US2818607A

US2818607A - Garage installation

Info

Publication number: US2818607A
Application number: US429091A
Authority: US
Inventors: Maissen Venantius
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1953-05-11
Filing date: 1954-05-11
Publication date: 1958-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 1975-01-07

Description

2,&18,607

Jan. 7, 1958 v. MAISSEN GARAGE INSTALLATION 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 11, 1954 INVENT OR V Maissen ATTORNEYS Jan. 7, 1958 v. MAISSEN GARAGE INSTALLATION 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 11, 1954 INVENTOR V Matisse/ 2 ATTORNEYS Jan. 7, 1958 v. MAISSEN 2,818,607

' GARAGE INSTALLATION Filed May 11, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VENTOR T/jfaz'sseiz ATTORNEYS United States Patent GARAGE INSTALLATION Venantius Maissen, Chur, Switzerland Application May 11, 1954, Serial No. 429,091

Claims priority, application Switzerland May 11, 1953 2 Claims. (01. 20-113 With the increasing use or" motor vehicles, the difiiculties of parking and garaging become more urgent. There is therefore a steadily increasing need of a comparatively cheap garage which, for instance, could be built underground underneath a house. The same applies to the garages in the narrower sense, which accommodate a larger number of vehicles.

In the past, the plan of a garage space was generally shaped like a polygon. Experience has shown that buildings of this type are expensive and require much space. It is also diflicult for vehicles to enter or leave these garages, particularly because the available space for maneuvering in the garage is in most cases limited. An additional disadvantage which also had the effect of increasing the cost, was the necessary reinforcement and support of the walls or the ceiling, which had to be arranged so that a reasonably satisfactory maneuvering space could be made available. Large ceiling spans are too expensive and are therefore excluded, particularly for garages underneath houses.

The object of the present invention is a garage installation which is comparatively cheap to build but can accommodate a large number of vehicles with convenient entrance and exit conditions. The installation is particularly suitable as a basement of an office block or as a multi-story garage.

The invention is essentially a monolithic casing provided along its circumference with boxes separated by vertical radial partitions. The boxes open radially into a maneuvering space, and the partitions do not extend into this space. The walls of the monolithic casing and the partitions separating the boxes mutually support each other and are made of reinforced concrete.

The drawing shows an example of a design of the object of the present invention.

Fig. l is a vertical section through a two-story installation, with high buildings partly built over the area,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the upper floor of this installation,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the lower floor of this installation, and

Fig. 4 shows another design of this installation and is a horizontal section through it,

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through Fig. 6, along the line VV, showing a further design of this invention,

Fig. 6 is a vertical section along the line Vl-Vl of Fig. 5, on a larger scale.

The garage installation shown in Figs. 1 to 3 consists of a monolithic closed structure. The number 1 denotes the cylindrical outer wall of the structure, which forms also the outer wall of boxes 2 arranged like a ring inside it. The radial partitions 3 form the boundaries between the boxes. These partitions, together with the outer wall, form the reinforcing structure carrying the ceilings 4. The partitions of the upper story are in the same positions as the partitions of the lower story. The boxes 2 face a central maneuvering space 5. The sides of the boxes facing this space are open, and can be closed by 2,818,607 Patented Jan. 7, 1958 means "of a gate. The diameter of the cylindrical outer wall 1 may be, =fo1' instance, 24 to 30 metres, while the individual boxes 2 are about 6 to 7 metres long and 3 to 6 metres wide. The numeral 6 denotes the entrance and exit 'of'th'e upper story. This is connected with the lower story by imeans of a connecting ramp 7. Both the upper and the lower story of the garage installation are in communication with various rooms and facilities required'for a fairly large garage installation, such as lavatories, washrooms, repair shop, filling station, lift etc. The garage installation shown here is provided with a heating installation and also with a ventilating installation of the climatic control type. Owing to the heat radiation from the ground, a greatly reduced heating installation suffices for a subterranean garage installation.

If the garage .installationis arranged like a tower, the various stories are connected by at least one lift or by means of approach ramps.

Fig. 4 shows an installation with two opposite approach ramps 6.

In Figs. 5 and 6, .1 denotes again the cylindrical outer wall of a casing which completely encloses the building. Inside this casing there are two further concentric cylindrical walls, the intermediate wall 8 and the inner wall '9, with some space between them. Thus, these walls form an outer concentric annular space 10, a smaller intermediate concentric annular space 11 and a round inner space 12. 2 denotes the boxes arranged like a ring on the inside of the outer wall. The intermediate wall 8 is also pro vided with similar boxes 2 inside and outside. The boxes 2 are arranged on the outside of the inner wall 9. The concentric inner space 12 is not provided with boxes and serves as a workshop. It is convenient to equip this workshop with a hydraulically operated vehicle lift 13 to lift the motor cars. The entrance 14 leads to the inner space. A passage 15 is built into the intermediate wall, in line with the approach-exit drive 6 and the entrance 14. The passage is bounded laterally by curbstones 16. The traffic island 17, triangular in plan, is situated in the approach-exit drive.

The boxes 2., 2 and 2 are again bounded at the sides by radial partition walls 3, as already described, these partition walls forming with the walls a reinforcing supporting structure for the ceilings and floors 4, 4, which are most conveniently made of reinforced concrete.

The cells 2 and 2' face the annular space 10, used as a traffic lane and as a space for turning the cars. The boxes 2' and 2" face the annular space 11 and are open towards this space. In the plan view the shape of the

boxes

2, 2 and 2" is trapezoidal, and the vehicles are parked in them.

The example shown here represents a large underground garage installation. The ceiling 4, shaped like a disk, could be the basement of a building and the floor 4 the foundation.

It is immediately obvious that a considerable number of motor vehicles can be stored in a confined area in this radial garaging space composed of concentric annular spaces; many more than in the usual arrangement in straight rows.

The direction of the traffic in the spaces inside the garage is indicated by the arrows 18 (Fig. 5).

The partitions 3 of the boxes do not extend into the

annular spaces

10, 11, which are intended for driving and turning. Obviously, this garage installation does not necessarily have to be situated underneath a building, it can also be situated elsewhere underground, for instance, underneath an open space with traffic moving above.

The monolithic casing of the structure, made of reinforced concrete, is given a cylindrical shape because this shape is (next to the sphere) most economical, as

far as the ratio of material used to volume enclosed is concerned, and it also possesses excellent strength properties. The central maneuvering space, with the annular arrangement of the boxes, facing the maneuvering space with their open ends, is most convenient for the approach and departure of the vehicles.

Owing to the round shape of the outer wall, together with the radial portions, which also serve as supporting elements, the complete structure is so strong, due to the balanced stifiening, that even if the concrete is not reinforced with steel, the structure can resist extremely high earth pressures (which may be partly due to adjacent high buildings). Therefore, if the garage is situated underground, the ground above can be covered if desired with high buildings. Alternatively, the top can be used for other purposes, such as gardens, playgrounds and the like.

The installation can be built with one or several stories, above ground as a tower of (if, for example, land is scarce) underground or partly underground.

The type of entrance-approach ramps of various types or any kind of liftdepends on the given circumstances.

This garage installation is also suitable for being built into or on terraced sites, where access and exit can be arranged above and below.

The garage installation has unlimited possibilities in the arrangements of approaches and entrances. Direct access, vertical entrances with lifts or ramps, indirect approaches through distant entrances located in other buildings, approaches from below or from a level slightly lower than the floor level of the garage (for installations in embankments), and approaches communicating with existing subways for motor vehicles or underground automobile repair shops can be arranged.

If the spaces in the building are suitably dimensioned, the garage can be designed as a multipurpose building, so that it could be used as a warehouse, cold stores, laboratory, air raid shelter etc., in case its main purpose, the garaging and parking of motor vehicles, loses its importance.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to a now preferred example and embodiment of the invention it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention, that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended, therefore, to cover all such changes and modifications in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a building for storage purposes, a casing having an integral structure; said casing comprising a cylindrical outer side wall, a planar floor joined to the base of said wall, a fiat continuous disc-shaped ceiling joined to the top edge of said wall, one or more horizontally extending disc-shaped intermediate layers defining superjacent stories, each of said stories having a plurality of spaced bearing partitions extending radially inwardly from said outer wall and joining opposed horizontal layers, said partitions terminating at a fixed distance inwardly of the wall to define a central circular maneuvering space in each story; at least one opening from the outside of the casing communicating with the circular space in one of said layers, and ramp means joining the maneuvering space of each of said stories.

2. A storage building as set forth in claim 1, wherein said ramp means comprises an extension of the trapezoidal shaped space defined by an adjacent pair of radial bearing partitions, said ramp extension being 'arcuate in configuration and forming with said trapezoidal shaped space a tear-drop shaped turning area, thereby providing movement from one story to another with minimum loss of storage space.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS France Feb. 13, 1928