic perspective view of the pow der-feeding piston and related structure
  • Patented July 8, 1958 comprising a barrel 1 forged or otherwise suitably formed 7 from gun steel and integrally including a muzzle portion 2, an intermediate portion 3, and a chamber portion 4, and a relatively long breech portion 5.
  • the muzzle portion 2 is tubular and at its rearward end tapers into the intermediate portion 3, and is eccentric with relation thereto and is provided with two laterally projecting longitudinal ribs 6 for slidably receiving a wooden fore-end 7.
  • the intermediate portion 3 merges into the chamber portion 4 which is substantially rectilinear in cross-sectional shape and is' also tangent along its upper surface to the upper surfaces of the muzzle portion 2' and intermediate portion 3 so that a smooth, uninterrupted line of sight for aiming purposes is thereby afforded down the gun barrel between the rear sight 8 and front sight 9.
  • the muzzle portion 2, the intermediate portion 3 and chamber portion 4 are provided with a common coaxial bore 10 which extends rearwardly from the muzzle portion 2 through the intermediate portion 3 and into the chamber portion 4 being therein diametrally enlarged along a taper 11 to form a chamber 12, which in turnextends rearwardly through the remainder of the chamber portion 4 and terminates in a very slight rearwardly tapered shoulder or annular seat 13.
  • a breech-bore 14 Extending rearwardly from the shoulder 13 in coaxial alignment with the bore 10 and chamber 12 is a breech-bore 14 which extends longitudinally through the breech portion and terminates in a short diametrally enlarged internally threaded section 15 adapted for receiving a flat externally threaded closure plug 16.
  • a wooden gun stock 23 apertured at its forward end for receiving the screw 21 and being provided on its under face with a scoop-shaped indentation 24, as-best seen in Figures 1 and S and for purposes presently more'fully appearing.
  • the opposite vertical side walls of the breech portion 5 are provided with elongated breech-bolt slots 25 which are transversely aligned and are of such length and locationthat the forward ends thereof are spaced rearwardly of the shoulder 13. 'Adjacent their rearward ends the side walls of the breech portion 5 are provided with laterally openingrectangular recesses 26 having flush fitting closure plates 27 secured snugly thereacross by means of short screws 28 and thereby providing a completely enclosed elongated slide-chamber 29'which opens to the interior of the breech-bore 14 through elongated slots 30.
  • the under side of the forwardly presented end face of the chamber portion 4 is provided with an arcuate transversely extending recess 31 and the chamber portion 4 and'breech portion 5 are longitudinally drilled just inwardly of their lateral faces to provide two parallel tubular bores 32 opening at'their opposite ends respec tively into the chambers 29 and recess 31 for slidably accommodating elongated locking rods 33.
  • the bore is of substantially uniform, internal diam- 4 etral size and is provided with internal rifling grooves 34 rearwardly for most of its entire length.
  • the bore 10 is diametrally enlarged very slightly along an almost imperceptible taper for a distance substantially equal to the body portion of the bullet or projectile B which is designed for use with the gun A, as will be presently more fully discussed.
  • This slightly enlarged unrifled or bullet seating portion of the bore 10 is intended to retain the bullet B snugly when the gun is loaded and ready for firing and thereby provide a forward seal for the chamber 12 so that the energy developed at the instant of detonation will be efficiently converted into propelling force impinging upon the rearwardly presented end .of the bullet B and imparting thereto the required forward velocity.
  • the bullet does not include any jacket or shell containing a powder charge but is merely provided in its rearwardly presented end with a centrally disposed impact-firing detonating cap 35.
  • the top wall of the breech portion 5 directly to the rear of the shoulder 13 is'provided with a clean outaperture 36 having a hinged cover plate 37 which is spring biased downwardly into closed position and 'is conventionally mounted on a hinge block 38.
  • a powdenfeeding piston 43 is operatively engaged around the forward end of a spring 44,
  • the powder magazine 40 is cut off obliquely and opens into a rearwardly and downwardly extending tubular powder-feeding cylinder 45 which extendsupwardly and is rigidly mounted at an oblique angle in the lower forward part of the breech portion 5 in such a manner.
  • the powder magazine 40 and powderfeeding cylinder 45 are preferably, though not necessarily,
  • the powderfeeding cylinder '45 is internally threaded for receiving a suitably threaded closure plug 46 having an inwardly presented interior face 47;
  • an open-bottomed hollowpowderfeeding piston48 having an upwardly presented arcuately dished end face 49 adapted to conform to a section of V the interior surface of the breech-bore 14.
  • the closure plug-46 is removed,'the piston 4s, gate 51, and associated structure may be inserted into the cylinder 45 from the bottom. 7
  • thepins 52 and '53 are welded or otherwise rigidly mounted adjacent the bottom portions ofcompanion-shaped flat slide plates V 55, 56, respectively, the latter being, in turn, provided adjacent their'upper ends with outwardly projecting pins 57,58, respectively.
  • the pins 57, 58 are parallel to each other and to the center line of the pins 52, 53.
  • the flat plates 55, 56 are contoured to fit snugly against the outer v face of the powder-fe eding cylinder 45 in overlying reletion'to the slots 54 and are operatively confined forslich' I respecable movement betweenways 59, 59, 60, 60', tively; asbest seen. in Figures 2 and 18,
  • breech portion 5 On its under face the breech portion 5 is provided with an elongated arcuate:
  • the rearwardly. presented face of the piston 48 is pro vided with an elongated slot 61 which is positioned centrally of, and underlies, the gate 51 for slidably accommodating a tongue 62 which projects radially into the hollow interior of the powder-feeding piston 46' and bears against an elongated compression spring 63 which extends lengthwise downwardly through the powder-feeding cylinder 45 and abuts at its lower end against the inner face of the closure plug 46.
  • a second spring 64 which bears at its upper end against the under face of the top wall of the powder-feeding piston 48 and at its lower end against the inner face of the closure plug 46.
  • a rod 65 Rigidly mounted at its lower end centrally within the closure plug 46 and extending axially upwardly through the powder-feeding cylinder 45 is a rod 65 which terminates at its upper end below the lowest point of movement of the tongue 62 so as to avoid any interference therewith.
  • This rod 65 functions as a separating element between the two springs 63, 64, so that the latter will function independently and will notinterfere with each other.
  • a substantially smaller tubular bulletmagazine 66 Rigidly joined to the downwardly presented inclined face of the powder-feeding cylinder 45 and forming a part thereof is a substantially smaller tubular bulletmagazine 66 also mounted at its upper end, at an oblique angle, in the breech portion 45 and opening into the breech-bore 14 between the powder-feeding cylinder is and the shoulder 13. At its lower end, the bullet-n1agazine 66 is internally threaded for receiving a closure plug.
  • a pivot block 69 having downwardly presented spaced parallel ears 7t) for receiving a pivot pin.71.
  • Rockably mounted upon the pivot 71 is a bifurcated arm 72 which is operatively engaged withthe downwardly projecting end of a bulletretention pin 73 shiftably mounted in and extending through the upper end of the pivot block 69 and projecting at its inner end: into the upper end of the bulletmagazine 66 for engagement with the upper end of the uppermost bullet B, as best seen in Figure 4.
  • the pin 73 is biased toward inwardly disposed or bullet-engaging position by means of a tension spring 74.
  • actuating arm 75 pivotally mounted on the pin 71 between the lower ends of the bifurcated arm 72 is an actuating arm 75 having relatively wide laterally projecting ears 76.
  • the arm 75 is integrally provided with an upwardly extending finger 77 which normally bears against a stop pin 78 rigidly mounted in the bifurcated arm 72, the arm 75 being resiliently held in such position by means of a tension spring 79.
  • pivot block 69 is provided with a semicircular milled slot 80 merelyio afford clearance'for the upper end of the finger 77 of the actuating arm 75.
  • breech-bolt 81 Slidably mounted within the breech-bore 14 is a tubular breech-bolt 81 which is diametrally turned at its forward end to form a short tapered shoulder 82 adapted 6 for tight-fitting seated engagement against the shoulder or annular seat 13. Forwardly of the shoulder 82, the breech-bolt 81 is internally counter-bored to provide. a scavenging skirt 83 having a series of narrow axial slots 84, so that the outer peripheral margin 85 of the skirt 83 will at all times be in resilient scraping engagement with the inner surface of the chamber 12.
  • a tapered bullet-feeding finger 86 Formed integrally with, and projecting axially forwardly from, the breechbolt 81, is a tapered bullet-feeding finger 86 having four thin arcuate wings 87 arranged at ninety-degree intervals therearound for picking up and propelling the bullet B into firing position without contacting the detonating cap 35.
  • the scavenging skirt 83 Directly to the rear of the scavenging skirt 83, the
  • breech-bolt 81 is provided with a solid body section 68,
  • a firing pin 89 having a pointed end 90 for contacting the detonating cap 35 and being integrally provided on its rearward end with a diametrally enlarged button-like head 91.
  • a light compression spring 92 interposed between the head 91 and the rearwardly presented face of the body section 88 is a light compression spring 92 for normally biasing the firing pin 89 into the rearward position shown in Figure 14.
  • the breech-bolt 81 is internally bored to provide a hammer chamber 93 provided adjacent its rearward end with an inwardly projecting narrow annular flange 94.
  • the hammer chamber 93 is furthermore provided at its bottom with an axial slot 95 for clearing a cocking lug 95 held in place by screws s, as shown in Figure 22.
  • the breech-portion 5 is drilled and tapped in upwardly spaced alignment with the cocking lug 95 for receiving a threaded plug p to facilitate installation of the cocking lug 95.
  • the hammer chamber 93 is provided on its interior wall with detent notches 96.
  • a tubular hammer 97 Slidably mounted within the hammer chamber 93 is a tubular hammer 97 provided in' its forwardly presented end face with a concentric circular recess 98 for loosely engaging the head 91 of the firing pin 89.
  • the hammer 97 On its rearwardly presented face, the hammer 97 is provided with an annular concentric recess 99 and an integrally formed rearwardly extending axial bolt pin 100 having an integrally formed annular collar 101 and. a diametrically enlarged cylindrical head 102.
  • a compressor 103 Slidably mounted within the hammer chamber 93 and also extending loosely and slidably around the bolt pin 100 is a compressor 103 provided in its forwardly presented end face with a cylindrical recess 104 having substantially thesame diametral size as the largest diametral dimension of the recess 99.
  • a relatively strong firing spring 105 Operatively mounted within the recesses 99 and 104 and extending co-axially around the bolt pin 100 is a relatively strong firing spring 105.
  • the compressor 103 is provided in its rearwardly presented face with a pair of diametrally opposite slot-like recesses 106 for pivotally accommodating latch-dogs 107 which are biased to the position shown in Figure 14 by springs 108 for engagement in the detent notches 96.
  • the latch-dogs 107 are provided at their inner ends with rearwardly presented abutment shoulders 109 positioned for operative engagement with the collar 101 of the bolt pin 100, as will presently be more fully explained.
  • a conical retraction spring 110 Interposed between the head 102 of the bolt pin 100 and the internal annular flange 94 of the breech-portion 81 is a conical retraction spring 110. It should be noted in this connection that the firing spring is much stronger than the'retraction spring 110 and the two springs will thus perform their respective functions without interference with each other.
  • the hammer 97 is provided with a diametral recess l ll having a reduced end portion 112 for housing a light-weight compression spring .113 which bears against a pin-like sear 7 114- having an end face 115 conforming to the outer curvilinear surface of the hammer chamber 93..
  • end face 115 ofthe sear 114 bears against a supplementary sear-pin 11.4, which is, in eifect, a longitudinal extension of; the sear 114 and is provided at its outer end segment 122 of a trigger-actuating arm'123 rigidly pinned to a trigger pintle 124, which is, in turn',rotatably mounted in, and projects laterally-outwardly from, the breechportion 5.
  • a compression spring 125 Disposed within the forward end of the bore 120 and bearing against the forward end of the trigger pin 119 is a compression spring 125 for biasing the trigger pin rearwardly.
  • the'trigger pintle 125 is rigidly pinned to one portion of a two-part split trigger yoke 126,-
  • the other portion of the'trigger yoke 126 is pivotally mounted at its upper end upon a stud 127 also 'mounted in, and projecting outwardly from, the
  • the rectangular recesses 26 are provided with front 7 and rear end walls 130, 131, and with flat back walls 132' which 'are spaced inwardly from and parallel to Slidably mounted within each recess '26 is a block 133 rigidly fixed, as by means of a set-screw 134,- to the rear endof the locking rods 33.
  • a cross-bar havingrodJ-ike arms 136 and a central I flattened section 137 adaptedfor abutn out against the At its rear face of the headiQZ- of the bolt-pin 159.
  • the cross-bar .135 extends loosely through the slots-tlitl-and is rigidly fastened by means ofset-sorews 135i-n'the'upper ends of the blocks 135, all as best seen in Figure 19
  • Disposed endwise between the rear face or the flattened section 137 of the cross-bar 1-35 and the opposed interior face 139 of the closure plug '16 is a compression spring Mitfor biasing the locking rodsSZv forwardly, a I
  • the body portion 88 of the breech-bolt 31 is provided in its lateral faces with; shallow recesses 141 having centra'lly located drilled and tapped holes 1 32. Set snugly, but reinovably, within each of the recesses 14-1 and projecting' laterally outwardly therefrom through the breech slots ZSerebreech-bolt studs 143 having flattened top and bottom facesqfor slide forming disposition within the hre'echslotsZS.
  • the breech-bolt studs 1-33 are relatively wide in the direction of the slots in order to provide sufrlcient strength to hold the breech-bolt 31 seated against the shoulder 13 when the powder-charge is exploded within the chamber 12. T he force involved at the instant of explosion is'of the order of 50,000 p. s. i.
  • Rotatably mounted on the projecting ends of the breech-bolt studs 143 are spacing washers 14 bolt-actuating slide-plates 145,,and cap-washers 1462111 held securely in place by retainer bolts 147, as best seen in Figure 14.
  • the slide-plates 145 extend singularly downwardly and forwardly along the opposite side faces of the chamber portion 4 and at their forward ends are cross-connected locking rods 33 when thegun is cocked and ready to fire. Thusgit is impossible to Work the gun action again 1 45 on top of the piston 48. However, asrthe slide-plates i until the gun has been fired.
  • Rigidly attached tojth'e f V lock-bar 1A8 is a forwardly extending intermediate'link 150 pivotally connected at its forward end toa. pair of main actuating links 151, which are, inturn pivotally connected to the fore-end 7.
  • the intermediate link .150 is provided with laterally projecting stop-pins 152 for engaging the actuating links 151 when the fore-end isslid rearwardly and the links 150, 151, are broughtintoz the relative angular position shown in Figure 6; Sirniv larly, the slide-plates are provided with, stop-pins 153; i for engaging the intermediate link when the links; 7
  • Theslide-plates' 145 areprovided upon their inner faces with inwardly projecting co-axial pins 1-54 for engaging; and tripping the finger 77 duringthe course'of rearward travel of the slide-plates 145, as shown in Figure 26. Finally, the slide-plates 145 are also provided upon their,
  • a cumming bar 160 for actuating engagement with the pins 57, 58,1 of the powder-J
  • the camming-bars 160 are held" I feeding piston 43. 7 against forward swinging relative movement by pins 161 set into the gauge-plates 156, and arefbiased into contact therewithby leaf-springs 162; [As will be seen by I reference to Figures 7 and 8, the camming-bars 160 .Will ride against the pins 57, 58, forcing the gate 51 down wardly.
  • the spring t is heavier than thespring 63 and will normally hold the latter compressed underthe finger 62.
  • the lock-bar 148 is provided in its sem'i-circnlarface with recesses v33' for snug-fitting engagement with the forward ends ofthe locking rods 33, as best seen 'in Figure i i shown in Figure 4 and preventing manipulation 'of the fore-end 7 and movement of the slide-plates 145 until the gun A has been fired.
  • the hammer 97 and other internal elements of the breech-bolt 81 are in position, as shown in Figure 14, when thegun A is cooked and ready to fire.
  • leaf-spring closure-blades 164 adapted to cover forward portion of the slots 25 when the bolt 81 is retracted, thereby preventing loose powder from spilling out accidentally.
  • the closure-blades '164 are slidably supported within U-shaped elements 165 formed integrally upon the chamber portion 4 for holding the closure-blades 164 snugly against the side faces thereof.
  • a bullet B is in firing position and the breech bolt 81 is in fully cocked position as shownin Figure 14, the gun A is fired by squeezing the trigger 129, whereupon the trigger actuating rod 119 slides forward camming the sear 114 inwardly until its end face 115 is coincident with the interior face of the breech-bolt chamber 93. Thereupon, the spring 105 throws the hammer 97 forward against the head 91 of the firing pin 89, which, in turn, is driven sharply forward against the detonating cap 35 of the bullet B, exploding the powder charge in the chamber 12 and propelling thebullet B out through the muzzle of the gun A.
  • the fore-end 7 canthen be shifted rearwardly to the position shown in Figures 9 and 17 and in so doing the bullet retention pin 73 is tripped and thepiston 48 and gate 51 are actuated, whereby a bullet is taken from the magazine 66 and a powder charge from thepowder feeding cylinder 45.
  • the pins 154 trip and pass under the finger 77, so that the spring 74 can return the retention pin 73 to initial position immediately after theuppermost bullet in the magazine 66 has been shifted up into the chamber 12.
  • only one bullet at a time can be fed out of the magazine 66.
  • the fore-end '7 isthen returned to initial position carry- 31. In this position, the cross-bar 136 is releasedso that the locking rods 33 will return. forwardly to locking position. As the fore-end '7 returns to such initial position,- it will kick the forward ends of the locking rods 33 back momentarily until fully seated, whereupon the locking rods 33 will shift forwardly again to locked position in the recesses 33'.
  • the gauge-plate 156 By adjusting the gauge-plate 156 up and down, the degree of sliding movement of the piston 48 and gate 51 can be varied to vary the size of the powder charge injected into the magazine 40. i l
  • a gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section-adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, an. annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the. throat, the distance between the throat and the seat beingv sufiicient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means.
  • a projectile magazine located below the cham-- 'ber and rearwardly of the throat in downwardly and chamber and rearwardly of the projectile magazine in parallel relation to the chamber
  • a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to: the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper end with the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine for injecting a charge of powder from the powder magazine into the powderfeeding cylinder, and piston-like means in the powderfeeding cylinder for introducing said charge of'powder into the chamber.
  • a gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chambensaid barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may he snugly seated prior to firing, an annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the throat, the distance between the throat and the seat being sufficient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position, a projectile magazine, spring-biased said last-named means being located below-the chamber and-projecting externally of the projectile magazine i 111 or r as ng a d th e y means'
  • a gun adapted for firing a cartridgedess projectile having a detonating cap in its base said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel; extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifledbore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing,'an annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the throat, the distance between the throat and the seat being sufficient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position, a projectile magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the throat in downwardly projecting relation thereto, spring-biased means in said projectile flmagazine, means associated with theiprojectile magazine and operated by the actuating means
  • projectile magazine fpr injecting a single projectile at; time from the projectile magazine iiitoTtlie chamb'er;'
  • a gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having adetonating cap in its base comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent. to the chamber, saidbarrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide aprojectile-engaging throat into which the pro-' jectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, an annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the throat,
  • a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoul: der for engagement against the'seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position, a projectile magazine'spring-biased means in said projectile magazine,- meansassociated with the pro jectile magazine and operated by theactuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position, said lastnamed means being located below the chamber and projecting externally of the projectile magazine for releasing and thereby permitting the spring-biased means to inject a single projectile at a time from the projectile magazine into the chamber, means on the forward end; of the bolt for seating said projectile in said throat, a powder magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the projectile magazine, in parallel relation to f the chamber, a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper endwith the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine for injecting
  • a gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile havinga detonating cap in its base, said gun'comprising a chamber,a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said sectionto provide a projectile-engagingthroat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, an annular seatin said chamber located rearwardly of the throat,
  • a hollow bolt slidablymountedat the rear end of and in axial alignment with the-chamber and having anannnlar sholder for engagement against the seat, aetuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into ;andout of seated position, a projectilemagazinelocated belowt'ne cham; ber, springfbiased means in' said projectile fmagazine, f
  • spring-biased means to inject a single projectile at a time from the projectile magazine into the chamber, means on the forward end of the bolt for seating said projectile in said throat, a powder magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the projectile magazine in parallel relation to the chamber, a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper end with the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine actuated by the actuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position for injecting a charge of powder from the powder magazine into the powder-feeding cylinder, and piston-like means in the powder-feeding cylinder for introducing said charge of power into chamber.
  • a gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, a breech portion extending rearwardly from the chamber and having side walls provided with opposed parallel slots, a bolt slidably mounted in the chamber and breech portion for longitudinally shiftable movement therein, said bolt having laterally projecting bosses slidably mounted in and extending through the slots, a fore-end operatively mounted on the barrel for forward and rearward sliding movement, actuating links pivotally connected at their forward ends to the fore-end, intermediate links pivotally connected at their forward ends to theactuating links, a pair of slide plates pivotally connected at their rear ends respectively to said bosses and at their

Description

July 8, 1958 E. R. MICHELSON SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE PROJECTILE AND POWDER MAGAZINES 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 7, 1954 INVENTOR.
EDWIN R. MICHELSON E. R. MICHELSON SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE July 8, 1958 PROJECTILE AND POWDER MAGAZINES 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 7, 1954 y 1958 E. R. MICHELSON 2,841,906
SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE PROJECTILE AND POWDER MAGAZINES Filed June 7, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. 5. A?
IN VEN TOR.
EDWIN R. MICHELSON July 1958 r E. R. MICHELSON 2,841,906
SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE PROJECTILE AND POWDER MAGAZINES Filed June '7, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 E. R. MICHELSON SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE July 8, 1958 2,841,906 I PROJECTILE AND POWDER MAGAZINES 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 7, 1954 y 3, 1958 E. R. MICHELSON 2,841,906
SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE PROJECTILE AND POWDER MAGAZINES Filed June 7, 1954 .6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR.
Eowm R. MICHELSON 197 f OH/VE l tent SHOULDER FIREARM HAVING SEPARATE PRO- .l'ECTllLE AND POWDER MAGAZINES This invention relates in general to certain new and useful improvements in firearms and, more particularly,
to a sportsmans gun which can be readily adapted for various types of hunting needs.
At the present time, the average sportsman needs a variety of difierent guns for dilferent types of shooting. It is usual practice to employ a gun of small caliber in hunting light game since a large caliber high-velocity missile would damage the game. On the other hand, for very large animals, it is essential to use a gun of large caliber in order to make a kill. The average hunter will, therefore, find it necessary to invest in a number of different guns involving a very substantial expense, both in the weapons themselves and in the purchase of various different types of ammunition required by them. Actually, the caliber of the gun is less important than the size of the powder charge used as a propellent for the bullet or missile. This latter factor determines muzzle velocity, which, in turn, is the most significant factor in the striking power of the missile. For this reason, manufacturers of ammunition supply cartridges having different powder charges and this variant complicates, rather than simplifies, the problem of the hunter in meeting all the needs of the sport.
It is, therefore, the primary object of the present invention to provide a gun capable of firing a projectile with a primer in its base and using loose powder as a propellent, thereby obviating the need for ejecting spent cartridge shells. p
it is also an object of the present invention to provide a gun of the type stated in which the quantity of propellent used can be varied to afford different muzzle velocity and killing power.
it is a further object of the present invention to provide a gun of the type stated in which the projectile and propellent are automatically fed into the chamber in proper relation for firing.
it is another object of the present invention to provide a gun of the type stated which is relatively light in weight due to the fact that the stresses absorbed by the breech bolt in firingare not transmitted to the receiver, thus obviating the need for a massive highly stressed receiver.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a gun of the type stated which is relatively economical in cost of manufacture due to the utilization of a simple cam and cam-like principle for locking of the breech bolt.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a gun of the type stated which is economical in use by reason of the fact that the ammunition employed therein can be manufactured economically and at low cost. 1 t
It is another object of this invention to provide a gun which has a mechanism capable of generating a high which can be atmospherically sealed, if necessary, due
to the absence of ejection ports.
With the above and other objects in view, my invention resides in the novel features of form, construction, arrangement, and combination of parts presently described and pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings- Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a gun constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention;
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the gun barrel with various portions of the mechanism removed in order to illustrate more clearly the spatial relationship of the various components;
Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the gun;
Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the gun taken along line 4-4 of Figure 3, showing the action of the gun in loaded and cocked position ready for firing.
Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the position of the action of the gun after the gun has been fired;
Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun as the fore-end is shifted to unlocked position in the course of reloading and cocking; t
Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun at the instant of initial engagement with the powder-feeding mechanism during reloading; r
Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun at the instant of initial engagement with the bullet-magazine release during reloading;
Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 4, showing the action of the gun as the fore-end has been shifted to rearwardmost position;
, Figures l0, 11, 12, and 13 are transverse sectional views taken along lines 10-10, 11-11, 12-12,. and 13-13, respectively, of Figure 4;
Figure 14 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 14-14 of Figure 4 and showing the bolt and firing pin mechanism in cocked position ready for firing;
Figure 15 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 14, showing the positionsof the bolt at instant of firing and immediately thereafter;
Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 14, showing the position of the bolt after firing action has been completed;
Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional view substantially similar to Figure 14, showing the position. of the gun bolt when the fore-end is in rearwardmost position as the gun is being reloaded and cocked;
Figure 18 is a transverse sectional view taken along line 18-18 of Figure 1;
Figure 19 is a schematic fragmentary perspective view of the firing-lock actuator;
Figures 20, 21, and 22 are fragmentary sectional views taken along lines 20-20, 2l-2ll, and 22-22, respectively, of Figure 14;
Figure 23 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 23-23 of Figure 20; r
Figures 24 and 25 are fragmentary sectional views taken along lines 24-24 and 25-25, respectively, of Figure 21; i g
Figure 26 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 26-26 of Figure 12;
Figure 27 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 27-27 of Figure 4;
Figure 28. is a schematic perspective view of the pow der-feeding piston and related structure;
Patented July 8, 1958 comprising a barrel 1 forged or otherwise suitably formed 7 from gun steel and integrally including a muzzle portion 2, an intermediate portion 3, and a chamber portion 4, and a relatively long breech portion 5. As will be seen by reference to'Figure 2, the muzzle portion 2 is tubular and at its rearward end tapers into the intermediate portion 3, and is eccentric with relation thereto and is provided with two laterally projecting longitudinal ribs 6 for slidably receiving a wooden fore-end 7. At its rearward end, the intermediate portion 3 merges into the chamber portion 4 which is substantially rectilinear in cross-sectional shape and is' also tangent along its upper surface to the upper surfaces of the muzzle portion 2' and intermediate portion 3 so that a smooth, uninterrupted line of sight for aiming purposes is thereby afforded down the gun barrel between the rear sight 8 and front sight 9. It will be understood in this connection that the muzzle portion 2, the intermediate portion 3 and chamber portion 4 are provided with a common coaxial bore 10 which extends rearwardly from the muzzle portion 2 through the intermediate portion 3 and into the chamber portion 4 being therein diametrally enlarged along a taper 11 to form a chamber 12, which in turnextends rearwardly through the remainder of the chamber portion 4 and terminates in a very slight rearwardly tapered shoulder or annular seat 13. Extending rearwardly from the shoulder 13 in coaxial alignment with the bore 10 and chamber 12 is a breech-bore 14 which extends longitudinally through the breech portion and terminates in a short diametrally enlarged internally threaded section 15 adapted for receiving a flat externally threaded closure plug 16. Formed integrally with and extending rearwardly from the breech portion 5 are two spaced parallel ears 17, 18, respectively having aligned apertures 19, 21). The aperture20 is somewhat smaller than the aperture 19 and is internally threaded for receiving the threaded end of a stock-retaining screw 21 having an enlarged head 22 for snug-fittingseated disposition within the aperture 19. Providedfor snug-fitting retentive engagement between the ears 17, 18 is a wooden gun stock 23 apertured at its forward end for receiving the screw 21 and being provided on its under face with a scoop-shaped indentation 24, as-best seen in Figures 1 and S and for purposes presently more'fully appearing.
The opposite vertical side walls of the breech portion 5 are provided with elongated breech-bolt slots 25 which are transversely aligned and are of such length and locationthat the forward ends thereof are spaced rearwardly of the shoulder 13. 'Adjacent their rearward ends the side walls of the breech portion 5 are provided with laterally openingrectangular recesses 26 having flush fitting closure plates 27 secured snugly thereacross by means of short screws 28 and thereby providing a completely enclosed elongated slide-chamber 29'which opens to the interior of the breech-bore 14 through elongated slots 30. The under side of the forwardly presented end face of the chamber portion 4 is provided with an arcuate transversely extending recess 31 and the chamber portion 4 and'breech portion 5 are longitudinally drilled just inwardly of their lateral faces to provide two parallel tubular bores 32 opening at'their opposite ends respec tively into the chambers 29 and recess 31 for slidably accommodating elongated locking rods 33.
The bore is of substantially uniform, internal diam- 4 etral size and is provided with internal rifling grooves 34 rearwardly for most of its entire length. However, ashort distance forwardly from the chamber 12, the bore 10 is diametrally enlarged very slightly along an almost imperceptible taper for a distance substantially equal to the body portion of the bullet or projectile B which is designed for use with the gun A, as will be presently more fully discussed. This slightly enlarged unrifled or bullet seating portion of the bore 10 is intended to retain the bullet B snugly when the gun is loaded and ready for firing and thereby provide a forward seal for the chamber 12 so that the energy developed at the instant of detonation will be efficiently converted into propelling force impinging upon the rearwardly presented end .of the bullet B and imparting thereto the required forward velocity. It will be noted that the bullet does not include any jacket or shell containing a powder charge but is merely provided in its rearwardly presented end with a centrally disposed impact-firing detonating cap 35.
The top wall of the breech portion 5 directly to the rear of the shoulder 13 is'provided with a clean outaperture 36 having a hinged cover plate 37 which is spring biased downwardly into closed position and 'is conventionally mounted on a hinge block 38.
recess 39 for rigidly received a longitudinally extending tubular powder magazine 40 which is internally threaded adjacent its rearward end, as at 41, for receiving a removable filling plug 42. Slidably mounted within the powder magazine 40 is a powdenfeeding piston 43 is operatively engaged around the forward end of a spring 44,
which is, in" turn, abuttingly fitted atits rearward end against the'interior face of the plug. 42. At its forwardf end, the powder magazine 40 is cut off obliquely and opens into a rearwardly and downwardly extending tubular powder-feeding cylinder 45 which extendsupwardly and is rigidly mounted at an oblique angle in the lower forward part of the breech portion 5 in such a manner.
as to open into thebreech-bore 14'rearwardly of the shoulder 13. The powder magazine 40 and powderfeeding cylinder 45 are preferably, though not necessarily,
of the same diametral size. At its lower end, the powderfeeding cylinder '45 is internally threaded for receiving a suitably threaded closure plug 46 having an inwardly presented interior face 47; Operatively mounted within the cylinder 45 is an open-bottomed hollowpowderfeeding piston48 having an upwardly presented arcuately dished end face 49 adapted to conform to a section of V the interior surface of the breech-bore 14. The rearcylinder 45 and opening at their lower ends to the; bottom 7 margin of the powder-feeding cylinder 45, so that,.when
the closure plug-46 is removed,'the piston 4s, gate 51, and associated structure may be inserted into the cylinder 45 from the bottom. 7 At their outer ends, thepins 52 and '53 are welded or otherwise rigidly mounted adjacent the bottom portions ofcompanion-shaped flat slide plates V 55, 56, respectively, the latter being, in turn, provided adjacent their'upper ends with outwardly projecting pins 57,58, respectively. As will be seen by reference to Figthe 29,- the pins 57, 58, are parallel to each other and to the center line of the pins 52, 53. Furthermore, the flat plates 55, 56, are contoured to fit snugly against the outer v face of the powder-fe eding cylinder 45 in overlying reletion'to the slots 54 and are operatively confined forslich' I respecable movement betweenways 59, 59, 60, 60', tively; asbest seen. in Figures 2 and 18,
On its under face the breech portion 5 is provided with an elongated arcuate:
The rearwardly. presented face of the piston 48 is pro vided with an elongated slot 61 which is positioned centrally of, and underlies, the gate 51 for slidably accommodating a tongue 62 which projects radially into the hollow interior of the powder-feeding piston 46' and bears against an elongated compression spring 63 which extends lengthwise downwardly through the powder-feeding cylinder 45 and abuts at its lower end against the inner face of the closure plug 46. Also operatively mounted within the powder-feeding cylinder 45 in forwardly spaced parallel relation to the spring 63 is a second spring 64 which bears at its upper end against the under face of the top wall of the powder-feeding piston 48 and at its lower end against the inner face of the closure plug 46.
Rigidly mounted at its lower end centrally within the closure plug 46 and extending axially upwardly through the powder-feeding cylinder 45 is a rod 65 which terminates at its upper end below the lowest point of movement of the tongue 62 so as to avoid any interference therewith. This rod 65 functions as a separating element between the two springs 63, 64, so that the latter will function independently and will notinterfere with each other.
Rigidly joined to the downwardly presented inclined face of the powder-feeding cylinder 45 and forming a part thereof is a substantially smaller tubular bulletmagazine 66 also mounted at its upper end, at an oblique angle, in the breech portion 45 and opening into the breech-bore 14 between the powder-feeding cylinder is and the shoulder 13. At its lower end, the bullet-n1agazine 66 is internally threaded for receiving a closure plug.
67. Operatively mounted within the bullet-magazine 66 is an elongated compression spring 68 which bears at its upwardly toward the chamber, 12. Welded or otherwise suitably mounted. upon the outer face of the bulletmagazine 66 adjacent its upper end is a pivot block 69 having downwardly presented spaced parallel ears 7t) for receiving a pivot pin.71. Rockably mounted upon the pivot 71,is a bifurcated arm 72 which is operatively engaged withthe downwardly projecting end of a bulletretention pin 73 shiftably mounted in and extending through the upper end of the pivot block 69 and projecting at its inner end: into the upper end of the bulletmagazine 66 for engagement with the upper end of the uppermost bullet B, as best seen in Figure 4. The pin 73 is biased toward inwardly disposed or bullet-engaging position by means of a tension spring 74. Also pivotally mounted on the pin 71 between the lower ends of the bifurcated arm 72 is an actuating arm 75 having relatively wide laterally projecting ears 76. The arm 75 is integrally provided with an upwardly extending finger 77 which normally bears against a stop pin 78 rigidly mounted in the bifurcated arm 72, the arm 75 being resiliently held in such position by means of a tension spring 79. Thus, when the actuating arm 75 is swung rearwardly in the direction indicated by the arrow in '75 is free to swing forwardly (i. e. to the rightin Figure- 26) without affecting the position'of the pinj73, and bifurcated arm 72. It will be noted, by reference to Figure 26, that the pivot block 69 is provided with a semicircular milled slot 80 merelyio afford clearance'for the upper end of the finger 77 of the actuating arm 75.
Slidably mounted Within the breech-bore 14 is a tubular breech-bolt 81 which is diametrally turned at its forward end to form a short tapered shoulder 82 adapted 6 for tight-fitting seated engagement against the shoulder or annular seat 13. Forwardly of the shoulder 82, the breech-bolt 81 is internally counter-bored to provide. a scavenging skirt 83 having a series of narrow axial slots 84, so that the outer peripheral margin 85 of the skirt 83 will at all times be in resilient scraping engagement with the inner surface of the chamber 12. Formed integrally with, and projecting axially forwardly from, the breechbolt 81, is a tapered bullet-feeding finger 86 having four thin arcuate wings 87 arranged at ninety-degree intervals therearound for picking up and propelling the bullet B into firing position without contacting the detonating cap 35. Directly to the rear of the scavenging skirt 83, the
breech-bolt 81 is provided with a solid body section 68,
which, in common with the finger 86, is axially bored for slidably accommodating a firing pin 89 having a pointed end 90 for contacting the detonating cap 35 and being integrally provided on its rearward end with a diametrally enlarged button-like head 91. interposed between the head 91 and the rearwardly presented face of the body section 88 is a light compression spring 92 for normally biasing the firing pin 89 into the rearward position shown in Figure 14.
Rearwardly of the body section 88, the breech-bolt 81 is internally bored to provide a hammer chamber 93 provided adjacent its rearward end with an inwardly projecting narrow annular flange 94. The hammer chamber 93 is furthermore provided at its bottom with an axial slot 95 for clearing a cocking lug 95 held in place by screws s, as shown in Figure 22. The breech-portion 5 is drilled and tapped in upwardly spaced alignment with the cocking lug 95 for receiving a threaded plug p to facilitate installation of the cocking lug 95. At points ninety degrees upwardly on either side of the center line of the slot 95, the hammer chamber 93 is provided on its interior wall with detent notches 96. Slidably mounted within the hammer chamber 93 is a tubular hammer 97 provided in' its forwardly presented end face with a concentric circular recess 98 for loosely engaging the head 91 of the firing pin 89. On its rearwardly presented face, the hammer 97 is provided with an annular concentric recess 99 and an integrally formed rearwardly extending axial bolt pin 100 having an integrally formed annular collar 101 and. a diametrically enlarged cylindrical head 102. Slidably mounted Within the hammer chamber 93 and also extending loosely and slidably around the bolt pin 100 is a compressor 103 provided in its forwardly presented end face with a cylindrical recess 104 having substantially thesame diametral size as the largest diametral dimension of the recess 99. Operatively mounted within the recesses 99 and 104 and extending co-axially around the bolt pin 100 is a relatively strong firing spring 105. The compressor 103 is provided in its rearwardly presented face with a pair of diametrally opposite slot-like recesses 106 for pivotally accommodating latch-dogs 107 which are biased to the position shown in Figure 14 by springs 108 for engagement in the detent notches 96. The latch-dogs 107 are provided at their inner ends with rearwardly presented abutment shoulders 109 positioned for operative engagement with the collar 101 of the bolt pin 100, as will presently be more fully explained. Interposed between the head 102 of the bolt pin 100 and the internal annular flange 94 of the breech-portion 81 is a conical retraction spring 110. It should be noted in this connection that the firing spring is much stronger than the'retraction spring 110 and the two springs will thus perform their respective functions without interference with each other.
At about thirty degrees arcuately-around, and downwardly from, the plane of the latch-dogs 107, the hammer 97 is provided with a diametral recess l ll having a reduced end portion 112 for housing a light-weight compression spring .113 which bears against a pin-like sear 7 114- having an end face 115 conforming to the outer curvilinear surface of the hammer chamber 93.. The
z the closure plates 27.
end face 115 ofthe sear 114 bears against a supplementary sear-pin 11.4, which is, in eifect, a longitudinal extension of; the sear 114 and is provided at its outer end segment 122 of a trigger-actuating arm'123 rigidly pinned to a trigger pintle 124, which is, in turn',rotatably mounted in, and projects laterally-outwardly from, the breechportion 5. Disposed within the forward end of the bore 120 and bearing against the forward end of the trigger pin 119 is a compression spring 125 for biasing the trigger pin rearwardly. At its outer end, the'trigger pintle 125 is rigidly pinned to one portion of a two-part split trigger yoke 126,- The other portion of the'trigger yoke 126 is pivotally mounted at its upper end upon a stud 127 also 'mounted in, and projecting outwardly from, the
breech-portion in axial alignment with the trigger" pintle 124. The two parts of the trigger yoke 126 are held together in assembled relation by a fastening screw, 123 to forma dep'ending trigger 129, all as best seen in Figure 13. p V
The rectangular recesses 26 are provided with front 7 and rear end walls 130, 131, and with flat back walls 132' which 'are spaced inwardly from and parallel to Slidably mounted within each recess '26 is a block 133 rigidly fixed, as by means of a set-screw 134,- to the rear endof the locking rods 33. Extending transversely across the-breech-bore 14 is a cross-bar havingrodJ-ike arms 136 and a central I flattened section 137 adaptedfor abutn out against the At its rear face of the headiQZ- of the bolt-pin 159. opposite ends, the cross-bar .135 extends loosely through the slots-tlitl-and is rigidly fastened by means ofset-sorews 135i-n'the'upper ends of the blocks 135, all as best seen in Figure 19 Disposed endwise between the rear face or the flattened section 137 of the cross-bar 1-35 and the opposed interior face 139 of the closure plug '16 is a compression spring Mitfor biasing the locking rodsSZv forwardly, a I
The body portion 88 of the breech-bolt 31 is provided in its lateral faces with; shallow recesses 141 having centra'lly located drilled and tapped holes 1 32. Set snugly, but reinovably, within each of the recesses 14-1 and projecting' laterally outwardly therefrom through the breech slots ZSerebreech-bolt studs 143 having flattened top and bottom facesqfor slide forming disposition within the hre'echslotsZS. lnthis connection, it may be pointed out thatthe breech-bolt studs 1-33 are relatively wide in the direction of the slots in order to provide sufrlcient strength to hold the breech-bolt 31 seated against the shoulder 13 when the powder-charge is exploded within the chamber 12. T he force involved at the instant of explosion is'of the order of 50,000 p. s. i. Rotatably mounted on the projecting ends of the breech-bolt studs 143 are spacing washers 14 bolt-actuating slide-plates 145,,and cap-washers 1462111 held securely in place by retainer bolts 147, as best seen in Figure 14.
The slide-plates 145 extend singularly downwardly and forwardly along the opposite side faces of the chamber portion 4 and at their forward ends are cross-connected locking rods 33 when thegun is cocked and ready to fire. Thusgit is impossible to Work the gun action again 1 45 on top of the piston 48. However, asrthe slide-plates i until the gun has been fired. Rigidly attached tojth'e f V lock-bar 1A8 is a forwardly extending intermediate'link 150 pivotally connected at its forward end toa. pair of main actuating links 151, which are, inturn pivotally connected to the fore-end 7. The intermediate link .150 is provided with laterally projecting stop-pins 152 for engaging the actuating links 151 when the fore-end isslid rearwardly and the links 150, 151, are broughtintoz the relative angular position shown in Figure 6; Sirniv larly, the slide-plates are provided with, stop-pins 153; i for engaging the intermediate link when the links; 7
150, 151, and slide-plates 145 arebriought into the relative angular position shown in Figure 7. In this latter,
position, the links 150, 151, the slide-plates 141 21131 breech-bolt 81 will slide rearwardly as a unitto the} rearwardmost position shown in Figure 17.
' Theslide-plates' 145 areprovided upon their inner faces with inwardly projecting co-axial pins 1-54 for engaging; and tripping the finger 77 duringthe course'of rearward travel of the slide-plates 145, as shown in Figure 26. Finally, the slide-plates 145 are also provided upon their,
inner faces with inwardly projecting pins 155 for rockably supporting gauge-plates 156 which extend angularly,
downwardly in the position shown in Figure 31 and at their lower ends are provided with outwardly projecting studs 157, which, in turn, extend through arcuate slots 158 formed in the slide-plates 145. At their outer ends Rockably mounted at the lower end of each gaugeplate 156 and extending facewise upwardly therealong,
as shown in Figure 31, is a cumming bar 160 for actuating engagement with the pins 57, 58,1 of the powder-J The camming-bars 160 are held" I feeding piston 43. 7 against forward swinging relative movement by pins 161 set into the gauge-plates 156, and arefbiased into contact therewithby leaf-springs 162; [As will be seen by I reference to Figures 7 and 8, the camming-bars 160 .Will ride against the pins 57, 58, forcing the gate 51 down wardly. As will be seenby reference toFigure 30, the spring t is heavier than thespring 63 and will normally hold the latter compressed underthe finger 62. Thus,
the gate 51. and piston 48 will maintain the relative positions'shown in Figure 30 and the downward movement of the gate 51 will be transmitted through the finger 62 and compressed spring '63 to the piston 48.
Consequently, the gate, 51and piston 48 will momentarily come to rest in the position shown in Figure 30' and a charge of powder will be pushed from the powder magazine 40 by the piston 43 into the powder-feeding cylinder 145 continue to move to rearwardmost position, the cam-' ming-bars 160 will also move backwardly, thereupon riding past the said pins 57, 58, permitting them and the elements associated therewith to return to initial posi This movement allows the gate 51 to snap up tion. toinitial position under the force of the spring 63 transmitted through the tongue 62, cutting off the powder intake from the magazine 40, but the powder charge mo mentarily holds the piston 48 back until the bolt 81 t 3 reaches fully retracted position, at which moment the piston 48 propels the powder charge into the chamber 12. As theslide-plates 145 subsequently return forwardly to initial position, as shown in Figure 4, the upwardly and forwardlypresented faces of the cumming-bars 160 will strike against the pins 57, 58, and be swung rearwardly against the bias of the leaf-springs 162, thereby clearing andpassing under the pins57, '58. Similarly, the pins 7 154 will clear and pass under the. finger 7. i The lock-bar 148 is provided in its sem'i-circnlarface with recesses v33' for snug-fitting engagement with the forward ends ofthe locking rods 33, as best seen 'in Figure i i shown in Figure 4 and preventing manipulation 'of the fore-end 7 and movement of the slide-plates 145 until the gun A has been fired. The hammer 97 and other internal elements of the breech-bolt 81 are in position, as shown in Figure 14, when thegun A is cooked and ready to fire.
Mounted at their rear ends upon the breech-bolt studs 143 and held inwardly by means of the washers 144 are leaf-spring closure-blades 164 adapted to cover forward portion of the slots 25 when the bolt 81 is retracted, thereby preventing loose powder from spilling out accidentally. The closure-blades '164 are slidably supported within U-shaped elements 165 formed integrally upon the chamber portion 4 for holding the closure-blades 164 snugly against the side faces thereof.
Assuming that the chamber 12 is filled with a charge of powder, a bullet B is in firing position and the breech bolt 81 is in fully cocked position as shownin Figure 14, the gun A is fired by squeezing the trigger 129, whereupon the trigger actuating rod 119 slides forward camming the sear 114 inwardly until its end face 115 is coincident with the interior face of the breech-bolt chamber 93. Thereupon, the spring 105 throws the hammer 97 forward against the head 91 of the firing pin 89, which, in turn, is driven sharply forward against the detonating cap 35 of the bullet B, exploding the powder charge in the chamber 12 and propelling thebullet B out through the muzzle of the gun A. During this move ment, the compressor 103 is held stationary with respect to the breech bolt81 by engagement of the latch-dogs 107 in the detent notches 96, as shown in Figure 14, and the hammer will have moved from the position shown in Figure 14 all the way forward and will have come to rest against the button-like head 91 of the firing pin 89, which will, in turn, have come to rest in its forwardmost position. In this position, the spring 105 is fully relaxed.
As the hammer 97 shifts forwardly, it pulls the bolt pin 100 forwardly compressing the spring 110, and as the hammer 97 reaches its forwardmost position just after the moment of firing, the collar 101 strikes against the abutment surfaces 109 of the latch-dogs 107, releasing them. The stored energy in the spring 110 thereupon pullsthe bolt pin 100 rearwardly, pulling the compressor 103 and h hammer 97to be returned as a unit through the posi-' tion shown in Figure 15 to the position shown in Figure 16.. Since the spring 105 is now relaxed, it will not interfere with this return movement. The rear end 102 of the bolt-pinwill strike against the cross-bar 136 moving the latter backwardly from the position shown in Figure 15 to the position shown in Figure 16, since the spring 110 is much stronger than the spring 140. This movement will shift the locking rods 33 rearwardly out of the drill holes 33, unlocking the lock-bar 148.
The fore-end 7 canthen be shifted rearwardly to the position shown in Figures 9 and 17 and in so doing the bullet retention pin 73 is tripped and thepiston 48 and gate 51 are actuated, whereby a bullet is taken from the magazine 66 and a powder charge from thepowder feeding cylinder 45. As has been previously pointed out, the pins 154 trip and pass under the finger 77, so that the spring 74 can return the retention pin 73 to initial position immediately after theuppermost bullet in the magazine 66 has been shifted up into the chamber 12. Thus, only one bullet at a time can be fed out of the magazine 66. As the breech-bolt 81 moves into rearward position, the cooking lug 95, engages the compressor 103 and holds it stationary while the rest of the action moves rea'rwardly. As soon as the sear 114 moves into line with the aperturefin which it is normally;
The fore-end '7 isthen returned to initial position carry- 31. In this position, the cross-bar 136 is releasedso that the locking rods 33 will return. forwardly to locking position. As the fore-end '7 returns to such initial position,- it will kick the forward ends of the locking rods 33 back momentarily until fully seated, whereupon the locking rods 33 will shift forwardly again to locked position in the recesses 33'.
By adjusting the gauge-plate 156 up and down, the degree of sliding movement of the piston 48 and gate 51 can be varied to vary the size of the powder charge injected into the magazine 40. i l
It should be understood that changes and modifications in the form, construction, arrangement, and combination of the several parts of the firearms may be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without departing from the nature and principle of my invention.
Having-thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section-adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, an. annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the. throat, the distance between the throat and the seat beingv sufiicient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means. for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position, a projectile magazine located below the cham-- 'ber and rearwardly of the throat in downwardly and chamber and rearwardly of the projectile magazine in parallel relation to the chamber, a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to: the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper end with the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine for injecting a charge of powder from the powder magazine into the powderfeeding cylinder, and piston-like means in the powderfeeding cylinder for introducing said charge of'powder into the chamber.
2. A gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chambensaid barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may he snugly seated prior to firing, an annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the throat, the distance between the throat and the seat being sufficient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position, a projectile magazine, spring-biased said last-named means being located below-the chamber and-projecting externally of the projectile magazine i 111 or r as ng a d th e y means'to inject a single projectile at a time from the projectile 'magazi'ne' into the chamber, means on the forward end of the bolt for seating said projectile in said throat, a powder magazine located below the chamber and rcarwardly of the projectile magazine in parallel relation to the chamber, a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper end with the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine for injecting a charge of powder from the powder magazine, and piston-like means in the powderfeeding cylinder operable responsive to movement of the'actuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position for introducing said charge of powder into the chamber.
3. A gun adapted for firing a cartridgedess projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel; extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifledbore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing,'an annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the throat, the distance between the throat and the seat being sufficient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position, a projectile magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the throat in downwardly projecting relation thereto, spring-biased means in said projectile flmagazine, means associated with theiprojectile magazine and operated by the actuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position, said last-named means being located below the chamber and projecting externally of the projectile magazine for releasing and thereby permitting the spring-biased means to inject a single projectile at a time from the projectile magazine into the chamber, means on, the" forward end of the bolt for seating said projectile in said throat, a powder magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the projectile maga zinc in parallel relation to the chamber, a powder-feed= ing cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to the tion at its upper end with the powder magazine, a springbiased piston in the powder magazine for injecting a' charge of powder from the powder magazine, and pistonlike means in the powder-feeding cylinder operable responsive to movement of the actuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position for introducing said charge of powder into the chamber.
, 4. A gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising ificient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, 7 a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having arr-annular shoulder for engagement against the seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of' seated position, a projectile magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the throat indownwardly and angularp rmi in h springrbiase projectile magazine, said cylinder being'in communicai 1y projecting relation thereto, spring-biased meausin the j,
projectile magazine fpr injecting a single projectile at; time from the projectile magazine iiitoTtlie chamb'er;'
means on theforward end of the bolt for seating the projectilemagazine, said cylinder-being" in "communica- 7 tion at its upper'end with the powder magazine,'a spring-j biased piston in the powder magazine, means operable" responsive to movement ofthe actuating meansfor inject-3 ing a charge of powder from the powdermagazine, and piston-like means in the powder-feeding cylinder operable responsive to movement of the actuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position for introducing said charge of powder into the chamber.
5. A gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having adetonating cap in its base,'said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent. to the chamber, saidbarrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide aprojectile-engaging throat into which the pro-' jectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, an annular seat in said chamber located rearwardly of the throat,
the distance between the throat and the seat being sufficient' to provide space for'receiving a powder charge,
a bolt slidably mounted at the rear end of and in axial alignment with the chamber and having an annular shoul: der for engagement against the'seat, actuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into and out of seated position,a projectile magazine'spring-biased means in said projectile magazine,- meansassociated with the pro jectile magazine and operated by theactuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position, said lastnamed means being located below the chamber and projecting externally of the projectile magazine for releasing and thereby permitting the spring-biased means to inject a single projectile at a time from the projectile magazine into the chamber, means on the forward end; of the bolt for seating said projectile in said throat, a powder magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the projectile magazine, in parallel relation to f the chamber, a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper endwith the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine for injectinga charge of powder from the powder magazine'piston-like means inthe'powder-feed ing cylinder-operable responsive to movement of the" actuating means asithe bolt is'retrac'ted from seated position for introducingsaid charge of powder into the chamber, and a locking pin for engaging the actuating means as the latter is returned to initial position for preventingfurther movement thereof until the gun has I been fired. Y
6. A gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile havinga detonating cap in its base, said gun'comprising a chamber,a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said sectionto provide a projectile-engagingthroat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, an annular seatin said chamber located rearwardly of the throat,
the distance between the throatand the seat being sufficient to provide space for receiving a powder charge, a hollow bolt slidablymountedat the rear end of and in axial alignment with the-chamber and having anannnlar sholder for engagement against the seat, aetuating means for shifting the bolt to-and-fro into ;andout of seated position, a projectilemagazinelocated belowt'ne cham; ber, springfbiased means in' said projectile fmagazine, f
means associ-ated with the projectilemagazineand operated by the ac ating means as the bolt'is retracted from W seated; position, saidlast-riarn ed means being located be- 19W th hamb r nd pr ie ns xternally t l Pro ectile mag ajzineforf'releasing and thereby permitting' the; V
spring-biased means to inject a single projectile at a time from the projectile magazine into the chamber, means on the forward end of the bolt for seating said projectile in said throat, a powder magazine located below the chamber and rearwardly of the projectile magazine in parallel relation to the chamber, a powder-feeding cylinder mounted at the rear of and parallel to the projectile magazine, said cylinder being in communication at its upper end with the powder magazine, a spring-biased piston in the powder magazine actuated by the actuating means as the bolt is retracted from seated position for injecting a charge of powder from the powder magazine into the powder-feeding cylinder, and piston-like means in the powder-feeding cylinder for introducing said charge of power into chamber.
7. A gun adapted for firing a cartridge-less projectile having a detonating cap in its base, said gun comprising a chamber, a barrel extending forwardly from the chamber and having a rifled bore throughout its length except for a section adjacent to the chamber, said barrel being diametrally enlarged and smooth-surfaced in said section to provide a projectile-engaging throat into which the projectile may be snugly seated prior to firing, a breech portion extending rearwardly from the chamber and having side walls provided with opposed parallel slots, a bolt slidably mounted in the chamber and breech portion for longitudinally shiftable movement therein, said bolt having laterally projecting bosses slidably mounted in and extending through the slots, a fore-end operatively mounted on the barrel for forward and rearward sliding movement, actuating links pivotally connected at their forward ends to the fore-end, intermediate links pivotally connected at their forward ends to theactuating links, a pair of slide plates pivotally connected at their rear ends respectively to said bosses and at their forward ends to the rear end of the intermediate links, camming bar means operatively mounted on the actuating links for locking engagement with the barrel when the fore end is in forwardly shifted position, means operable responsive to forward movement of the fore-end for seating a projectile in said throat, and means operable responsive to rearward movement of the fore-end for introducing a charge of powder into the chamber.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 30,760 Reeder Nov. 27, 1860 941,662 Smith Nov. 30, 1909 2,121,796 Helbich June 28, 1938 2,341,260 Barnes Feb. 8, 1944 2,356,491 Loomis Aug. 22, 1944 2,618,877 Mackta Nov. 25, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OPFICE Patent No 2,841,906 July 8, 1958 Edwin H, Michelsen It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
In the grant, lines 1 and 12, name of inventor, for "Edwin H, Michelson", each occurrence, read Edwin E. Michelsen in the heading to the drawings, Sheets 1 to 6, line 1, for "E, R0 Michelson", each occurrence, read E. R, Michelsen at the bottom of the drawings, Sheets 1 to 6, and in the heading to the printed specification, line 4, for "Edwin R. Michelson, each occurrence, read Edwin H. Michelsen Signed and sealed this 18th day of November 1958,
(SEAL) Attest:
KARL Id.a AXLINE Attesting Officer ROBERT C. WATSON Commissioner of Patents UNITED STAKES PATENT OFFUZE EERWFECATE @F RRECTN Patent No, 2,841,906 July 8, 1958 Edwin R, Michelsen It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
In the grant, lines 1 and 12, name of inventor, for "Edwin R, Michelson", each occurrence, read me Edwin E, Michelsen in the head ing to the drawings, Sheets 1 to 6, line 1, for "E, R. Michelson", each occurrence, read w E, R0 Michelsen at the bottom. of the drawings, Sheets 1 to 6, and in the heading to the printed specification, line 4, for "Edwin E, Michelson, each occurrence, read u Edwin R, Michelsen y Signed and sealed this 18th day of November 1958,.
(SEAL) Attest:
KARL H, AXLINE ROBERT C WATSON Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents
US434929A 1954-06-07 1954-06-07 Shoulder firearm having separate projectile and powder magazines Expired - Lifetime US2841906A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2256393A1 (en) * 1973-12-28 1975-07-25 Pulsepower Systems
EP0024144A1 (en) * 1979-08-01 1981-02-25 Junker Systems, Inc. Caseless ammunition projectile having separate propellant charge and hand firearm for firing same
EP0069184A1 (en) * 1981-07-10 1983-01-12 Aurèle Henri Mannarini Firearm for self-propelling projectiles, self-propelling projectiles and their production

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US30760A (en) * 1860-11-27 Improvement in breech-loading and magazine fire-arms
US941662A (en) * 1907-09-13 1909-11-30 Samuel B Smith Firearm.
US2121796A (en) * 1934-07-30 1938-06-28 Josef E Helbich Projectile
US2341260A (en) * 1941-03-18 1944-02-08 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm
US2356491A (en) * 1940-10-31 1944-08-22 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm
US2618877A (en) * 1945-05-07 1952-11-25 Mackta Leo Breech mechanism for guns having replaceable liner

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US30760A (en) * 1860-11-27 Improvement in breech-loading and magazine fire-arms
US941662A (en) * 1907-09-13 1909-11-30 Samuel B Smith Firearm.
US2121796A (en) * 1934-07-30 1938-06-28 Josef E Helbich Projectile
US2356491A (en) * 1940-10-31 1944-08-22 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm
US2341260A (en) * 1941-03-18 1944-02-08 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm
US2618877A (en) * 1945-05-07 1952-11-25 Mackta Leo Breech mechanism for guns having replaceable liner

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2256393A1 (en) * 1973-12-28 1975-07-25 Pulsepower Systems
EP0024144A1 (en) * 1979-08-01 1981-02-25 Junker Systems, Inc. Caseless ammunition projectile having separate propellant charge and hand firearm for firing same
EP0069184A1 (en) * 1981-07-10 1983-01-12 Aurèle Henri Mannarini Firearm for self-propelling projectiles, self-propelling projectiles and their production

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