US2816717A

US2816717A - Crushing jaws and anvils for rockcrushing machines

Info

Publication number: US2816717A
Application number: US583178A
Authority: US
Inventors: Louis W Johnson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1956-05-07
Filing date: 1956-05-07
Publication date: 1957-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 1974-12-17

Description

Dec. 17, 1957 L. w. JOHNSON 2,816,71 7

CRUSHING JAWS AND ANVILS FOR ROCK-CRUSHING MACHINES Filed May 7, 1956 INVENTORQ LOUIS W. JOHNSON United States Patent CRUSHING JAWS AND ANVILS FOR ROCK- CRUSHING MACHINES Louis W. Johnson, Eugene, Oreg.

Application May 7, 1956, Serial No. 583,17 8

4 Claims. (Cl. 241-300) This invention relates to rock crushing machines and more particularly to the movable crushing jaw and cooperating anvil or anvils thereof and the structure, the mounting, and the method of using steel cheeks or wear plates associated with the crushing jaw and anvil or anvils.

In all other rock crushing machines that I am aware of wear plates are held in compression against their respective crushing jaws and anvils by means of adjustable clamping members, wedges, bolts and the like to resist migration of the metal of the wear plates caused by the peening action of rocks against the plates. The resultant progressively increasing compression of the plates in operation, resisted only by their clamped, wedged or bolted attachment, causes a natural outward deflection or bowing from their corners. Thus the plates with their rear surfaces out of facial contact with their supports will yieldingly pulsate under the pressure of each crushing stroke. Continued flexing of the plates, until final breakage due to metal fatigue, will, of course, loosen their means of attachment and require frequent tightening which only aggravates the condition and results in frequent bolt breakage.

Moreover, the erosion of the crushing jaw and anvil or anvils, caused by the pulsations of their respective wear plates, causes severe damage and renders the fitting of new plates almost impossible. The springlike action of deflected plates reduces the capacity of the crushing machine, the speed of its crushing action and consequently the rapid passage of rock through the machine.

Accordingly, it is one of the principal objects of my invention to obviate the defects above pointed out by providing crushing jaws and anvils with wear plates and means for mounting the same which will at all times maintain the plates in tension and in secure facial contact with their respective supporting surfaces. Thus any bowing or deflection of the plates is positively prevented since the tensile stresses applied to the plates by said mounting means will be in the direction of metal migration caused by the peening action of the rocks instead of in opposition thereto as aforesaid.

The foregoing and other objects will appear as my invention is more fully hereinafter described in the following specification, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and finally pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a side view of a rock crushing machine with a fragment of one of its side walls broken away to illustrate normally stationary anvils and a crushing jaw each equipped with wear plates mounted thereon in accordance with my invention. In Figure l the machine structure, although in general accord with that disclosed in my United States Patent No. 2,701,107, issued February 1, 1955, is intended for any double-acting crusher to which the invention is applicable.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale of a typical tensioning means for the top end of the wear plates of the anvils shown in Figure 1.

' 2,816,717 Patented Dec. '17; "1957 2 Figures 3 and 4 are side views respectively of a rock crushing machine of the overhead eccentric single toggle type and of the double toggle swing jaw type in each of which the wear plates are attached to the anvil'and crushing jaw in accordance with my invention.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale of typical tensioning means for the wear plates of the crushing jaws and anvils of the machines shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 illustrating a modified form of tensioning means.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing: In Figure 1 reference numeral 1 generally indicates a rock crushing machine in which a movable crushing jaw 2 operates between normally stationary anvils 3, crushing against one anvil while receding from the other and against the other anvil While receding from the first. The two anvils, their wear plates and tensioning means being identical, a description of one will s'ufiice for both. Each wear plate 4 is undercut as at 5 along its bottom edge for secure engagement with the complementary undercut 6 along the bottom portion of the anvil 3. The top edge of each wear plate is also undercut as at 7 for engagement with the hook shaped end 8 of any desired number of jacks indicated generally at 9 (see also Figure 2) and spaced apart along the top edge of the anvil 3 which is downwardly and inwardly inclined from an outwardly extending flange 10. Each jack is in the form of a bent lever 11 of the first order, hook shaped at one of its ends as aforesaid, apertured as at 12 near its outer end and provided on its underside with a nodule 13 by means of which the lever is pivotally attached to the top edge of the anvil 3 by means of a recess 14 formed therein and which establishes the fulcrum for the lever. The top end of the aperture 12 is counterbored to form a cupshaped recess 15 as is also at 16 the bottom end of an aligned aperture 17 in the flange 10. correspondingly shaped aligning washers 18 and 19 are disposed respectively in the

recesses

15 and 16 to accommodate an actuating bolt 20 extending through the apertures 12 and 17. As the nut 21 of each bolt 20 is advanced on its threads the reaction of the fulcrum 13-14 of its respective lever 11 will apply tensile stress to the wear plate. The tensile stresses can be applied at various points by actuating selected levers or entirely across the wear plate by actuat ing all the levers, thus assuring at all times complete facial contact of the wear plates with their respective anvils. Opposite faces 22 of the crushing jaw 2 are provided with identical wear plates 23 each undercut as at 24 along its bottom edge for secure engagement with complementary undercuts 25 along the bottom edge of the crushing jaw. The top edges of the wear plates are undercut as at 26 for engagement with correspondingly upwardly diverging arms 27 of any desired number of jacks each of whose main body 28 bears against the top edge of the jaw 2 as shown. Two screws 29-30 extend through the body of the jack and which when advanced on their threads will force the jack upwardly to apply the desired tensile stresses to the wear plates at selected intervals or entirely along the top edge of the wear plates. If desired or necessary a greater amount of tensile stress can be applied to one wear plate than to the other by merely advancing one of the screws 29-30 on its threads a greater distance than the other. Any approved type of protective jack cover 31 can be removably secured to the crushing jaw by bolts (not shown) extending between the jacks and into the top edge of the crushing jaw.

The anvils 32-32A of the machines shownin Figures 3 and 4 are provided with wear plates 33-33A secured in place along their bottom edges in the same manner as those in Figure 1. The top edge of each wear plate is undercut as at 34-34A for engagement with the upwardly turned end 35 of any desired number of identical jacks .36 ,(see Figure 5.) arranged in spaced relation along the top edge of their respective anvil. Each jack comprises a straight lever 37 of the third order wherein the power is applied by a screw 38 between the load or wear plate 3333A and the fulcrum established by the pivotal attachment 39-40 of the lever to a bracket 41 welded to or cast integral with its respective anvil. The wear plates 42-42A are undercut a at 4343A along their top edges for engagement with undercuts 44-44A across the face of their respective crusher jaws 454-5A. The bottom edge of each wear plate is undercut'as shown for engagement with jacks 36A--36B identical with the jacks 36 for the wear plate of the anvils.

In the modified form of tensioning means shown in Figure 6 46 indicates the fulcrum point for the lever 47 whose one end engages within the undercut 48 of the wear plate 49 and whose opposite end is apertured as at 50, counterbored as at 51 and provided with an aligning washer 52 to accommodate a nut 53 on one end of an actuating bolt 54 extending through the aperture 50 and an aligned aperture 55 through a projection 56 of an anvil or of a crushing jaw.

All of the wear plates hereinabove referred to are preferably of manganese steel and from the detailed description of the novel manner in which they are mounted and thereby held in constant tension it will be apparent that I have overcome the deficiencies of rock crushing machines I am aware of as above discussed.

While I have shown particular forms of embodiment of my invention I am aware that many minor changes therein will readily suggest themselves to others skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

I claim:

1. In a rock crushing machine having a crushing jaw cooperating with an anvil. a wear plate attached to each of the opposing faces of the crushing jaw and the anvil, and adjustable tensioning means carried by the crushing jaw and by the anvil for applying tensile stresses to their respective wear plates and maintaining said plates in tension in the direction of metal migration caused by the peening action of rocks being crushed between the jaw and anvil.

2. in a rock crushing machine having a movable crushing jaw cooperating with a stationary anvil, a wear plate engaged along one of its edges to one edge of the anvil, a wear plate engaged along one of its edges to one edge of the crushing jaw, and adjustable tensioning means carried by the crushing jaw and by the anvil and engaged with the opposite edge of their respective wear plates for applying tensile stresses thereto and maintaining said plates in tension in the direction of metal migration caused by the pecning action of rocks being crushed between the jaw and anvil.

3. A crushing jaw and anvil and wear plates therefor as in claim 2, wherein said tensioning means comprises a lever pivotally attached near one of its ends to its respective jaw or anvil and engaged at said end with its respective wear plate and adjustably interconnected at its opposite end with its respective jaw or anvil whereby the fulcrum reaction of said lever about said pivotal attachment upon movement of said opposite end of the lever in one direction will apply tensile stresses to its respective wear plate in an opposite direction.

4. In a double-acting rock crushing machine having a crushing jaw operating between normally stationary anvils, a wear plate attached to each side of said crushing jaw, tensioning means carried by the crushing jaw for simultaneously applying tensile stresses to both of said wear plates in the direction of metal migration caused by the peening action of rocks being crushed, a wear plate attached to each of said anvils and opposing said wear plates of. the crushing jaw, and tensioning means carried by said anvils for applying tensile stresses to their respective wear plates and maintaining said plates in tension in the direction of metal migration caused by the peening action of rocks being crushed by the crushing jaw.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS